| 09/22/2012 | Tournament: UMKC | Round: 2 | Opponent: | Judge:
F/W Voting issue for fairness and educationProduction Shell Obama will win- Polls and economic reboundCook 9-22
Charlie is the director of the Cook Political Report and a Columnist for National Journal, "Obama’s Uptick," http://nationaljournal.com/columns/cook-report/the-cook-report-obama-s-uptick-20120920-http://nationaljournal.com/columns/cook-report/the-cook-report-obama-s-uptick-20120920 Reality is often more complicated than conventional wisdom would have you believe, a point
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. Right now, it isn’t heading in a good direction for him. Maxwell ’12
Veery is a third-year law student at UC Hastings, "Wind Energy Development: Can Wind Energy Overcome Substantial Hurdles to Reach the Grid," West Northwest Journal of Environmental Law and Policy, 18 W.-N.W. J. Env. L. %26 Pol’y323, lexis Environmental groups have also been opposed to wind development, particularly in sites inhabited by
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host of solutions to the environmental and local problems generated by wind farms. Lehrer, 12
(Eli, "How Mitt Romney can win the environmental vote", 6/11, Huffington Post,¶ http://rstreet.org/op-ed/how-mitt-romney-can-win-the-environmental-vote/-http://rstreet.org/op-ed/how-mitt-romney-can-win-the-environmental-vote/ Since the (few) positives in Obama’s record and the incumbency are unalterable,
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to put Romney over the top. So how can he do it? China label kills relations and the economyRoach 8-28
Stephen is a lecturer at Yale University’s School of Management and Jackson Institute for International Affairs. He is also a Senior executive with Morgan Stanley, "How Romney Could go Wrong from Day 1," http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/c74802de-f0f9-11e1-89b2-00144feabdc0.html~%23axzz25ue916Yz-http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/c74802de-f0f9-11e1-89b2-00144feabdc0.html
True to his word as a candidate, a few hours after taking office as
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economic policy blunder. Bad dreams can – and have – become reality. Harris and Burrows, 09 –
PhD in European History @ Cambridge and Counselor of the US National Intelligence Council AND Member of the National Intelligence Council’s Long Range Analysis Unit (Mathew J. and Jennifer, "Revisiting the Future: Geopolitical Effects of the Financial Crisis," April, Washington Quarterly, http://www.twq.com/09april/docs/09apr_Burrows.pdf-http://www.twq.com/09april/docs/09apr_Burrows.pdf)
Of course, the report encompasses more than economics and indeed believes the future is
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within and between states in a more dog-eat-dog world.
1NC Generic CP text: the 50 States and all relevant Territories should enter into a compact that requires all signatories to accept all liability imposed by the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act for the production and construction of wind projects on Brownfields.The Compact should collect revenue via a Clean Energy Community Finance Initiative. Ronald H. Rosenberg 9, *Associate Dean of Academic Affairs, Chancellor Professor of Law, William and Mary Law School (North Dakota LR, http://web.law.und.edu/lawreview/issues/web_assets/pdf/85/85-4/85NDLR781.pdf)
This article will concentrate on the third element necessary for the future growth of wind
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be a necessary condition for the longterm development of wind power in America. Mountjoy ’01
John is a policy analyst with the council of State Governments, "Interstate Compacts Make a Comeback," Spring http://www.csg.org/knowledgecenter/docs/ncic/Comeback.pdf-http://www.csg.org/knowledgecenter/docs/ncic/Comeback.pdf
Some may question the need for interstate compacts to address multi-state policy issues
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not, federal preemption in certain policy areas is a distinct ¶ possibility.
Shell Wilson and butler 2k2
~[Daniel and tara, the new market frontier: unlocking community capitalism through Brownfields Redevelopment, brownfields a comprehensive guide to redeveloping contaminated property~] The architect is a designer, coalition builder, problem solver, mediator, advocate
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sites can be transformed¶ from environmentally contaminated landscapes to thriving urban meccas. This drive to accumulate is the root cause of exploitation, imperialism, war and eco-doom – threatens our extinctionFoster 07 (John Bellamy, University of Oregon, "The Ecology of Destruction," MONTHLY REVIEW, February 2007, www.monthlyreview.org/0207jbf.htm, accessed 3-27-08.)
My intention here is not of course to recount Pontecorvo’s entire extraordinary film, but
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the entire capitalist world economy, encompassing the planet as a whole.3 Foster 2k11
~[john bellamy, professor of sociology at the University of Oregon and also editor of Monthly Review, Since the Great Financial Crisis hit in 2008, Foster has been sought out by academics, activists, the media, and the general public as a result of his earlier prescient writings on the coming crisis. He has given numerous interviews, talks, and invited lectures, as well as written invited commentary, articles, and books on the subject~]
In the twenty-first century it is customary to view the rise of planetary
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and sustainable human development; a socialism for the twenty-first century.
Generic Picking Winners Picking winners bad—distorts the market, causes trade-offs and deters private capitalVeronique de Rugy 6/19/2012 (Senior research fellow at the Mercatus Center, "Assessing the Department of Energy Loan Guarantee Program" mercatus.org/publication/assessing-department-energy-loan-guarantee-program) This government involvement can distort the market signals further. For instance, the data
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themselves away from producing what customers want, toward pleasing the government officials. Causes crowd-out—decreases domestic investments and innovationsVeronique de Rugy 6/19/2012 (Senior research fellow at the Mercatus Center, "Assessing the Department of Energy Loan Guarantee Program" mercatus.org/publication/assessing-department-energy-loan-guarantee-program 4. Crowding Out To some (for example, those lucky enough to receive
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earning prospects will dim, and our future living standards could suffer.
Case David McClean. 2001. philosopher, writer and business consultant, conducted graduate work in philosophy at NYU. "The cultural left and the limits of social hope" http://www.american-philosophy.org/archives/past_conference_programs/pc2001/Discussion%20papers/david_mcclean.htm
There is a lot of philosophical prose on the general subject of social justice.
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if we treat policy and reform as more important than Spirit and Utopia. Srnicek 09 ~[Nick, Ph.D Candidate in International Relations @ the London School of Economics, "Notes on Ontology and Politics," http://accursedshare.blogspot.com/2009/01/some-notes-on-ontology-and-politics.html~~] It seems to me that one of the most contentious and unremarked upon effects of
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an ontological category, its political content is entirely underdetermined by ontological reasoning.) Predictions are accurate enough and should be used as a basis for political actionChernoff 2009. Fred, Prof. IR and Dir. IR – Colgate U., European Journal of International Relations, "Conventionalism as an Adequate Basis for Policy-Relevant IR Theory", 15:1
For these and other reasons, many social theorists and social scientists have come to
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commitment to both of these conclusions should be evident from the foregoing discussion. Nasser Hussain and Melissa Ptacek. 2000. Department of History, University of California, Berkeley, Law And Society Review, v34 n2. Here once again we are forced to question Agamben’s teleological mode of thought. Is
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this regard, we find his concluding musings on Heidigger to be suggestive. |
| 09/30/2012 | Tournament: UMKC | Round: 4 | Opponent: Emporia | Judge: A) "Resolved" before a colon reflects a legislative forum
Army Officer School, ’4
(5-12, "~%23 12, Punctuation – The Colon and Semicolon", ~[~[http://usawocc.army.mil/IMI/wg12.htm-http://usawocc.army.mil/IMI/wg12.htm~~]~]) The colon introduces the following: a. A list, but only after "
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resolved:"¶ Resolved: (colon) That this council petition the mayor. B) USFG is the national government in DC.
Encarta Online Encyclopedia, 2k
(http://encarta.msn.com) "The federal government of the United States is centered in Washington DC" C) Should means there is a practical reason for action
WordNet in ’97
Princeton University, 1.6 Should v 1 : be expected to: "Parties should be fun" 2 : expresses an emotional, practical, or other reason for doing something: "You had better put on warm clothes"; "You should call your mother-in-law"; "The State ought to repair bridges" ~[syn: had better, ought~] 3) Vote Negative:
Limits on what can be debated protect subversion and meaningful debate.
Shively, 2K
(Former Assistant Politics Professor – Texas A%26M, Partisan Politics and Political Theory, pp. 181-4, We have the full text of the card if you want to see it) At the very least, we must agree about what it is that is being
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speech and action from violence, manipulation, and other forms of tyranny. And, fair division of ground is necessary for meaningful switch-side debate – switch-side debating cultivates a civic attitude which threatens fundamentalism and turns debate into a training ground for progressive politics
Mitchell et al. 07
(Gordon, Eric English, Stephen Llano, Catherine E. Morrison, John Rief, and Carly Woods, Pitt Comm Studies Grad Students, Gordon Mitchell is an Associate Comm Studies Professor @ Pitt, Communication %26 Critical/Cultural Studies 4) The problem for Greene and Hicks is that this notion of citizenship becomes tied to
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heirs to brand the activity as a ’’weapon of mass destruction.’’ Dialogue is critical to affirming any value—shutting down deliberation devolves into totalitarianism and reinscribes oppression
Morson 4
http://www.flt.uae.ac.ma/elhirech/baktine/0521831059.pdf~~%23page=331
Northwestern Professor, Prof. Morson’s work ranges over a variety of areas: literary theory (especially narrative); the history of ideas, both Russian and European; a variety of literary genres (especially satire, utopia, and the novel); and his favorite writers — Chekhov, Gogol, and, above all, Dostoevsky and Tolstoy. He is especially interested in the relation of literature to philosophy. Bakhtin viewed the whole process of "ideological" (in the sense of
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proceed in much the same way, in an ongoing spiral of intolerance.
They will say we exclude their argument
Not unique – rules and constraints are inevitable in debate – we should instead debate about what rules should guide the discussion – this argument begs the question of our procedural objection to their affirmative There’s no impact to this violence or exclusion – voting against them because their advocacy is unfair doesn’t actually hurt them at all nor does it deal a blow to their project because it will just force them to craft their advocacy in a way that is more fair and thus more successful They link worse - we articulate a vision of debate that is open to their arguments: they can read whatever they want on the neg, and any critical arguments that are solved by adoption of the affirmative. They exclude any consideration of our arguments against instrumental adoption of their policy, turning debate into a closed-circuit.
Policy-oriented and research-intensive debate is critical to empower minority students
Warner and Bruschke ’01
(Ede, Professor – U Louisville and Jon, Professor – Cal State Fullerton, "’Gone on Debating’: Competitive Academic Debate as a Tool of Empowerment in Urban America") Education has long been a key facet of empowerment. Galston (1996) has
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gives students the experience of competing against someone from a different socioeconomic level. Activism in debate doesn’t work
Solt ’04
(Roger, Debate Coach – U. Kentucky, "Debate’s Culture of Narcissism", Contemporary Argumentation and Debate, Vol. 25, p. 46) In another early formulation, critical argument was deemed preferable because, unlike arguments resting
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for their beliefs than the outcomes of fast, short, competitive debates. Attempting to create recognition through competition generates backlash.
Atchison and Panetta, 09
(Jarrod Atchison, Phd Rhetoric University of Georgia, Assistant Professor and Director of debate at Wake Forest University, and Edward Panetta, Phd Rhetoric Associate Professor University of Pitt and Director of Debate at Georgia, Intercollegiate Debate and Speech Communication, Historical Developments and Issues for the Future, "Intercollegiate Debate and Speech Communication: Issues for the Future," The Sage Handbook of Rhetorical Studies, Lunsford, Andrea, ed. (Los Angeles: Sage Publications Inc., 2009) Competition has been a critical component of the interest in intercollegiate debate from the beginning
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what is best for promoting solutions to diversity problems in the debate community.
Using debate as a site for activism this collapses the potential of debate
Talisse 5
—Professor of Philosophy @Vandy¶ Robert, Philosophy %26 Social Criticism, Deliberativist responses to activist challenges, 31(4) p. 429-431 The activist implicitly holds that there could be no reasoned objection to his view concering
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as presented by Young’s activist, is an unreasonable model of political engagement. Even if they win we don’t gain access to the state - it’s still good – builds coalitions and stops violence
Rawls ’99
John Rawls, The Law of Peoples, ’99, p. 56-57 To answer this question, we say that, ideally, citizens are to think
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part of the political and social basis of peace and understanding among peoples. And, scientific and instrumental argumentation and research is key to motivate legislative fence-sitters. Their critical approach is just preaching to the choir which endangers public and decision-making backlashes which turn the case. Only our interp can generate the public debates necessary to ensure survival.
Brown 2k11
~[heath, PhD Political Science, Roanoke, Salem, VA, "narrative strategies used by interest groups during the 2008 presidental transition", 2011 Pat-Net Conference~]
Milbrath argues that interest groups must strategically present information so as to ¶ overcome the
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the strategies employed and ¶ therefore the content of information presented during lobbying. Prefer our framework – Policy role-play doesn’t indoctrinate or get stale – makes best Real World education.
Joyner ’99
(Christopher C., Professor of International Law at Georgetown, "Teaching International Law", 5 Ilsa. J. Int’l %26 Comp. L. 377, Lexis) Use of the debate can be an effective pedagogical tool for education in the social
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the real world of policy analysis, political critique, and legal defense. THE WORKING CLASS MUST COALESCE IN MATERIAL ACTION AGAINST FINANCIAL EXPLOITATION ESPECIALLY IN THE CONTEXT OF ENERGY PLANNING. THE AFF’S NOTION OF AGENCY UNIQUELY UNDERMINES THE MATERIALIST ANTI-CAPITALIST REVOLUTIONARY KNOWLEDGE KEY TO SURVIVAL. Callinicos 2k10
~[Alex, Bonfire of Illusions: The Twin Crisis of the Liberal World, Polity, professor of European studies King’s College – London, DPhil – Oxford, p. 139-43~]
There are other strong reasons to press for a break with the logic of competitive
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to rise. The most plausible explanation appeals to the logic of competition.
The problem is, yet again, one of collective action. Evi- dently
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are widened, allowing the billions of victims of capitalism finally to escape. , THE AFFIRMATIVE’S CLAIM TO PERFORMATIVELY EFFECT CHANGE AGAINST CAPITALISM LOCATES AGENCY IN RHETORICAL PERFORMANCES LIKE THE PRECIOUS 1AC. THIS SHUTS DOWN MATERIALIST COALITIONAL ANTI-CAPITALIST MOVEMENTS.
GUNN AND CLOUD 2K10
~[Joshua gunn and dana cloud, Phd Communicatoins, University of Texas Austin, Agentic Orientation as magical Voluntarism, Communication Theory~]
Notably, Campbell’s statement on the status of agency does not attempt to reverse the posthumanist turn, but rather, sets out to reconcile the theoretical perspectives of Judith Butler and Michelle Balif with close textual reading practices that, until the crisis of agency, were assumed to have singular, self-transparent authors. Similarly,
John Lucaites’ call to jettison agency as a concept and locate power, instead,
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is located in the tensions between a larger structure and the (collective)
subject (also see Jameson, 1977). AND, MATERIALIST EXPLANATIONS OF INSTITUTIONALIZED CAPITALIST RACISM THROUGH OBJECTIVE MEASUREMENTS LIKE "LIFE CHANCES" ARE EMPIRICALLY VERIFIED AND KEY TO GENERATE MATERIAL CHANGE - INDUCING ACTION THROUGH ARGUMENT. THEIR CONCIOUSNESS-BASED EXPLANATION ENDS UP BLAMING ABSTRACT GROUPS FOR "THINKING RACISM INTO EXISTENCE BECAUSE OF IRRATIONAL HATRED". THAT JUSTIFIES THE STATUS QUO, NOT REVOLUTIONARY ACTION.
WILLIAMS 2K5
~[Christopher j., in defense of materialism: a critique of afrocentric ontology, PhD Candidate, Sociology, York university, institute of race relations, vol 47 1, Race and Class~]
The picture becomes even more confounding when concepts rooted¶ in materialist analyses of the
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this is to unwittingly¶ formulate a discourse of demobilisation rather than radicalisation. AND, MATERIALIST EXPLANATIONS OF INSTITUTIONALIZED CAPITALIST RACISM THROUGH OBJECTIVE MEASUREMENTS LIKE "LIFE CHANCES" ARE EMPIRICALLY VERIFIED AND KEY TO GENERATE MATERIAL CHANGE - INDUCING ACTION THROUGH ARGUMENT. THEIR CONCIOUSNESS-BASED EXPLANATION ENDS UP BLAMING ABSTRACT GROUPS FOR "THINKING RACISM INTO EXISTENCE BECAUSE OF IRRATIONAL HATRED". THAT JUSTIFIES THE STATUS QUO, NOT REVOLUTIONARY ACTION.
WILLIAMS 2K5
~[Christopher j., in defense of materialism: a critique of afrocentric ontology, PhD Candidate, Sociology, York university, institute of race relations, vol 47 1, Race and Class~]
The picture becomes even more confounding when concepts rooted¶ in materialist analyses of the
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this is to unwittingly¶ formulate a discourse of demobilisation rather than radicalisation. Text: VOTE NEGATIVE TO REJECT THE 1AC IN FAVOR OF MATERIALIST REVOLUTIONARY KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTION AGAINST CAPITALISM.
AND, ECOLOGICAL CATASTROPHE NECESSITATES MATERIALIST REVOLUTIONARY DIALECTICS AGAINST CAPITALISM’S EXPLOITATION TO ENSURE SURVIVAL.
Foster 2k11
~[john bellamy, professor of sociology at the University of Oregon and also editor of Monthly Review, Since the Great Financial Crisis hit in 2008, Foster has been sought out by academics, activists, the media, and the general public as a result of his earlier prescient writings on the coming crisis. He has given numerous interviews, talks, and invited lectures, as well as written invited commentary, articles, and books on the subject~]
In the twenty-first century it is customary to view the rise of planetary
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and sustainable human development; a socialism for the twenty-first century. |
| 09/30/2012 | Tournament: UMKC | Round: 5 | Opponent: Trinity KV | Judge: Key to education- can’t clash with portions off the aff that aren’t predicated off of affirming the resolution- clash is key to two way education Voting issue for fairness and education A. INTERPRETATION. Restrictions prohibit, requirements govern how energy production occurs Hayden ’05 (J.D., Penn State Dickinson School of Law, 2005)
Tim 13 Penn St. Envtl. L. Rev. 217 B. Telecommunications Act of 1996
¶ In 1996, a major piece of legislation dealing with most aspects of our
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the policy of promoting national wireless service provision in ~*233~ mind. And the restriction must be ON production
Dictionary.com No Date
http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/on?s=t
"ON":16. (used to indicate a source or a person or thing that serves as a source or agent): a duty on imported goods; She depends on her friends for encouragement.
B. Violation- The aff reduces a condition that makes production harder—that’s NOT A RESTRICTION on production
This ev. gender paraphrased Priebe ’99 (Director of Agricultural Economic Law, European Commission)
Rhinehard, Production Rights in European Agriculture p.200
The milk quota system, to quote the prime example, is a levy imposed
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the same¶ system, is another example of this form of restriction.
C. REASONS TO PREFER. - Fair Ground. Our interp allows afs to remove any restriction that actually prohibits production—ownership requirements, seasonal drilling restrictions, environmental impact rules. Their interp allows any aff that makes energy production less profitable—those are regulations or fees—not restrictions.
2. Limits. Their interp justifies any aff that increases the size or profitability of the energy industry, exploding the size of an already large topic.
3. Bright line. Our interp establishes a clear brightline—does the restriction prohibit energy production? If it does, it T, if it don’t, it aint.
D. Topicality is a voter for fairness and education.
Production Shell
Obama will win- Polls and economic rebound
Cook 9-22
Charlie is the director of the Cook Political Report and a Columnist for National Journal, "Obama’s Uptick," ~~http://nationaljournal.com/columns/cook-report/the-cook-report-obama-s-uptick-20120920-http://nationaljournal.com/columns/cook-report/the-cook-report-obama-s-uptick-20120920~~~~ Reality is often more complicated than conventional wisdom would have you believe, a point
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. Right now, it isn’t heading in a good direction for him. Plan is unpopular, solar failures make selling solar difficult
Bloomberg 6-28
"Abound Failure Revives Debate over Obama Solar Policies," ~~http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-06-29/abound-failure-revives-debate-over-obama-solar-policies.html-http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-06-29/abound-failure-revives-debate-over-obama-solar-policies.html~~~~ The failure of a second solar manufacturer that received loan guarantees from the U.
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adds to the weight of how ridiculous this was," Jordan told reporters. Approval Rating is key, lines up perfectly with reelection
Silver ’11
Nate directs five thirty eight and is a statistician, "Approval Ratings and Reelection Odds," ~~http://fivethirtyeight.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/01/28/approval-ratings-and-re-election-odds/-http://fivethirtyeight.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/01/28/approval-ratings-and-re-election-odds/~~~~ Earlier this month, we posted the simple version of a finding, based on
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— and that would not have been true a couple of months ago.
China label kills relations and the economy
Roach 8-28
Stephen is a lecturer at Yale University’s School of Management and Jackson Institute for International Affairs. He is also a Senior executive with Morgan Stanley, "How Romney Could go Wrong from Day 1," ~~http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/c74802de-f0f9-11e1-89b2-00144feabdc0.html~~%23axzz25ue916Yz-http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/c74802de-f0f9-11e1-89b2-00144feabdc0.html~~~~ True to his word as a candidate, a few hours after taking office as
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economic policy blunder. Bad dreams can – and have – become reality. Economic decline causes nuclear war
Harris and Burrows, 09 –
PhD in European History @ Cambridge and Counselor of the US National Intelligence Council AND Member of the National Intelligence Council’s Long Range Analysis Unit (Mathew J. and Jennifer, "Revisiting the Future: Geopolitical Effects of the Financial Crisis," April, Washington Quarterly, ~~http://www.twq.com/09april/docs/09apr_Burrows.pdf-http://www.twq.com/09april/docs/09apr_Burrows.pdf~~~~)
Of course, the report encompasses more than economics and indeed believes the future is
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within and between states in a more dog-eat-dog world.
CP Shell Text- the Supreme Court of the United States should rule the moratorium on oil drilling on the Outer Continental Shelf is unconstitutional as applied. Counterplan competes: "The" means whole USFG Merriam-Websters, 2010 (Online dictionary)
used as a function word before a noun or a substantivized adjective to indicate reference to a group as a whole Solves the aff because it strikes down the moratorium Court action induces legislative change. Devins, ’92
(William and Mary Associate Poli Sci Prof, July, 80 Calif. L. Rev. 1027) Courts matter. They matter a lot. Sometimes their orders set in motion market
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role in our system of separated powers, but they are judicial influences nonetheless Courts don’t link to elections- shielded from political pressure Ward ’9
(Artemus Ward, Professor at NIU, Political Foundations of Judicial Supremacy, Congress and The Presidency, pg. 119) After the old order has collapse the once- united, new-regime coalition
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division of labor exists between politicians and judges affiliated with the dominant regime. Generic Picking Winners Picking winners bad—distorts the market, causes trade-offs and deters private capital
Veronique de Rugy 6/19/2012 (Senior research fellow at the Mercatus Center, "Assessing the Department of Energy Loan Guarantee Program" mercatus.org/publication/assessing-department-energy-loan-guarantee-program) This government involvement can distort the market signals further. For instance, the data
AND
themselves away from producing what customers want, toward pleasing the government officials. Causes crowd-out—decreases domestic investments and innovations
Veronique de Rugy 6/19/2012 (Senior research fellow at the Mercatus Center, "Assessing the Department of Energy Loan Guarantee Program" mercatus.org/publication/assessing-department-energy-loan-guarantee-program 4. Crowding Out To some (for example, those lucky enough to receive
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earning prospects will dim, and our future living standards could suffer.
Case Solar scaleup impossible- Germany, California and decades prove OC Register 12-27
Orange County Register, "Solar Power Failures Adding Up," ~~http://www.ocregister.com/opinion/solar-333211-energy-company.html-http://www.ocregister.com/opinion/solar-333211-energy-company.html~~~~ Sooner or later, the laws of economics prevail, even in heavily subsidized industries
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these systems cost-effective. Sooner or later, economic reality prevails.
Predictions are accurate enough and should be used as a basis for political action Chernoff ’9. Fred, Prof. IR and Dir. IR – Colgate U., European Journal of International Relations, "Conventionalism as an Adequate Basis for Policy-Relevant IR Theory", 15:1
For these and other reasons, many social theorists and social scientists have come to
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commitment to both of these conclusions should be evident from the foregoing discussion. Solar development kills desert tortoise
Lovich %26 Ennen ’11
Jeffrey and Joshua, "Wildlife Development and Solar Energy Development in the Desert Southwest, United States," Bioscience Volume 61 No. 12 Pages 982-992 ~~http://www.avhidesert.com/pdf/downloaded_file-1.pdf-http://www.avhidesert.com/pdf/downloaded_file-1.pdf~~~~ Habitat fragmentation. Until relatively recently, the desert Southwest was characterized by large blocks
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the adjacent coastal region of southern California (Delaney et al. 2010). The impact is two fold- - We should save the tortoise for the tortoise sake- humans have no right to drive species extinction based on our pursuit of solar energy. That is an ethical reason to vote neg
2. Desert Tortoise is a keystone species, keeps hundreds of species alive and soil correct – turns the aff Becker ’12
Kendall is an environmental researcher at the University of Washington, "Renewable Energy, Fire, and the Agassiz’s Desert Tortoise," ~~http://scienceinshort.wordpress.com/2012/03/13/renewable-energy-fire-and-the-agassizs-desert-tortoise/-http://scienceinshort.wordpress.com/2012/03/13/renewable-energy-fire-and-the-agassizs-desert-tortoise/~~~~ At the forefront of this debate is the Agassiz’s desert tortoise. The tortoise is
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, by extension, the entire desert ecosystem, is a pressing one. The environment is indestructible Easterbrook 95
Distinguished Fellow, Fullbright Foundation
(Gregg, A Moment on Earth pg 25) IN THE AFTERMATH OF EVENTS SUCH AS LOVE CANAL OR THE Exxon Valdez oil spill
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are pinpricks compared to forces of the magnitude nature is accustomed to resisting. Won’t cause extinction
Easterbrook ’3
(Gregg, senior fellow at The New Republic, July, Wired Magazine, "We’re All Gonna Die%21" ~~http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/11.07/doomsday.html?pg=1%26topic=%26topic_set-http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/11.07/doomsday.html?pg=1%26topic=%26topic_set~~~~=)
If we’re talking about doomsday - the end of human civilization - many scenarios simply
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as he was, wrote Remembrance of Things Past while lying in bed. Their aff prevents the type of managerialism necessary to prevent global extinction –processes of environmental destruction are unstoppable without intervention
Dr Neil Levy 1999. Fellow of the Centre for Applied Philosophy and Public Ethics at Charles Sturt University. "Discourses of the Environment" p. 215
If the ’technological fix’ is unlikely to be more successful than strategies of limitation
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and of those with whom we share this planet, will be decided. Objectivity and scientific reasoning are a good foundation for making decisions—the aff’s decision making calculus is arbitrary and prevents progressive politics. Alan Sokal, Professor of Physics at New York University, 1996 ("A Plea for Reason, Evidence and Logic," Talk Presented at a Forum at New York University, October 26^^th^^, Available Online at http://www.physics.nyu.edu/faculty/sokal/nyu_forum.html, Accessed 07-31-2010) I didn’t write the parody for the reasons you might at first think. My
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the most prominent and pernicious manifestation of anti-intellectualism in our time. The impact is extinction
Krauthammer 2011
Charles, Pulitzer Prize–winning syndicated columnist, political commentator, and physician
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Dec 30, 2011 @ 03:19 PM, The Washington Post Rather than despair, however, let’s put the most hopeful face on the
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By them, the few — the only — who got it right. The aff is apolitical and makes life meaningless
BEST AND KELLNER, 2001 Steven Best and Douglas Kellner, The Postmodern Adventure, Guilford Press, 2001, 268, google books
Extreme positions invite extreme responses. The erroneous rejoinder to anthropocentrism has been radical biocentric
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past human history, as if minds could avoid the struggle for recognition. Their notion of nature separate from humanity prevents aff solvency. The world without human intervention is not closer to post-Chernobyl than pristine utopia – the environment has already adapted to human intervention and dominance. Slavoj Zizek 2007. Philosopher and Abercrombie %26 Fitch Magazine Contributor. Ecology as a New Opium for the Masses, 11/26, http://kasamaproject.org/2008/12/28/zizek-ecology-as-a-new-opium-for-the-masse/)
The lesson to be fully endorsed is thus that of another environmental scientist who came
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the nearby city Pripyat which was abandoned, left the way it was. |
| 09/30/2012 | Tournament: UMKC | Round: 8 | Opponent: Minnesota | Judge: Words and Phrases 8 (Permanent Edition, vol. 20a, p. 207) Colo. 1887. In the Act of 1861 providing that justices of the peace shall have jurisdiction “in” their respective counties to hear and determine all complaints, the word “in” should be construed to mean “throughout” such counties. Reynolds v. Larkin, 14, p. 114, 117, 10 Colo. 126. “The” means all parts
Webster’s 8 (Merriam-Webster's Online Collegiate Dictionary, 08, http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/the) 4 -- used as a function word before a noun or a substantivized adjective to indicate reference to a group as a whole the elite
In the US means the aff must happen in every state
EPA 6 (EPA, US Environmental Protection Agency Terminology Reference System, 2-1-2006, http://iaspub.epa.gov/trs/trs_proc_qry.alphabet?p_term_nm=U-http://iaspub.epa.gov/trs/trs_proc_qry.alphabet?p_term_nm=U) United States
When used in the geographic sense, means all of the States. Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics -http://iaspub.epa.gov/trs/trs_proc_qry.org_info?P_REG_AUTH_ID=1019andP_LIST_OPTION_CD=ORG: Commercial Chemical Control Rules-http://iaspub.epa.gov/trs/trs_proc_qry.org_info?P_REG_AUTH_ID=1andP_DATA_ID=11722andP_VERSION=1andP_LIST_OPTION_CD=INFO Term Detail-http://iaspub.epa.gov/trs/trs_proc_qry.navigate_term?p_term_id=292529andp_term_cd=TERMDIS Violation: The plan doesn’t happen in every state and territory
AND EEZ is not in the United States
US Department of State Manual ’12
“7 Fam 1113 Not Included in the Meaning of “in the United States” http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/86755.pdf 7 FAM 1113 NOT INCLUDED IN THE ¶ MEANING OF "IN THE UNITED STATES
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. Nagle, 24 F.2d 316 (9th Cir., 1928)). Vote Negative - Limits --- they allow “region of the week” Affs that target specific states or localities --- unique areas like Puerto Rico, federal lands, or “Indian Country” open up huge new research burdens --- limits are key to preparation and clash
2. Ground --- national change is key to quality of disads links --- specific regions give the Aff unpredictable angles against core generics --- core ground is key to fairness
3. Topicality is a voting issue for fairness and education
ENERGY SHELL THEIR PORTRAYAL OF NATURE AS AN ENERGY RESERVE FROM WHICH WE MUST DRAW OUR FUTURE ENSURES THE REDUCTIONF OF EVERYTHING TO STANDING RESERVE.
stoekle 2k7
ALLEN, “BATAILLE’S PEAK: ENERGY, WASTE, AND POSTSUSTAINABILITY” P. 131 Nature has lost what we might call its autonomy; its model is no longer
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a resource to be exploited in, for example, concentration camps.8 THIS RESULTS IN THE UTTER DESTRUCTION OF LIFE IN MASS GENOCIDE AND INSTRUMENTALIZATION. stoekle 2k7
ALLEN, “BATAILLE’S PEAK: ENERGY, WASTE, AND POSTSUSTAINABILITY” P. 131-3 Subject/object; this is the infernal duo that, for Heidegger, characterizes
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school, freeway, suburb), is itself ripe for use and disposal.
AND, THE ALTERNATIVE BEGINS BY REFUSING THE AFFIRMATIVES DESCRIPTION OF THE FUTURE IN FAVOR OF THE PRODUCTION OF NON-KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE ENERGY REGIMES IN WHICH WE ARE ENMESHED. stoekle 2k7
allen, “bataille’s peak: energy, waste, and postsustainability” p. 205 I would argue that while cheap energy is not the sole cause of the fablous
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the night of non-knowledge.36 STOKELE, ENERGY ALT
Does this mean that we should despair, and use this “ignorance” as
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unjustified—a community of those with nothing in common (Lingis 1994).
Production 1NC
Obama will win- Polls and economic rebound
Cook 9-22
Charlie is the director of the Cook Political Report and a Columnist for National Journal, “Obama’s Uptick,” http://nationaljournal.com/columns/cook-report/the-cook-report-obama-s-uptick-20120920-http://nationaljournal.com/columns/cook-report/the-cook-report-obama-s-uptick-20120920 Reality is often more complicated than conventional wisdom would have you believe, a point
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. Right now, it isn’t heading in a good direction for him. Obama’s base hates increased oil production Prandoni 3-30
“Democrat Policies Threaten to Starve American Refiners,” http://m.atr.org/article.php?id=6823-http://m.atr.org/article.php?id=6823 With the 2012 election cycle in full swing, yesterday Obama took to the stump
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—it sure would make life for America’s refiners a whole lot easier. The environmental vote will decide the election
Lehrer, 12
(Eli, "How Mitt Romney can win the environmental vote", 6/11, Huffington Post,¶ http://rstreet.org/op-ed/how-mitt-romney-can-win-the-environmental-vote/-http://rstreet.org/op-ed/how-mitt-romney-can-win-the-environmental-vote/ Since the (few) positives in Obama’s record and the incumbency are unalterable,
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to put Romney over the top. So how can he do it?
China label kills relations and the economy
Roach 8-28
Stephen is a lecturer at Yale University’s School of Management and Jackson Institute for International Affairs. He is also a Senior executive with Morgan Stanley, “How Romney Could go Wrong from Day 1,” http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/c74802de-f0f9-11e1-89b2-00144feabdc0.html#axzz25ue916Yz-http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/c74802de-f0f9-11e1-89b2-00144feabdc0.html
True to his word as a candidate, a few hours after taking office as
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economic policy blunder. Bad dreams can – and have – become reality. Economic decline causes nuclear war
Harris and Burrows, 09 –
PhD in European History @ Cambridge and Counselor of the US National Intelligence Council AND Member of the National Intelligence Council’s Long Range Analysis Unit (Mathew J. and Jennifer, “Revisiting the Future: Geopolitical Effects of the Financial Crisis,” April, Washington Quarterly, http://www.twq.com/09april/docs/09apr_Burrows.pdf-http://www.twq.com/09april/docs/09apr_Burrows.pdf)
Of course, the report encompasses more than economics and indeed believes the future is
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within and between states in a more dog-eat-dog world. Oil DA
The plan collapses oil prices overnight
Poruban 12
Steven Poruban "API: Raising US oil supplies key to lowering gasoline prices" 3/26 www.ogj.com/articles/print/vol-110/issue-3c/general-interest/api-raising-us-oil.html-http://www.ogj.com/articles/print/vol-110/issue-3c/general-interest/api-raising-us-oil.html A major component to relieving upward pressure on gasoline prices in the US will come
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of days, oil prices fell by $15-16/bbl.
Oil dependence key to Middle East engagement and Saudi relations
Gonzalez 12
Angel Gonzalez is Houston Bureau Chief for Dow Jones Newswires, "Expanded Oil Drilling Helps U.S.Wean Itself From Mideast" June 27, 2012 online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702304441404577480952719124264.html Still, growing domestic energy production could allow the U.S. to lessen
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Washington to then build up and sustain its military presence in the region. The accesses all impacts—-terrorism, econ, Iran, Middle Eastern war Cordesman 11
(Anthony Cordesman - Arleigh A. Burke Chair in Strategy at CSIS, national security analyst for ABC News, served as director of intelligence assessment in the Office of the Secretary of Defense and as civilian assistant to the deputy secretary of defense, "Understanding Saudi Stability and Instability – Cordesman" Saudi-US Relations Information Service, March 1, 2011www.susris.com/2011/03/01/understanding-saudi-stability-and-instability-cordesman/) History scarcely means we can take Saudi stability for granted. Saudi Arabia is simply
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the Middle East depends on Saudi Arabia having a friendly and moderate regime. CP
Text- In a relevant test case, the Supreme Court of the United States should rule the moratorium on oil drilling on the Outer Continental Shelf is unconstitutional as applied. Counterplan competes: "The" means whole USFG Merriam-Websters, 2010 (Online dictionary)
used as a function word before a noun or a substantivized adjective to indicate reference to a group as a whole Solves the aff. They have authority to rule on it.
Spakosvky and Loris 8/13
Offshore Drilling: Increase Access, Reduce the Risk, and Stop Hurting American Companies
By Hans von Spakovsky and Nicolas Loris
August 13, 2012
http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2012/08/offshore-drilling-increase-access-reduce-the-risk-and-stop-hurting-american-companies
Hans A. von Spakovsky is a Senior Legal Fellow in the Center for Legal and Judicial Studies, and Nicolas D. Loris is the Herbert and Joyce Morgan Fellow in the Thomas A. Roe Institute for Economic Policy Studies, at The Heritage Foundation But while this sale was a positive development for American energy production, the Obama
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Ken Salazar, the Secretary of the Department of the Interior.3 Court action induces legislative change. Devins, ‘92
(William and Mary Associate Poli Sci Prof, July, 80 Calif. L. Rev. 1027) Courts matter. They matter a lot. Sometimes their orders set in motion market
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role in our system of separated powers, but they are judicial influences nonetheless Courts don’t link to elections- shielded from political pressure Ward ‘9
(Artemus Ward, Professor at NIU, Political Foundations of Judicial Supremacy, Congress and The Presidency, pg. 119) After the old order has collapse the once- united, new-regime coalition
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division of labor exists between politicians and judges affiliated with the dominant regime. Oil Dependence The Unipolar Moment is over and can’t be recovered – 08 financial crash means the US can’t prevent competition Rachman 11
(Gideon Rachman, Financial Times chief foreign affairs commentator, Zero-Sum Future, 2011, pp 3-4) But the economic crisis that struck the world in 2008 has changed the logic of
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the "unipolar moment" that began with the collapse of the Soviet Union Entitlement spending makes hege collapse inevitable Cohen ‘12
Michael A. Cohen is a regular columnist for Foreign Policy's Election 2012 Channel and a fellow at the Century Foundation. http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2012/02/21/rotting_from_the_inside_out?page=full-http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2012/02/21/rotting_from_the_inside_out?page=full ETB There is, however, one serious problem with this analysis. Any discussion of
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them are generally considered elements of national security, perhaps they should be. Heg not solve war –
A. No threats require primacy and other factors ensure security. Friedman and Preble 10 (Benjamin Friedman is a research fellow in defense and homeland security studies at the Cato Institute, Christopher Preble is director of foreign policy studies at the Cato Institute, Budgetary Savings from Military Restraint, September 22, 2010 Cato Policy Analysis No. 667 September 23, 2010 http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/PA667.pdf-http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/PA667.pdf The United States confuses what it wants from its military, which is global primacy
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resentment. Global military primacy is a game not worth the candle.56
B. No war – States have an incentive to avoid it. Zakaria 08 (Fareed Zakaria, editor of Newsweek International, 2008, The Post-American World, p. 244)
In certain areas – the South China Sea, for example – U.S
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futile and unnecessary. Small work-arounds might be just as effective. No evidence that credibility is key to influence others—prefer our ev because its based on psychological studies and not economic based models
Fettweis 7—Professor of Political Science @ Tulane
Christopher J., Credibility and the War on Terror Political Science Quarterly. New York: Winter 2007/2008. Vol. 122, Iss. 4; pg. 607, 27 pgs
Since Vietnam, scholars have been generally unable to identify cases in which high credibility
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a coherent test; when it was, it almost inevitably failed.40
( ) No impact to Iran Prolif –
A. Impact overblown and MAD solves. Sadr 05 Ehsanah I., graduate student in the department of government and politics at the University of Maryland, College Park, Middle East Policy, Summer
If Iran is successful in its nuclear quest, Israel might feel compelled to begin
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the world has witnessed since Hiroshima and Nagasaki – that is, zero.
B. No impact for multiple reasons.
-Iran already a challenge to US ME Heg -No Iranian adventurism -No Mid East Arms Race
-No Suit Case Bomb, CBW’s prove -Won’t increase Iranian influence in OPEC
-Won’t attack – deterrence sovles
Amuzegar 06 Jahangir, Finance Minister and Economic Ambassador in Iran’s Pre-1979 Government, Middle East Policy, Summer
Questioning the validity of objections to a nuclear-powered Iran, however, are
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nor even the mullahs’ bazaari habit of always looking for the best deal. Iran won’t attack Israel – it would be suicidal. Carpenter, 07 (Cato Institute, Mediterranean Quarterly 18.1)
Most people who reject a strategy of acceptance and deterrence tacitly acknowledge the improbability that
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Israel has more than a sufficient capability to deter an Iranian nuclear attack. Israel wouldn’t launch a unilateral strike – fear the US reaction. Kemp, 03 (Director of regional strategic programs at the Nixon Center, 10-9, "Considering the Options," The Washington Institute for Near East Policy) This time around, Sharon would never do anything like that—ever. To
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would jeopardize his relationship with this President over something as dramatic as this. Econ
Oil production doesn’t create jobs – land isn’t used and it steals from other avenues
Karlamangla 8/14/12
Soumya Karlamangla is a Summer 2012 intern at The Nation. She has written on climate change and the environment for the Thomson Reuters Foundation's AlertNet news site in London, and was most recently a news editor at The Daily Californian, UC Berkeley's student newspaper. August 14, 2012 “The Top 5 Myths About the Domestic Energy and Jobs Act”
http://www.thenation.com/article/169392/top-5-myths-about-domestic-energy-and-jobs-act# House Republicans have consistently used the term “job creation” as a smokescreen for
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because the GASP Act halted environmental standards that would have created new jobs.
Boosting manufacturing isn’t key to economic growth – experts agree
Nash-Hoff 12
Michele Nash-Hoff Author and president of the San Diego Electronics Network“American Manufacturing Has Declined More Than Most Experts Have Thought”¶ 03/28/2012 http://www.huffingtonpost.com/michele-nashhoff/manufacturing-jobs_b_1382704.html For years, most economists, experts, and government officials have said that the
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, job loss is seen as a sign of strength, not weakness."
Oil production doesn’t change international markets and is not extensive enough to save the economy
Jones, 12
(Forrest, March 16, 2012, “Krugman: More Oil Drilling Won't Help Economy by Creating Jobs” http://www.moneynews.com/Markets/Krugman-Oil-Drilling-Economy/2012/03/16/id/432834, 8/1/12, atl)
Drilling for more oil in the United States won't lower prices at the pump and
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," Geithner told the Economic Club of New York, according to Reuters.
The US maintains a robust SPR to hedge against volatility Barnes Et Al 4
Joe Barnes, research fellow at the Baker Institute for Public Police at Rice, Amy Jaffe, Fellow for Energy Studies at the Baker Institute, and. Edward L. Morse, Executive Adviser at Hess Energy Trading Company and was Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for International Energy Policy in 1979–81, Winter 2003/2004, originally printed in National Interest, http://www.saudi-us-relations.org/newsletter2004/saudi-relations-interest-01-06.html No one is satisfied with the current energy policy status quo; but few seem
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a robust strategic petroleum reserve for use in cases of extreme market volatility. Solvency
No solvency – massive delays and refining issues
Conathan, 12
(Michael, Director of Ocean Policy at Center for American Progress, March 1, 2012, “More Drilling Won’t Lower Gas Prices-http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2012/03/01/435330/more-drilling-wont-lower-gas-prices/”, http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2012/03/01/435330/more-drilling-wont-lower-gas-prices/, 8/1/12, atl) Pumping oil takes time. Opening new offshore areas will take seven years to produce
AND
.” Take one look at gas prices in Europe-http://articles.businessinsider.com/2011-11-15/markets/30400587_1_gas-prices-gasoline-gallon and you’ll understand why. Natural Gas competition brackets out economic benefits of increased oil production
Auer, 12
(Matthew, dean of the Hutton Honors College and professor at the School of Public and Environmental Affairs at Indiana University, March 4, 2012, “Without a surge in demand, drilling for oil won't help economy” http://www.deseretnews.com/article/765556024/Wiithout-a-surge-in-demand-drilling-for-oil-wont-help-economy.html?pg=all, 8/1/12, atl) Why? Natural gas prices are near 10-year lows and some wells are
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extract and burn these fuels without anticipating the public health and environmental consequences. |
| 10/18/2012 | Tournament: Kentucky | Round: 1 | Opponent: West Georgia GM | Judge: Army Officer School, ’4
(5-12, "~%23 12, Punctuation – The Colon and Semicolon", http://usawocc.army.mil/IMI/wg12.htm-http://usawocc.army.mil/IMI/wg12.htm) The colon introduces the following: a. A list, but only after "
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resolved:"¶ Resolved: (colon) That this council petition the mayor. Encarta Online Encyclopedia, 2k
(http://encarta.msn.com) "The federal government of the United States is centered in Washington DC" WordNet in ’97
Princeton University, 1.6 Should v 1 : be expected to: "Parties should be fun" 2 : expresses an emotional, practical, or other reason for doing something: "You had better put on warm clothes"; "You should call your mother-in-law"; "The State ought to repair bridges" ~[syn: had better, ought~] Steinberg 8
Steinberg, lecturer of communication studies – University of Miami, and Freeley, Boston based attorney who focuses on criminal, personal injury and civil rights law, ’8
(David L. and Austin J., Argumentation and Debate: Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision Making p. 45) Debate is a means of settling differences, so there must be a difference of
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particular point of difference, which will be outlined in the following discussion. Mitchell et al. 07
(Gordon, Eric English, Stephen Llano, Catherine E. Morrison, John Rief, and Carly Woods, Pitt Comm Studies Grad Students, Gordon Mitchell is an Associate Comm Studies Professor @ Pitt, Communication %26 Critical/Cultural Studies 4) The problem for Greene and Hicks is that this notion of citizenship becomes tied to
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heirs to brand the activity as a ’’weapon of mass destruction.’’ Dialogue is critical to affirming any value—shutting down deliberation devolves into totalitarianism and reinscribes oppressionMorson 4
http://www.flt.uae.ac.ma/elhirech/baktine/0521831059.pdf~~%23page=331
Northwestern Professor, Prof. Morson’s work ranges over a variety of areas: literary theory (especially narrative); the history of ideas, both Russian and European; a variety of literary genres (especially satire, utopia, and the novel); and his favorite writers — Chekhov, Gogol, and, above all, Dostoevsky and Tolstoy. He is especially interested in the relation of literature to philosophy. Bakhtin viewed the whole process of "ideological" (in the sense of
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proceed in much the same way, in an ongoing spiral of intolerance. Dialogic engagement over pragmatic policy proposals creates linkages and strategies capable of combatting environmental racism and injusticeFan 4
Fan, PhD sociology – Institute for Environment, Philosophy and Public Policy @ Lancaster University, associate professor – National Yang-Ming University, ’4
(Mei-Fang, "Democracy and Environmental Justice: The Case of Nuclear Waste Disposal in Taiwan," Paper for the Political Studies Association 54th Annual Conference, Section 8-5: Democratisation and Sustainability 2, 6-8 April) Habermas’s ideal of consensus is seen as outmoded (Lyotard, 1984: 66),
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other Taiwanese aborigines, and remove the barriers to establishing alliance between them. Hodson 10
Hodson, professor of education – Ontario Institute for Studies @ University of Toronto, ’10
(Derek, "Science Education as a Call to Action," Canadian Journal of Science, Mathematics and Technology Education, Vol. 10, Issue 3, p. 197-206)
note: SSI = socioscientific issues The final (fourth) level of sophistication in this issues-based approach is
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justice are kept in the forefront of discussion during the establishment of policy. Decisionmaking skills and engagement with the state energy apparatus prevents energy technocracy and actualizes radical politicsHager 92
Hager, professor of political science – Bryn Mawr College, ’92
(Carol J., "Democratizing Technology: Citizen %26 State in West German Energy Politics, 1974-1990" Polity, Vol. 25, No. 1, p. 45-70) During this phase, the citizen initiative attempted to overcome its defensive posture and implement
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a space for a delibera-tive politics in modern technological society.61 And, scientific and instrumental argumentation and research is key to motivate legislative fence-sitters. Their critical approach is just preaching to the choir which endangers public and decision-making backlashes which turn the case. Only our interp can generate the public debates necessary to ensure survival.Brown 2k11
~[heath, PhD Political Science, Roanoke, Salem, VA, "narrative strategies used by interest groups during the 2008 presidental transition", 2011 Pat-Net Conference~]
Milbrath argues that interest groups must strategically present information so as to ¶ overcome the
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the strategies employed and ¶ therefore the content of information presented during lobbying. Policy simulation key to creativity and decisionmaking—the detachment that they criticize is key to its revolutionary benefitsEijkman 12
The role of simulations in the authentic learning for national security policy development: Implications for Practice / Dr. Henk Simon Eijkman. ~[electronic resource~] http://nsc.anu.edu.au/test/documents/Sims_in_authentic_learning_report.pdf-http://nsc.anu.edu.au/test/documents/Sims_in_authentic_learning_report.pdf. Dr Henk Eijkman is currently an independent consultant as well as visiting fellow at the University of New South Wales at the Australian Defence Force Academy and is Visiting Professor of Academic Development, Annasaheb Dange College of Engineering and Technology in India. As a sociologist he developed an active interest in tertiary learning and teaching with a focus on socially inclusive innovation and culture change. He has taught at various institutions in the social sciences and his work as an adult learning specialist has taken him to South Africa, Malaysia, Palestine, and India. He publishes widely in international journals, serves on Conference Committees and editorial boards of edited books and international journal Policy simulations stimulate Creativity Participation in policy games has proved to be a highly effective
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set of meanings and beliefs to guide the policy process in the desired direction GUNN AND CLOUD 2K10
~[Joshua gunn and dana cloud, Phd Communications, University of Texas Austin, Agentic Orientation as magical Voluntarism, Communication Theory~] Notably, Campbell’s statement on the status of agency does not attempt to reverse the posthumanist turn, but rather, sets out to reconcile the theoretical perspectives of Judith Butler and Michelle Balif with close textual reading practices that, until the crisis of agency, were assumed to have singular, self-transparent authors. Similarly,
John Lucaites’ call to jettison agency as a concept and locate power, instead,
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is located in the tensions between a larger structure and the (collective)
subject (also see Jameson, 1977). AND, FOCUS ON DISCREET OPPRESSIONS UNIQUELY TRADES-OFF WITH RECOGNITION OF THE CENTRALITY OF CAPITALISM. ITS TRY OR ENDLESS CLASS SUFFERING FOR THE ALT. ONLY THIS EVIDENCE REFUTES THEIR EXPLANATION WHILE BEING EXPLICITLY CAUSAL.SMITH 2K8
~[Sharon, the politics of identity, January-feb., international socialist review, 57, activist, political commentator, publishes regularly in socialist worker and ISR~] As the experience of the 1960s shows, it is not necessary to personally experience
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the racist, sexist, and homophobic character that dominates the entire system. Morgareidge ’98 (Clayton Morgareidge, Professor Emeritus of Philosophy at Lewis %26 Clark College. August 22, 1998http:legacy.lclark.edu/~clayton/commentaries/evil.html) To show why this is the case, let me turn to capital’s greatest critic
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capitalism is on the table will ethics have a seat at the table.¶ AND, ECOLOGICAL CATASTROPHE NECESSITATES MATERIALIST REVOLUTIONARY DIALECTICS AGAINST CAPITALISM’S EXPLOITATION TO ENSURE SURVIVAL.Foster 2k11
~[john bellamy, professor of sociology at the University of Oregon and also editor of Monthly Review, Since the Great Financial Crisis hit in 2008, Foster has been sought out by academics, activists, the media, and the general public as a result of his earlier prescient writings on the coming crisis. He has given numerous interviews, talks, and invited lectures, as well as written invited commentary, articles, and books on the subject~]
In the twenty-first century it is customary to view the rise of planetary
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and sustainable human development; a socialism for the twenty-first century. |
| 10/18/2012 | Tournament: Kentucky | Round: 3 | Opponent: Georgetown | Judge: Webster’s Dictionary 1998
Increase: to make greater, augment, implies to what is already well grown, or well developed Rosner and Goldberg 11
(Robert Rosner, astrophysicist and founding director of the Energy Policy Institute at Chicago. He was the director of Argonne National Laboratory from 2005 to 2009, Stephen Goldberg, Special Assistant to the Director, Argonne National Laboratory ¶ Senior Fellow, Energy Policy Institute at Chicago¶ Research Coordinator, Global Nuclear Future Initiative ¶ American Academy of Arts and Sciences, "Small Modular Reactors – Key to Future Nuclear Power ¶ Generation in the U.S." Energy Policy Institute at Chicago, http://csis.org/files/attachments/111129_SMR_White_Paper.pdf-http://csis.org/files/attachments/111129_SMR_White_Paper.pdf As illustrated in the previous discussion, until significant learning benefits are achieved, the
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this type of¶ management model are discussed in the subsections that follow. Ground. Our interp assures neg links to DAs and Ks and gives the aff a wealth of legit affs to choose from.D. Topicality is a voting issue for fair ground and educationCook 10-4
Charlie is a National Journal Columnist and writes the Cook Political Report, "Mitt Romney Breaks his Losing Streak," http://nationaljournal.com/columns/cook-report/the-cook-report-romney-breaks-his-losing-streak-20121004-http://nationaljournal.com/columns/cook-report/the-cook-report-romney-breaks-his-losing-streak-20121004 Too many political observers see politics in an entirely binary way: Everything has to
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a turning point—or a brief interruption—in the campaign narrative. Deal-Blackwell 7/23
(Deborah, works with Los Alamos, founder of Hyperion Power Generation, ""Dark Knight Rises" Batman movie does infant SMR industry no favors" http://ixpower.com/tag/small-modular-reactors/-http://ixpower.com/tag/small-modular-reactors/, SEH)
But, I couldn’t believe it …Holy Plot Twist Batman%21 I cringed when
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as at the end of every Batman movie, the dark knight rises.¶ Approval Rating is key, lines up perfectly with reelection
Silver ’11
Nate directs five thirty eight and is a statistician, "Approval Ratings and Reelection Odds," http://fivethirtyeight.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/01/28/approval-ratings-and-re-election-odds/-http://fivethirtyeight.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/01/28/approval-ratings-and-re-election-odds/ Earlier this month, we posted the simple version of a finding, based on
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— and that would not have been true a couple of months ago. China label kills relations and the economyRoach 8-28
Stephen is a lecturer at Yale University’s School of Management and Jackson Institute for International Affairs. He is also a Senior executive with Morgan Stanley, "How Romney Could go Wrong from Day 1," http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/c74802de-f0f9-11e1-89b2-00144feabdc0.html~~%23axzz25ue916Yz-http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/c74802de-f0f9-11e1-89b2-00144feabdc0.html True to his word as a candidate, a few hours after taking office as
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economic policy blunder. Bad dreams can – and have – become reality. Harris and Burrows, 09 –
PhD in European History @ Cambridge and Counselor of the US National Intelligence Council AND Member of the National Intelligence Council’s Long Range Analysis Unit (Mathew J. and Jennifer, "Revisiting the Future: Geopolitical Effects of the Financial Crisis," April, Washington Quarterly, http://www.twq.com/09april/docs/09apr_Burrows.pdf-http://www.twq.com/09april/docs/09apr_Burrows.pdf)
Of course, the report encompasses more than economics and indeed believes the future is
AND
within and between states in a more dog-eat-dog world. Sprung, 9/21
(Andrew Sprung is a political commentator %26 media consultant. He is the CEO of Sprung PR and hold a PhD from the University of Rochestor, "Ezra Klein’s unconvincing theory that Obama misunderstands (or misrepresents) "change," http://xpostfactoid.blogspot.com/2012/09/ezra-kleins-unconvincing-theory-that.html) In my view, Klein is viewing this question too narrowly. Obama is well
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can. And that’s why I think they’re responding in such large numbers.
Cue the political science eye-roll. The American people were not "determined
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, or control health-care choices that women should make for themselves. Petroleum Intelligence Weekly, 1/9/12, Obama Plays Safe on Energy Policy, Lexis With less than a year to go until he faces re-election, US
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repeat this success in other energy policy areas ( PIW Feb.23’09 ). Presidential leadership is key to a compromise – the alternative is the collapse of hegemony, a double-dip recession, and war in the Middle EastHutchison, U.S. Senator from the great state of Texas, 9/21/2012
(Kay Bailey, "A Looming Threat to National Security," States News Service, Lexis) Despite warnings of the dire consequences, America is teetering at the edge of a
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the harsh tax increases that could stall economic growth and punish working families. James A. Russell, Senior Lecturer, National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School, ’9 (Spring) "Strategic Stability Reconsidered: Prospects for Escalation and Nuclear War in the Middle East" IFRI, Proliferation Papers, ~%2326, http://www.ifri.org/downloads/PP26_Russell_2009.pdf Strategic stability in the region is thus undermined by various factors: (1)
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the peoples of the region, with substantial risk for the entire world. Text: The fifty states and all relevant territories should enter into a compact that provides alternative financing for small modular reactors on military facilities in the United StatesDow Jones Newswires, 7
(5-21-07, "States Maneuver to Lure New Nuclear Power Plants" http://investorshub.advfn.com/boards/read_msg.aspx?message_id=19778941-http://investorshub.advfn.com/boards/read_msg.aspx?message_id=19778941 In a positive shift for U.S. power companies planning a new fleet
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costs to their customers, while Georgia regulators are considering a similar move. Microgrids got the DOD off the grid
Pike Research 11, market research and consulting firm that provides in-depth analysis of global clean technology markets, 9/16/’11
(http://www.pikeresearch.com/newsroom/military-microgrid-capacity-to-experience-more-than-700-growth-by-2017-http://www.pikeresearch.com/newsroom/military-microgrid-capacity-to-experience-more-than-700-growth-by-2017) Military Microgrid Capacity to Experience More than 700% Growth by 2017¶ September 16
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companies including Lockheed Martin, GE, Honeywell, Boeing, and Eaton. USA Today 8-1
"Similar Blackout is unlikely in the U.S.," USA Today page 8-1 A massive, countrywide power failure like the one in India is "extremely unlikely
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the chance of that interconnection breaking up is always there," he said. Russia/China won’t start cyber wars- MAD and unintended consequencesStrand ’11
~Paul, CBN News Washington Sr. Correspondent. http://www.google.com/url?sa=t%26rct=j%26q=china preparing cyber warfare shut down us grid%26source=web%26cd=3%26ved=0CF0QFjAC%26url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbn.com%2Fcbnnews%2Fus%2F2011%2FDecember%2FAmericas-Cyber-Defenses-A-Digital-Pearl-Harbor-%2F%26ei=vx8qUOnDH6mi2QW8rIGwCg%26usg=AFQjCNHOx-C6SgDeUag-7DD54V2n1iVLiw%26cad=rja ETB.~
Carafano=James Carafano, National Security Analyst @ The Heritage Foundation. Carafano doubts a global power would be foolhardy enough to start up a cyber war
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I don’t think the people who designed that expected that," he said. Unipolarity dead and can’t be recoveredRachman 11
(Gideon Rachman, Financial Times chief foreign affairs commentator, Zero-Sum Future, 2011, pp 3-4) But the economic crisis that struck the world in 2008 has changed the logic of
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the "unipolar moment" that began with the collapse of the Soviet Union Cohen ’12
~Michael A. Cohen is a regular columnist for Foreign Policy’s Election 2012 Channel and a fellow at the Century Foundation. http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2012/02/21/rotting_from_the_inside_out?page=full-http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2012/02/21/rotting_from_the_inside_out?page=full ETB~ There is, however, one serious problem with this analysis. Any discussion of
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them are generally considered elements of national security, perhaps they should be. A. No threats require primacy and other factors ensure security.Friedman and Preble 10 (Benjamin Friedman is a research fellow in defense and homeland security studies at the Cato Institute, Christopher Preble is director of foreign policy studies at the Cato Institute, Budgetary Savings from Military Restraint, September 22, 2010 Cato Policy Analysis No. 667 September 23, 2010 http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/PA667.pdf-http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/PA667.pdf The United States confuses what it wants from its military, which is global primacy
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resentment. Global military primacy is a game not worth the candle.56 Zakaria 08 (Fareed Zakaria, editor of Newsweek International, 2008, The Post-American World, p. 244)
In certain areas – the South China Sea, for example – U.S
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futile and unnecessary. Small work-arounds might be just as effective. US primacy in Asia and the Pacific is over – even before the crash of 08, China was already catching upRachman 11
(Gideon Rachman, Financial Times chief foreign affairs commentator, Zero-Sum Future, 2011, pp 187-188) Even before the crash of 2008, the military balance between China and the United
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you find questions about how long American military dominance can be maintained."25 Bitzinger %26 Desker ’8
senior fellow and dean of S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies respectively (Richard A. Bitzinger, Barry Desker, "Why East Asian War is Unlikely," Survival, December 2008, http://pdfserve.informaworld.com-/678328_731200556_906256449.pdf-http://pdfserve.informaworld.com-/678328_731200556_906256449.pdf) The Asia-Pacific region can be regarded as a zone of both relative insecurity
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this suggests that war in Asia – while not inconceivable – is unlikely. No SCS impact
Creehan 12
Senior Editor of the SAIS Review of International Affairs (Sean, "Assessing the Risks of Conflict in the¶ South China Sea," Winter/Spring, SAIS Review, Vol. 32, No. 1) Regarding Secretary Clinton’s first requirement, the risk of actual¶ closure of the South
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are so great that significant¶ changes to the status quo are unlikely. Cyber attack won’t cause an accidents—defense systems air gapped and resilientWeimann’4 (Gabriel, senior fellow, United States Institute of Peace, Professor of Communication, University of Haifa, Israel, December (Cyberterrorism: How Real Is the Threat?, Special Report, United States Institute of Peace, p. http://www.usip.org/ pubs/specialreports/sr119.pdf) Many computer security specialists believe it is virtually impossible to use the Internet to inflict
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new software must be submitted to the National Security Agency for security testing. Muller ’9 (John, Woody Hayes Chair of National Security Studies, Mershon Center, Professor of Political Science at Ohio State, Atomic Obsession, pIOO-OI)
It is a plausible argument that, all other things equal, if the number
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the way of precipitous response. They were duly evaluated and then ignored. Kato ’8
(Yoichi, bureau chief of the American General Bureau of the Asahi Shimbun, "Return from 9/11 PTSD to Global Leader," Washington Quarterly, Fall 2008, lexis) The challenges that the Asia Pacific will face in the foreseeable future will not likely
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growth of its economy while avoiding any military adventurism against the United States. Takes years after development to export SMR’s Kessides %26 Kuznetov 8-14
Ioannis is with the Development Group at the World Bank and Vladimir is a Consultant with the World Bank, "Small Modular Reactors for Enhancing Energy Security in Developing Countries," http://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/4/8/1806/htm-http://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/4/8/1806/htm The generally acknowledged challenge for SMRs is to provide levelized unit electricity cost that is
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operate for several years before they are offered for export to developing countries. Bourget 11
(Remy, Brown University student majoring in Middle Eastern Studies and International Relations, with a focus on Global Security. Intern at Center for Advanced Defense Studies, "Small Modular Reactors: Opportunity for Global Leadership and Innovation" Center for Advanced Defense Studies, 7/1/11, http://www.c4ads.org/global-security-monitor/small-modular-reactors-opportunity-global-leadership-and-innovation-http://www.c4ads.org/global-security-monitor/small-modular-reactors-opportunity-global-leadership-and-innovation, SEH) Proliferation is another important security concern, and there are two opposing views in the
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enrich uranium from 20% to 90%, which is weapons-grade. Cleary 12
Richard Cleary, American Enterprise Institute Research Assistant, 8/13/12, Richard Cleary: Persuading Countries to Forgo Nuclear Fuel-Making, npolicy.org/article.php?aid=1192%26tid=30 The examples above show the limitations of both demand and supply side efforts. Supply
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, have not materialized and therefore seem to have had little tangible influence. Fuhrmann 9
Matthew Fuhrmann, Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of South Carolina, Summer 2009, Spreading Temptation: Proliferation and Peaceful Nuclear Cooperation Agreements, http://belfercenter.hks.harvard.edu/files/Spreading-Temptation-Proliferation-and-Peaceful-Nuclear-Cooperation-Agreements.pdf Recent research finds that countries receiving certain "sensitive" nuclear assistance are more likely
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There is no such thing as "proliferation-proof" atomic assistance. Tepperman ’9 (Jonathan Tepperman a journalist based in New York City. "Why Obama should learn to love the bomb" Newsweek Nov 9, 2009 http://jonathantepperman.com/Welcome_files/nukes_Final.pdf-http://jonathantepperman.com/Welcome_files/nukes_Final.pdf)
A growing and compelling body of research suggests that nuclear weapons may not, in
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Since acquiring atomic weapons, the two sides have never fought another war. Asal and Beardsley ’7 (Victor Asal Department of Political Science, State University of New York, Albany and Kyle Beardsley Department of Political Science, Emory University "Proliferation and International Crisis Behavior" Journal of Peace Research 2007; 44; 139)
As Model 1 in Table IV illustrates, all of our variables are statistically significant
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more reduction as the number of nuclear powers involved in the conflict increases. Mueller ’8
(John, poli sci prof at Ohio State Univ, "The Atomic Terrorist: Assessing the Likelihood," 1-1, Prepared for presentation at the Program on International Security Policy, Univ of Chicago, 1-15-2008, http://polisci.osu.edu/faculty/jmueller/APSACHGO.PDF)
Appraising the barriers. As noted earlier, most discussions of atomic terrorism deal rather
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after all, for those menacing and now-legendary invaders from Mars. Mueller ’8
(John, poli sci prof at Ohio State Univ, "The Atomic Terrorist: Assessing the Likelihood," 1-1, Prepared for presentation at the Program on International Security Policy, Univ of Chicago, 1-15-2008, http://polisci.osu.edu/faculty/jmueller/APSACHGO.PDF-http://polisci.osu.edu/faculty/jmueller/APSACHGO.PDF)
It is also worth noting that, although nuclear weapons have been around now for
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Wright 2006, 230-1, 287-88; Cullison 2004). St. Louis Post-Dispatch ’12
~Jeffrey Tomich, http://www.dispatch.com/content/stories/business/2012/05/10/small-problem.html-http://www.dispatch.com/content/stories/business/2012/05/10/small-problem.html ETB~ For all the hype, small reactors are still at least a decade away.
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," Klein said. "We’re going to have to see some built." Magwood, commissioner – NRC, 7/14/’11
(William, "ECONOMICS AND SAFETY OF MODULAR REACTORS; COMMITTEE: SENATE APPROPRIATIONS; SUBCOMMITTEE: ENERGY AND WATER DEVELOPMENT," CQ Congressional Testimony) That is not to say that SMRs are a new idea. The conceptual benefits
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the pebble-bed modular reactor in the early years of this century.
Both efforts proved unable to overcome the economic realities of building and operating nuclear power
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AP- 1000 and the 1600 megawatt Economic Simplified Boiling Water Reactor.2
Around the turn of the century, both DOE and industry became interested in the
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participants began to peel away and eventually the South African project was abandoned.
All small reactor technologies of the past failed to find a way to overcome the
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opportunity to recover these large up-front costs over a reasonable period.
So why is today different from yesterday? The greatest difference is the fact that
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thereby reducing the potential for a serious loss-of- coolant accident.
Very importantly, these new SMRs are much smaller than the systems designed in the 1990s; this choice was made to assure that they could be factory-built and shipped largely intact by rail for deployment. The ability to "manufacture" a reactor rather than "constructing" it on-site could prove to be a major advantage in terms of cost, schedule reliability, and even quality control.
But will innovations like these allow this new breed of SMRs to be successful? Maybe.
Many years of work remain for SMR vendors to refine their designs and allow for
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insufficient to enable vendors to provide utilities with reliable cost and schedule estimates. Scientific America 3/27
(David Biello, "Small Reactors Make a Bid to Revive Nuclear Power¶ Can small, LEGO-like reactors help create better prospects for the nuclear industry?" http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=small-reactors-bid-to-revive-nuclear-power%26print=true-http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=small-reactors-bid-to-revive-nuclear-power%26print=true, SEH) Regardless of how cheap such small modular reactors may allow nuclear to be in future
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in significant quantities has happened. "It ~is~ unlikely that SMRs SMRs will be developed slowly in the status quo - the plan speeds up the process which causes Fukushima-style accidents
Wang 12
Ucilia Wang 12, renewable energy and green tech journalist for Forbes, 1/20/12, "Feds To Finance Small Nuclear Reactor Designs," online: http:~/~/www.forbes.com/sites/uciliawang/2012/01/20/feds-to-finance-small-nuclear-reactor-designs/print/http://www.forbes.com/sites/uciliawang/2012/01/20/feds-to-finance-small-nuclear-reactor-designs/print/ The U.S. Department of Energy on Friday announced a plan to support
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that nuclear power should remain an important part of the country’s energy mix. |
| 10/18/2012 | Tournament: Kentucky | Round: 5 | Opponent: Georgia | Judge: Words and Phrases 8 (Permanent Edition, vol. 20a, p. 207) Colo. 1887. In the Act of 1861 providing that justices of the peace shall have jurisdiction "in" their respective counties to hear and determine all complaints, the word "in" should be construed to mean "throughout" such counties. Reynolds v. Larkin, 14, p. 114, 117, 10 Colo. 126. Webster’s 8 (Merriam-Webster’s Online Collegiate Dictionary, 08, http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/the) 4 — used as a function word before a noun or a substantivized adjective to indicate reference to a group as a whole the elite EPA 6 (EPA, US Environmental Protection Agency Terminology Reference System, 2-1-2006, http://iaspub.epa.gov/trs/trs_proc_qry.alphabet?p_term_nm=U-http://iaspub.epa.gov/trs/trs_proc_qry.alphabet?p_term_nm=U) United States
When used in the geographic sense, means all of the States. Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics -http://iaspub.epa.gov/trs/trs_proc_qry.org_info?P_REG_AUTH_ID=1019%26P_LIST_OPTION_CD=ORG: Commercial Chemical Control Rules-http://iaspub.epa.gov/trs/trs_proc_qry.org_info?P_REG_AUTH_ID=1%26P_DATA_ID=11722%26P_VERSION=1%26P_LIST_OPTION_CD=INFO Term Detail-http://iaspub.epa.gov/trs/trs_proc_qry.navigate_term?p_term_id=292529%26p_term_cd=TERMDIS Violation: The plan doesn’t happen in every state and territoryAND EEZ is not in the USUS Department of State Manual ’12
"7 Fam 1113 Not Included in the Meaning of "in the United States" http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/86755.pdf 7 FAM 1113 NOT INCLUDED IN THE ¶ MEANING OF "IN THE UNITED STATES
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. Nagle, 24 F.2d 316 (9th Cir., 1928)). 1. Limits —- they allow "region of the week" Affs that target specific states or localities —- unique areas like Puerto Rico, federal lands, or "Indian Country" open up huge new research burdens —- limits are key to preparation and clash3. Topicality is a voting issue for fairness and educationText- In a relevant test case, the Supreme Court of the United States should rule the access restrictions on conventional natural gas drilling on federal lands in the Outer Continental Shelf are unconstitutional as applied.Spakosvky %26 Loris 8/13
Offshore Drilling: Increase Access, Reduce the Risk, and Stop Hurting American Companies
By Hans von Spakovsky and Nicolas Loris
August 13, 2012
http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2012/08/offshore-drilling-increase-access-reduce-the-risk-and-stop-hurting-american-companies
Hans A. von Spakovsky is a Senior Legal Fellow in the Center for Legal and Judicial Studies, and Nicolas D. Loris is the Herbert and Joyce Morgan Fellow in the Thomas A. Roe Institute for Economic Policy Studies, at The Heritage Foundation But while this sale was a positive development for American energy production, the Obama
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Ken Salazar, the Secretary of the Department of the Interior.~3~ Devins, ’92
(William and Mary Associate Poli Sci Prof, July, 80 Calif. L. Rev. 1027) Courts matter. They matter a lot. Sometimes their orders set in motion market
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role in our system of separated powers, but they are judicial influences nonetheless Ward ’9
(Artemus Ward, Professor at NIU, Political Foundations of Judicial Supremacy, Congress and The Presidency, pg. 119) After the old order has collapse the once- united, new-regime coalition
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division of labor exists between politicians and judges affiliated with the dominant regime. Cook 10-4
Charlie is a National Journal Columnist and writes the Cook Political Report, "Mitt Romney Breaks his Losing Streak," http://nationaljournal.com/columns/cook-report/the-cook-report-romney-breaks-his-losing-streak-20121004-http://nationaljournal.com/columns/cook-report/the-cook-report-romney-breaks-his-losing-streak-20121004 Too many political observers see politics in an entirely binary way: Everything has to
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a turning point—or a brief interruption—in the campaign narrative. Prandoni 3-30
"Democrat Policies Threaten to Starve American Refiners," http://m.atr.org/article.php?id=6823-http://m.atr.org/article.php?id=6823 With the 2012 election cycle in full swing, yesterday Obama took to the stump
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—it sure would make life for America’s refiners a whole lot easier. Lehrer, 12
(Eli, "How Mitt Romney can win the environmental vote", 6/11, Huffington Post,¶ http://rstreet.org/op-ed/how-mitt-romney-can-win-the-environmental-vote/-http://rstreet.org/op-ed/how-mitt-romney-can-win-the-environmental-vote/ Since the (few) positives in Obama’s record and the incumbency are unalterable,
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to put Romney over the top. So how can he do it?
China label kills relations and the economyRoach 8-28
Stephen is a lecturer at Yale University’s School of Management and Jackson Institute for International Affairs. He is also a Senior executive with Morgan Stanley, "How Romney Could go Wrong from Day 1," http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/c74802de-f0f9-11e1-89b2-00144feabdc0.html~~%23axzz25ue916Yz-http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/c74802de-f0f9-11e1-89b2-00144feabdc0.html True to his word as a candidate, a few hours after taking office as
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economic policy blunder. Bad dreams can – and have – become reality. EXPANDING NATURAL GAS INFRASTRUCTURE IS KEY TO ENABLE ENVIRONMENTAL EXPLOITATION TO DESTROY THE GLOBE FOR PROFIT— THEIR EV IS EQUIVALENT TO INDUSTRY PROPAGANDA. IMPACT IS EXTINCTION.CHARMAN 2K10
~Karen, Trashing the Planet for Natural Gas: Shale Gas Development Threatens
Freshwater Sources, Likely Escalates Climate Destabilization, Capitalism Nature and
Socialism, 21:4, 72-82~ As the large, easy reservoirs of fossil fuels are exhausted, the capitalist machine
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profitability while limiting liability for the direct and indirect harm they¶ cause. EXPANDING NATURAL GAS DEMAND AND INFRASTRUCTURE IS THE OPERATIVE LYNCHPIN OF A CYCLE OF CAPITALIST EXPLOITATION. THERE IS AN ETHICAL OBLIGATION TO INTERRUPT THIS DRIVE TOWARDS DESTRUCTION OF THE GLOBE.CHARMAN 2K10
~Karen, Trashing the Planet for Natural Gas: Shale Gas Development Threatens
Freshwater Sources, Likely Escalates Climate Destabilization, Capitalism Nature and
Socialism, 21:4, 72-82~ Despite increasing evidence of the danger and irreversible ecological damage¶ in areas where horizontal
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its short-term profit-driven death¶ grip on the planet. ====Pushing for U.S. gas hegemony causes blowback by China, increased European dependency on Russia, and loss of influence in South America and the Middle East – turns their heg impact==== Hulbert 11/20/2011
(Matthew, specialises in energy security and political risk and is a regular contributor to European Energy Review; " Why "energy independence" means less power for the US, not more," European Energy Review http://www.europeanenergyreview.eu/site/pagina.php?id=3346-http://www.europeanenergyreview.eu/site/pagina.php?id=3346 – Kurr) But even with these health warnings in place, the bottom line (irrespective of
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this sense, American independence might take on a whole new transatlantic definition. China and OPEC politics means there’s no benefit to establishing the U.S. as a gas hegemon Klare 6/25/2012
(Michael T., professor of peace and world security studies at Hampshire College; "Is Barack Obama morphing into Dick Cheney?," European Energy Review http://www.europeanenergyreview.eu/site/pagina.php?id=3774~~%23artikel_3774-http://www.europeanenergyreview.eu/site/pagina.php?id=3774 – Kurr) Obama as Cheney This four-part geopolitical blueprint, relentlessly pursued by Cheney while
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but copying the Cheney energy blueprint is bound to produce the exact opposite. The Unipolar Moment is over and can’t be recovered – 08 financial crash means the US can’t prevent competitionRachman 11
(Gideon Rachman, Financial Times chief foreign affairs commentator, Zero-Sum Future, 2011, pp 3-4) But the economic crisis that struck the world in 2008 has changed the logic of
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the "unipolar moment" that began with the collapse of the Soviet Union Cohen ’12
~Michael A. Cohen is a regular columnist for Foreign Policy’s Election 2012 Channel and a fellow at the Century Foundation. http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2012/02/21/rotting_from_the_inside_out?page=full-http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2012/02/21/rotting_from_the_inside_out?page=full ETB~ There is, however, one serious problem with this analysis. Any discussion of
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them are generally considered elements of national security, perhaps they should be. A. No threats require primacy and other factors ensure security.Friedman and Preble 10 (Benjamin Friedman is a research fellow in defense and homeland security studies at the Cato Institute, Christopher Preble is director of foreign policy studies at the Cato Institute, Budgetary Savings from Military Restraint, September 22, 2010 Cato Policy Analysis No. 667 September 23, 2010 http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/PA667.pdf-http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/PA667.pdf The United States confuses what it wants from its military, which is global primacy
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resentment. Global military primacy is a game not worth the candle.56 Zakaria 08 (Fareed Zakaria, editor of Newsweek International, 2008, The Post-American World, p. 244)
In certain areas – the South China Sea, for example – U.S
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futile and unnecessary. Small work-arounds might be just as effective. Wallace 7/17
(Christopher, Former private equity fund manager, now full time private investor; 7/17/2012, "Natural Gas: Movements Into Storage Suggest Glut Will Soon Disappear," Seeking Alpha, http://seekingalpha.com/article/725781-natural-gas-movements-into-storage-suggest-glut-will-soon-disappear-http://seekingalpha.com/article/725781-natural-gas-movements-into-storage-suggest-glut-will-soon-disappear - Kurr)
How much of a glut is there?¶ The glut was significant, about 60
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frame for this to occur should be measured in months, not years. Popping the bubble turns the aff and causes a supply crunchBusiness Insider 7/4
("Looking Ahead to the Next Oil Price Spike and the Threat of War," 7/4/2012 Lexis - Kurr)
The difficulty is that an analogous scenario has unfolded before, in the natural gas
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Dawn.Those involved in unconventional oil would do well to take note. Maykuth 9/27
(Andrew, 2012, "Awash with natural gas, industry eyes exporting fuel" Philadelphia Inquirer, http://seattletimes.com/html/businesstechnology/2019281613_naturalgasexportsxml.html-http://seattletimes.com/html/businesstechnology/2019281613_naturalgasexportsxml.html) But proposals to build more LNG export terminals are controversial. Three Pacific Northwest proposals, two in Oregon and at least one in British Columbia, face opposition as fierce as the coal-export terminals proposed in Bellingham and Grays Harbor. And some American chemical producers fear that shipping LNG to foreign consumers would make gas scarce here, just as the industry is undergoing a revival thanks to abundant supplies of natural gas, a principal raw material. American Public Gas Association, the trade group for utilities, has said that exports would produce "predictable and disastrous" results for household consumers. Environmental groups like the Sierra Club have opposed new export terminals because they would induce more drilling, causing more environmental impact. Others appeal to patriotic sentiments to block exports. T. Boone Pickens, who wants to replace imports of crude oil from unfriendly nations, thinks it would be folly to export natural gas. The Energy Department is studying the economic effects of expanding LNG exports, but Reuters reported last week that the Obama administration delayed the release of the report until after the November election.Squo has solved the FTA – their card is discussing Korea, Colombia, and Panama FTA’s that have been ratifiedSmith 11 (Rod, Editor – Feedstuffs, "US Trade Leadership Slipping," Feedstuffs Food Link, 6-24, http://www.feedstuffsfoodlink.com/ME2/dirmod.asp?sid=andnm=andtype=newsandmod=Newsandmid=9A02E3B96F2A415ABC72CB5F516B4C10andtier=3andnid=FAA1AC2A45944313AAC3C0F446B2E2C4)
THE number of bilateral and regional free trade …. but our leadership in the world. However, the U.S., once the world’s vanguard in negotiating trade agreements and urging fair and free trade, is rapidly sliding into the background as other countries and regions implement trade pacts in which the U.S. is not a member. This not only affects our economic health but our leadership in the world. THEIR CARD ENDS President Barack Obama has said he believes in trade and wants the U.S
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the U.S. back into its prominent role in global trade. Gordon 12
(Bernard, Professor Emeritus of Political Science at the University of New Hampshire. He is the author of America’s Trade Follies and a forthcoming book about the Trans-Pacific Partnership; Jul/Aug, "Trading Up in Asia," Foreign Affairs, Vol. 91, Iss. 4 – Kurr) PROPERTY WRONGS Even as Washington hopes that its efforts to shape the TPP will sooth
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modifications to existing formulas," thereby preventing the introduction of cheaper generic drugs. No Impact to rare earth minerals- alternatives and market shift solveBroadband ’11 (October 26, 2011 http://www.voanews.com/english/news/asia/Chinas-Rare-Earth-Minerals-Supply-Manipulation-Could-Backfire-132605798.html Manipulation of China’s Rare Earth Minerals Supply Could Backfire Ivan Broadband | Hong Kong
Unlike previous occasions when Beijing has manipulated supply, the world is now looking increasingly
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mine to be one of the world’s largest rare earth suppliers by 2014. Bosco 12
David Bosco 1-30, assistant professor at American University’s School of International Service, January 30, 2012, "WTO rules against China on ’rare earth’ minerals," online: http://bosco.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2012/01/30/wto_rules_against_china_on_rare_earth_minerals-http://bosco.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2012/01/30/wto_rules_against_china_on_rare_earth_minerals The World Trade Organization’s appellate body ruled today-http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5iQWDjbSMV_bSItDoHNC6x4tq31qA?docId=CNG.fab869aea95c0cb3ce801070fba43334.271 that China’s restrictions on the export of
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the materials they need to produce and compete on a level playing field. Domestic production and E-waste recycling make China irrelevant by next year- and demand increase inevitableKaye 11
Leon Kaye 12-6, editor of GreenGoPost and contributor to The Guardian’s Sustainable Business section, December 6, 2011, "Conflicted Rare Earth Minerals Prices to Decline," online: http://www.triplepundit.com/2011/12/rare-earth-minerals-prices/-http://www.triplepundit.com/2011/12/rare-earth-minerals-prices/ Now various reports-http://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/17/business/global/prices-of-rare-earth-metals-declining-sharply.html suggest that prices for these materials will start trending downward.¶ Global
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more innovative products that will benefit all of us in the long run. *DoD will step in to prevent shortages from affecting the military, new producers will fill-in, and domestic suppliers will meet defense needs by 2013 Bloomberg ’12
http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-04-09/rare-earths-shortage-would-spur-pentagon-to-action.html-http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-04-09/rare-earths-shortage-would-spur-pentagon-to-action.html ETB The Defense Department would intervene in case of a shortage of rare earth materials for
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which materials went into what components and of available alternatives, he said. No rise of protectionism and any rise wouldn’t cause extinctionNaim 10 – editor in chief of foreign policy magazine
Moises Naim, Editor in Chief of Foreign Policy Magazine. Foreign Policy. "It Didn’t Happen". January/February 2010. http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2010/01/04/it_didnt_happen?page=full
Protectionism will surge. It didn’t. Trade flows did drop dramatically in late 2008
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trade barriers cannot be ruled out. But it has not happened yet. Rajiv Kumar, 11/12/08, Protectionism and Obama, p. http://www.mydigitalfc.com/opinion/protectionism-and-obama
President designate Obama, while he can, of course, take the protectionist route
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actual imposition of higher tariff or non-tariff walls by the US. |
| 10/18/2012 | Tournament: Kentucky | Round: 8 | Opponent: Kansas CG | Judge: ===1NC- T=== Czinkota et al, 9 - Associate Professor at the McDonough School of Business at Georgetown University (Michael, Fundamentals of International Business, p. 69 – google books) Incentives offered by policymakers to facilitate foreign investments are mainly of three types: fiscal
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import quotas, and local content requirements, and investments in infrastructure facilities. Random House 12 (Unabridged Dictionary, "in", http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/in?s=t) in ~in~ Show IPA preposition, adverb, adjective, noun, verb, inned, in•ning.
preposition - (used to indicate inclusion within space, a place, or limits): walking in the park.
2. (used to indicate inclusion within something abstract or immaterial): in politics; in the autumn.
3. (used to indicate inclusion within or occurrence during a period or limit of time): in ancient times; a task done in ten minutes.
4. (used to indicate limitation or qualification, as of situation, condition, relation, manner, action, etc.): to speak in a whisper; to be similar in appearance.
5. (used to indicate means): sketched in ink; spoken in French.
Encarta 7 (Dictionary Online, "United States", http://encarta.msn.com/encnet/features/dictionary/DictionaryResults.aspx?refid=1861708119) U•nit•ed States ~ y ntəd stáyts-http://encarta.msn.com/encnet/features/dictionary/Pronounce.aspx?search=United+States ~ country in central North America, consisting of 50 states.
Languages: English.
Currency: dollar.
Capital: Washington, D.C..
Population: 290,342,550 (2001).
Area: 9,629,047 sq km (3,717,796 sq mi.)
Official name United States of America Pambazuka News ’11 (nexis) For more than three decades, Kaku has been a supporter of the solar revolution
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destruction (à la Schumpeter) of the existing conventional energy industry.’ Bornemann ’98
(Lauren S.-B, "ARTICLE: THIS IS GROUND CONTROL TO MAJOR TOM ... YOUR WIFE WOULD LIKE TO SUE BUT THERE’S NOTHING WE CAN DO * ... THE UNLIKELIHOOD THAT THE FTCA WAIVES SOVEREIGN IMMUNITY FOR TORTS COMMITTED BY UNITED STATES EMPLOYEES IN OUTER SPACE: A CALL FOR PREEMPTIVE LEGISLATION" 63 J. Air L. %26 Com. 517)
Finally, the Court relied on the "longstanding principle of American law ’that legislation
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, then surely it be lieves it subject to a presumption against extraterrestriality. Limits —- they explode the topic, allowing investment anywhere in the world —- makes international Affs with unique, unpredictable advantages topical—- and makes the entire space topic Aff ground —- both make research impossible. And they make DOD purchasing any type of tech topical- leads to virtually unlimited military affGround —- best links to spending, politics, and private-sector crowd-out DAs assume the United States and financial incentivesD. Topicality is a voting issue for fairness and educationTHE AFFIRMATIVE’S STRATEGY OF ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITIZATION EMPIRICALLY FAILS TO MOTIVATE SUCCESSFUL ACTION AND BECOMES A SELF-FULFILLING PROPHECYAhmed 11
Dr. Nafeez Mosaddeq Ahmed is Executive Director of the Institute for Policy Research and Development (IPRD), an independent think tank focused on the study of violent conflict, he has taught at the Department of International Relations, University of Sussex "The international relations of crisis and the crisis of international relations: from the securitisation of scarcity to the militarisation of society" Global Change, Peace %26 Security Volume 23, Issue 3, 2011 Taylor Francis The twenty-first century heralds the unprecedented acceleration and convergence of multiple, interconnected
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turn radicalising the processes of social polarisation that can culminate in violent conflict. SECURITIZING ENERGY SCARCITY FAILS AND CAUSES MORE LONG-TERM DESTRUCTION AND MILITARY CONFLICT. UNIQUELY TURNS THE CASE.Ahmed 2k11
~nafeez mosaddeq, department of ir at university of essex, "the international relations crisis and the crisis of international relations: from the securitization of scarcity to the militarization of society", Executive Director of the Institute for Policy Research and Development, an independent think tank focused on the study of violent conflict in the context of global ecological, energy and economic crises, global change, peace and security, vol 23, no 3, October~ In one salient example, O’Keefe draws extensively on both offensive and defensive variants of
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so in the name of warding off collective destruction if not planetary annihilation? Cudworth and Hobden 2k10
~Erika and Stephen professors university of east London securing what for whom? Multiple complex inequalities and the politics of environmental security in Europe European Consortium for Political Research~ A full discussion of the concepts that underlie the notion of complex ecology is developed
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alongside initiatives for ’mitigation’ of and ’adaptation’ to environmental ’problems’. Cook 10-4
Charlie is a National Journal Columnist and writes the Cook Political Report, "Mitt Romney Breaks his Losing Streak," http://nationaljournal.com/columns/cook-report/the-cook-report-romney-breaks-his-losing-streak-20121004-http://nationaljournal.com/columns/cook-report/the-cook-report-romney-breaks-his-losing-streak-20121004 Too many political observers see politics in an entirely binary way: Everything has to
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a turning point—or a brief interruption—in the campaign narrative. Bloomberg 6-28
"Abound Failure Revives Debate over Obama Solar Policies," http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-06-29/abound-failure-revives-debate-over-obama-solar-policies.html-http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-06-29/abound-failure-revives-debate-over-obama-solar-policies.html The failure of a second solar manufacturer that received loan guarantees from the U.
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adds to the weight of how ridiculous this was," Jordan told reporters. Approval Rating is key, lines up perfectly with reelection
Silver ’11
Nate directs five thirty eight and is a statistician, "Approval Ratings and Reelection Odds," http://fivethirtyeight.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/01/28/approval-ratings-and-re-election-odds/-http://fivethirtyeight.blogs.nytimes.com/2011/01/28/approval-ratings-and-re-election-odds/ Earlier this month, we posted the simple version of a finding, based on
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— and that would not have been true a couple of months ago. China label kills relations and the economyRoach 8-28
Stephen is a lecturer at Yale University’s School of Management and Jackson Institute for International Affairs. He is also a Senior executive with Morgan Stanley, "How Romney Could go Wrong from Day 1," http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/c74802de-f0f9-11e1-89b2-00144feabdc0.html~~%23axzz25ue916Yz-http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/c74802de-f0f9-11e1-89b2-00144feabdc0.html True to his word as a candidate, a few hours after taking office as
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economic policy blunder. Bad dreams can – and have – become reality. Harris and Burrows, 09 –
PhD in European History @ Cambridge and Counselor of the US National Intelligence Council AND Member of the National Intelligence Council’s Long Range Analysis Unit (Mathew J. and Jennifer, "Revisiting the Future: Geopolitical Effects of the Financial Crisis," April, Washington Quarterly, http://www.twq.com/09april/docs/09apr_Burrows.pdf-http://www.twq.com/09april/docs/09apr_Burrows.pdf)
Of course, the report encompasses more than economics and indeed believes the future is
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within and between states in a more dog-eat-dog world. ====China is not a space challenger to the US - status quo success gives the CCP legitimacy at home====
Wiggin 10
(Stuart, is a freelance writer based in Beijing, "Asian space race more about prestige than power" http://opinion.globaltimes.cn/foreign-view/2011-04/585161.html-http://opinion.globaltimes.cn/foreign-view/2011-04/585161.html Donnie) At the start of this month China launched its first lunar probe. This was
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shorten the gap (between China and the US/Russia) fast." China faces Herculean challenges on a daily basis keeping its population employed, fed,
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poster boy for the Chinese leadership and the role model for China’s youth. Yee 2
Professor of Politics and International Relations at the Hong Kong Baptist University and Storey, Lecturer in Defence Studies at Deakin University, (Herbert Yee, Professor of Politics and International Relations at the Hong Kong Baptist University and Ian Storey, Lecturer in Defence Studies at Deakin University, 2002, "The China Threat: Perceptions, Myths and Reality," p5) The fourth factor contributing to the perception of a China threat is the fear of
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disintegrating China would also pose a threat to its neighbours and the world. USA Today 8-1
"Similar Blackout is unlikely in the U.S.," USA Today page 8-1 A massive, countrywide power failure like the one in India is "extremely unlikely
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the chance of that interconnection breaking up is always there," he said. Pike Research 11,
market research and consulting firm that provides in-depth analysis of global clean technology markets, 9/16/’11
(http://www.pikeresearch.com/newsroom/military-microgrid-capacity-to-experience-more-than-700-growth-by-2017-http://www.pikeresearch.com/newsroom/military-microgrid-capacity-to-experience-more-than-700-growth-by-2017) ¶ Military Microgrid Capacity to Experience More than 700% Growth by 2017¶ September
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companies including Lockheed Martin, GE, Honeywell, Boeing, and Eaton. The Unipolar Moment is over and can’t be recovered – 08 financial crash means the US can’t prevent competitionRachman 11
(Gideon Rachman, Financial Times chief foreign affairs commentator, Zero-Sum Future, 2011, pp 3-4) But the economic crisis that struck the world in 2008 has changed the logic of
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the "unipolar moment" that began with the collapse of the Soviet Union Cohen ’12
~Michael A. Cohen is a regular columnist for Foreign Policy’s Election 2012 Channel and a fellow at the Century Foundation. http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2012/02/21/rotting_from_the_inside_out?page=full-http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2012/02/21/rotting_from_the_inside_out?page=full ETB~ There is, however, one serious problem with this analysis. Any discussion of
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them are generally considered elements of national security, perhaps they should be. A. No threats require primacy and other factors ensure security.Friedman and Preble 10 (Benjamin Friedman is a research fellow in defense and homeland security studies at the Cato Institute, Christopher Preble is director of foreign policy studies at the Cato Institute, Budgetary Savings from Military Restraint, September 22, 2010 Cato Policy Analysis No. 667 September 23, 2010 http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/PA667.pdf-http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/PA667.pdf The United States confuses what it wants from its military, which is global primacy
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resentment. Global military primacy is a game not worth the candle.56 Zakaria 08 (Fareed Zakaria, editor of Newsweek International, 2008, The Post-American World, p. 244)
In certain areas – the South China Sea, for example – U.S
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futile and unnecessary. Small work-arounds might be just as effective. Empirics and studies are conclusive – resource wars don’t happenSalehyan ’7
~Idean Salehyan, assistant professor of political science at the University of North Texas. "The New Myth About Climate Change", Foreign Policy, August 2007, http://www.foreignpolicy.com/story/cms.php?story_id=3922-http://www.foreignpolicy.com/story/cms.php?story_id=3922~~ First, aside from a few anecdotes, there is little systematic empirical evidence that
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there is much more to armed conflict than resource scarcity and natural disasters. Ikenberry 10 (G. John, Albert G. Milbank Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University and a Global Eminence Scholar at Kyung Hee University, Korea"The Liberal International Order and its Discontents," Millennium – Journal of International Studies 2010; 38; 509)
There are also reasons to think that this liberal order will persist, even if
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provides attractions and benefits to most states within it and on its edges. Globus, 2008,
Spring 2008 (Al, space expert, "On The Moon," Ad Astra, http://www.nss.org/adastra/AdAstra-SBSP-2008.pdf-http://www.nss.org/adastra/AdAstra-SBSP-2008.pdf) While it has been suggested that in the long term, space solar power (
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rate. There are two major issues with a very high launch rate. No impact—threat overestimated and global warming is solved by adaptation and mitigation.Mendelsohn 9,
(Robert O. the Edwin Weyerhaeuser Davis Professor, Yale School of¶ Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, June 2009, "Climate Change and¶ Economic Growth," online: http://www.growthcommission.org/storage/cgdev/documents/¶ gcwp060web.pdf The heart of the debate about climate change comes from a number of warnings from
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range climate risks. What is needed are long-run balanced responses. AP 9
(Associated Press, Six Degree Temperature Rise by 2100 is Inevitable: UNEP, September 24, http://www.speedy-fit.co.uk/index2.php?option=com_content%26do_pdf=1%26id=168-http://www.speedy-fit.co.uk/index2.php?option=com_content%26do_pdf=1%26id=168)
Earth’s temperature is likely to jump six degrees between now and the end of the
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He said seas should rise about a foot every 20 to 25 years. Watts 12
Watts, 25-year climate reporter, works with weather technology, weather stations, and weather data processing systems in the private sector, 7/25/’12
(Anthony, http://wattsupwiththat.com/2012/07/25/lindzen-at-sandia-national-labs-climate-models-are-flawed/-http://wattsupwiththat.com/2012/07/25/lindzen-at-sandia-national-labs-climate-models-are-flawed/) ALBUQUERQUE, N.M. — Massachusetts Institute of Technology professor Richard Lindzen,
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rising, he said temperatures are always fluctuating by tenths of a degree. No impact to ocean acidification and its not caused by anthropogenic warmingEschenbach 10 cites Robert Byrne, Ph.D from University of Rhode Island, Professor of Seawater Physical Chemistry at the University of South Florida
Willis "The Electric Oceanic Acid Test" ~http://wattsupwiththat.com/2010/06/19/the-electric-oceanic-acid-test/~~%23more-20792-http://wattsupwiththat.com/2010/06/19/the-electric-oceanic-acid-test/ SJE~ June 19
There is a recent and interesting study in GRL by Byrne et al., entitled
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Twain, "The reports of the ocean’s death have been greatly exaggerated." Oceans can easily survive acidification
Ridley 10 (Matt, Doctor of Philosophy in Zoology, June 15, http://www.thegwpf.org/the-observatory/1106-matt-ridley-threat-from-ocean-acidification-greatly-exaggerated.html, JM)
Lest my critics still accuse me of cherry-picking studies, let me refer
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latest empirical and theoretical research suggests that the likely impact has been exaggerated. Ross et al 9
(Martin Ross The Aerospace Corporation, Los Angeles , Darin Toohey University of Colorado , Manfred Peinemann The Aerospace Corporation, Los Angeles %26 Patrick Ross Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University "Limits on the Space Launch Market Related to Stratospheric Ozone Depletion" http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/14777620902768867-http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/14777620902768867 Combustion emissions from rocket launches change the composition of the atmosphere. The changes can
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such significant increase in demand for orbital launches on the global ozone layer. Paul Evans, 2009, Feb 23, 2009, (Gizmag, Solar power beamed from space within a decade?, http://www.gizmag.com/solar-power-space-satellite/11064/-http://www.gizmag.com/solar-power-space-satellite/11064/) February 23, 2009 The concept of Space-Based Solar Power-http://www.gizmag.com/the-solar-power-satellite-broadcasts-energy-to-earth/10290/ (SBSP)
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power over twenty thousand times further than has ever been achieved to date. Day 08
Washington D.C.-Based Space Policy Analyst¶ ~Dwayne A., Knights in shining armor, The Space Review, (http://www.thespacereview.com/article/1147/1-http://www.thespacereview.com/article/1147/1)~~ The NSSO study is remarkably sensible and even-handed and states that we are
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The activists have ignored the message and fallen in love with the messenger. |
| 11/07/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: |
| 11/09/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
1) Interpretation: The ballot is to determine if the enactment of a topical plan is better than the status quo or a competitive option.
2) Violation:
A) "Resolved" before a colon reflects a legislative forum
Army Officer School, ’4
(5-12, "%23 12, Punctuation – The Colon and Semicolon", ~http://usawocc.army.mil/IMI/wg12.htm-http://usawocc.army.mil/IMI/wg12.htm~~~) The colon introduces the following: a. A list, but only after "
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resolved:"¶ Resolved: (colon) That this council petition the mayor. B) USFG is the national government in DC.
Encarta Online Encyclopedia, 2k
(http://encarta.msn.com) "The federal government of the United States is centered in Washington DC" C) Should means there is a practical reason for action
WordNet in ’97
Princeton University, 1.6 Should v 1 : be expected to: "Parties should be fun" 2 : expresses an emotional, practical, or other reason for doing something: "You had better put on warm clothes"; "You should call your mother-in-law"; "The State ought to repair bridges" syn: had better, ought 3) Vote Negative:
Limits on what can be debated protect subversion and meaningful debate.
Shively, 2K
(Former Assistant Politics Professor – Texas A%26M, Partisan Politics and Political Theory, pp. 181-4, We have the full text of the card if you want to see it) At the very least, we must agree about what it is that is being
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speech and action from violence, manipulation, and other forms of tyranny. And, fair division of ground is necessary for meaningful switch-side debate – switch-side debating cultivates a civic attitude which threatens fundamentalism and turns debate into a training ground for progressive politics
Mitchell et al. 07
(Gordon, Eric English, Stephen Llano, Catherine E. Morrison, John Rief, and Carly Woods, Pitt Comm Studies Grad Students, Gordon Mitchell is an Associate Comm Studies Professor @ Pitt, Communication %26 Critical/Cultural Studies 4) The problem for Greene and Hicks is that this notion of citizenship becomes tied to
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heirs to brand the activity as a ’’weapon of mass destruction.’’ Dialogue is critical to affirming any value—shutting down deliberation devolves into totalitarianism and reinscribes oppression
Morson 4
http://www.flt.uae.ac.ma/elhirech/baktine/0521831059.pdf~~%23page=331
Northwestern Professor, Prof. Morson’s work ranges over a variety of areas: literary theory (especially narrative); the history of ideas, both Russian and European; a variety of literary genres (especially satire, utopia, and the novel); and his favorite writers — Chekhov, Gogol, and, above all, Dostoevsky and Tolstoy. He is especially interested in the relation of literature to philosophy. Bakhtin viewed the whole process of "ideological" (in the sense of
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proceed in much the same way, in an ongoing spiral of intolerance.
They will say we exclude their argument
Not unique – rules and constraints are inevitable in debate – we should instead debate about what rules should guide the discussion – this argument begs the question of our procedural objection to their affirmative There’s no impact to this violence or exclusion – voting against them because their advocacy is unfair doesn’t actually hurt them at all nor does it deal a blow to their project because it will just force them to craft their advocacy in a way that is more fair and thus more successful They link worse - we articulate a vision of debate that is open to their arguments: they can read whatever they want on the neg, and any critical arguments that are solved by adoption of the affirmative. They exclude any consideration of our arguments against instrumental adoption of their policy, turning debate into a closed-circuit.
Policy-oriented and research-intensive debate is critical to empower minority students
Warner and Bruschke ’01
(Ede, Professor – U Louisville and Jon, Professor – Cal State Fullerton, "’Gone on Debating’: Competitive Academic Debate as a Tool of Empowerment in Urban America") Education has long been a key facet of empowerment. Galston (1996) has
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gives students the experience of competing against someone from a different socioeconomic level. Activism in debate doesn’t work
Solt ’04
(Roger, Debate Coach – U. Kentucky, "Debate’s Culture of Narcissism", Contemporary Argumentation and Debate, Vol. 25, p. 46) In another early formulation, critical argument was deemed preferable because, unlike arguments resting
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for their beliefs than the outcomes of fast, short, competitive debates. Attempting to create recognition through competition generates backlash.
Atchison and Panetta, 09
(Jarrod Atchison, Phd Rhetoric University of Georgia, Assistant Professor and Director of debate at Wake Forest University, and Edward Panetta, Phd Rhetoric Associate Professor University of Pitt and Director of Debate at Georgia, Intercollegiate Debate and Speech Communication, Historical Developments and Issues for the Future, "Intercollegiate Debate and Speech Communication: Issues for the Future," The Sage Handbook of Rhetorical Studies, Lunsford, Andrea, ed. (Los Angeles: Sage Publications Inc., 2009) Competition has been a critical component of the interest in intercollegiate debate from the beginning
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what is best for promoting solutions to diversity problems in the debate community.
Using debate as a site for activism this collapses the potential of debate
Talisse 5
—Professor of Philosophy @Vandy¶ Robert, Philosophy %26 Social Criticism, Deliberativist responses to activist challenges, 31(4) p. 429-431 The activist implicitly holds that there could be no reasoned objection to his view concering
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as presented by Young’s activist, is an unreasonable model of political engagement. Even if they win we don’t gain access to the state - it’s still good – builds coalitions and stops violence
Rawls ’99
John Rawls, The Law of Peoples, ’99, p. 56-57 To answer this question, we say that, ideally, citizens are to think
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part of the political and social basis of peace and understanding among peoples. And, scientific and instrumental argumentation and research is key to motivate legislative fence-sitters. Their critical approach is just preaching to the choir which endangers public and decision-making backlashes which turn the case. Only our interp can generate the public debates necessary to ensure survival.
Brown 2k11
heath, PhD Political Science, Roanoke, Salem, VA, "narrative strategies used by interest groups during the 2008 presidental transition", 2011 Pat-Net Conference
Milbrath argues that interest groups must strategically present information so as to ¶ overcome the
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the strategies employed and ¶ therefore the content of information presented during lobbying. Prefer our framework – Policy role-play doesn’t indoctrinate or get stale – makes best Real World education.
Joyner ’99
(Christopher C., Professor of International Law at Georgetown, "Teaching International Law", 5 Ilsa. J. Int’l %26 Comp. L. 377, Lexis) Use of the debate can be an effective pedagogical tool for education in the social
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the real world of policy analysis, political critique, and legal defense. |
| 11/09/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
CP text: the 50 States and all relevant Territories should enter into a compact that requires all signatories to accept all liability imposed by the Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act for the production and construction of wind projects on Brownfields.
The Compact should collect revenue via a Clean Energy Community Finance Initiative. Federal support not needed – state policies are more important.
Ronald H. Rosenberg 9, *Associate Dean of Academic Affairs, Chancellor Professor of Law, William and Mary Law School (North Dakota LR, http://web.law.und.edu/lawreview/issues/web_assets/pdf/85/85-4/85NDLR781.pdf)
This article will concentrate on the third element necessary for the future growth of wind
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be a necessary condition for the longterm development of wind power in America. Compacts solve faster than the federal government
Mountjoy ’01
John is a policy analyst with the council of State Governments, "Interstate Compacts Make a Comeback," Spring http://www.csg.org/knowledgecenter/docs/ncic/Comeback.pdf-http://www.csg.org/knowledgecenter/docs/ncic/Comeback.pdf Some may question the need for interstate compacts to address multi-state policy issues
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not, federal preemption in certain policy areas is a distinct ¶ possibility. |
| 11/09/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
BROWNFIELDS ARE JUST A BENEVOLENT GUISE FOR URBAN REDEVELOPMENT FOR CORPORATE PROFIT.
Wilson and butler 2k2
Daniel and tara, the new market frontier: unlocking community capitalism through Brownfields Redevelopment, brownfields a comprehensive guide to redeveloping contaminated property The architect is a designer, coalition builder, problem solver, mediator, advocate
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sites can be transformed¶ from environmentally contaminated landscapes to thriving urban meccas. This drive to accumulate is the root cause of exploitation, imperialism, war and eco-doom – threatens our extinction
Foster 07 (John Bellamy, University of Oregon, "The Ecology of Destruction," MONTHLY REVIEW, February 2007, www.monthlyreview.org/0207jbf.htm, accessed 3-27-08.)
My intention here is not of course to recount Pontecorvo’s entire extraordinary film, but
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the entire capitalist world economy, encompassing the planet as a whole.3 The Alternative is to Reject the Aff.
ECOLOGICAL CATASTROPHE NECESSITATES REJCTING MINOR FIXES TO ECOLOGICAL EXPLOITATION IN ORDER TO ENSURE SURVIVAL.
Foster 2k11
john bellamy, professor of sociology at the University of Oregon and also editor of Monthly Review, Since the Great Financial Crisis hit in 2008, Foster has been sought out by academics, activists, the media, and the general public as a result of his earlier prescient writings on the coming crisis. He has given numerous interviews, talks, and invited lectures, as well as written invited commentary, articles, and books on the subject
In the twenty-first century it is customary to view the rise of planetary
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and sustainable human development; a socialism for the twenty-first century. |
| 11/09/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Picking winners bad—distorts the market, causes trade-offs and deters private capital
Veronique de Rugy 6/19/2012 (Senior research fellow at the Mercatus Center, "Assessing the Department of Energy Loan Guarantee Program" mercatus.org/publication/assessing-department-energy-loan-guarantee-program) This government involvement can distort the market signals further. For instance, the data
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themselves away from producing what customers want, toward pleasing the government officials. Causes crowd-out—decreases domestic investments and innovations
Veronique de Rugy 6/19/2012 (Senior research fellow at the Mercatus Center, "Assessing the Department of Energy Loan Guarantee Program" mercatus.org/publication/assessing-department-energy-loan-guarantee-program 4. Crowding Out To some (for example, those lucky enough to receive
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earning prospects will dim, and our future living standards could suffer. |
| 11/09/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Debates about ontology are irrelevant to real world policy debates – pragmatism is more effective at facilitating social change
David McClean. 2001. philosopher, writer and business consultant, conducted graduate work in philosophy at NYU. "The cultural left and the limits of social hope" http://www.american-philosophy.org/archives/past_conference_programs/pc2001/Discussion%20papers/david_mcclean.htm
There is a lot of philosophical prose on the general subject of social justice.
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if we treat policy and reform as more important than Spirit and Utopia. World War II proves that attempting to predict the impact of a particular ontology is futile – it cannot explain why modernity produced varying responses to the conflict within the same population from genocidal nationalist militarism to pacificsm.
Ontology has no political impact
Srnicek 09 Nick, Ph.D Candidate in International Relations @ the London School of Economics, "Notes on Ontology and Politics," http://accursedshare.blogspot.com/2009/01/some-notes-on-ontology-and-politics.html~~ It seems to me that one of the most contentious and unremarked upon effects of
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an ontological category, its political content is entirely underdetermined by ontological reasoning.) |
| 11/09/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Predictions are accurate enough and should be used as a basis for political action
Chernoff 2009. Fred, Prof. IR and Dir. IR – Colgate U., European Journal of International Relations, "Conventionalism as an Adequate Basis for Policy-Relevant IR Theory", 15:1
For these and other reasons, many social theorists and social scientists have come to
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commitment to both of these conclusions should be evident from the foregoing discussion. |
| 11/09/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Institutional checks on biopower can be effective
Nasser Hussain and Melissa Ptacek. 2000. Department of History, University of California, Berkeley, Law And Society Review, v34 n2. Here once again we are forced to question Agamben’s teleological mode of thought. Is
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this regard, we find his concluding musings on Heidigger to be suggestive. |
| 11/09/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
THE WORKING CLASS MUST COALESCE IN MATERIAL ACTION AGAINST FINANCIAL EXPLOITATION ESPECIALLY IN THE CONTEXT OF ENERGY PLANNING. THE AFF’S NOTION OF AGENCY UNIQUELY UNDERMINES THE MATERIALIST ANTI-CAPITALIST REVOLUTIONARY KNOWLEDGE KEY TO SURVIVAL. Callinicos 2k10
Alex, Bonfire of Illusions: The Twin Crisis of the Liberal World, Polity, professor of European studies King’s College – London, DPhil – Oxford, p. 139-43
There are other strong reasons to press for a break with the logic of competitive
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to rise. The most plausible explanation appeals to the logic of competition.
The problem is, yet again, one of collective action. Evi- dently
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are widened, allowing the billions of victims of capitalism finally to escape. , THE AFFIRMATIVE’S CLAIM TO PERFORMATIVELY EFFECT CHANGE AGAINST CAPITALISM LOCATES AGENCY IN RHETORICAL PERFORMANCES LIKE THE PRECIOUS 1AC. THIS SHUTS DOWN MATERIALIST COALITIONAL ANTI-CAPITALIST MOVEMENTS.
GUNN AND CLOUD 2K10
Joshua gunn and dana cloud, Phd Communicatoins, University of Texas Austin, Agentic Orientation as magical Voluntarism, Communication Theory
Notably, Campbell’s statement on the status of agency does not attempt to reverse the posthumanist turn, but rather, sets out to reconcile the theoretical perspectives of Judith Butler and Michelle Balif with close textual reading practices that, until the crisis of agency, were assumed to have singular, self-transparent authors. Similarly,
John Lucaites’ call to jettison agency as a concept and locate power, instead,
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is located in the tensions between a larger structure and the (collective)
subject (also see Jameson, 1977). AND, MATERIALIST EXPLANATIONS OF INSTITUTIONALIZED CAPITALIST RACISM THROUGH OBJECTIVE MEASUREMENTS LIKE "LIFE CHANCES" ARE EMPIRICALLY VERIFIED AND KEY TO GENERATE MATERIAL CHANGE - INDUCING ACTION THROUGH ARGUMENT. THEIR CONCIOUSNESS-BASED EXPLANATION ENDS UP BLAMING ABSTRACT GROUPS FOR "THINKING RACISM INTO EXISTENCE BECAUSE OF IRRATIONAL HATRED". THAT JUSTIFIES THE STATUS QUO, NOT REVOLUTIONARY ACTION.
WILLIAMS 2K5
Christopher j., in defense of materialism: a critique of afrocentric ontology, PhD Candidate, Sociology, York university, institute of race relations, vol 47 1, Race and Class
The picture becomes even more confounding when concepts rooted¶ in materialist analyses of the
AND
this is to unwittingly¶ formulate a discourse of demobilisation rather than radicalisation. AND, MATERIALIST EXPLANATIONS OF INSTITUTIONALIZED CAPITALIST RACISM THROUGH OBJECTIVE MEASUREMENTS LIKE "LIFE CHANCES" ARE EMPIRICALLY VERIFIED AND KEY TO GENERATE MATERIAL CHANGE - INDUCING ACTION THROUGH ARGUMENT. THEIR CONCIOUSNESS-BASED EXPLANATION ENDS UP BLAMING ABSTRACT GROUPS FOR "THINKING RACISM INTO EXISTENCE BECAUSE OF IRRATIONAL HATRED". THAT JUSTIFIES THE STATUS QUO, NOT REVOLUTIONARY ACTION.
WILLIAMS 2K5
Christopher j., in defense of materialism: a critique of afrocentric ontology, PhD Candidate, Sociology, York university, institute of race relations, vol 47 1, Race and Class
The picture becomes even more confounding when concepts rooted¶ in materialist analyses of the
AND
this is to unwittingly¶ formulate a discourse of demobilisation rather than radicalisation. Text: VOTE NEGATIVE TO REJECT THE 1AC IN FAVOR OF MATERIALIST REVOLUTIONARY KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTION AGAINST CAPITALISM.
AND, ECOLOGICAL CATASTROPHE NECESSITATES MATERIALIST REVOLUTIONARY DIALECTICS AGAINST CAPITALISM’S EXPLOITATION TO ENSURE SURVIVAL.
Foster 2k11
john bellamy, professor of sociology at the University of Oregon and also editor of Monthly Review, Since the Great Financial Crisis hit in 2008, Foster has been sought out by academics, activists, the media, and the general public as a result of his earlier prescient writings on the coming crisis. He has given numerous interviews, talks, and invited lectures, as well as written invited commentary, articles, and books on the subject
In the twenty-first century it is customary to view the rise of planetary
AND
and sustainable human development; a socialism for the twenty-first century. |
| 11/09/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
A. INTERPRETATION. Restrictions prohibit, requirements govern how energy production occurs Hayden ’05 (J.D., Penn State Dickinson School of Law, 2005)
Tim 13 Penn St. Envtl. L. Rev. 217 B. Telecommunications Act of 1996
¶ In 1996, a major piece of legislation dealing with most aspects of our
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the policy of promoting national wireless service provision in *233 mind. And the restriction must be ON production
Dictionary.com No Date
http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/on?s=t
"ON":16. (used to indicate a source or a person or thing that serves as a source or agent): a duty on imported goods; She depends on her friends for encouragement.
B. Violation- The aff reduces a condition that makes production harder—that’s NOT A RESTRICTION on production
This ev. gender paraphrased Priebe ’99 (Director of Agricultural Economic Law, European Commission)
Rhinehard, Production Rights in European Agriculture p.200
The milk quota system, to quote the prime example, is a levy imposed
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the same¶ system, is another example of this form of restriction.
C. REASONS TO PREFER. Fair Ground. Our interp allows afs to remove any restriction that actually prohibits production—ownership requirements, seasonal drilling restrictions, environmental impact rules. Their interp allows any aff that makes energy production less profitable—those are regulations or fees—not restrictions.
2. Limits. Their interp justifies any aff that increases the size or profitability of the energy industry, exploding the size of an already large topic.
3. Bright line. Our interp establishes a clear brightline—does the restriction prohibit energy production? If it does, it T, if it don’t, it aint.
D. Topicality is a voter for fairness and education. |
| 11/09/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
CP Shell Counterplan competes: "The" means whole USFG Merriam-Websters, 2010 (Online dictionary)
used as a function word before a noun or a substantivized adjective to indicate reference to a group as a whole Solves the aff because it strikes down the moratorium Court action induces legislative change. Devins, ’92
(William and Mary Associate Poli Sci Prof, July, 80 Calif. L. Rev. 1027) Courts matter. They matter a lot. Sometimes their orders set in motion market
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role in our system of separated powers, but they are judicial influences nonetheless Courts don’t link to elections- shielded from political pressure Ward ’9
(Artemus Ward, Professor at NIU, Political Foundations of Judicial Supremacy, Congress and The Presidency, pg. 119) After the old order has collapse the once- united, new-regime coalition
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division of labor exists between politicians and judges affiliated with the dominant regime. |
| 11/09/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Solar scaleup impossible- Germany, California and decades prove OC Register 12-27
Orange County Register, "Solar Power Failures Adding Up," ~http://www.ocregister.com/opinion/solar-333211-energy-company.html-http://www.ocregister.com/opinion/solar-333211-energy-company.html~~~~ Sooner or later, the laws of economics prevail, even in heavily subsidized industries
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these systems cost-effective. Sooner or later, economic reality prevails.
Predictions are accurate enough and should be used as a basis for political action Chernoff ’9. Fred, Prof. IR and Dir. IR – Colgate U., European Journal of International Relations, "Conventionalism as an Adequate Basis for Policy-Relevant IR Theory", 15:1
For these and other reasons, many social theorists and social scientists have come to
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commitment to both of these conclusions should be evident from the foregoing discussion. Solar development kills desert tortoise
Lovich %26 Ennen ’11
Jeffrey and Joshua, "Wildlife Development and Solar Energy Development in the Desert Southwest, United States," Bioscience Volume 61 No. 12 Pages 982-992 ~http://www.avhidesert.com/pdf/downloaded_file-1.pdf-http://www.avhidesert.com/pdf/downloaded_file-1.pdf~~~~ Habitat fragmentation. Until relatively recently, the desert Southwest was characterized by large blocks
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the adjacent coastal region of southern California (Delaney et al. 2010). The impact is two fold- We should save the tortoise for the tortoise sake- humans have no right to drive species extinction based on our pursuit of solar energy. That is an ethical reason to vote neg
2. Desert Tortoise is a keystone species, keeps hundreds of species alive and soil correct – turns the aff Becker ’12
Kendall is an environmental researcher at the University of Washington, "Renewable Energy, Fire, and the Agassiz’s Desert Tortoise," ~http://scienceinshort.wordpress.com/2012/03/13/renewable-energy-fire-and-the-agassizs-desert-tortoise/-http://scienceinshort.wordpress.com/2012/03/13/renewable-energy-fire-and-the-agassizs-desert-tortoise/~~~~ At the forefront of this debate is the Agassiz’s desert tortoise. The tortoise is
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, by extension, the entire desert ecosystem, is a pressing one. |
| 11/09/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Objectivity and scientific reasoning are a good foundation for making decisions—the aff’s decision making calculus is arbitrary and prevents progressive politics. Alan Sokal, Professor of Physics at New York University, 1996 ("A Plea for Reason, Evidence and Logic," Talk Presented at a Forum at New York University, October 26th, Available Online at http://www.physics.nyu.edu/faculty/sokal/nyu_forum.html, Accessed 07-31-2010) I didn’t write the parody for the reasons you might at first think. My
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the most prominent and pernicious manifestation of anti-intellectualism in our time. The impact is extinction
Krauthammer 2011
Charles, Pulitzer Prize–winning syndicated columnist, political commentator, and physician
AND
Dec 30, 2011 @ 03:19 PM, The Washington Post Rather than despair, however, let’s put the most hopeful face on the
AND
By them, the few — the only — who got it right. |
| 11/09/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
The environment is indestructible Easterbrook 95
Distinguished Fellow, Fullbright Foundation
(Gregg, A Moment on Earth pg 25) IN THE AFTERMATH OF EVENTS SUCH AS LOVE CANAL OR THE Exxon Valdez oil spill
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are pinpricks compared to forces of the magnitude nature is accustomed to resisting. Won’t cause extinction
Easterbrook ’3
(Gregg, senior fellow at The New Republic, July, Wired Magazine, "We’re All Gonna Die%21" ~http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/11.07/doomsday.html?pg=1%26topic=%26topic_set-http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/11.07/doomsday.html?pg=1%26topic=%26topic_set~~~~=)
If we’re talking about doomsday - the end of human civilization - many scenarios simply
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as he was, wrote Remembrance of Things Past while lying in bed. Their aff prevents the type of managerialism necessary to prevent global extinction –processes of environmental destruction are unstoppable without intervention
Dr Neil Levy 1999. Fellow of the Centre for Applied Philosophy and Public Ethics at Charles Sturt University. "Discourses of the Environment" p. 215
If the ’technological fix’ is unlikely to be more successful than strategies of limitation
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and of those with whom we share this planet, will be decided. |
| 11/09/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
“In” means “throughout”
Words and Phrases 8 (Permanent Edition, vol. 20a, p. 207) Colo. 1887. In the Act of 1861 providing that justices of the peace shall have jurisdiction “in” their respective counties to hear and determine all complaints, the word “in” should be construed to mean “throughout” such counties. Reynolds v. Larkin, 14, p. 114, 117, 10 Colo. 126. “The” means all parts
Webster’s 8 (Merriam-Webster's Online Collegiate Dictionary, 08, http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/the) 4 -- used as a function word before a noun or a substantivized adjective to indicate reference to a group as a whole the elite
In the US means the aff must happen in every state
EPA 6 (EPA, US Environmental Protection Agency Terminology Reference System, 2-1-2006, http://iaspub.epa.gov/trs/trs_proc_qry.alphabet?p_term_nm=U-http://iaspub.epa.gov/trs/trs_proc_qry.alphabet?p_term_nm=U) United States
When used in the geographic sense, means all of the States. Office of Pollution Prevention and Toxics -http://iaspub.epa.gov/trs/trs_proc_qry.org_info?P_REG_AUTH_ID=1019andP_LIST_OPTION_CD=ORG: Commercial Chemical Control Rules-http://iaspub.epa.gov/trs/trs_proc_qry.org_info?P_REG_AUTH_ID=1andP_DATA_ID=11722andP_VERSION=1andP_LIST_OPTION_CD=INFO Term Detail-http://iaspub.epa.gov/trs/trs_proc_qry.navigate_term?p_term_id=292529andp_term_cd=TERMDIS Violation: The plan doesn’t happen in every state and territory
AND EEZ is not in the United States
US Department of State Manual ’12
“7 Fam 1113 Not Included in the Meaning of “in the United States” http://www.state.gov/documents/organization/86755.pdf 7 FAM 1113 NOT INCLUDED IN THE ¶ MEANING OF "IN THE UNITED STATES
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. Nagle, 24 F.2d 316 (9th Cir., 1928)). Vote Negative Limits --- they allow “region of the week” Affs that target specific states or localities --- unique areas like Puerto Rico, federal lands, or “Indian Country” open up huge new research burdens --- limits are key to preparation and clash
2. Ground --- national change is key to quality of disads links --- specific regions give the Aff unpredictable angles against core generics --- core ground is key to fairness
3. Topicality is a voting issue for fairness and education |
| 11/09/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
THEIR PORTRAYAL OF NATURE AS AN ENERGY RESERVE FROM WHICH WE MUST DRAW OUR FUTURE ENSURES THE REDUCTIONF OF EVERYTHING TO STANDING RESERVE.
stoekle 2k7
ALLEN, “BATAILLE’S PEAK: ENERGY, WASTE, AND POSTSUSTAINABILITY” P. 131 Nature has lost what we might call its autonomy; its model is no longer
AND
a resource to be exploited in, for example, concentration camps.8 THIS RESULTS IN THE UTTER DESTRUCTION OF LIFE IN MASS GENOCIDE AND INSTRUMENTALIZATION. stoekle 2k7
ALLEN, “BATAILLE’S PEAK: ENERGY, WASTE, AND POSTSUSTAINABILITY” P. 131-3 Subject/object; this is the infernal duo that, for Heidegger, characterizes
AND
school, freeway, suburb), is itself ripe for use and disposal.
AND, THE ALTERNATIVE BEGINS BY REFUSING THE AFFIRMATIVES DESCRIPTION OF THE FUTURE IN FAVOR OF THE PRODUCTION OF NON-KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE ENERGY REGIMES IN WHICH WE ARE ENMESHED. stoekle 2k7
allen, “bataille’s peak: energy, waste, and postsustainability” p. 205 I would argue that while cheap energy is not the sole cause of the fablous
AND
the night of non-knowledge.36 STOKELE, ENERGY ALT
Does this mean that we should despair, and use this “ignorance” as
AND
unjustified—a community of those with nothing in common (Lingis 1994). |
| 11/09/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
The plan collapses oil prices overnight
Poruban 12
Steven Poruban "API: Raising US oil supplies key to lowering gasoline prices" 3/26 www.ogj.com/articles/print/vol-110/issue-3c/general-interest/api-raising-us-oil.html-http://www.ogj.com/articles/print/vol-110/issue-3c/general-interest/api-raising-us-oil.html A major component to relieving upward pressure on gasoline prices in the US will come
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of days, oil prices fell by $15-16/bbl.
Oil dependence key to Middle East engagement and Saudi relations
Gonzalez 12
Angel Gonzalez is Houston Bureau Chief for Dow Jones Newswires, "Expanded Oil Drilling Helps U.S.Wean Itself From Mideast" June 27, 2012 online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702304441404577480952719124264.html Still, growing domestic energy production could allow the U.S. to lessen
AND
Washington to then build up and sustain its military presence in the region. The accesses all impacts—-terrorism, econ, Iran, Middle Eastern war Cordesman 11
(Anthony Cordesman - Arleigh A. Burke Chair in Strategy at CSIS, national security analyst for ABC News, served as director of intelligence assessment in the Office of the Secretary of Defense and as civilian assistant to the deputy secretary of defense, "Understanding Saudi Stability and Instability – Cordesman" Saudi-US Relations Information Service, March 1, 2011www.susris.com/2011/03/01/understanding-saudi-stability-and-instability-cordesman/) History scarcely means we can take Saudi stability for granted. Saudi Arabia is simply
AND
the Middle East depends on Saudi Arabia having a friendly and moderate regime. |
| 11/09/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
The Unipolar Moment is over and can’t be recovered – 08 financial crash means the US can’t prevent competition Rachman 11
(Gideon Rachman, Financial Times chief foreign affairs commentator, Zero-Sum Future, 2011, pp 3-4) But the economic crisis that struck the world in 2008 has changed the logic of
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the "unipolar moment" that began with the collapse of the Soviet Union Entitlement spending makes hege collapse inevitable Cohen ‘12
Michael A. Cohen is a regular columnist for Foreign Policy's Election 2012 Channel and a fellow at the Century Foundation. http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2012/02/21/rotting_from_the_inside_out?page=full-http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2012/02/21/rotting_from_the_inside_out?page=full ETB There is, however, one serious problem with this analysis. Any discussion of
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them are generally considered elements of national security, perhaps they should be. Heg not solve war –
A. No threats require primacy and other factors ensure security. Friedman and Preble 10 (Benjamin Friedman is a research fellow in defense and homeland security studies at the Cato Institute, Christopher Preble is director of foreign policy studies at the Cato Institute, Budgetary Savings from Military Restraint, September 22, 2010 Cato Policy Analysis No. 667 September 23, 2010 http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/PA667.pdf-http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/PA667.pdf The United States confuses what it wants from its military, which is global primacy
AND
resentment. Global military primacy is a game not worth the candle.56
B. No war – States have an incentive to avoid it. Zakaria 08 (Fareed Zakaria, editor of Newsweek International, 2008, The Post-American World, p. 244)
In certain areas – the South China Sea, for example – U.S
AND
futile and unnecessary. Small work-arounds might be just as effective. No evidence that credibility is key to influence others—prefer our ev because its based on psychological studies and not economic based models
Fettweis 7—Professor of Political Science @ Tulane
Christopher J., Credibility and the War on Terror Political Science Quarterly. New York: Winter 2007/2008. Vol. 122, Iss. 4; pg. 607, 27 pgs
Since Vietnam, scholars have been generally unable to identify cases in which high credibility
AND
a coherent test; when it was, it almost inevitably failed.40 |
| 11/09/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
( ) No impact to Iran Prolif –
A. Impact overblown and MAD solves. Sadr 05 Ehsanah I., graduate student in the department of government and politics at the University of Maryland, College Park, Middle East Policy, Summer
If Iran is successful in its nuclear quest, Israel might feel compelled to begin
AND
the world has witnessed since Hiroshima and Nagasaki – that is, zero.
B. No impact for multiple reasons.
-Iran already a challenge to US ME Heg -No Iranian adventurism -No Mid East Arms Race
-No Suit Case Bomb, CBW’s prove -Won’t increase Iranian influence in OPEC
-Won’t attack – deterrence sovles
Amuzegar 06 Jahangir, Finance Minister and Economic Ambassador in Iran’s Pre-1979 Government, Middle East Policy, Summer
Questioning the validity of objections to a nuclear-powered Iran, however, are
AND
nor even the mullahs’ bazaari habit of always looking for the best deal. Iran won’t attack Israel – it would be suicidal. Carpenter, 07 (Cato Institute, Mediterranean Quarterly 18.1)
Most people who reject a strategy of acceptance and deterrence tacitly acknowledge the improbability that
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Israel has more than a sufficient capability to deter an Iranian nuclear attack. Israel wouldn’t launch a unilateral strike – fear the US reaction. Kemp, 03 (Director of regional strategic programs at the Nixon Center, 10-9, "Considering the Options," The Washington Institute for Near East Policy) This time around, Sharon would never do anything like that—ever. To
AND
would jeopardize his relationship with this President over something as dramatic as this. |
| 11/09/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Oil production doesn’t create jobs – land isn’t used and it steals from other avenues
Karlamangla 8/14/12
Soumya Karlamangla is a Summer 2012 intern at The Nation. She has written on climate change and the environment for the Thomson Reuters Foundation's AlertNet news site in London, and was most recently a news editor at The Daily Californian, UC Berkeley's student newspaper. August 14, 2012 “The Top 5 Myths About the Domestic Energy and Jobs Act”
http://www.thenation.com/article/169392/top-5-myths-about-domestic-energy-and-jobs-act# House Republicans have consistently used the term “job creation” as a smokescreen for
AND
because the GASP Act halted environmental standards that would have created new jobs.
Boosting manufacturing isn’t key to economic growth – experts agree
Nash-Hoff 12
Michele Nash-Hoff Author and president of the San Diego Electronics Network“American Manufacturing Has Declined More Than Most Experts Have Thought”¶ 03/28/2012 http://www.huffingtonpost.com/michele-nashhoff/manufacturing-jobs_b_1382704.html For years, most economists, experts, and government officials have said that the
AND
, job loss is seen as a sign of strength, not weakness."
Oil production doesn’t change international markets and is not extensive enough to save the economy
Jones, 12
(Forrest, March 16, 2012, “Krugman: More Oil Drilling Won't Help Economy by Creating Jobs” http://www.moneynews.com/Markets/Krugman-Oil-Drilling-Economy/2012/03/16/id/432834, 8/1/12, atl) Drilling for more oil in the United States won't lower prices at the pump and
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," Geithner told the Economic Club of New York, according to Reuters.
The US maintains a robust SPR to hedge against volatility Barnes Et Al 4
Joe Barnes, research fellow at the Baker Institute for Public Police at Rice, Amy Jaffe, Fellow for Energy Studies at the Baker Institute, and. Edward L. Morse, Executive Adviser at Hess Energy Trading Company and was Deputy Assistant Secretary of State for International Energy Policy in 1979–81, Winter 2003/2004, originally printed in National Interest, http://www.saudi-us-relations.org/newsletter2004/saudi-relations-interest-01-06.html No one is satisfied with the current energy policy status quo; but few seem
AND
a robust strategic petroleum reserve for use in cases of extreme market volatility. |
| 11/09/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
No solvency – massive delays and refining issues
Conathan, 12
(Michael, Director of Ocean Policy at Center for American Progress, March 1, 2012, “More Drilling Won’t Lower Gas Prices-http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2012/03/01/435330/more-drilling-wont-lower-gas-prices/”, http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2012/03/01/435330/more-drilling-wont-lower-gas-prices/, 8/1/12, atl) Pumping oil takes time. Opening new offshore areas will take seven years to produce
AND
.” Take one look at gas prices in Europe-http://articles.businessinsider.com/2011-11-15/markets/30400587_1_gas-prices-gasoline-gallon and you’ll understand why. Natural Gas competition brackets out economic benefits of increased oil production
Auer, 12
(Matthew, dean of the Hutton Honors College and professor at the School of Public and Environmental Affairs at Indiana University, March 4, 2012, “Without a surge in demand, drilling for oil won't help economy” http://www.deseretnews.com/article/765556024/Wiithout-a-surge-in-demand-drilling-for-oil-wont-help-economy.html?pg=all, 8/1/12, atl) Why? Natural gas prices are near 10-year lows and some wells are
AND
extract and burn these fuels without anticipating the public health and environmental consequences. |
| 11/09/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
T A. Increase financial incentives presumes well developed, pre-existing program
Webster’s Dictionary 1998
Increase: to make greater, augment, implies to what is already well grown, or well developed B. No SMR incentives have been fully developed
Rosner and Goldberg 11
(Robert Rosner, astrophysicist and founding director of the Energy Policy Institute at Chicago. He was the director of Argonne National Laboratory from 2005 to 2009, Stephen Goldberg, Special Assistant to the Director, Argonne National Laboratory ¶ Senior Fellow, Energy Policy Institute at Chicago¶ Research Coordinator, Global Nuclear Future Initiative ¶ American Academy of Arts and Sciences, "Small Modular Reactors – Key to Future Nuclear Power ¶ Generation in the U.S." Energy Policy Institute at Chicago, http://csis.org/files/attachments/111129_SMR_White_Paper.pdf-http://csis.org/files/attachments/111129_SMR_White_Paper.pdf As illustrated in the previous discussion, until significant learning benefits are achieved, the
AND
this type of¶ management model are discussed in the subsections that follow. C. Vote neg-
Predictability. Our interp assures the neg a predictable list of possible affs, any increase in ALREADY OFFERED incentives in the federal budget. Their interp eliminates that caselist.
Ground. Our interp assures neg links to DAs and Ks and gives the aff a wealth of legit affs to choose from.
Precision: Increase is fundamentally different than create—their interp is grammatically incorrect.
D. Topicality is a voting issue for fair ground and education |
| 11/09/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Obama has the influence to prevail in fiscal cliff negotiations now—-political capital is key
Sprung, 9/21
(Andrew Sprung is a political commentator %26 media consultant. He is the CEO of Sprung PR and hold a PhD from the University of Rochestor, "Ezra Klein’s unconvincing theory that Obama misunderstands (or misrepresents) "change," http://xpostfactoid.blogspot.com/2012/09/ezra-kleins-unconvincing-theory-that.html) In my view, Klein is viewing this question too narrowly. Obama is well
AND
can. And that’s why I think they’re responding in such large numbers.
Cue the political science eye-roll. The American people were not "determined
AND
, or control health-care choices that women should make for themselves. Plan kills Obama
Petroleum Intelligence Weekly, 1/9/12, Obama Plays Safe on Energy Policy, Lexis With less than a year to go until he faces re-election, US
AND
repeat this success in other energy policy areas ( PIW Feb.23’09 ). Presidential leadership is key to a compromise – the alternative is the collapse of hegemony, a double-dip recession, and war in the Middle East
Hutchison, U.S. Senator from the great state of Texas, 9/21/2012
(Kay Bailey, "A Looming Threat to National Security," States News Service, Lexis) Despite warnings of the dire consequences, America is teetering at the edge of a
AND
the harsh tax increases that could stall economic growth and punish working families. Middle East goes nuclear
James A. Russell, Senior Lecturer, National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School, ’9 (Spring) "Strategic Stability Reconsidered: Prospects for Escalation and Nuclear War in the Middle East" IFRI, Proliferation Papers, %2326, http://www.ifri.org/downloads/PP26_Russell_2009.pdf Strategic stability in the region is thus undermined by various factors: (1)
AND
the peoples of the region, with substantial risk for the entire world. |
| 11/09/2012 | |
| 11/09/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Takes years after development to export SMR’s Kessides %26 Kuznetov 8-14
Ioannis is with the Development Group at the World Bank and Vladimir is a Consultant with the World Bank, "Small Modular Reactors for Enhancing Energy Security in Developing Countries," http://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/4/8/1806/htm-http://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/4/8/1806/htm The generally acknowledged challenge for SMRs is to provide levelized unit electricity cost that is
AND
operate for several years before they are offered for export to developing countries. Material in SMR easily becomes weapons grade
Bourget 11
(Remy, Brown University student majoring in Middle Eastern Studies and International Relations, with a focus on Global Security. Intern at Center for Advanced Defense Studies, "Small Modular Reactors: Opportunity for Global Leadership and Innovation" Center for Advanced Defense Studies, 7/1/11, http://www.c4ads.org/global-security-monitor/small-modular-reactors-opportunity-global-leadership-and-innovation-http://www.c4ads.org/global-security-monitor/small-modular-reactors-opportunity-global-leadership-and-innovation, SEH) Proliferation is another important security concern, and there are two opposing views in the
AND
enrich uranium from 20% to 90%, which is weapons-grade. Nuclear energy cred fails—countries say no to US tech if it constrains them
Cleary 12
Richard Cleary, American Enterprise Institute Research Assistant, 8/13/12, Richard Cleary: Persuading Countries to Forgo Nuclear Fuel-Making, npolicy.org/article.php?aid=1192%26tid=30 The examples above show the limitations of both demand and supply side efforts. Supply
AND
, have not materialized and therefore seem to have had little tangible influence. Prolif resistant trade doesn’t exist—nuclear coop always increases risk of prolif
Fuhrmann 9
Matthew Fuhrmann, Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of South Carolina, Summer 2009, Spreading Temptation: Proliferation and Peaceful Nuclear Cooperation Agreements, http://belfercenter.hks.harvard.edu/files/Spreading-Temptation-Proliferation-and-Peaceful-Nuclear-Cooperation-Agreements.pdf Recent research finds that countries receiving certain "sensitive" nuclear assistance are more likely
AND
There is no such thing as "proliferation-proof" atomic assistance. ( ) Prolif Not Cause War –
A. History supports.
Tepperman ’9 (Jonathan Tepperman a journalist based in New York City. "Why Obama should learn to love the bomb" Newsweek Nov 9, 2009 http://jonathantepperman.com/Welcome_files/nukes_Final.pdf-http://jonathantepperman.com/Welcome_files/nukes_Final.pdf)
A growing and compelling body of research suggests that nuclear weapons may not, in
AND
Since acquiring atomic weapons, the two sides have never fought another war. B. So does the best statistical evidence.
Asal and Beardsley ’7 (Victor Asal Department of Political Science, State University of New York, Albany and Kyle Beardsley Department of Political Science, Emory University "Proliferation and International Crisis Behavior" Journal of Peace Research 2007; 44; 139)
As Model 1 in Table IV illustrates, all of our variables are statistically significant
AND
more reduction as the number of nuclear powers involved in the conflict increases. Technical barriers prevent nuclear terrorism—the risk is less than 1 in a million
Mueller ’8
(John, poli sci prof at Ohio State Univ, "The Atomic Terrorist: Assessing the Likelihood," 1-1, Prepared for presentation at the Program on International Security Policy, Univ of Chicago, 1-15-2008, http://polisci.osu.edu/faculty/jmueller/APSACHGO.PDF)
Appraising the barriers. As noted earlier, most discussions of atomic terrorism deal rather
AND
after all, for those menacing and now-legendary invaders from Mars. No one will sell terrorists nuclear tech
Mueller ’8
(John, poli sci prof at Ohio State Univ, "The Atomic Terrorist: Assessing the Likelihood," 1-1, Prepared for presentation at the Program on International Security Policy, Univ of Chicago, 1-15-2008, http://polisci.osu.edu/faculty/jmueller/APSACHGO.PDF-http://polisci.osu.edu/faculty/jmueller/APSACHGO.PDF) It is also worth noting that, although nuclear weapons have been around now for
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Wright 2006, 230-1, 287-88; Cullison 2004). |
| 11/09/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Decade before solvency
St. Louis Post-Dispatch ’12
Jeffrey Tomich, http://www.dispatch.com/content/stories/business/2012/05/10/small-problem.html-http://www.dispatch.com/content/stories/business/2012/05/10/small-problem.html ETB For all the hype, small reactors are still at least a decade away.
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," Klein said. "We’re going to have to see some built." SMRs empirically fail at commercialization
Magwood, commissioner – NRC, 7/14/’11
(William, "ECONOMICS AND SAFETY OF MODULAR REACTORS; COMMITTEE: SENATE APPROPRIATIONS; SUBCOMMITTEE: ENERGY AND WATER DEVELOPMENT," CQ Congressional Testimony) That is not to say that SMRs are a new idea. The conceptual benefits
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the pebble-bed modular reactor in the early years of this century.
Both efforts proved unable to overcome the economic realities of building and operating nuclear power
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AP- 1000 and the 1600 megawatt Economic Simplified Boiling Water Reactor.2
Around the turn of the century, both DOE and industry became interested in the
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participants began to peel away and eventually the South African project was abandoned.
All small reactor technologies of the past failed to find a way to overcome the
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opportunity to recover these large up-front costs over a reasonable period.
So why is today different from yesterday? The greatest difference is the fact that
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thereby reducing the potential for a serious loss-of- coolant accident.
Very importantly, these new SMRs are much smaller than the systems designed in the 1990s; this choice was made to assure that they could be factory-built and shipped largely intact by rail for deployment. The ability to "manufacture" a reactor rather than "constructing" it on-site could prove to be a major advantage in terms of cost, schedule reliability, and even quality control.
But will innovations like these allow this new breed of SMRs to be successful? Maybe.
Many years of work remain for SMR vendors to refine their designs and allow for
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insufficient to enable vendors to provide utilities with reliable cost and schedule estimates. SMRs not commercialized- natural gas
Scientific America 3/27
(David Biello, "Small Reactors Make a Bid to Revive Nuclear Power¶ Can small, LEGO-like reactors help create better prospects for the nuclear industry?" http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=small-reactors-bid-to-revive-nuclear-power%26print=true-http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=small-reactors-bid-to-revive-nuclear-power%26print=true, SEH) Regardless of how cheap such small modular reactors may allow nuclear to be in future
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in significant quantities has happened. "It is unlikely that SMRs SMRs will be developed slowly in the status quo - the plan speeds up the process which causes Fukushima-style accidents
Wang 12
Ucilia Wang 12, renewable energy and green tech journalist for Forbes, 1/20/12, "Feds To Finance Small Nuclear Reactor Designs," online: http://www.forbes.com/sites/uciliawang/2012/01/20/feds-to-finance-small-nuclear-reactor-designs/print/http://www.forbes.com/sites/uciliawang/2012/01/20/feds-to-finance-small-nuclear-reactor-designs/print/ The U.S. Department of Energy on Friday announced a plan to support
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that nuclear power should remain an important part of the country’s energy mix. |
| 11/09/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
EXPANDING NATURAL GAS INFRASTRUCTURE IS KEY TO ENABLE ENVIRONMENTAL EXPLOITATION TO DESTROY THE GLOBE FOR PROFIT— THEIR EV IS EQUIVALENT TO INDUSTRY PROPAGANDA. IMPACT IS EXTINCTION.
CHARMAN 2K10
Karen, Trashing the Planet for Natural Gas: Shale Gas Development Threatens
Freshwater Sources, Likely Escalates Climate Destabilization, Capitalism Nature and
Socialism, 21:4, 72-82 As the large, easy reservoirs of fossil fuels are exhausted, the capitalist machine
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profitability while limiting liability for the direct and indirect harm they¶ cause. OUR ALT: REJECT THE AFF.
EXPANDING NATURAL GAS DEMAND AND INFRASTRUCTURE IS THE OPERATIVE LYNCHPIN OF A CYCLE OF CAPITALIST EXPLOITATION. THERE IS AN ETHICAL OBLIGATION TO INTERRUPT THIS DRIVE TOWARDS DESTRUCTION OF THE GLOBE.
CHARMAN 2K10
Karen, Trashing the Planet for Natural Gas: Shale Gas Development Threatens
Freshwater Sources, Likely Escalates Climate Destabilization, Capitalism Nature and
Socialism, 21:4, 72-82 Despite increasing evidence of the danger and irreversible ecological damage¶ in areas where horizontal
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its short-term profit-driven death¶ grip on the planet. |
| 11/09/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: Pushing for U.S. gas hegemony causes blowback by China, increased European dependency on Russia, and loss of influence in South America and the Middle East – turns their heg impactHulbert 11/20/2011
(Matthew, specialises in energy security and political risk and is a regular contributor to European Energy Review; " Why "energy independence" means less power for the US, not more," European Energy Review http://www.europeanenergyreview.eu/site/pagina.php?id=3346-http://www.europeanenergyreview.eu/site/pagina.php?id=3346 – Kurr) But even with these health warnings in place, the bottom line (irrespective of
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this sense, American independence might take on a whole new transatlantic definition. China and OPEC politics means there’s no benefit to establishing the U.S. as a gas hegemon Klare 6/25/2012
(Michael T., professor of peace and world security studies at Hampshire College; "Is Barack Obama morphing into Dick Cheney?," European Energy Review http://www.europeanenergyreview.eu/site/pagina.php?id=3774~~%23artikel_3774-http://www.europeanenergyreview.eu/site/pagina.php?id=3774 – Kurr) Obama as Cheney This four-part geopolitical blueprint, relentlessly pursued by Cheney while
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but copying the Cheney energy blueprint is bound to produce the exact opposite. The Unipolar Moment is over and can’t be recovered – 08 financial crash means the US can’t prevent competition
Rachman 11
(Gideon Rachman, Financial Times chief foreign affairs commentator, Zero-Sum Future, 2011, pp 3-4) But the economic crisis that struck the world in 2008 has changed the logic of
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the "unipolar moment" that began with the collapse of the Soviet Union Entitlement spending makes hege collapse inevitable
Cohen ’12
Michael A. Cohen is a regular columnist for Foreign Policy’s Election 2012 Channel and a fellow at the Century Foundation. http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2012/02/21/rotting_from_the_inside_out?page=full-http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2012/02/21/rotting_from_the_inside_out?page=full ETB There is, however, one serious problem with this analysis. Any discussion of
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them are generally considered elements of national security, perhaps they should be. Heg not solve war –
A. No threats require primacy and other factors ensure security.
Friedman and Preble 10 (Benjamin Friedman is a research fellow in defense and homeland security studies at the Cato Institute, Christopher Preble is director of foreign policy studies at the Cato Institute, Budgetary Savings from Military Restraint, September 22, 2010 Cato Policy Analysis No. 667 September 23, 2010 http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/PA667.pdf-http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/PA667.pdf The United States confuses what it wants from its military, which is global primacy
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resentment. Global military primacy is a game not worth the candle.56 B. No war – States have an incentive to avoid it.
Zakaria 08 (Fareed Zakaria, editor of Newsweek International, 2008, The Post-American World, p. 244)
In certain areas – the South China Sea, for example – U.S
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futile and unnecessary. Small work-arounds might be just as effective. Natural gas bubble is being avoided now, which restores companies to profitability. Increase in prices is key.
Wallace 7/17
(Christopher, Former private equity fund manager, now full time private investor; 7/17/2012, "Natural Gas: Movements Into Storage Suggest Glut Will Soon Disappear," Seeking Alpha, http://seekingalpha.com/article/725781-natural-gas-movements-into-storage-suggest-glut-will-soon-disappear-http://seekingalpha.com/article/725781-natural-gas-movements-into-storage-suggest-glut-will-soon-disappear - Kurr)
How much of a glut is there?¶ The glut was significant, about 60
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frame for this to occur should be measured in months, not years. Popping the bubble turns the aff and causes a supply crunch
Business Insider 7/4
("Looking Ahead to the Next Oil Price Spike and the Threat of War," 7/4/2012 Lexis - Kurr)
The difficulty is that an analogous scenario has unfolded before, in the natural gas
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Dawn.Those involved in unconventional oil would do well to take note. |
| 11/09/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Exporting wont happen – too much opposition
Maykuth 9/27
(Andrew, 2012, "Awash with natural gas, industry eyes exporting fuel" Philadelphia Inquirer, http://seattletimes.com/html/businesstechnology/2019281613_naturalgasexportsxml.html-http://seattletimes.com/html/businesstechnology/2019281613_naturalgasexportsxml.html) But proposals to build more LNG export terminals are controversial. Three Pacific Northwest proposals, two in Oregon and at least one in British Columbia, face opposition as fierce as the coal-export terminals proposed in Bellingham and Grays Harbor. And some American chemical producers fear that shipping LNG to foreign consumers would make gas scarce here, just as the industry is undergoing a revival thanks to abundant supplies of natural gas, a principal raw material. American Public Gas Association, the trade group for utilities, has said that exports would produce "predictable and disastrous" results for household consumers. Environmental groups like the Sierra Club have opposed new export terminals because they would induce more drilling, causing more environmental impact. Others appeal to patriotic sentiments to block exports. T. Boone Pickens, who wants to replace imports of crude oil from unfriendly nations, thinks it would be folly to export natural gas. The Energy Department is studying the economic effects of expanding LNG exports, but Reuters reported last week that the Obama administration delayed the release of the report until after the November election.
Squo has solved the FTA – their card is discussing Korea, Colombia, and Panama FTA’s that have been ratified
Smith 11 (Rod, Editor – Feedstuffs, "US Trade Leadership Slipping," Feedstuffs Food Link, 6-24, http://www.feedstuffsfoodlink.com/ME2/dirmod.asp?sid=andnm=andtype=newsandmod=Newsandmid=9A02E3B96F2A415ABC72CB5F516B4C10andtier=3andnid=FAA1AC2A45944313AAC3C0F446B2E2C4)
THE number of bilateral and regional free trade …. but our leadership in the world. However, the U.S., once the world’s vanguard in negotiating trade agreements and urging fair and free trade, is rapidly sliding into the background as other countries and regions implement trade pacts in which the U.S. is not a member. This not only affects our economic health but our leadership in the world. THEIR CARD ENDS President Barack Obama has said he believes in trade and wants the U.S
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the U.S. back into its prominent role in global trade. Their Levi evidence is in the context of TPP negotiations. They don’t solve those – too many alt causes
Gordon 12
(Bernard, Professor Emeritus of Political Science at the University of New Hampshire. He is the author of America’s Trade Follies and a forthcoming book about the Trans-Pacific Partnership; Jul/Aug, "Trading Up in Asia," Foreign Affairs, Vol. 91, Iss. 4 – Kurr) PROPERTY WRONGS Even as Washington hopes that its efforts to shape the TPP will sooth
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modifications to existing formulas," thereby preventing the introduction of cheaper generic drugs. No Impact to rare earth minerals- alternatives and market shift solve
Broadband ’11 (October 26, 2011 http://www.voanews.com/english/news/asia/Chinas-Rare-Earth-Minerals-Supply-Manipulation-Could-Backfire-132605798.html Manipulation of China’s Rare Earth Minerals Supply Could Backfire Ivan Broadband | Hong Kong Unlike previous occasions when Beijing has manipulated supply, the world is now looking increasingly
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mine to be one of the world’s largest rare earth suppliers by 2014. The WTO guarantees U.S. access to Chinese REE- no shortages
Bosco 12
David Bosco 1-30, assistant professor at American University’s School of International Service, January 30, 2012, "WTO rules against China on ’rare earth’ minerals," online: http://bosco.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2012/01/30/wto_rules_against_china_on_rare_earth_minerals-http://bosco.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2012/01/30/wto_rules_against_china_on_rare_earth_minerals The World Trade Organization’s appellate body ruled today-http://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5iQWDjbSMV_bSItDoHNC6x4tq31qA?docId=CNG.fab869aea95c0cb3ce801070fba43334.271 that China’s restrictions on the export of
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the materials they need to produce and compete on a level playing field. Domestic production and E-waste recycling make China irrelevant by next year- and demand increase inevitable
Kaye 11
Leon Kaye 12-6, editor of GreenGoPost and contributor to The Guardian’s Sustainable Business section, December 6, 2011, "Conflicted Rare Earth Minerals Prices to Decline," online: http://www.triplepundit.com/2011/12/rare-earth-minerals-prices/-http://www.triplepundit.com/2011/12/rare-earth-minerals-prices/ Now various reports-http://www.nytimes.com/2011/11/17/business/global/prices-of-rare-earth-metals-declining-sharply.html suggest that prices for these materials will start trending downward.¶ Global
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more innovative products that will benefit all of us in the long run. No impact on the military
*DoD will step in to prevent shortages from affecting the military, new producers will fill-in, and domestic suppliers will meet defense needs by 2013 Bloomberg ’12
http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-04-09/rare-earths-shortage-would-spur-pentagon-to-action.html-http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-04-09/rare-earths-shortage-would-spur-pentagon-to-action.html ETB The Defense Department would intervene in case of a shortage of rare earth materials for
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which materials went into what components and of available alternatives, he said. No rise of protectionism and any rise wouldn’t cause extinction
Naim 10 – editor in chief of foreign policy magazine
Moises Naim, Editor in Chief of Foreign Policy Magazine. Foreign Policy. "It Didn’t Happen". January/February 2010. http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2010/01/04/it_didnt_happen?page=full
Protectionism will surge. It didn’t. Trade flows did drop dramatically in late 2008
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trade barriers cannot be ruled out. But it has not happened yet. ( ) Numerous constraints prevent protectionism
Rajiv Kumar, 11/12/08, Protectionism and Obama, p. http://www.mydigitalfc.com/opinion/protectionism-and-obama
President designate Obama, while he can, of course, take the protectionist route
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actual imposition of higher tariff or non-tariff walls by the US. |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: Interpretation – Restrictions on production must mandate a decrease in the quantity produced. Aff only reduces a regulation on production.Anell 89
Chairman, WTO panel "To examine, in the light of the relevant GATT provisions, the matter referred to the CONTRACTING PARTIES by the United States in document L/6445 and to make such findings as will assist the CONTRACTING PARTIES in making the recommendations or in giving the rulings provided for in Article XXIII:2." 3. On 3 April 1989, the Council was informed that agreement had been reached on the following composition of the Panel (C/164): Composition Chairman: Mr. Lars E.R. Anell Members: Mr. Hugh W. Bartlett Mrs. Carmen Luz Guarda CANADA - IMPORT RESTRICTIONS ON ICE CREAM AND YOGHURT Report of the Panel adopted at the Forty-fifth Session of the CONTRACTING PARTIES on 5 December 1989 (L/6568 - 36S/68) http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/dispu_e/88icecrm.pdf The United States argued that Canada had failed to demonstrate that it effectively restricted domestic
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to what the situation would be in the absence of all government measures. Doub 76
Energy Regulation: A Quagmire for Energy Policy Annual Review of Energy Vol. 1: 715-725 (Volume publication date November 1976) DOI: 10.1146/annurev.eg.01.110176.003435LeBoeuf, Lamb, Leiby %26 MacRae, 1757 N Street NW, Washington, DC 20036 Mr. Doub is a principal in the law firm of Doub and Muntzing, which he formed in 1977. Previously he was a partner in the law firm of LeBoeuf, Lamb, Leiby and MacRae. He was a member of the U.S. Atomic Energy Commission in 1971 - 1974. He served as a member of the Executive Advisory Committee to the Federal Power Commission in 1968 - 1971 and was appointed by the President of the United States to the President’s Air Quality Advisory Board in 1970. He is a member of the American Bar Association, Maryland State Bar Association, and Federal Bar Association. He is immediate past Chairman of the U.S. National Committee of the World Energy Conference and a member of the Atomic Industrial Forum. He currently serves as a member of the nuclear export policy committees of both the Atomic Industrial Forum and the American Nuclear Energy Council. Mr. Doub graduated from Washington and Jefferson College (B.A., 1953) and the University of Maryland School of Law in 1956. He is married, has two children, and resides in Potomac, Md. He was born September 3, 1931, in Cumberland, Md. http://0-www.annualreviews.org.library.lausys.georgetown.edu/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.eg.01.110176.003435 FERS began with the recognition that federal energy policy must result from concerted efforts in
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agencies. Unfortunately, this example is the rule rather than the exception. 2. Precision – A distinction between regulation and restrictions is key.Sinha 6
http://www.indiankanoon.org/doc/437310/ Supreme Court of India Union Of India %26 Ors vs M/S. Asian Food Industries on 7 November, 2006 Author: S.B. Sinha Bench: S Sinha, Mark, E Katju CASE NO.: Writ Petition (civil) 4695 of 2006 PETITIONER: Union of India %26 Ors. RESPONDENT: M/s. Asian Food Industries DATE OF JUDGMENT: 07/11/2006 BENCH: S.B. Sinha %26 Markandey Katju JUDGMENT: J U D G M E N T ~Arising out of S.L.P. (Civil) No. 17008 of 2006~ WITH CIVIL APPEAL NO. 4696 OF 2006 ~Arising out of S.L.P. (Civil) No. 17558 of 2006~ S.B. SINHA, J : We may, however, notice that this Court in State of U.P
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the word prohibiting or some such word, to bring out that effect." |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Interp and violation – passive solar is solar energy not solar power
Sklar 07
(Scott Sklar, founder and president of The Stella Group, Ltd., in Washington, DC, is the Chair of the Steering Committee of the Sustainable Energy Coalition and serves on the Boards of Directors of the Sustainable Buildings Industry Council, the Business Council for Sustainable Energy, and the Renewable Energy Policy Project. The Stella Group, Ltd., a strategic marketing and policy firm for clean distributed energy users and companies using renewable energy 23 October 2007, "What’s the Difference Between Solar Energy and Solar Power?" http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/news/article/2007/10/whats-the-difference-between-solar-energy-and-solar-power-50358) ) Lee, this is a question I get often, and believe it is worth
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moon) are not solar, but we included these technologies as well.
Vote neg -
Predictable Limits – the aff unlimits the topic to include anything that interacts with the sun like biomass, hemp, and geothermal.
Ground – gives the aff built in uniqueness and links for advantages without reciprocal negative solvency arguments; also allows them to spike links to generic solar PV disads |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: Simon 7
~Christopher A. Simon - Director, Master of Public Administration, Political Science Department, University of Utah, Professor, Political Science, "Alternative Energy: Political, Economic, and Social Feasibility"~ THE COURTS¶ The institutional power of the federal courts regarding energy policy is not
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in method and decision making rather than a strict con- structionist approach.
Over the years, the courts have had a significant role in energy policy.
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tangentially and quite possibly with little emphasis beyond the nature of the case.
The Court, however, tightened its level of scrutiny in term of energy-
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related to the issue of energy resource development, processing, and distribution.
The 1970s, a decade in which the petroleum-based energy paradigm expe-
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significant por- tions of regulation and process-related nuclear energy policy.
In the same year, the Court decided the so-called trans-Alaska
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decision in relation to the states’ power to regulate intrastate energy policy issues.
In Exxon Corp. et alia v. Governor of Maryland et alia 437 U
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goals not inconsistent with national constitutional in- terpretation and national policy priorities. Treanor %26 Sperling 93
William - Prof Law at Fordham. Gene - Deputy Assistant to President for Economic Policy. "PROSPECTIVE OVERRULING AND THE REVIVAL OF "UNCONSTITUTIONAL" STATUTES," Columbia Law Review, Dec 93, lexis Unlike the Supreme Court, several state courts have explicitly addressed the revival issue.
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a statute did not revive does not offer a convincing rationale for nonrevival. |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: Rowland 05
~Tim, Regulation,Spring 05, http://www.cato.org/sites/cato.org/files/serials/files/regulation/2012/8/v28n1-final.pdf-http://www.cato.org/sites/cato.org/files/serials/files/regulation/2012/8/v28n1-final.pdf, mg~ In answer to a "frequently asked question"¶ on its Web site, the
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time to expect a new version—call it Section 8.2. Barndt ’91 Joseph Barndt, co-director of Crossroads, a ministry to dismantle racism, 1991, "Dismantling Racism: The Continuing Challenge to White America," p. 155-6.
To study racism is to study walls. We have looked at barriers and
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of the world and ourselves, we dare not allow it to continue. |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: Washington Times 3-28
"Immigration Bill Agreement Very Close; Guest Workers Still a Hurdle for Business, Labor Leaders," lexis Members of the "Gang of Eight" tasked with carving out a comprehensive immigration
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, we’ve been on the phone all day with our four other colleagues."¶ PC Key
Foley 1/15 Elise is a writer @ Huff Post Politics. "Obama Gears Up For Immigration Reform Push In Second Term," 2013, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2013/01/15/obama-immigration-reform_n_2463388.html
Obama has repeatedly said he will push hard for immigration reform in his second term
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-style arrangement jammed by leadership — while keeping the president heavily involved. The Hill ’11
"Fury over Solyndra Threatens to Sunset solar Energy Investments," http://thehill.com/blogs/e2-wire/e2-wire/182213-fury-over-solyndra-loan-threatens-to-sunset-solar-investments-http://thehill.com/blogs/e2-wire/e2-wire/182213-fury-over-solyndra-loan-threatens-to-sunset-solar-investments Political fury over a failed %24535 million loan guarantee to an Obama administration-
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marketplace or we can buy these things from other countries," he said. Scullion ’13
(Christine, "Manufacturers Take the Lead In STEM Education", January 8, http://www.shopfloor.org/2013/01/manufacturers-take-the-lead-in-stem-education/27254-http://www.shopfloor.org/2013/01/manufacturers-take-the-lead-in-stem-education/27254, CMR) The U.S. the leading producer of cutting-edge products such as
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the right time will ensure that the US remains a global innovation leader. Chyba 4
Co-Director of the Center for International Security and Cooperation (CISAC), Stanford Institute for International Studies, and an Associate Professor at Stanford University
~Christopher %26 Alex Greninger, "Biotechnology and Bioterrorism: An Unprecedented World" Survival, 46:2, Summer 2004~ In the absence of a comprehensive and effective system of global review of potential high
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dramatic results through biological programmes and would choose to direct their efforts elsewhere. Steinbruner 97
John D. Steinbruner, Brookings senior fellow and chair in international security, vice chair of the committee on international security and arms control of the National Academy of Sciences, Winter 1997, Foreign Policy, "Biological weapons: a plague upon all houses," n109 p85(12), infotrac Although human pathogens are often lumped with nuclear explosives and lethal chemicals as potential weapons
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for a global contagion of this sort but not necessarily its outer limit. |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Piece-meal reform of the aff is coopted by capitalism
Landstreicher in 2005 (Wolfi, http://insurgentdesire.org.uk/politicstolife.htm-http://insurgentdesire.org.uk/politicstolife.htm) The attempt to win adherents requires the appeal to the lowest common denominator. So
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is the increasing impoverishment of existence, and this cannot be reformed away. Alternative text: vote negative to reject the 1ac in favor of materialist revolutionary knowledge production against capitalism.
Ecological catastrophe necessitates materialist revolutionary dialectics against capitalism’s exploitation to ensure survival.
Foster 2k11
~john bellamy, professor of sociology at the University of Oregon and also editor of Monthly Review, Since the Great Financial Crisis hit in 2008, Foster has been sought out by academics, activists, the media, and the general public as a result of his earlier prescient writings on the coming crisis. He has given numerous interviews, talks, and invited lectures, as well as written invited commentary, articles, and books on the subject~ In the twenty-first century it is customary to view the rise of planetary
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and sustainable human development; a socialism for the twenty-first century. |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: They don’t solve—non-federal regulations and investor uncertaintyWalsh 11
Bryan, Energy: The Obstacles to Scaling Up Solar Power, senior writer for TIME and TIME.com, focuses on environmental issues, general interest and national stories
http://science.time.com/2011/01/31/energy-the-obstacles-to-scaling-up-solar-power/-http://science.time.com/2011/01/31/energy-the-obstacles-to-scaling-up-solar-power/ President Obama laid down a bold challenge to America in his State of the Union
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we can do now is pull the red tape off our solar panels. Zehner 12
Green illusions, Ozzie Zehner is the author of Green Illusions and a visiting scholar
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was awarded with honors at both institutions. He lives in San Francisco. Free Panels, Anyone? Among the ceos and chief scientists in the solar industry
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the Department of Energy quietly slid into its annual statistics without a peep. Baker 2010
Maggie Koerth-Baker, "Shining Light on the Cost of Solar Energy," National Geographic, November 5, 2010, http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/energy/2010/11/101105-cost-of-solar-energy/-http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/energy/2010/11/101105-cost-of-solar-energy/, accessed 11-9-2012. That said, there’s wide agreement that solar electricity is pricey. The U.
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making cheaper silicon devices, those advancements don’t translate to the solar industry. Thomas Ross, Prof. of Law @ U. of Pitt., June 1991 ("The Rheotric of Poverty: Their Immorality, Our Helplessness", 79 Geo. L.J. 1499, p. l/n)
The first rhetorical step, the creation of the abstraction the "poor," is
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the Court, radically remaking the world is not one of them. n4-http://www.lexisnexis.com/us/lnacademic/frame.do?tokenKey=rsh-20.313266.13266693085%26target=results_DocumentContent%26reloadEntirePage=true%26rand=1242520262380%26returnToKey=20_T6576962201%26parent=docview Harries, 94
Editor @ The National Interest
¶ (Owen, Power and Civilization, The National Interest, Spring, lexis) Performance is the test. Asked directly by a Western interviewer, "In principle
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The cost of implementing and promoting them will always have to be considered. L Schwartz, medical ethicist, 2002, Medical ethics: a case based approach, www.fleshandbones.com/readingroom/pdf/399.pdf
Supporters of the sanctity of life ethic dismiss considerations about quality and quantity because,
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However, it will be necessary to justify any violation of this right.
Our predictions are good Fitzsimmons, 7
(Michael, "The Problem of Uncertainty in Strategic Planning", Survival, Winter 06/07) Much has been made about the defining role of uncertainty in strategic plan- ning
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discipline applied to the difficult judgements about the future upon which strategy depends. Kwartin et. al 12 (Vice president of ICF International, consulting firm that
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of Defense Installations in the Mojave and Colorado Deserts", January, Pdf)
Solar development on the nine DoD installations addressed by this study is governed by a
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slow the solar development process and create uncertainty for private sector solar developers. Sunstein 2007 – Felix Frankfurter Professor of Law at Harvard Law School, clerked for Justice Marshall in the Supreme Court (Cass, Harvard University Press, "Worst-case scenarios", pages 138-9) A Catastrophic Harm Precautionary Principle, of the modest kind just sketched, raises several
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than 100,000 times the cost of losing 2,000 people.
The same point holds when the numbers are smaller. Following the collapse of a
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specifically to "the loss of traditional bonds of kinship and neighborliness."42
Genuine catastrophes, involving tens of thousands or millions of deaths, would magnify that
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, and many thousands of additional deaths from the Afghanistan and Iraq wars.
We might therefore identify a second version of the Catastrophic Harm Precautionary Principle, also
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the expected value of the risk with the expected value of precautionary measures.
Policymakers should err in favor of prediction—it’s inevitable — only question is whether its based upon implicit or explicit assumptions. Using explict predictions enhances decisionmaking — defer to probabilistic reasoning, evidence and empiricism Fitzsimmons 7.
(Michael, Washington DC defense analyst, "The Problem of Uncertainty in Strategic Planning", Survival, Winter 06-07, online) In defence of prediction Uncertainty is not a new phenomenon for strategists. Clausewitz knew
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reinvigorate their efforts in the messy but indispensable business of predicting the future. |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: Glassman ’12
(James, "Expert: U.S. unprepared for bioterrorism attack", April 5, http://www.bioprepwatch.com/us_bioterror_policy/expert-u-s-unprepared-for-bioterrorism-attack/323620/-http://www.bioprepwatch.com/us_bioterror_policy/expert-u-s-unprepared-for-bioterrorism-attack/323620/) A recent essay published in Forbes magazine supports the contention that the United States remains
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develop countermeasures, but small firms have filled the gap with mixed success.
More High Skilled immigrants key to renewables
Herman and Smith in ’10
Richard T. Herman is the founder of Richard T. Herman %26 Associates, an immigration and business law firm in Cleveland, Ohio which serves a global clientele in over 10 languages. He is the co-founder of a chapter of TiE, a global network of entrepreneurs started in 1992 in Silicon Valley, and Robert L. Smith is a veteran journalist who covers international cultures and immigration issues for the Cleveland Plain Dealer, Ohio’s largest newspaper. "Why Immigrants Can Drive the Green Economy". June 2010. http://immigrationpolicy.org/perspectives/why-immigrants-can-drive-green-economy Yet, the connection between immigration and the development and commercialization of alternative energy technology
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that the current system is broken, and that action is required now. Obama’s focusing on immigration
Politico 3-27
"Obama Renews Push on Immigration Reform," http://www.politico.com/politico44/2013/03/obama-renews-push-on-immigration-reform-160372.html?hp=r3-http://www.politico.com/politico44/2013/03/obama-renews-push-on-immigration-reform-160372.html?hp=r3 President Obama sought to refocus the political conversation on immigration reform Wednesday in interviews with
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added on Univision. "Hopefully we’ll be able to get it done." Immigration passes- Washington Times 3-28 says labor and business nearly have a deal on low-skilled and that the Gang of eight is nearly done.CT POST 3/28/13 Connecticut Post http://www.ctpost.com/local/article/Immigration-reform-gaining-support-in-Congress-4393187.php A Republican Party in desperate search for relevance to Latino voters. An expanded Democratic
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necessary to pass a reform bill.¶ Still, it won’t be easy. TROIANOVSKI, WSJ, 10-10-12
(Anton, "Here’s a Way to Cut Business Taxes: Tech Firms Become Real Estate Trusts," http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10000872396390444657804578048880778578720.html, accessed 11-5-12, CMM) The key: getting approval from the Internal Revenue Service to convert from a corporation
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of companies who are masquerading as real-estate companies," he says. It’s unpopular- picking winners and oil and natural gas oppositionWashington Post 11
Washington Post , Sunday, June 26, 2011" Obama wasting money and political capital on ’clean tech’" Sunday, June 26, 2011
http://www.thefiscaltimes.com/Articles/2011/06/26/WP-Obamas-Clean-Energy-Trip-Raises-Questions.aspx//ZY In all, Obama has visited 22 clean-tech projects on 19 separate trips
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. If someone has a better product let the market place determine that.
Executive actions burn capital
Eberly, 1/21 —- coordinator of Public Policy Studies and assistant professor in the Department of Political Science at St. Mary’s College of Maryland (1/21/2013, Todd, "The presidential power trap; Barack Obama is discovering that modern presidents have difficulty amassing political capital, which hinders their ability to enact a robust agenda," http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2013-01-21/news/bs-ed-political-capital-20130121_1_political-system-party-support-public-opinion-http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2013-01-21/news/bs-ed-political-capital-20130121_1_political-system-party-support-public-opinion)) Many looked to the 2012 election as a means to break present trends. But
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not without limit or cost and will likely further erode his political capital.
No Thumpers unless there’s a bill
Drum ’10
Kevin is a political blogger for Mother Jones, "Immigration Coming off the Backburner," Not to pick on Ezra or anything, but this attitude betrays a surprisingly common
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it will probably tell you something different from what it tells you now.
Not spending PC on guns
Stirewalt 3-25
Chris is Digital Politics Editor for Fox News, "Gun Laws Highlight Deepening Democratic Disarray," http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2013/03/25/gun-laws-highlight-deepening-democratic-disarray/-http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2013/03/25/gun-laws-highlight-deepening-democratic-disarray/ President Obama is heading back out on the campaign trail, this time in a
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sets off concerns about the registry being the basis for further future restrictions. Judith Miller, contributing editor, "Bioterrorism’s Deadly Math," CITY JOURNAL, Fall 2008, pp. 53-61. The challenge grows larger each day as the biotech revolution spreads skills and knowledge around
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agents intentionally engineered to be resistant to available antibiotics or evade immune response. |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: Section 8 is a classist and racist term used to exclude any ’undesirable’ other.Philly Inquirer 97 (Section 8: A Racist Rallying Cry? It’s A Housing Program For The Poor. It’s Also Becoming A Catch Phrase. James Daggett was thrilled last February when he moved his family onto a quiet,
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are safe,’’ he said. ``I’m not a martyr.’’ Ruitenberg ’4
~Claudia Ruitenberg, Assistant Professor in Philosophy of Education at the University of British Columbia, 2004, "How Ravitch Restricts What Readers Learn about Censorship," Journal of Philosophy of Education, Volume 38 Issue 4, p. 663-668~ The word ’censorship’ is a powerful indictment, and conjures up images of apparatchiks
AND - certain words and topics do not appear in teaching and test materials.
|
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Prefer precise definitions.
Whitney et al 10
Gene Whitney (Section Research Manager at the Congressional Research Service), Carl E. Behrens (Specialist in Energy Policy at the CRS) and Carol Glover (Information Research Specialist at the CRS) November 2010 "U.S. Fossil Fuel Resources: Terminology, Reporting, and Summary" http://epw.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?FuseAction=Files.view%26FileStore_id=04212e22-c1b3-41f2-b0ba-0da5eaead952 Terminology A search for energy statistics in the literature quickly reveals a large number of
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in terms of their likelihood of being developed and their stage of development. A2- C/I Solar power is the conversion of sunlight into electricity
West, 08
engineer, artist, father, and cook (Robert L. West, 2008, "Solar Energy vs. Solar Power," http://ezinearticles.com/?Solar-Energy-Vs-Solar-Power%26id=1496154)//CC The terms solar power and solar energy are used interchangeably, however the terms have
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order to conserve heat that the Sun delivers, thermal mass is used. Passive solar energy is literally just the modern day version of a camping tent
Energy.gov 12 ~April 13, 2012, http://energy.gov/energysaver/articles/passive-solar-home-design~~ Passive solar design takes advantage of a building’s site, climate, and materials to
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year and comfort during the cooling season through the use of nighttime ventilation. 2NC A2 Energy Can Include Electricity
Topical restrictions must be FOR solar power production. That means directly tied to electricity production
FOR is exclusive—
Clegg 95—J.D., 1981 Yale Law School; the author is vice president and general counsel of the National Legal Center for the Public Interest. (Roger, "Reclaiming The Text of The Takings Clause," 46 S.C. L. Rev. 531, Summer, lexis) Even if it made no sense to limit the clause to takings "for public
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no doubt that the phrase is narrowing the scope of the Amendment. n20 A2- Aff Creativity Limits solve innovation.
Gibbert et al. 7—Michael Gibbert, Assistant Professor of Management at Bocconi University (Italy), et al., with Martin Hoeglis, Professor of Leadership and Human Resource Management at WHU—Otto Beisheim School of Management (Germany), and Lifsa Valikangas, Professor of Innovation Management at the Helsinki School of Economics (Finland) and Director of the Woodside Institute, 2007 ("In Praise of Resource Constraints," MIT Sloan Management Review, Spring, Available Online at https://umdrive.memphis.edu/gdeitz/public/The%20Moneyball%20Hypothesis/Gibbert%20et%20al.%20-%20SMR%20(2007)%20Praise%20Resource%20Constraints.pdf, Accessed 04-08-2012, p. 15-16) Resource constraints can also fuel innovative team performance directly. In the spirit of the
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analogies and combinations that would otherwise be hidden under a glut of resources. |
