Tournament: NDT | Round: 1 | Opponent: Minnesota CE | Judge: Repko, Wunderlich, Stone 1NC 1NC Restrictions on production must mandate a decrease in the quantity produced Anell 89 Chairman, WTO panel "To examine, in the light of the relevant GATT provisions, the matter referred to the CONTRACTING PARTIES by the United States in document L/6445 and to make such AND PARTIES on 5 December 1989 (L/6568 - 36S/68) http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/dispu_e/88icecrm.pdf The United States argued that Canada had failed to demonstrate that it effectively restricted domestic AND to what the situation would be in the absence of all government measures.
The plan changes how energy is produced, rather than restricting how much is produced
This conflation ruins the topic:
Including regulations is a limits disaster Doub 76 Energy Regulation: A Quagmire for Energy Policy Annual Review of Energy Vol. 1: 715-725 (Volume publication date November 1976) DOI: 10.1146/annurev.eg.01.110176.003435LeBoeuf, Lamb, Leiby and MacRae, 1757 N Street NW, Washington, DC 20036 http://0-www.annualreviews.org.library.lausys.georgetown.edu/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.eg.01.110176.003435 Mr. Doub is a principal in the law firm of Doub and Muntzing AND . He was born September 3, 1931, in Cumberland, Md.
FERS began with the recognition that federal energy policy must result from concerted efforts in AND agencies. Unfortunately, this example is the rule rather than the exception.
The White House hopes to bolster President Obama’s political standing by shifting attention from the AND bad blood among the House GOP that direct presidential involvement drives away support.” OCS drilling drains capital Orth 11 (Derek Orth, J.D. expected May 2012, Rutgers School of Law (Newark, N.J.); Managing Articles Editor for the Rutgers Computer and Technology Law Journal, 2011 University of Oregon, Journal of Environmental Law and Litigation, 26 J. Envtl. L. and Litig. 509, Lexis, 2011) NAME: DEREK ORTH* The Deepwater Horizon was constructed in 2001 and was "capable of operating in water AND on both political parties to react expediently and deal with the crisis. n14 New controversy causes Obama to over-correct – he’ll introduce his own version – thwarts the bill Dann 3-27 (Carrie, Political Reporter – NBC News, “Obama optimistic on immigration legislation,” http://firstread.nbcnews.com/_news/2013/03/27/17490075-obama-optimistic-on-immigration-legislation?lite)
As a bipartisan group of senators chips away at the remaining obstacles to an immigration AND -- among this group of Democratic and Republican senators to get this done.” Immigration reform generates an effective base of IT experts – solves cyber terror McLarty 9 (Thomas F. III, President – McLarty Associates and Former White House Chief of Staff and Task Force Co-Chair, “U.S. Immigration Policy: Report of a CFR-Sponsored Independent Task Force”, 7-8, http://www.cfr.org/ publication/19759/us_immigration_policy.html) We have seen, when you look at the table of the top 20 firms AND going to strengthen, I think, our system, our security needs. Cyberterrorism will cause accidental launch that triggers the Dead Hand and nuclear war Fritz 9 (Jason, BS – St. Cloud, “Hacking Nuclear Command AND of mass DDoS attacks, real world protests, and accusations between governments.
03/29/2013
NDT Rd 1 Dept of Interior CP
Tournament: NDT | Round: 1 | Opponent: Minnesota CE | Judge: Repko, Wunderlich, Stone 1NC The United States Department of Interior should impose escalating surcharges on land in the United States that oil companies are leasing but not using and prohibit companies from obtaining additional leases unless they demonstrate that they are producing or diligently developing leases they already hold. Idle leases contain a vast amount of oil- solves the aff and avoids the NB Weiss, 12 -- Center for American Progress Action Fund senior fellow Daniel, “The American Energy Initiative,” congressional testimony, 9-13-12, www.americanprogressaction.org/wp-content/uploads/2012/09/WeissTestimony.pdf, accessed 1-31-13,
Despite their demand to open fragile, previously protected places for oil and gas production AND billion barrels of oil and 50 trillion cubic feet of natural gas. 91 Counterplan solves and avoids politics Mufson, 12 – Washington Post chief economic policy writer Steven, staff writer covering energy and other financial news, "Study: 20 million acres of federal oil, gas leases in Gulf of Mexico idle," Washington Post, 10-22-12, articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-10-22/business/35501614_1_gas-leases-oil-companies-massive-oil-spill, accessed 1-18-13,
Oil and natural gas companies are not exploring, developing or producing on more than AND leases by imposing a system of escalating surcharges as idle leases get older.
Saudi Arabia kept production near 9 million barrels for a second month, according to AND decades, according to data the government submitted to Joint Organization Data Initiatives. Saudi Arabia has hit a floor now, but the plan results in further cuts Jakob 13 Oliver, Managing Director at Petromatrix ,Swiss-based independent research group specialized in the oil markets, January 2013,Is Saudi Arabia cutting output in answer to increased US production?, http://www.cmegroup.com/education/files/petromatrix-saudi-output-oil-boom-2013-01-25.pdf
We think that it has mainly to do with the increased US crude oil production AND production is likely to bring that challenge back to front stage in 2013. Any further production cuts destroys Saudi Arabia’s geopolitical influence and internal stability Cala 13 Andres, Energy Tribune, Saudi Arabia’s New Oil Balancing Act, 1/31/13, http://www.energytribune.com/72109/saudi-arabias-new-oil-balancing-act
Saudi Arabia is facing a tough oil balancing act in 2013 and the remainder of AND market would serve to intensify and accelerate this effect,” Eurasia Group said. Causes Saudi –Iran conflict Indyk 11 (Martin, Vice president and director of the Brookings Institution’s foreign policy program and convener of the U.S.-Islamic World Forum, “Amid the Arab Spring, Obama’s dilemma over Saudi Arabia”, April 7, Washington Post, http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/amid-the-arab-spring-obamas-dilemma-over-saudi-arabia/2011/04/07/AFhILDxC_story.html) And the Saudi system is fragile. Power is concentrated in the hands of the AND . It could spell the end of Pax Americana in the Middle East. Goes Nuclear London 10 (Herbert, President Emeritus of Hudson Institute and Professor Emeritus of New York University, ““The Coming Crisis in the Middle East”, June, http://www.hudson.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=publication_detailsandid=7101andpubType=HI_Opeds
The gathering storm in the Middle East is gaining momentum. War clouds are on AND and the prospect of a second holocaust could lead to a nuclear exchange.
03/29/2013
NDT Rd 1 Conditions CP
Tournament: NDT | Round: 1 | Opponent: Minnesota CE | Judge: Repko, Wunderlich, Stone 1NC The United States executive branch should offer to the United States Congress to substantially reduce its restrictions on the production of crude oil on federal lands if, and only if, the Congress agrees to establish an Energy Security Trust fund, including support for advanced battery technology, that is funded by a portion of the drilling revenues generated by the plan The plan is key leverage to get the EST fund --- Congress says yes. Hannah, 2/19/2013 (John – senior fellow at the Washington Institute, In Obama's waning America, a glimmer of hope on energy security, Foreign Policy, p. http://shadow.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2013/02/19/in_obamas_waning_america_a_glimmer_of_hope_on_energy_security?wp_login_redirect=0) The weight of the argument certainly favors Republicans. Economically, expanding oil production will AND serious about it, Republicans should be prepared to meet him half way. EST Fund solves oil volatility, competitiveness, and increases funding for battery RandD. Securing America’s Future Energy, 12/3/2012 (Energy Security Leadership Council, Establish a federal Energy Security Fund seeded with revenues from new Outer Continental Shelf and Alaskan oil and natural gas production, p. http://secureenergy.org/sites/default/files/ESTF.pdf) Commercialization of advanced technology vehicles powered by non-petroleum fuels, including electricity and AND oil and natural gas resources held in currently inaccessible federal lands and waters. RandD funding for advanced batteries is key to clean tech and manufacturing leadership Cuttino, 12/1/2012 (Phyllis, - Director of the Pew Clean Energy Program, EVs Strengthen U.S. Competitiveness, National Journal, p. http://energy.nationaljournal.com/2012/10/whats-holding-back-electric-ca.php)
In his 2007 State of the Union Address, President George W. Bush declared AND domestic electricity – rather than foreign oil – are too significant to ignore. U.S. leadership on the broader green tech transition solves extinction Klarevas 9 –Louis Klarevas, Professor for Center for Global Affairs @ New York University, 12/15, “Securing American Primacy While Tackling Climate Change: Toward a National Strategy of Greengemony,” http://www.huffingtonpost.com/louis-klarevas/securing-american-primacy_b_393223.html As national leaders from around the world are gathering in Copenhagen, Denmark, to AND . needs to become green energy dominant as opposed to black energy independent.
Offshore drilling poses environmental risks The environmental risk taken by offshore drilling is very topical AND , and a ban would be a sure way to help preserve biodiversity.
No effect until after 2020 and it’s a tiny amount then – most is available already Newell ’11 (Richard Newell, the Gendell Associate Professor of Energy and Environmental Economics at the Nicholas School at Duke and the head of the U.S Energy Information Administration, 3-17-11, “STATEMENT OF RICHARD NEWELL ADMINISTRATOR ENERGY INFORMATION ADMINISTRATION U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY before the COMMITTEE ON NATURAL RESOURCES U.S. HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES,” http://www.eia.gov/neic/speeches/newell_03172011.pdf#page=7)
Access to offshore federal resources. As of January 2009, the mean estimate of AND is projected in the 2014 though 2035 period in the AEO2011 Reference case.
Japan is home to some of the world's largest and strongest companies—including consumer AND yen and attractive stock valuations—may offer growth potential for equity investors. No East China sea conflict Rudd 3/14 -- Former Prime Minister and Former Foreign Minister, Member, Australian Parliament, interview with Jonathan Tepperman (Kevin, 2013, "The Situation in North Korea and the Future of U.S.-China Relations," http://www.cfr.org/australasia-and-the-pacific/situation-north-korea-future-us-china-relations/p30230)
What ultimately drives this is a -- is a conflicting set of interests between rampant AND the national mistakes in the public discourse both about Japan and with Japan. No impact – rearm will be strategic, not aggressive Green ’07 (Michael, associate professor of international relations at the Walsh School of Foreign Service at Georgetown, and Japan Chair at CSIS. “Japan Is Back.” Foreign Affairs, March/April 2007, Vol. 86 Iss. 2, p. 142-147. Ebsco.)
The resurgence of Japanese power and purpose is not all about petty nationalism, even AND and for the world. The question is whether Washington fully comprehends this.
We think it would take clear evidence of a slowdown in demand for oil for AND that explains why high crude prices have not significantly slowed global GDP growth.
Economic decline doesn’t cause war Tir 10 Jaroslav Tir - Ph.D. in Political Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and is an Associate Professor in the Department of International Affairs at the University of Georgia, “Territorial Diversion: Diversionary Theory of War and Territorial Conflict”, The Journal of Politics, 2010, Volume 72: 413-425) Empirical support for the economic growth rate is much weaker. The finding that poor AND systemic problems plaguing the country (i.e., an underperforming economy). US not key—global economies decoupling Caryl, Sr. Fellow @ MIT, 10 Christian Caryl is a Editor at Foreign Policy and Newsweek and a Senior Fellow of the CSIS at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, “Crisis? What Crisis?” 4/5/10 http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2010/04/05/crisis_what_crisis?print=yesandhidecomments=yesandpage=full
We went through a terrifying moment back in the fall of 2008. The financial AND 2008-2009 crisis as the beginning of a more equitable global economy.
-- Food wars are a myth – there’s zero empirical evidence Salehyan 7 (Idean, Professor of Political Science – University of North Texas, “The New Myth About Climate Change”, Foreign Policy, Summer, http://www.foreignpolicy.com/story/cms.php?story_id=3922)
First, aside from a few anecdotes, there is little systematic empirical evidence that AND global warming causes conflict, we should not be witnessing this downward trend. Furthermore, if famine and drought led to the crisis in Darfur, why have AND there is much more to armed conflict than resource scarcity and natural disasters. No CCP collapse—the government represses instability Pei 9 (Minxin, Senior Associate in the China Program at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, 3/12. “Will the Chinese Communist Party Survive the Crisis?” Foreign Affairs. http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/64862/minxin-pei/will-the-chinese-communist-party-survive-the-crisis)
It might seem reasonable to expect that challenges from the disaffected urban middle class, AND and-true practices to ward off any organized movement against the regime.
Geopolitics High prices force US-Chinese cooperation on energy security – solves relations Shinn 07 Adjunct Professor, Elliott School of International Affairs, CSIS Report (David, "Africa, China, the United States, and Oil" may 8)
In the meantime, a senior U.S. official warned that Beijing’s ties AND China to develop a secure supply of crude at a reasonable international price.
Myth No. 1: Too few federal lands and waters are open for oil AND every year from 2008 to 2011 than it was from 2006 to 2008.
Empirically the world grew more peaceful when heg declined Fettweis 11 Christopher J. Fettweis - Department of Political Science Tulane University and Professor of National Security Affairs at the US Naval War College, “Free Riding or Restraint Examining European Grand Strategy”, Comparative Strategy; Sep/Oct2011, Vol. 30 Issue 4, p316-332, 17p, Chetan
It is perhaps worth noting that there is no evidence to support a direct relationship AND global policeman. Those who think otherwise base their view on faith alone. Relations fine and resilient -- interdependence Brookings 11/29 -- citing Dr. Jeffrey Bader -- John C. Whitehead Senior Fellow in International Diplomacy (2012, "U.S.-China Relations under Barack Obama and Xi Jinping," http://www.brookings.edu/events/2012/11/29-us-china-obama-jinping)
In Bader’s view, U.S.-China relations are in pretty good shape AND properly to China’s continued rise and its increasingly important role in global society. US-China relations are superficial – cooperation’s always fails, but issues don’t escalate Haixia 12 (Qi, Lecturer at Department of International Relations – Tsinghua University, “Football Game Rather Than Boxing Match: China–US Intensifying Rivalry Does not Amount to Cold War,” Chinese Journal of International Politics, 5(2), Summer, p. 105-127, http://cjip.oxfordjournals.org/content/5/2/105.full) Shortly after US President Obama and Australian Prime Minister Julia Gillard sealed the bilateral defense AND strategy, Sino–US relations will hence not teeter towards Cold War.
03/29/2013
NDT Rd 1 Neg Block T Restrictions
Tournament: NDT | Round: 1 | Opponent: Minnesota CE | Judge: Repko, Wunderlich, Stone T Topher.mair violation overview Framing issue – can you comply? You can comply with the aff’s regulation, but you cannot comply with restrictions Mohammed 7 Kerala High Court Sri Chithira Aero And Adventure ... vs The Director General Of Civil ... on 24 January, 1997 Equivalent citations: AIR 1997 Ker 121 Author: P Mohammed Bench: P Mohammed
Microlight aircrafts or hang gliders shall not be flown over an assembly of persons or AND relating to the operation, use etc. of aircrafts flying in India. ground Anell defines ‘restriction on production’ – they don’t – resolutional context is key to predictability Haneman 59, justice – Superior Court of New Jersey, Appellate Division, 12/4/59 (J.A.D., “RUSSELL S. BERTRAND, ET AL., PLAINTIFFS-RESPONDENTS, v. DONALD T. JONES, ET AL., DEFENDANTS-APPELLANTS,” 58 N.J. Super. 273; 156 A.2d 161; 1959 N.J. Super. LEXIS 569)
HN4 In ascertaining the meaning of the word "restrictions" as here employed, AND be construed as being used in the same limited fashion as "zoning."
conditions violation Conditions and restrictions are distinct – key to predictability and precision Pashman 63 - justice – New Jersey Supreme Court (Morris, “ISIDORE FELDMAN, PLAINTIFF AND THIRD-PARTY PLAINTIFF, v. URBAN COMMERCIAL, INC., AND OTHERS, DEFENDANT,” 25 March 1963. 78 N.J. Super. 520; 189 A.2d 467; 1963 N.J. Super. LEXIS 479)
HN3A title insurance policy "is subject to the same rules of construction as are AND ) the word is used ambiguously and must be strictly construed against defendant insurer
03/29/2013
NDT Rd 1 Neg Block Conditions CP
Tournament: NDT | Round: 1 | Opponent: Minnesota CE | Judge: Repko, Wunderlich, Stone Counterplan
Perm – Do the CP 2NC The CP is less than the plan --- it only implements the plan if Congress accepts the trade. It uses the plan as leverage. Severs immediacy – “Should” means immediate. Summer 1994 (Justice, Oklahoma Supreme Court, “Kelsey v. Dollarsaver Food Warehouse of Durant”, http://www.oscn.net/applications/oscn/DeliverDocument.asp?CiteID=20287#marker3fn14) 4 The legal question to be resolved by the court is whether the word " AND . 336, 337, 27 L.Ed. 201 (1882). Severs implementation – “Substantial” means the plan must happen. Words and Phrases 64 (40 WandP 759) The words “outward, open, actual, visible, substantial, and exclusive AND or pertaining to any others; undivided; sole; opposed to inclusive. “Reduce” means the plan has to remove a restriction. Wordnik No Date (“Reduce,” http://www.wordnik.com/words/reduce) In Scots law, to set aside by an action at law; rescind or annul by legal means: as, to reduce a deed, writing, etc. Milit., to take off the establishment and strike off the pay-roll, as a regiment. When a regiment is reduced, the officers are generally put upon half-pay. Severance is a voting issue – it kills CP competition, avoids DA links, and disproves the resolution. Making the aff a moving target makes debate impossible.
CP Theory
That’s key to decision-making. Williams, 6/20/2008 (Candace, An Educator’s Guide to Opportunity Cost and Rational Choice Theory, or “How I Learned to Continue Worrying but Advocate for TFA Reform (Instead of Total Dissolution)”, p. http://educatorblog.wordpress.com/2008/06/20/opportunity-cost/) The concept of opportunity cost is important to all decision-making processes The opportunity AND -making, we ensure the most efficient use of our scarce resources. Solvency Advocate It’s predictable – we have a solvency advocate. Jenkins, 3/19/2013 (Jesse – researcher at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, How Serious Are President Obama and Congressional Republicans About an Energy Security Trust Fund, The Energy Collective, p. http://theenergycollective.com/jessejenkins/200436/how-serious-are-president-obama-and-congressional-republicans-about-energy-secur) Given these bipartisan bonafides, one might think this concept was a slam dunk. AND gas production areas for new revenues dedicated to clean energy RandD.
Solvency – RandD Funding Clean energy RandD is underfunded --- CP is key to increase funding. Yin, 3/20/2013 (Clifton – Clean Energy Policy Analyst at the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, Energy Security Trust Fund an Important Policy Pilot for Supporting Innovation, The Energy Collective, p. http://theenergycollective.com/cliftonyin/201126/energy-security-trust-fund-important-policy-pilot-supporting-innovation) Tying next-generation transportation energy RandD to a dedicated revenue source is AND it to a critical endeavor like decarbonizing transportation, is a welcome move. Advanced Battery Impact – Auto Industry Battery industry key to auto competitiveness. Christian Science Monitor, 7/15/2010 (Why Obama is putting so much stock in battery technology, p.http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/2010/0715/Why-Obama-is-putting-so-much-stock-in-battery-technology ) The reason is that batteries are central to the president's election-year message that AND that dominates batteries is also likely take the lead in overall auto manufacturing.
EVs Good – Air Pollution 2NC EVs solve air pollution. Greenwald and Nigro, March 2012 (Judi – Project Director for the Center for Climate and Energy Solutions, and Nick – Project Manager for the Center for Climate and Energy Solutions, An Action Plan to Integrate Plug-In Electric Vehicles With the U.S. Electrical Grid, p. http://www.c2es.org/docUploads/PEV-action-plan.pdf) Local Air Quality Problem Description: Smog and other vehicle-related air pollutants continue AND responsible for upstream emissions, depending how the electricity they use is generated. Air pollution causes extinction. Driesen, Fall/Spring 2003 (David – Associate Professor at Syracuse University Law, 10 Buff Envt’l L.J. 25, p. Lexis- Nexis) Air pollution can make life unsustainable by harming the ecosystem upon which all life depends AND health and the environment, air quality implicates both of these concerns. 5
Perm 2NC Perm undermines Obama’s leverage --- the GOP won’t give him EST if they already have the plan. This seems pretty intuitive AND we have a card Jenkins, 3/19/2013 (Jesse – researcher at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, How Serious Are President Obama and Congressional Republicans About an Energy Security Trust Fund, The Energy Collective, p. http://theenergycollective.com/jessejenkins/200436/how-serious-are-president-obama-and-congressional-republicans-about-energy-secur) Unfortunately, Obama already agreed to open up new areas of the OCS for offshore AND is saving his cards for the negotiating table. But it's not clear. That means the GOP will say no --- Obama looks weak. Scheiber, 12/31/2012 (Noam – senior editor for the New Republic, Rhodes Scholar, M.A. in Economics from Oxford, Democrats’ Cliff Compromise is Bad; But the Strategic Consequences Are Disastrous, The New Republic, p. http://www.newrepublic.com/blog/plank/111521/the-cliff-compromise-bad-the-strategic-consequences-are-disastrous) Instead, the emerging deal will reinforce the convictions that have made the GOP such AND ever believe this? I certainly don’t, and I desperately want to.
03/29/2013
NDT Rd 1 Neg Block Case
Tournament: NDT | Round: 1 | Opponent: Minnesota CE | Judge: Repko, Wunderlich, Stone Geopolitics Squo Solves/Plan Doesn’t – 2NC Status quo solves – oil production is up on federal lands and opening up new areas would do nothing to increase drilling or production . 70 % of undiscovered oil is on already opened lands – only a risk of our DA’s – that’s Weiss Their evidence is industry propaganda – oil production is up now Weiss 13 Daniel J, Senior Fellow and the Director of Climate Strategy at American Progress, 2/28/13, http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/green/news/2013/02/28/54907/5-oily-myths-about-gasoline-prices/
After the tragic BP Deepwater Horizon oil spill in 2010, the Department of the AND 2012 to an average 1.39 million bbl/d in 2013.
Lots of drilling now Conathan 12 (Michael Conathan is the Director of Ocean Policy at American Progress. AND )
It hasn’t worked yet. There are currently more oil rigs operating on U. AND reduce the cost of gasoline by two cents, and not until 2030.
Shale Solves 2NC sq production solves ---
a) companies are only reducing shale plays because it’s so abundant and cheap---but low prices are self-correcting Knowledge@Wharton 12, the University of Pennsylvania’s business school, “The Once and Future U.S. Shale Gas Revolution,” 8/29/12, http://knowledge.wharton.upenn.edu/article.cfm?articleid=3068 Today, operators are pulling back from more mature shale gas fields, such as AND against his personal stake in the company's wells, according to news reports. Still, the recent shale gas boom is far from over, and a full AND . Scamuffa, U.S. chemicals leader at PwC in Philadelphia.
The Energy Regulatory Commission (ERC) is likely to review fuel pump prices downwards AND also remained stable hence giving high hopes for a slight drop in March. Chemical Industry Strong Chemical industry strong Burns 3/22 -- Co-Editor and Co-Founder of MetalMiner, and has over 30 years of international metal supply experience (Stuart, 2013, "Dow Shows Enthusiasm For Low-Cost U.S. Natural Gas," http://seekingalpha.com/article/1295321-dow-shows-enthusiasm-for-low-cost-u-s-natural-gas?source=google_news)
In the chemical-manufacturing sector alone, companies are building plants worth an estimated AND six additional indirect or induced jobs to serve that job," Cella said. -- Asian chemical companies will fill-in CEN 4 (Chemical and Engineering News, 1-12, http://pubs.acs.org/cen/coverstory/8202/html/8202asia.html)
China's outstanding economic performance is having a major impact on the Asian chemical industry. AND petrochemical cycle and are confident of achieving even better performance in the future."
2NC Heg/War – Fettweis Biz No wars absent hegemony – nuclear deterrence, globalization, insituitions and democracy will exist with or without the US and will check great power conflict Unipolarity is comparatively meaningless to other factors in preventing conflict Legro 11 (Jeffrey W. – professor of politics and Randolph P. Compton Professor in the Miller Center at the University of Virginia, Sell unipolarity? The future of an overvalued concept in International Relations Theory and the Consequences of Unipolarity, p. EBook)
Such a view, however, is problematic. What seems increasingly clear is that AND ideational content as by material capabilities. Again polarity loses ground in significance. Econ 2NC US Econ Resilient Prefer our authors – their evidence is biased by economic Stockholm syndrome Dornbrook, 10 – Reporter for the Kansas City Business Journal, Citing Brian Wesbury – Chief Economist for First Trust Advisors and Author (James, "Economist: Ongoing rebound gives reason for optimism", January 8th 2010, May 21st 2010, http://kansascity.bizjournals.com/kansascity/stories/2010/01/04/daily46.html) People should start being more optimistic about the economy because it probably will continue rebounding AND out in March 2009 and that recovery is under way, he said. Case
Japan’s economy stabilized in the fourth quarter after two quarters of a shallow recession, AND growth this year on the back of a global recovery and Abe’s policies. No East China sea conflict – they are rational actors that wouldn’t go to war because of deterrence Rudd 3/14 -- Former Prime Minister and Former Foreign Minister, Member, Australian Parliament, interview with Jonathan Tepperman (Kevin, 2013, "The Situation in North Korea and the Future of U.S.-China Relations," http://www.cfr.org/australasia-and-the-pacific/situation-north-korea-future-us-china-relations/p30230)
What ultimately drives this is a -- is a conflicting set of interests between rampant AND the national mistakes in the public discourse both about Japan and with Japan. Cooperation over Senkaku now Yoshioka 3/22 Keiko, Asahi Shimbun, Japanese economic leaders, Beijing politicos seek to improve ties, 3/22/13, http://ajw.asahi.com/article/economy/business/AJ201303220084
Members of the Japan-China Economic Association met with a former Chinese state official AND better to promote exchanges and cooperation (in economic fields) as planned.” Rearm is strategic and will not be used in an aggressive manner – Tokyo will do so peacefully – that prevents escalation Green ’07 (Michael, associate professor of international relations at the Walsh School of Foreign Service at Georgetown, and Japan Chair at CSIS. “Japan Is Back.” Foreign Affairs, March/April 2007, Vol. 86 Iss. 2, p. 142-147. Ebsco.)
The resurgence of Japanese power and purpose is not all about petty nationalism, even AND and for the world. The question is whether Washington fully comprehends this.
03/29/2013
NDT Rd 1 Neg Block Politics Imm Ref
Tournament: NDT | Round: 1 | Opponent: Minnesota CE | Judge: Repko, Wunderlich, Stone Impact – 2NC Cyberattacks crush heg Schmitt 99 (Michael, Prof Int’l Law, European Center Security Studies, Visiting scholar @ yale law, retired air force judge advocate, columbia journal transnational law) *Note – CNA = Computer Network Attacks Facing these realities, a lesser-advantaged state hoping to seriously harm a dominant AND as the Central Intelligence Agency, currently operates an information operations center.38 Cyber attacks collapse the economy Habiger 10 (Eugene, Retired Air Force General, “Cyberwarfare and Cyberterrorism: The Need for a New U.S. Strategic Approach”, Cyber Security Institute, 2-1, http://cybersecureinstitute.org/docs/whitepapers/Habiger_2 _1_10.pdf) However, there are reasons to believe that what is going on now amounts to AND , impacting everything from the quality of life in these areas to agriculture.
President Obama will host a naturalization ceremony on Monday for 28 new citizens, including AND would back immigration reform, including measures to provide a pathway to citizenship. Will Pass – A2: Labor Labor issue’s resolved – PC key Lerer 3-28 (Lisa, Bloomberg, “Obama, senators upbeat on immigration overhaul,” Bloomberg News, http://www.philly.com/philly/news/nation_world/20130328_Obama__senators_upbeat_on_immigration_overhaul.html)
"Bottom line is, we are very close," Schumer, who is part AND privately to lawmakers in the group and dispatched aides to provide technical support. Will Pass – A2: Guest Workers A deal is close --- this assumes the guest worker argument. Washington Times, 3/27/2013 (Immigration agreement ‘very close’ in Congress; guest workers still a hurdle, p. http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2013/mar/27/national-latino-coalition-pushes-immigration-refor/) Members of the “Gang of Eight” tasked with carving out a comprehensive immigration AND , we’ve been on the phone all day with our four other colleagues.”
While the White House has deferred to the Senate group AND Senate negotiators say they are close to a final deal. A2: Thumper – General Pivoting to immigration away from other issues Hook 3-24 (Janet, “Congress Set to Alter Focus After Passing Two Budgets,” Wall Street Journal, http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887323466204578380820319800066.html)
After the Senate passed its budget this weekend, Congress is expected to pivot to AND although they fell short of their goal of reaching consensus before leaving town.
The former White House aide adds, “Bipartisan groups of senators and congressmen are AND to understand that progress is more likely with the president on the sideline.”
OCS – 2NC Plan costs political capital MART 8 Mergers and Acquisitions Round Table, This section includes quotes from Andrew Spitzer, Founder of the Energy and Power Group at Harris and Williams Co., and Douglas Korn of Irving Place Partners. “Combustible; The volatility of the energy sector has turned the industry upside down. Top players in the space discuss what this means for investors and how dealmakers can capitalize.,” Dec 1, Lexis But it’s also important to remember that oil is a fungible commodity and the price AND through an energy policy that tries to¶ accomplish what either candidate proposed. Plan can only hurt Obama – only opposition to the plan—kills democrat support Margaret Kriz Hobson 12, EandE reporter, April 18, http://www.eenews.net/public/energywire/2012/04/18/1 OFFSHORE DRILLING: Obama's development plans gain little political traction in years since Gulf spill AND the Gulf of Mexico and excludes the West Coast and northern East Coast. No turns---liberals hate the plan and conservatives won’t give Obama credit for it Walsh 11, Bryan, TIME Senior editor, November 9, “Why Obama’s Offshore Drilling Plan Isn’t Making Anyone Happy,” http://science.time.com/2011/11/09/why-obamas-offshore-drilling-plan-isnt-making-anyone-happy/#ixzz26snhDbbI Nonetheless, Obama has set a target of reducing U.S. oil imports AND with so many other issues for Obama, it’s lonely at the center. Empirics EandE Daily 12 (Environment and Energy Daily, 1/17, lexis) Despite an impressive track record at clearing energy and public lands measures, the Senate AND environmentalists and many Democrats say it already infringes on too many sensitive areas.
While most of the drilling proposal can be undertaken using executive power, expanded drilling AND Sierra Club and the Natural Resources Defense Council — also slammed the proposal.
A2: Oil Lobbies Turn Oil lobby weak - congressional defiance proves Learsy, 9/10 (Raymond J., "No Oil Producing and Exporting Cartels Act': A Presidential Issue And A Test Of Political Integrity", Politics Daily, lexis) Yet some years ago, in 2007, there was a genuine effort to change AND clear that he would veto the bill should it land on his desk. Politicians aren’t swayed- proves no support NFN, 12 (News From Nowhere, “The Politics of Energy”, July 6, http://newsfromnowhere.info/archive/issue-15-april-20-2012/the-politics-of-energy) The oil industry is one of America's biggest recipients of corporate welfare, sucking up AND River Basin, was appointed Assistant Secretary in charge of Lands and Minerals. Oil lobby influence limited – can only maintain current benefits Davenport, 12 (Coral, "Slick Operators", National Journal, March 1, lexis) To be sure, the oil lobby doesn't win every battle. AND many advantages they already have, such as the tax breaks that Democrats have been trying to slash for years.
AT: Cyber Attacks Fail Even if it fails, the U.S. will retaliate --- starts World War III Lawson 9 (Dr. Sean, Assistant Professor in Communication – University of Utah, “Cross-Domain Response to Cyber Attacks and the Threat of Conflict Escalation”, Transformation Tracker, 5-13, http://www.seanlawson.net/ ?p=477) At a time when it seems impossible to avoid the seemingly growing hysteria over the AND deny that nuclear retaliation remains an option for response to a massive cyberattack:
03/29/2013
NDT Rd 3 1NC
Tournament: NDT | Round: 3 | Opponent: Louisville VW | Judge: 1NC Energy PRODUCTION means the extraction or capture of energy from natural resources – that’s distinct from ENERGIZING debate space and hypotheticals about aliens DOCC 8 (Australian Government’s Department of Climate Change, “National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting Guidelines,” http://www.climatechange.gov.au/government/initiatives/~/media/publications/greenhouse-report/nger-reporting-guidelines.ashx) Energy Production ‘Energy production’ is defined in r. 2.23: Production of energy, in relation to a facility, … from one form to another form for final consumption by or from the operation of the facility or for use other than in the operation of the facility. Debate games open up dialogue which fosters information processing – they open up infinite frameworks making the game impossible Haghoj 8 – PhD, affiliated with Danish Research Centre on Education and Advanced Media Materials, asst prof @ the Institute of Education at the University of Bristol (Thorkild, 2008, "PLAYFUL KNOWLEDGE: An Explorative Study of Educational Gaming," PhD dissertation @ Institute of Literature, Media and Cultural Studies, University of Southern Denmark, http://static.sdu.dk/mediafiles/Files/Information_til/Studerende_ved_SDU/Din_uddannelse/phd_hum/afhandlinger/2009/ThorkilHanghoej.pdf) Debate games are often based on pre-designed scenarios … be dialogue as an end in itself” (Wegerif, 2006: 61). The opening of infinite frameworks destroys stasis – agreement on the topic as the starting point for debate creates a platform of argumentative stability that is the crucial foundation for deliberation and makes debate meaningful O’Donnell 4 (Dr. Tim, Director of Debate – Mary Washington U., “And the Twain Shall Meet: Affirmative Framework Choice and the Future of Debate”, Debater’s Research Guide, http://groups.wfu.edu/debate/MiscSites/ DRGArticles/Framework%20article%20for%20the%20DRG%20final2.doc) According to the Oxford English Dictionary, a framework consists of “a set of standards, beliefs, or … and gives the exchange a directed focus.
A limited topic of discussion that provides for equitable ground is key to productive teaching of decision-making and advocacy skills in every and all facets of life---even if their position is contestable that’s distinct from it being valuably debatable---this still provides room for flexibility, creativity, and innovation, but targets the discussion to avoid mere statements of fact Steinberg and Freeley 8 *Austin J. Freeley is a Boston based attorney who focuses on criminal, personal injury and civil rights law, AND David L. Steinberg , Lecturer of Communication Studies @ U Miami, Argumentation and Debate: Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision Making pp45- Debate is a means of settling differences, so there must be a difference …on a particular point of difference, which will be outlined in the following discussion.
Limits outweigh – they’re the vital access point for any theory impact – its key to fairness – huge research burdens mean we can’t prepare to compete – and its key to education – big topics cause hyper-generics, lack of clash, and shallow debate – and it destroys participation Rowland 84 (Robert C., Debate Coach – Baylor University, “Topic Selection in Debate”, American Forensics in Perspective, Ed. Parson, p. 53-54) The first major problem identified by the work group as relating to topic selection is the …view, it is the competitive imbalance resulting from the use of broad topics that has led some small schools to cancel their programs. Effective decision-making outweighs--- Only portable skill---means our framework turns case Steinberg and Freeley 8 *Austin J. Freeley is a Boston based attorney who focuses on criminal, personal injury and civil rights law, AND David L. Steinberg , Lecturer of Communication Studies @ U Miami, Argumentation and Debate: Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision Making pp9-10 After several days of intense debate, first the … ourselves, a customer for out product, or a vote for our favored political candidate.
1NC The problem with this approach is that it falls in lock step with the most essential conventions of neoliberalism. Under neoliberalism, we are told that the locus of action is the individual – and that if individuals experience inequality, they ought to address those conditions as an individual. This system makes coalition building against system inequality impossible.
Smith '94 (Sharon, "Mistaken Identity", International Socialism Journal, Spring, issue 62, http:llpubs.socialistreviewindex.org.uklisj62lsmith.htm) But the dominance of identity politics is a guarantee against building a … it is one which will be fought out in the context of the class struggle, not the musings of ex-Marxist academics. Approaching issues of racial injustice outside of the lens of neoliberalism is theoretically bankrupt – market relations systematically strip us of the vocabulary needed to cultivate a sense of collective responsibility and install a conception of freedom as the absence of external constraints – criticizing neoliberalism is logically prior to addressing their impacts. Giroux 3 (Henry A., Waterbury Chair Professor in the Department of Curriculum and Instruction at Pennsylvania State University, Communication Education, Vol. 52, No. 3/4, July/October, “Spectacles of Race and Pedagogies of Denial: Anti-Black Racist Pedagogy Under the Reign of Neoliberalism,” p. 196-198) Under the reign of neoliberalism in the United States, society is largely defined through …to the New Right, corporate power, and neoliberal ideologies. Neoliberalism’s extermination of the public sphere leads to social exclusion and racial apartheid Giroux 4 (Henry A. – Global Television Network Chair Professor at McMaster University 2004 Henry Neoliberalism and the Demise of Democracy: Resurrecting Hope in Dark Times Dissident Voice http://dissidentvoice.org/Aug04/Giroux0807.htm) The ideology and power of neoliberalism also cuts across national …the growing inequalities between the rich and the poor. 7 This effects of this system are felt in the everyday lives of real people – Dean Blanchard, a fisherman in Louisiana, describes the effects of corporate control of energy production in his gulf-coast community… Kistner 12 (Rocky, “Fossil Fuel Subsidies: the Answer Lies in the Gulf,” 6-22-12. http://theenergycollective.com/rockykistner/87692/fossil-fuel-subsidies-answer-lies-gulf You don’t have to go to Brazil to find out why this polluter payoff system has tragic consequences. …like we can’t fix things after an oil spill like this.” Thus, in contrast with the Aff, we prevent the following advocacy statement: The USFG should INCREASE restrictions on conversations of energy production to account for what occurs in the urban space, just as the debate community should INCREASE restrictions on knowledge production to account for the urban space of this community. Critical reflection opens spaces of resistance by which we can reframe our relationship to systems of power in a manner that enhances human agency and threatens their existence Giroux 6 (Henry A. – Global Television Network Chair, Professor at McMaster University, “Academic Freedom under Fire: The Case for Critical Pedagogy”, Fall 2006, JSTOR) What makes critical pedagogy so dangerous to Christian evangelicals, neoconservatives, … that are now at risk in the latest and most dangerous attack on higher education.
Case
Reject their affirmation of performance as a strategy for contesting racial oppression – anti-racist performance isn’t revolutionary or transformative but rather functions to re-inscribe and conceal oppression. Ahmed 4 (Sara Ahmed, Reader in Race and Cultural Studies, Goldsmiths College, University of London, Borderlands E-Journal, Volume 3, Number 2, “Declarations of Whiteness: The Non-Performativity of Anti-Racism,” http://www.borderlands.net.au/vol3no2_2004/ahmed_declarations.htm)
50. This might sound like an argument about the performativity of race. I am sympathetic … may even be repeated and intensified, through declarations of whiteness, or through the recognition of privilege as privilege. Identity politics fractures warming movements---reformism is necessary George Monbiot, English Writer and Environmental and Political Activist, 9-4-2008, “Identity Politics in Climate Change Hell,” http://www.celsias.com/article/identity-politics-climate-change-hell/ If you want a glimpse of how the movement against climate change … this urgent task into the identity politics that have wrecked so many movements. Extinction Mazo 10 (Jeffrey Mazo – PhD in Paleoclimatology from UCLA, Managing Editor, Survival and Research Fellow for Environmental Security and Science Policy at the International Institute for Strategic Studies in London, 3-2010, “Climate Conflict: How global warming threatens security and what to do about it,” pg. 122) The best estimates for global warming to the end of the … in the best case adaptation to these extremes would mean profound social, cultural and political changes.
Studies prove debate enhances the advancement of minority communities and closes the learning gap. National Association for Urban Debate Leagues 2009 (Urban Debate League Case Statement: Evidence-Based, Field-Tested Approach, p. http://www.urbandebate.org/casestatement.pdf) Rigor, Relevance, and Relationships Academic debate enjoys wide support from teachers and … seismically shift the entire culture of teaching and learning.
3) Effective deliberation is the lynchpin of solving all existential global problems – being relevantly informed is key Christian O. Lundberg 10 Professor of Communications @ University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, “Tradition of Debate in North Carolina” in Navigating Opportunity: Policy Debate in the 21st Century By Allan D. Louden, p311 The second major problem with the critique that identifies a … the existential challenges to democracy in an increasingly complex world. That proves there is a topical version of their performance – incentivize energy on different cites, or decentralized renewables which allow for community control Hager, professor of political science – Bryn Mawr College, ‘92 (Carol J., “Democratizing Technology: Citizen and State in West German Energy Politics, 1974-1990” Polity, Vol. 25, No. 1, p. 45-70)
What is the role of the citizen in the modern technological state? …of "technological democracy"-is an important outcome of grassroots action.
Establishing constraints on the topics for discussion in debate does not cause internal exclusion and breaking down those constraints doesn’t solve it because the absence of clash and the refusal of the burden of rejoinder only flips external exclusion---the way to resolve internal exclusion is to broaden the scope of what counts as a persuasive argument within a given topic---for example, our model of debate would welcome the use of narrative and personal experience on behalf of a topical argument---this middle ground most effectively resolves their exclusion arguments Gert Biesta et al 9, professor of Education and Director of Research at the School of Education, University of Stirling, Susan Verducci , Assistant Professor at the Humanities Department at San José State University, and Michael S. Katz, professor of philosophy and education at San Jose State, Education, Democracy and the Moral Life, 2009, p. 105-107 This example not only shows why the issue of inclusion …what is to be done remains central” (ibid., p.168). The affirmatives “call for an end of society” forecloses changes in democracy and causes worse forms of oppression like Al-Qaeda – we embrace “democracy to come” – it’s not perfect, but we should try to perfect it Derrida 3 (Jacques, director of studies at the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, “Autoimmunity: Real and Symbolic Suicides,” Philosophy in a Time of Terror, ed Giovanna Borradori, p. 113-114)
DERRIDA: What appears to me unacceptable in …bear any such promise coming from "bin Laden," at least not one for this world.
This cards ends the debate – we turn all of their narrative arguments – narratives can only produce legal change though adversary exchange among competing views which can only occur when there is proper stasis. Outside of our framework, narratives are doomed to failure. Abrams 91 (Kathryn, professor of law at Cornell University's Law School and a nationally recognized scholar on feminist jurisprudence, “Hearing the Call of Stories,” California Law Review, 79 (4), Article 1, http://scholarship.law.berkeley.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1804andcontext=californialawreview) Underlying these concerns about the prescriptive implications of narratives …and statistical significance are necessary attributes of any claim to know about the world.
We control uniqueness – business encroachment on deliberative spheres is happening rapidly, it is incumbent upon us to resist that influence Edwards 9 (Michael, Oxford, Senior Fellow at Demos, former Regional Director for Oxfam – Southern Africa, director of the Ford Foundations’ Governance and Civil Society Program, Civil Society, p. viii-ix, Polity Press)
The second set of challenges have come from the economic arena, and … large enough to force through long-term shifts in politics, economics and social relations? Critical reflection opens spaces of resistance by which we can reframe our relationship to systems of power in a manner that enhances human agency and threatens their existence Giroux 6 (Henry A. – Global Television Network Chair, Professor at McMaster University, “Academic Freedom under Fire: The Case for Critical Pedagogy”, Fall 2006, JSTOR) What makes critical pedagogy so dangerous to Christian evangelicals…that are now at risk in the latest and most dangerous attack on higher education.
Attributing priority to race in anti-racist discourse reifies race, normalizing inequality and inspiring reactionary conservativism – highlighting neoliberalism is key. Dirlik 8 (Arif, chair professor of Chinese studies at the Chinese University of Hong Kong, honorary director of the CUHK-Chiang Ching-kuo Asia Pacific Centre for Chinese Studies, concurrent professor at the Center for the Study of Marxist Social Theory @ Nanjing University, distinguished visiting professor at the Peter Wall Institute for Advanced Studies @ University of British Columbia, PMLA, Vol. 123, No. 5, October, “Race Talk, Race, and Contemporary Racism,” p. 1372-1377, Modern Language Association) The experience of the United States following the Civil War may help shed light on these … race talk in its place is an important step toward this end.
Interrogating economic ideology is key to successful antiracist struggles. Macedo and Gounari 3 (Donaldo, Distinguished Professor of Education at the University of Massachusetts, Boston, and Panayota, Assistant Professor in the Applied Linguistics Graduate Program at the University of Massachusetts, Boston, “Globalization and The Unleashing of New Racism: An Introduction,” in The Globalization of Racism, Eds. Donaldo Macedo and Panayota Gounari, p. 26-28) An authentic revolution based on "cultural action for freedom" differs radically from a reform …economic and basic needs, which he substitutes for logic, and which shape and explain each of the traits he assigns to the colonized."72
Our location is the central place for this struggle to take place – we need to use our agency as students to prioritize neoliberalism – this can help challenge the privatization of the debate space and lead to effective state based political reforms to Giroux 11 (Henry A. Giroux, Global TV Network Chair in English and Cultural Studies at McMaster University, 21 November 2011, “Occupy Colleges Now: Students as the New Public Intellectuals”, http://www.truth-out.org/occupy-colleges-now-students-new-public-intellectuals/1321891418) Finding our way to a more humane future demands a …with the struggle for eliminating injustice wherever it occurs and hope with a realistic notion of social change.
03/30/2013
NDT Round 6: Case V Trinity MR
Tournament: NDT | Round: 6 | Opponent: Trinity MR | Judge: Arnett, Phillips, Hester Unrestricted energy is impossible because state laws, government action, personal constraints are inevitable
Careful licensing’s key to prevent accidents and prolif regardless of the safety design of the SMR Lyman, 11 – senior scientist, Global Security Program, Union of Concerned Scientists (Edwin, 7/14. “An Examination of the Safety and Economics of Light Water Small Modular Reactors.” http://www.ucsusa.org/assets/documents/nuclear_power/lyman-appropriations-subcom-7-14-11.pdf)
Proponents of small modular reactors (SMRs) claim that their designs have inherent safety AND comparable or even greater safety, security and proliferation risks than large reactors.
The intense radioactive heat within today's operating reactors is the hottest anywhere on the planet AND core of our life and of all future generations must be shut down.
Life has intrinsic value that is unattached to instrumental capacity Penner 5 (Melinda, Director of Operations – STR, “End of Life Ethics: A Primer”, Stand to Reason, http://www.str.org/site/News2?page=NewsArticleandid=5223) Intrinsic value is very different. Things with intrinsic value are valued for their own AND states of being (e.g., happiness) they can experience. Value to life can’t be calculated Schwartz 2 (Lisa, M.D., Associate Professor of Medicine – Dartmouth College Medical School, et al., Medical Ethics: A Case Based Approach, www.fleshandbones.com/readingroom/pdf/399.pdf) The first criterion that springs to mind regarding the value of life is usually the AND would simplify decisions about the value of a life based on its quality.
Deleuzian resistance is hopeless – their method is a narcissistic fantasy Mann 95 (Professor of English at Pomona, Paul, “Stupid Undergrounds,” PostModern Culture 5:3, Project MUSE)
Intellectual economics guarantees that even the most powerful and challenging work cannot protect itself from AND underground is the curved space in which this opposition turns back on itself. Their rejection of reason and democracy weakens political engagement --- results in ethnocentrism and strengthening of authoritarian politics. Wolin 2004 (Richard – Distinguished Professor of History at the CUNY Graduate Center, The Seduction of Unreason: The Intellectual Romance with Fascism from Nietzsche to Postmodernism, p. https://pup.princeton.edu/chapters/i7705.html) From latter-day anti-philosophes like Nietzsche and Heidegger, poststructuralists have inherited AND resources indispensable for confronting the authoritarian assertions of difference so prevalent today.30 -- Turn – vanguard politics – the outcome of the Aff is a revolutionary politics – in practice, this only results in tyranny and genocide Barbrook 98 (Richard, coordinator of the Hypermedia Research Centre at the University of Westminster, 8-27, http://amsterdam.nettime.org/Lists-Archives/nettime-l-9808/msg00091.html)
Deleuze and Guattari enthusiastically joined this attack against the concept of historical progress. For AND genocide. The 'line of flight' from Stalin had led to Pol Pot. -- Transition wars – elites will fight back – causing global war Harris 3 (Lee, Analyst – Hoover Institution and Author of The Suicide of Reason, “The Intellectual Origins of America-Bashing”, Policy Review, January, http://www.hoover.org/publications/policyreview/3458371.html)
This is the immiserization thesis of Marx. And it is central to revolutionary Marxism AND the social order and all socialist schemes would be reduced to pipe dreams.
03/30/2013
NDT Round 6: Production PIC
Tournament: NDT | Round: 6 | Opponent: Trinity MR | Judge: Hester, Phillips, Arnett We endorse the 1AC sans the term “production”—this is prior to the politics of the 1AC. The affirmative’s deployment of “production” reifies a deadly linguistic spillover that glorifies calculative, economic thought—this is uniquely true of energy usage. The more accurate term is extraction. Catton ’73 (William Jr., Well-known American sociologist, former professor of sociology at Wash. State., “EXTENSIONAL ORIENTATION AND THE ENERGY PROBLEM,” http://www.generalsemantics.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/articles/etc/63-3-catton.pdf,) The semantic malfunction that accounts for the president’s enormously inadequate recognition of “stark fact AND how these processes may be articulated with other natural processes that affect us. Clinging to outdated word-maps like “production” turns the case Catton ’73 (William Jr., Well-known American sociologist, former professor of sociology at Wash. State., “EXTENSIONAL ORIENTATION AND THE ENERGY PROBLEM, http://www.generalsemantics.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/articles/etc/63-3-catton.pdf) Humanitarian attitudes to which many of us have been proud to adhere have caused us AND will make a bad situation worse as long as we cling to them.
03/30/2013
NDT Round 6: K V Trinity
Tournament: NDT | Round: 6 | Opponent: Trinity MR | Judge: Hester, Phillips, Arnett 1NC Disenchantment is never total, and we can recover possibilities for connection to the world within technology. A rational approach is critical to both confronting the logic of technological destuction, and to re integrating a sense of wonder into technology. Feenberg 7 (Andrew, Canada Research Chair in the Philosophy of Technology in the School of Communication at Simon Fraser University, Danish Yearbook of Philosophy, Volume 42, “Between Reason and Experience,” p. 19-21, http://www.sfu.ca/~andrewf/books/Between_Reason_and_Experience_DYP42.pdf)
What has proven fatal to Marcuse’s reputation is his hopeful argument for radical social and AND closer connection between politics and technology, a more convincing alternative may appear. Vote Neg – utilizing technology and scientific rationality is critical to re-integrate a sense of wonder into technology and transform our relationship to instrumental reason. Feenberg 7 (Andrew, Canada Research Chair in the Philosophy of Technology in the School of Communication at Simon Fraser University, Danish Yearbook of Philosophy, Volume 42, “Between Reason and Experience,” p. 24-27, http://www.sfu.ca/~andrewf/books/Between_Reason_and_Experience_DYP42.pdf)
As I reformulate this social version of the technical revealing, it has political consequences AND through nature and causality through freedom” (Marcuse, 1969: 31).
Overview
There is no impact defense in the 2AC – ecological destruction escalates to extinction – proves its try or die for the negative Whoops they’ve missed the boat on our criticism – 2AC cross-x proves not all forms of rationality or technological thought are bad – however, the 1AC makes the explicit statement of affirming energy production unfettered by any restriction or representation – the 1AC takes the position of reducing all restrictions on energy production – that’s bad Kritik turns and outweighs the case – Extinction – unfettered energy production causes extinction – that’s 1NC Feenberg. Provisionally utilizing technological rationality is key to avert the wholesale devestation of the earth. Turns case – using technology to address the problems wrought from human interaction with our ecology re-installs a sense of wonder into human existence by reinvigorating our relationship to both technology and other people. There monolithic assertion of absolute and total disenchantment is essentialist and false The Alt solves the Aff – View it as a PIC out of the affirmative’s total rejection of restrictions on energy – we don’t affirm the status quo system of restricting energy production but we also don’t reject restrictions a priori. Provisionally utilizing technological rationality to cultivate restrictions in the direction of sustainability is key to create the conditions in which creative and unpredictable relationships to one another can emerge and flourish.
Proven by things such as our case arguments – unfeterred removal
A2: Perm I will quote lines from the 1AC to prove the permutation severs –
“Every instance is key to summon the specters around us”
“We affirm the production of energy, unfettered from any restriction of representation.” All of this proves that the affirmative affirms the removal all restrictions on energy , rather than provisionally recognizing that some restrictions can cultivate a sense of creativity and new unpredictable relationships with our surroundings in the direction of sustainability – that proves the alt solves better alone and that they sever – that’s a voting issue
Makes the aff a moving target- the affirmative can change any part of their plan to avoid any negative argument. This skews fairness in that they could change their plan in the 2AR and we’d never be able to argue with them.
Infinitely regressive- allowing the aff to sever out of one part of their plan justifies them severing out of all but one word of their plan text and claiming solvency from it. The neg would never win in such a world, which kills competitive equity.
Neg Strategy- The affirmative speaks first, last, and has infinite prep time, while the negative has mere minutes before the 1NC. With time already limited, allowing the aff to change their advocacy after the 1AC completely kills neg strategy and makes for a wholly unfair debate.
Education- When the affirmative constantly changes advocacies, it becomes impossible to learn from a debate round because we debate over running away from arguments. Doing nothing and focusing on ontology is useless for confronting the practical dangers of technology – their detached attitude is more calculative. Davison 1 (Aidan, Geography and Environmental Studies @ Tasmania, Technology and the Contested Meanings of Sustainability p. 132-136)
Heidegger says that the question that can free us from technology is this: How AND digital lines in an effort to maximize the production of competitive educational product?
A2: Science In their paradigm technology automatically causes disaster. Feenberg 00 (Andrew, Philosophy @ San Diego State, in Technology and the Good Life? Eds. Eric Higgs, Andrew Light and David Strong, p. 303-304)
Borgmann's critique of technology pursues the larger connections and social implications masked by the device AND for philosophy. A certain conception of philosophy is implied in this approach.
Alt The alternative is an example of a transcendental/pragmatic, which can create complimentary between instrumental rationality and a grounding in something beyond it – that solves the aff and gives us unique offense Feenberg 7 (Andrew, Canada Research Chair in the Philosophy of Technology in the School of Communication at Simon Fraser University, Danish Yearbook of Philosophy, Volume 42, “Between Reason and Experience,” p. 21-23, http://www.sfu.ca/~andrewf/books/Between_Reason_and_Experience_DYP42.pdf)
We are in a better position to address this problem than were these predecessors. AND with the structure of technical action as it has developed in modern times. Using innovations to address environmental concerns solves technological reductionism Feenberg 00 (Andrew, Philosophy @ San Diego State, in Technology and the Good Life? Eds. Eric Higgs, Andrew Light and David Strong, p. 312-313)
In conclusion I would like to return briefly to Heidegger's critical account of our times AND recognize that possibility and to criticize the present in the light of it. Using knowledge to address their own limitations is crucial to redesign our relationship to nature Feenberg 7 (Andrew, Canada Research Chair in the Philosophy of Technology in the School of Communication at Simon Fraser University, Danish Yearbook of Philosophy, Volume 42, “Between Reason and Experience,” p. 27-29, http://www.sfu.ca/~andrewf/books/Between_Reason_and_Experience_DYP42.pdf)
Today we confront a world of artifacts so elaborate and complex that it overshadows our AND the road they opened, we will be able to realize their vision.
03/30/2013
NDT Round 6: Framework
Tournament: NDT | Round: 6 | Opponent: Trinity MR | Judge: Hester, Phillips, Arnett 1NC A. Interpretation – debate is a game that requires the aff to have a defense of increased energy production for one or more of the following: crude oil, natural gas, coal, nuclear, wind, or solar. Energy production means the extraction or capture of energy from resources DOCC 8 (Australian Government’s Department of Climate Change, “National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting Guidelines,” http://www.climatechange.gov.au/government/initiatives/~/media/publications/greenhouse-report/nger-reporting-guidelines.ashx) Energy Production ‘Energy production’ is defined in r. 2.23: Production of energy, in relation to a facility, means any one of the following: a. the extraction or capture of energy from natural sources for final consumption by or from the operation of the facility or for use other than in operation of the facility; 11 b. the manufacture of energy by the conversion of energy from one form to another form for final consumption by or from the operation of the facility or for use other than in the operation of the facility. B. They don’t meet – they don’t defend increasing energy production for one of the topic areas – just a general affirmation of sorcery and magic C. Reasons to prefer: Debate games open up dialogue which fosters information processing – they open up infinite frameworks making the game impossible Haghoj 8 – PhD, affiliated with Danish Research Centre on Education and Advanced Media Materials, asst prof @ the Institute of Education at the University of Bristol (Thorkild, 2008, "PLAYFUL KNOWLEDGE: An Explorative Study of Educational Gaming," PhD dissertation @ Institute of Literature, Media and Cultural Studies, University of Southern Denmark, http://static.sdu.dk/mediafiles/Files/Information_til/Studerende_ved_SDU/Din_uddannelse/phd_hum/afhandlinger/2009/ThorkilHanghoej.pdf) Debate games are often based on pre-designed scenarios that include descriptions of issues AND dialogue as an end in itself” (Wegerif, 2006: 61). The opening of infinite frameworks destroys stasis – agreement on the topic as the starting point for debate creates a platform of argumentative stability that is the crucial foundation for deliberation and makes debate meaningful O’Donnell 4 (Dr. Tim, Director of Debate – Mary Washington U., “And the Twain Shall Meet: Affirmative Framework Choice and the Future of Debate”, Debater’s Research Guide, http://groups.wfu.edu/debate/MiscSites/ DRGArticles/Framework%20article%20for%20the%20DRG%20final2.doc) According to the Oxford English Dictionary, a framework consists of “a set of AND debate from other forms of communication and gives the exchange a directed focus.
A limited topic of discussion that provides for equitable ground is key to productive teaching of decision-making and advocacy skills in every and all facets of life---even if their position is contestable that’s distinct from it being valuably debatable---this still provides room for flexibility, creativity, and innovation, but targets the discussion to avoid mere statements of fact Steinberg and Freeley 8 *Austin J. Freeley is a Boston based attorney who focuses on criminal, personal injury and civil rights law, AND David L. Steinberg , Lecturer of Communication Studies @ U Miami, Argumentation and Debate: Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision Making pp45- Debate is a means of settling differences, so there must be a difference of AND Congress to make progress on the immigration debate during the summer of 2007. Someone disturbed by the problem of the growing underclass of poorly educated, socially disenfranchised AND specific policies to be investigated and aid discussants in identifying points of difference. To have a productive debate, which facilitates effective decision making by directing and placing AND
the comparative effectiveness of writing or physical force for a specific purpose. Although we now have a general subject, we have not yet stated a problem AND particular point of difference, which will be outlined in the following discussion.
Limits outweigh – they’re the vital access point for any theory impact – its key to fairness – huge research burdens mean we can’t prepare to compete – and its key to education – big topics cause hyper-generics, lack of clash, and shallow debate – and it destroys participation Rowland 84 (Robert C., Debate Coach – Baylor University, “Topic Selection in Debate”, American Forensics in Perspective, Ed. Parson, p. 53-54) The first major problem identified by the work group as relating to topic selection is AND of broad topics that has led some small schools to cancel their programs. Effective decision-making outweighs--- Only portable skill---means our framework turns case Steinberg and Freeley 8 *Austin J. Freeley is a Boston based attorney who focuses on criminal, personal injury and civil rights law, AND David L. Steinberg , Lecturer of Communication Studies @ U Miami, Argumentation and Debate: Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision Making pp9-10 After several days of intense debate, first the United States House of Representatives and AND support the military action, and in the face of significant international opposition. Meanwhile, and perhaps equally difficult for the parties involved, a young couple deliberated AND made. Each decision maker worked hard to make well-reasoned decisions. Decision making is a thoughtful process of choosing among a variety of options for acting AND decision making, as do our school, community, and social organizations. We all make many decisions even- day. To refinance or sell one's home, to buy a high-performance SUV or an economical hybrid car. what major to select, what to have for dinner, what candidate CO vote for. paper or plastic, all present lis with choices. Should the president deal with an international crisis through military invasion or diplomacy? How should the U.S. Congress act to address illegal immigration? Is the defendant guilty as accused? Tlie Daily Show or the ball game? AND do we sort through it and select the best information for our needs? The ability of every decision maker to make good, reasoned, and ethical decisions relies heavily upon their ability to think critically. Critical thinking enables one to break argumentation down to its component parts in order to evaluate its relative validity and strength. Critical thinkers are better users of information, as well as better advocates. Colleges and universities expect their students to develop their critical thinking skills and may require students to take designated courses to that end. The importance and value of such study is widely recognized. Much of the most significant communication of our lives is conducted in the form of debates. These may take place in intrapersonal communications, in which we weigh the pros and cons of an important decision in our own minds, or they may take place in interpersonal communications, in which we listen to arguments intended to influence our decision or participate in exchanges to influence the decisions of others. Our success or failure in life is largely determined by our ability to make wise AND customer for out product, or a vote for our favored political candidate. Games occur in a fixed space with precise rules that are the source of enhanced performance Garris et al 2 – research psychologist with the Science and Technology Division of the Naval Air Warfare Center Training Systems Division (Rosemary, Robert Ahlers, PhD, research psychologist with the Science and Technology Division of the Naval AirWarfare Center Training Systems Division, James Driskell, PhD, president and senior scientist of Florida Maxima Corporation and adjunct professor of psychology at Rollins College, December 2002, "Games, motivation, and learning: A research and practice model," Simulation and Gaming, 33(4), http://www.thaisim.org/articles/Garris%20et%20al%20-%202002%20-%20Games,%20motivation,%20and%20learning%20-%20441.pdf)
Although game activity takes place apart from the real world, it occurs in a AND , hierarchical goal structures are likely to lead to enhanced motivation and performance. Games are world-building encounters that are only maintained by mutual rules Haghoj 8 – PhD, affiliated with Danish Research Centre on Education and Advanced Media Materials, asst prof @ the Institute of Education at the University of Bristol (Thorkild, 2008, "PLAYFUL KNOWLEDGE: An Explorative Study of Educational Gaming," PhD dissertation @ Institute of Literature, Media and Cultural Studies, University of Southern Denmark, http://static.sdu.dk/mediafiles/Files/Information_til/Studerende_ved_SDU/Din_uddannelse/phd_hum/afhandlinger/2009/ThorkilHanghoej.pdf)
Goffman defines an encounter as a social occurrence where people orient to one another in AND get fun out of this winning” (Goffman, 1961a: 34).
Limits Outweigh – 2NC
Force reliance on hyper-generics because it’s impossible to research about every version of the aff – CONCEDED THE ROWLAND EV Effective Deliberation Outweighs – 2NC 3) Effective deliberation is the lynchpin of solving all existential global problems – being relevantly informed is key Christian O. Lundberg 10 Professor of Communications @ University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, “Tradition of Debate in North Carolina” in Navigating Opportunity: Policy Debate in the 21st Century By Allan D. Louden, p311 The second major problem with the critique that identifies a naivety in articulating debate and AND their time and political energies toward policies that matter the most to them. The merits of debate as a tool for building democratic capacity-building take on AND navigate academic search databases and to effectively search and use other Web resources: To analyze the self-report ratings of the instructional and control group students, AND searching, not just in academic databases. (Larkin 2005, 144) Larkin's study substantiates Thomas Worthcn and Gaylcn Pack's (1992, 3) claim that AND cite and rely upon from an easily accessible and veritable cornucopia of materials. There are, without a doubt, a number of important criticisms of employing debate AND to the possibilities of meaningful political engagement and new articulations of democratic life. Expanding this practice is crucial, if only because the more we produce citizens that AND with the existential challenges to democracy in an increasingly complex world.
A2: Restrictions Restrictions on production must mandate a decrease in the quantity produced Anell 89 Chairman, WTO panel "To examine, in the light of the relevant GATT provisions, the matter referred to the CONTRACTING PARTIES by the United States in document L/6445 and to make such AND PARTIES on 5 December 1989 (L/6568 - 36S/68) http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/dispu_e/88icecrm.pdf The United States argued that Canada had failed to demonstrate that it effectively restricted domestic AND to what the situation would be in the absence of all government measures.
Limits/Nietzche/Rules Good 2. Institutional rules are a crucial precondition for Nietzschean freedom --- their framework causes mass havoc that undermines true creativity
Hatab 2 (Lawrence, Professor at ODU, “Prospects for a Democratic Agon”, Journal of Nietzsche Studies, 24)
Before exploring these questions and confronting Nietzsche's attitude toward democracy, it is important to AND structure that still needs structure to prepare and execute departures from the norm. Democracy to Come
The affirmatives “call for an end of society” forecloses changes in democracy and causes worse forms of oppression like Al-Qaeda – we embrace “democracy to come” – it’s not perfect, but we should try to perfect it Derrida 3 (Jacques, director of studies at the École des Hautes Études en Sciences Sociales, “Autoimmunity: Real and Symbolic Suicides,” Philosophy in a Time of Terror, ed Giovanna Borradori, p. 113-114)
DERRIDA: What appears to me unacceptable in the "strategy" (in terms AND coming from "bin Laden," at least not one for this world.
Round Reports
Tournament
Round
Report
Harvard
2
Opponent: Emporia CW | Judge: Antonucci
1NC - T/Framework, Cap K, Case with State Action Good on Case 2NR - T/Framework
Harvard
3
Opponent: Fullerton CT | Judge: Arnett
1NC - T/Framework, Exclude Nuclear Waste PIC, Case with State Action Good 2NR - T/Framework
Harvard
5
Opponent: Wake HQ | Judge: Spies
1NC - Electricity Prices, Elections, DOD Tradeoff DA, Renewable Tradeoff, Base Referendum CP 2NR - Base Referendum CP
Harvard
7
Opponent: Georgetown CV | Judge: Fisher
1NC - T, Heidegger, Picking Winners Bad, States CP, Reagan Politics DA 2NR - T
GSU
All
Opponent: | Judge:
Doubles vs. MSU HR (SMRs) 1NC - Elections, Electricity Prices DA, Fuel Bank CP, CTL Bad DA, DOD CP 2NR - DOD CP
Round 1 vs. Wayne State DN (Solar Cybords) 1NC - States w/ Papworth, Elections, Heidegger 2NR - States, Papworth, Elections
Round 4 vs. Dartmouth KL (Indefinite Wind PTC) 1NC - Elections, T: Not Tax Credits, Electricity Prices DA, States CP, Carbon Tax CP, RHIC Tradeoff DA 2NR - Elections and Case
Round 6 vs GMU KL (Nat Gas Exports) 1NC - T, Elections, Renewables DA, Heidegger, States CP 2NR - Elections and Case
Round 7 vs. Emory HR (Dish Sterling Solar Loan Guarantees) 1NC - Elections, RHIC Tradeoff DA, Electricity Prices DA, Prizes CP, States CP 2NR - Elections and Case
Fullerton
1
Opponent: Iowa CK | Judge: Carly Wunderlich
1AC: FiTs (Warming, Natural Gas, China Renewables)
1NC: T, Hagel Politics DA, QER CP, States CP, Electricity Prices, Exports Bad DA on case 2NC: QER, Exports Bad, Case 1NR: Politics, Case 2NR: Exports Bad and Case
USC
1
Opponent: Wake CD | Judge: Chris Stone
1AC: Restrictions on High Altitude Wind (Hege/Grid, Iraq) 1NC: T, Immigration Politics, Birds DA, Courts CP, Microgrids CP 2NC: Microgrids and Case 1NR: Politics 2NR: Politics and Case
USC
4
Opponent: MSU HR | Judge: Peter Susko
1AC: Fusion (Fusion Leadership, Spinoffs, C-Mod) 1NC: Immigration Politics, States CP, NIF CP, ITER DA 2NC: NIF CP, Case 1NR: ITER DA 2NR: CP, DA, Case
USC
6
Opponent: Concordia BS | Judge: Nick Watts
1AC: Bataille 1NC: T/Framework, Buddhism, OPEC DA, case 2NC: Framework, Case 1NR: Buddhism 2NR: Framework, Case
1AC: NIF (Prolif Leadership, Warming) 1NC: Immigration Politics, QER CP, Fuel Bank CP, Electricity Prices, Nat Gas Exports Bad DA 2NC: Electricity Prices DA, Case 1NR: Politics 2NR: Politics, Case
Fullerton
4
Opponent: MSU HR | Judge: Doowon Chung
1AC: Fusion (Stem, Spinoffs, Leadership) 1NC: T, STEM Advantage CP, NIF CP, ITER DA, Hagel Politics 2NR: ITER DA and Case
Fullerton
6
Opponent: Oklahoma BC | Judge: Blumenthal
1AC: Space Traders 1NC: Framework, Exports Bad DA, Metaphors K, Identity Politics Bad DA, "Say No to the Offer" CP 2NR: NatGas Exports DA, "Say No to the Offer" CP
UGA
1
Opponent: GaTech PS | Judge: Sciullo
1AC: FiTs 1NC: Exports DA, Immigration Politics DA, Security K, Courts CP, T 2NR: Exports DA and Case 2AR: Condo
UGA
4
Opponent: JMU BL | Judge: O'Gorman
1AC: Loan Guarantees for Nuclear Power 1NC: Exports Bad DA, Immigration, Security CP, QER CP, 2NC: Exports Bad DA and Case 1NR: Politics 2NR: Exports Bad DA and Case
UGA
6
Opponent: NYU AG | Judge: Slattery
1AC: Ophuls Aff 1NC: Exports Bad DA, Framework, Growth Good/Sustainable 2NC: FW and DA 1NR: Case 2NR: FW, DA, Case
UGA
Quarters
Opponent: Liberty AB | Judge: Ridley, Spring, Willis
1AC: Wildersen/Communications 1NC: Framework, Warming DA, Binary K 2NC: FW, DA, Case 1NR: Binary K 2NR: FW, case
UGA
Semis
Opponent: Emory AB | Judge: Garret, Hall, Davis
1NC: T Cash Transfer, Exports DA, Politics, QER CP, Environmental Security K 2NC: Exports DA and case 1NR: Security K 2NR: Security K
Northwestern
2
Opponent: Liberty AB | Judge: Ewald
1NC: Framework, Warming DA, Black/White Binary K 2NR: Black/White Binary K
Northwestern
4
Opponent: John Carroll MS | Judge: Repko
1AC: Thorium (w/ Warming) 1NC: Incentive Spec, Politics, Latex Bubble CP, States CP, Nat Gas Exports DA, Electricity Prices 2NC: T, Bubble CP, Exports DA 1NR: Politics 2NR: Exports DA
Northwestern
5
Opponent: Wake BM | Judge: Kallmyer
1NC: T Energy, Immigration Politics w/ Econ, Courts CP, Exports DA 2NC: Exports DA, T 1NR: Politics 2NR: Exports DA and Politics
Northwestern
8
Opponent: Oklahoma CL | Judge: Petit
1AC: Black Gold 1NC: Framework, Warming DA, Binary K 2NR: Framework, Warming DA, Binary K
Districts
1
Opponent: Vanderbilt RZ | Judge: Gibson
1AC: Thorium [Warming, Nuke Leadership] 1NC: T: Demonstration, Electricity Prices, Exports Bad DA, Immigration Politics, States CP, Security K 2NR: T, Presumption
Districts
4
Opponent: Emory AB | Judge: Ridley
1AC: REITs [Warming] 1NC: T Incentives, Exports, Politics, QER CP, K Block: T, K, Politics 2NR: Politics
Districts
5
Opponent: West Georgia GM | Judge: Galloway
1AC: Black Poetry 1NC: Framework, Warming DA, White/Black Binary K 2NR: Answered Abelism White/Black Binary K 2AR: Abelism
ADA
2
Opponent: James Madison MM | Judge: H. Hall
1AC -- Decentralized Solar (Econ, Grid, Warming) 1NC -- FI Spec, Exports DA, Immigration DA (Hege Impact), States CP, Incentives PIC (Picking Winners NB) 2NR -- Politics, Case
ADA
4
Opponent: Wake CrLe | Judge: N. Miller
1AC -- Enviro Justice 1NC -- Cap K, Framework, Production PIC, Electricity Prices DA 2NR -- Cap K
ADA
5
Opponent: George Mason KL | Judge: Najor
1AC -- Oil and Gas OCS (Manufacturing, Arctic) 1NC -- Arctic PIC, T: Regs/FI=Cash, Idle Leases CP, Navy DA, Offshore Wind DA, Politics 1AR -- Kicked Case, Straight Turned Politics 2NR -- Navy DA, Politics DA
NDT
1
Opponent: Minnesota CE | Judge: Repko, Wunderlich, Stone
1AC - Oil/Federal Lands 1NC - T: Regs, Immigration, Idle Leases CP, Saudi Cuts DA, EST Condition CP 2NR - Condition CP
