Tournament: UNLV | Round: 3 | Opponent: Texas BK | Judge: Allen
AQ is weakened but looking for an opportunity to attack nuclear facilities
Quincy Herald 9-28-12 (“Nuclear Terrorism Threat Hasn’t Diminished,” http://www.whig.com/story/19667241/un-nuclear-terrorism-threat-hasnt-diminished, Mike)
The U.N. nuclear chief warned Friday that the threat of nuclear terrorism
AND
real, and complacency is a luxury we cannot afford," he said.
Increasing reactors for military use makes them terrorist targets
Greenpeace ‘6 (“Nuclear Terrorism,” June 27, http://www.greenpeace.org/international/en/campaigns/nuclear/safety/nuclear-terrorism/, Mike)
"Nuclear terrorism is still often treated as science fiction - I wish it were
AND
panel, unlike a nuclear facility, is not an attractive terrorist target!

Reactor attack causes extinction – outweighs nuclear war
Bunyard The Ecologist vol. 31 no. 9 ‘1 (Peter, “The Plane Truth,” http://www.mindfully.org/Nucs/Plane-Truth.htm, Mike)
In early September, on BBC Radio 4's Commission programme, Matthew Taylor of the
AND
of an explosion such as that which brought down the World Trade Centre. 

Tournament: UNLV | Round: 3 | Opponent: Texas BK | Judge: Allen
Obama’s winning despite recent Romney gains- any large swing toward Romney now dooms him
Silver 10/12/2012 (Nate, Genius, writer for FiveThirtyEight, now under the New York Times, The blog is devoted to rigorous analysis of politics, polling, public affairs, sports, science and culture, largely through statistical means, Oct. 12: Romney Debate Gains Show Staying Power, http://fivethirtyeight.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/10/12/oct-12-romney-debate-gains-show-staying-power/)
Still, the clear majority of its interviews preceded the vice-presidential debate.
AND
might have more to gain than to lose in the final two events.

Nuclear Power Unpopular and causes political ramifications – cost, lack of clean perception, and polls

Daily Kos, June 5th 2012, Nuclear Power and Public Opinion: What the polls say, http://www.dailykos.com/story/2012/06/05/1097574/-Nuclear-Power-and-Public-Opinion-What-the-polls-say

Americans are not exactly wild about the idea of building new nuclear reactors. Polls
AND
help direct that sentiment to build the energy future we need and deserve.

Base Mobilization key to winning the election—empirically proven for incumbents
WSJ 5/22 (The Wall Street Journal “As in 2004, energizing the base a key to victory” 5/22/12 http://www.myfoxdfw.com/story/18583004/as-in-2004-energizing-the-base-a-key-to-victory#ixzz1MekSBwU) KY
President Barack Obama does not often dwell on similarities to his predecessor, George W
AND
But 2004 suggests that both sides' strategies may start with mobilizing the core.
Obama win key to US-Russia relations – Romney’s agenda is belligerent and controversial.
Reichardt 7/9. (Adam is the Managing Editor of New Eastern Europe, “Considering Russia in the Voting Booth,” New Eastern Europe, 2012, http://www.neweasterneurope.eu/node/382)

Obama’s policy towards Russia is easier to gauge, since there has already been four
AND
, and perhaps even hostile, to the intentions of American foreign policy.
US/Russian war causes extinction – most probable
Bostrom ‘2 Nick Bostrom, professor of philosophy - Oxford University, March, 2002, Existential Risks: Analyzing Human Extinction Scenarios and Related Hazards, Journal of Evolution and Technology, p. http://www.nickbostrom.com/existential/risks.html

A much greater existential risk emerged with the build-up of nuclear arsenals in
AND
preludes to the existential risks that we will encounter in the 21st century.

Tournament: UNLV | Round: 3 | Opponent: Texas BK | Judge: Allen
Nuclear production is subordinated to the neoliberal logic of consumption and technological solutions- locks in production mentality
Malgorzata Maciejewska, institute of Sociology and Faculty of Social Sciences at Wroclaw University, and Marcin Marszalek, Wroclaw University, “Lack of power or lack of democracy: the case of the projected nuclear power plant in Poland,” Sept 2011 Economic and Environmental Studies Vol. 11, No.3, 235-248)
The mainstream discourse on nuclear power rarely takes up the question of how the global energy
AND
but not as an effort to re-organize and restructure the modern economy.

The financialization of life and extensions of neoliberal policy creates a death drive – the spectre of authoritarianism driven by our plutocracy culminates in the extermination of undesirable populations
Giroux 12 – Global TV Network Chair Professorship at McMaster University
(Henry, The end of American Democracy? October 4, 2012. http://philoforchange.wordpress.com/2012/10/04/the-end-of-american-democracy/)
Neoliberal Ideologyand the Rhetoric of Freedom¶ In addition to amassing ever expanding amounts of
AND
national security state in which civil liberties are being drastically abridged and violated.

The alternative is critical to reclaim public spaces foreclosed by neoliberalism – we need a collective politics inspired by critical pedagogy to actualize a democracy stripped of corporate interests – this is crucial to sustaining hope in the face of disposability
Giroux 12 – Global TV Network Chair Professorship at McMaster University
(Henry, The end of American Democracy? October 4, 2012. http://philoforchange.wordpress.com/2012/10/04/the-end-of-american-democracy/)
The Role of Critical Education¶ One way of challenging the new authoritarianism is to
AND
with one another, the sea engulfs us and the light goes out.

Tournament: Wake | Round: 1 | Opponent:  | Judge: 

Restrictions are direct and legal

Law.com (“Restrict,” http:~/~/dictionary.law.com/Default.aspx?selected=1835andbold=aspx?selected=1835andbold=restrict(%%), Mike)

The noun ―restriction means direct, on-face limitation. restriction

n. any limitation on activity, by statute, regulation or contract provision. In multi-unit real estate developments, condominium and cooperative housing projects managed by homeowners' associations or similar organizations, such organizations are usually required by state law to impose restrictions on use. Thus, the restrictions are part of the "covenants, conditions and restrictions" intended to enhance the use of common facilities and property which are recorded and incorporated into the title of each owner.3

“Energy production” means electricity made from the energy

US Code 2012 (Title 42 › Chapter 149 › Subchapter XIII › § 16491, http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/42/16491)

42 USC § 16491 - Energy production incentives

(a) In general

A State may provide to any entity—

(1) a credit against any tax or fee owed to the State under a State law, or

(2) any other tax incentive,

determined by the State to be appropriate, in the amount calculated under and in accordance with a formula determined by the State, for production described in subsection (b) in the State by the entity that receives such credit or such incentive.

(b) Eligible entities

Subsection (a) shall apply with respect to the production in the State of electricity from coal mined in the State and used in a facility, if such production meets all applicable Federal and State laws and if such facility uses scrubbers or other forms of clean coal technology.

(c) Effect on interstate commerce

Any action taken by a State in accordance with this section with respect to a tax or fee payable, or incentive applicable, for any period beginning after August 8, 2005, shall—

(1) be considered to be a reasonable regulation of commerce; and

(2) not be considered to impose an undue burden on interstate commerce or to otherwise impair, restrain, or discriminate, against interstate commerce.

Violation- the aff must remove a direct limitation on electricity production- they don’t

Reasons to vote

Limits- they open up affs about using fossil fuels for a ton of other things

Metcalf and Weisbach 2009 (Gilbert and David, Professor, Department of Economics, Tufts University; Research Associate, National Bureau of Economic Research.¶ ** Professor, The University of Chicago Law School, THE DESIGN OF A CARBON TAX, 33 Harv. Envtl. L. Rev. 499, lexis)

A. Emissions¶ ¶ According to the 2008 Inventory of U.S.

AND

millions of metric tons ("MMT"), keeping electricity as a separate category.

Ground- all of our strategies assume electric sector affs- that’s where the core of the natural gas DA literature is and where there’s actually lit development- allowing other sectors or purely extraction affs avoids those debates

FX- they permit affs that remove restrictions at ANY point in the process of getting energy resources, which allows anything that could conceivably make it easier to get it- NDT affs could repeal the minimum wage for coal miners

Tournament: Wake | Round: 1 | Opponent:  | Judge: 

Prices are up and will get a boost from China this week

Reuters 11-9

By Reuters Friday, 9 November 2012 10:29 AM http://www.arabianbusiness.com/oil-price-steadies-at-107-after-rollercoaster-week-479003.html

Brent crude futures steadied above $107 on Friday and were poised to end the

AND

along the country's borders are escalating tensions with its neighbours, especially Turkey.

Increasing nuclear power trades off with demand for natural gas – indirect competition

Toth and Rogner, 6 (Ferenc L, senior energy economist with the Planning and Economic Studies Section in the Department of Nuclear Energy, International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) in Vienna, Austria and associate professor of the Corvinus University in Budapest, Hungary , and Hans-Holger, received a Master of Science degree in industrial engineering and a PhD in energy economics and applied systems analysis from the University of Karlsruhe, Germany, “Oil and nuclear power: Past, present, and future”, 2006, http:~/~/www.iaea.org/OurWork/ST/NE/Pess/assets/oil+np_pdf(%%)) WP

A few decades ago, the competition between oil and nuclear energy took place directly

AND

economic option to satisfy increasing¶ demand for electricity (WNA, 2004).

That crushes the entire Russian economy

Dashevsky 11 (Steven, Managing Director of Dashevsky and Partners “The Russian Economy and Its Oil,” May 24, http:~/~/rt.com/business/news/russia-economy-oil-rpice/http://rt.com/business/news/russia-economy-oil-rpice/, Mike)

RT: High oil prices have helped Russia’s budget but is the country too dependent

AND

sentiment for all of the Russian economy, not just oil and gas.”

Extinction

Huffington Post 9 (“Russian Economy Faces Disastrous Free Fall Contraction,” May 10, http:~/~/www.huffingtonpost.com/sheldon-filger/russian-economy-faces-dis_b_201147.html, Mike)

 In Russia, historically, economic health and political stability are intertwined to a

AND

the financial impact of the Global Economic Crisis is its least dangerous consequence.

Tournament: Wake | Round: 1 | Opponent: Harvard DT | Judge: 

CP Text: The United States federal government should conduct a binding regulatory negotiation over the substance, implementation and enforcement of matching funds to construct commercial scale Integral Fast Reactors in the United States.

The CP accelerates energy development and overcomes bureaucratic issues

Lemaire Professor at University College London Energy Institute ’12 (Xavier, “SERN,” http:~/~/www.reeep.org/830/htm(% class="StyleStyleBold12pt" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt" %), Mike)

The Sustainable Energy Regulation Network (SERN) facilitates exchange of experience and knowledge between

AND

and SERN can put interested regulatory bodies in relation with energy efficiency experts.

The aff gets watered down by lack of unified energy policy, resistance from fossil fuel industries, and citizen opposition – the CP is key to avoid politics

Nolon Director of Land Use Law Center at Pace University Law School ’11 (Sean, “Negotiating the Wind: A Framework to Engage Citizens in Siting Wind Turbines,” Cardozo Journal of Conflict Resolution Vol. 12 no. 2, accessible online via http:~/~/cojcr.org/vol12no2/327-372.pdf(% class="StyleStyleBold12pt" style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt" %), Mike)

The need for more renewable sources of energy is unequivocal and the call can be

AND

, provides for decommissioning, and enables siting negotiations at the local level.

Tournament: Wake | Round: 1 | Opponent: Harvard DT | Judge: 

A—Obama’s post-Election Political capital key will force Fiscal Cliff compromise in the SQ

Manley 11-6 Jim, Senior Director, QGA Public Affairs; former spokesman for Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid, Nov. 06, 2012¶ Driving the Conversation:¶ Arena Ref: Erika Lovley What does President Obama's victory mean? http://www.politico.com/arena/?hp=ar

After an election like this, the American people have made it pretty clear that

AND

to abandon the tea party and work together to address this nation's challenges.

B LINKS

the plan’s politically infeasible during fiscal cliff negotiations

Hunter, 10/16 (Eve, 10/16/2012, “Livermore Fails to See the Light,” http:~/~/nukesofhazardblog.com/tag/com/tag/Congress(%%))

Another part of the nuclear weapons complex is in deep trouble. For the scientists

AND

would behoove us to stop viewing energy as a zero-sum game.

Congress hates the plan- seen as wasteful spending, not commercially viable, and proliferation risk

UCS 2009 (Union of Concerned Scientists, alliance of more than 400,000 citizens and scientists, Global Nuclear Energy Partnership Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement, http://www.ucsusa.org/nuclear_power/nuclear_power_risk/nuclear_proliferation_and_terrorism/gnep-peis.html)

Taxpayers and Ratepayers Will Spend Billions of Dollars¶ Reprocessing would be much more costly

AND

continue drafting guidelines for a dirty, dangerous, and expensive reprocessing program.

C IMPACTS Going over the fiscal cliff causes a second great depression

Morici 8/7 (Peter, PhD, is a "recognized expert on economic policy and international economics." He is a Professor of International Business at the R.H. Smith School of Business at the University of Maryland. "Fix fiscal cliff now or face next Great Depression," 2012, http://www.foxnews.com/opinion/2012/08/07/fix-fiscal-cliff-now-or-face-next-great-depression/)

President Obama and Republicans are engaging in dangerous brinksmanship. Putting off a political solution

AND

now. American can’t afford for their elected officials to dither any longer.

Tournament: Wake | Round: 1 | Opponent: Harvard DT | Judge: 

Nuclear small and declining globally now

Dittmar 2012 (Michael, Institute of Particle Physics, ETH Zurich, Nuclear energy: Status and future limitations, Energy, Volume 37, Issue 1, January 2012, Pages 35–40, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2011.05.040)

According to the counting scheme of the IEA and adopted by many other organizations,

AND

energy, imagined by the IEA 1 during the next decades.

Empirics show projections of nuclear growth are super-wrong

Dittmar 2012 (Michael, Institute of Particle Physics, ETH Zurich, Nuclear energy: Status and future limitations, Energy, Volume 37, Issue 1, January 2012, Pages 35–40, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2011.05.040)

A rather different picture is observed when one looks at the countries where reactors are

AND

warning for those who believe in today’s and tomorrows strong nuclear growth scenarios.

Uranium will run out before 2050 if they revive nuclear- it’s not sustainable

Dittmar 2012 (Michael, Institute of Particle Physics, ETH Zurich, Nuclear energy: Status and future limitations, Energy, Volume 37, Issue 1, January 2012, Pages 35–40, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2011.05.040)

4. Why we should not count on miracles from future fission and fusion reactors

AND

scenario, the known resources would be terminated during the next 55 years.

Nuclear leadership now- solves spillover and science advantages

The Hill 10/25/2012 (Regulatory chief: Edge on nuclear power shifting to US, http://thehill.com/blogs/e2-wire/e2-wire/264113-nrc-chief-us-nuclear-industry-in-good-position)

U.S. nuclear innovation is on the rise as nuclear heavyweights Germany and

AND

and therefore could cost less than the “extra large” legacy models.

Alt cause- export restrictions mean nobody will look to the US- plan can’t overcome that

NEI 10/1/2012 (Nuclear Energy Institute, Report: U.S. Firms at 'Serious Disadvantage' to Compete in Global Nuclear Energy Market, http://www.nei.org/newsandevents/newsreleases/report-us-firms-at-serious-disadvantage-to-compete-in-global-nuclear-energy-market)

To the detriment of U.S. national security interests and the economy,

AND

services for the 40- to 60-year life of a plant.

Their reactors will never be economical- this also takes out their “leadership” arguments because empirics prove even current reactors abroad can’t stay viable

GVN 2011 (Green Valley News, Nuclear energy support grows but plenty of hurdles remain, http://www.gvnews.com/news/article_489e0496-2c3e-11e0-ab49-001cc4c03286.html)

Growing number of FBRs¶ China began operating an FBR in July 2010. India

AND

are one of the many pipe dreams of the industry," Lowes said.

Leadership IS NOT based on domestic industry- it’s based on the LEGACY of safety and tech leadership, which the SQ obviously solves- no reason institutional legitimacy will go away if we do renewables instead

Domenici and Miller September 2012 (Senator Pete V. Domenici¶ Former U.S. Senator and Bipartisan¶ Policy Center Senior Fellow¶ ENERGY PROJECT STAFF¶ Lourdes Long¶ Senior Policy Analyst¶ Warren F. “Pete” Miller, Ph.D.¶ Former Department of Energy Assistant¶ Secretary for Nuclear Energy; Maintaining U.S.¶ Leadership in¶ Global Nuclear¶ Energy Markets, http://bipartisanpolicy.org/sites/default/files/Nuclear%20Report.PDF)

Given this near-term expansion, the United States will¶ continue to be

AND

by¶ newer-generation resources (potentially including some¶ nuclear replacements).

Their “leadership” evidence doesn’t refer to NONPROLIF leadership, only TECH leadership, we’ll still have soft power which is way more relevant to nonprolif, we can cooperate with the new tech leaders which are France and South Korea

Domenici and Miller September 2012 (Senator Pete V. Domenici¶ Former U.S. Senator and Bipartisan¶ Policy Center Senior Fellow¶ ENERGY PROJECT STAFF¶ Lourdes Long¶ Senior Policy Analyst¶ Warren F. “Pete” Miller, Ph.D.¶ Former Department of Energy Assistant¶ Secretary for Nuclear Energy; Maintaining U.S.¶ Leadership in¶ Global Nuclear¶ Energy Markets, http://bipartisanpolicy.org/sites/default/files/Nuclear%20Report.PDF)

With the world’s largest commercial nuclear fleet, the United¶ States was once the

AND

with the international community to minimize the risk of¶ nuclear weapons proliferation.

US leadership is based on SAFETY AND REGULATIONS- the aff weakens that- kills US image

Domenici and Miller September 2012 (Senator Pete V. Domenici¶ Former U.S. Senator and Bipartisan¶ Policy Center Senior Fellow¶ ENERGY PROJECT STAFF¶ Lourdes Long¶ Senior Policy Analyst¶ Warren F. “Pete” Miller, Ph.D.¶ Former Department of Energy Assistant¶ Secretary for Nuclear Energy; Maintaining U.S.¶ Leadership in¶ Global Nuclear¶ Energy Markets, http://bipartisanpolicy.org/sites/default/files/Nuclear%20Report.PDF)

At present, however, the U.S. safety and security¶ infrastructure

AND

domestic nuclear energy activities¶ could erode U.S. international standing.

Tournament: Wake | Round: 1 | Opponent: Harvard DT | Judge: 

SQ will decrease emissions by 80% by 2050- maintaining the transition key to solve warming and avoid peak oil impacts

Lovins 2012 (Amory, physicist, environmental scientist, writer, and Chairman/Chief Scientist of the Rocky Mountain Institute, Oxford MA, A Farewell to Fossil Fuels: Answering the Energy Challenge, Foreign Affairs, March/April, proquest)

Weaning the United States from those fossil fuels would require two big shifts: in

AND

last, Americans could make energy do their work without working their undoing.

Nuke power trades off with renewables, jacks short-term transition key to solve warming and peak fossil fuel

Conolley 2011 (Heather, PhD Candidate in Political Science at UC- Santa Barbara, The Renaissance of Nuclear Energy in the Shadow of Climate Change, PhD Dissertation, proquest)

Given the long lead time associated with development and reactor ¶ construction, nuclear opponents

AND

). Thus opportunity costs for constructing nuclear reactors must be ¶ carefully considered.

Current warming levels will cause cooling water temperature to increase- guarantees spikes of dirty energy use

Kopytko and Perkins 2011 (Natalie and John, The University of York, The Evergreen State College, Climate change, nuclear power, and the adaptation–mitigation dilemma, Energy Policy, Volume 39, Issue 1, January 2011, http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2010.09.046)

5.1. Interrupted operations¶ While extreme climate events interrupt operation at both

AND

power needs to be supplemented from other sources that potentially emit greenhouse gases.

Nuclear doesn’t trade off with coal- only provides baseload power- keeps dirty energy on the grid

Chakravorty et al 2012 (Ujjayant, Professor of Economics at Tufts University and Fellow at the Toulouse School of Economics and CESifo, Resource Use under Climate Stabilization: Can Nuclear Power Provide Clean Energy?, Journal of Public Economic Theory, Volume 14, Issue 2, pages 349–389, March 2012, DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9779.2011.01545.x)

An important issue not modeled in the paper is the issue of base load versus

AND

the energy producer. This issue could hinder the adoption of nuclear technology.

Their solvency advocate is a total trainwreck- makes stuff up, leaves objective reality aside, and is an outright liar

Apthorpe 2012 (Bob, Master of Science in Nuclear Engineering and Engineering Physics from UW-Madison, Review: SuperFuel by Richard Martin, http:~/~/overscope.cynistar.net/archives/311-html(% style="font-size:8.0pt" %))

If I told you there was a novel nuclear reactor concept which is super safe

AND

he’s smart, upbeat, and does a fantastic job explaining the technology.

Tournament: Wake  | Round: 1 | Opponent:  | Judge:
Impact
Short time frame
Schoen, 11-8-12 John W. Schoen , NBC News Economy Watch Exploring the mysteries of the economy, with news and analysis on trends that affect you and your wallet. Obama victory clouded by looming fiscal battle with Congress
http://www.nbcnews.com/business/economywatch/obama-victory-clouded-looming-fiscal-battle-congress-1C6892841
Congratulations, President Barack Obama. Now you have just 49 days to resolve a
AND
on a new budget that delays steep tax increases and deep spending cuts.
Fiscal Cliff collapse causes middle east war
Hutchison, U.S. Senator from the great state of Texas, 9/21/2012
(Kay Bailey, "A Looming Threat to National Security," States News Service, Lexis)
Despite warnings of the dire consequences, America is teetering at the edge of a
AND
the harsh tax increases that could stall economic growth and punish working families.
Middle East goes nuclear
Russell, 9 (James A. Senior Lecturer, National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School, Spring, "Strategic Stability Reconsidered: Prospects for Escalation and Nuclear War in the Middle East" IFRI, Proliferation Papers, %2326, http://www.ifri.org/downloads/PP26_Russell_2009.pdf)
Strategic stability in the region is thus undermined by various factors: (1)
AND
the peoples of the region, with substantial risk for the entire world. 

Link
Public backlash guarantees no nuclear development- states will block
Gundlach 2011 (Justin, J.D., 2010, New York University School of Law; M.Sc., 2005, London School of Economics; B.A., 2003, Wesleyan University, WHAT'S THE COST OF A NEW NUCLEAR POWER PLANT? THE ANSWER'S GONNA COST YOU: A RISK-BASED APPROACH TO ESTIMATING THE COST OF NEW NUCLEAR PLANTS, 18 N.Y.U. Envtl. L.J. 600, lexis)
What does a somewhat destabilized federal waste management regime mean for new reactor development?
AND
Waste Fund surcharge imparts a degree of uncertainty to new reactor operating budgets.
Nuclear industry’s not on board for IFRs/thorium
Guardian 2011 (Don't believe the spin on thorium being a greener nuclear option, http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2011/jun/23/thorium-nuclear-uranium)
China, Russia, France and the US are also pursuing the technology, while
AND
holy grail: safe reactors producing more energy for less and cheaper fuel.

Link Turns
Even bipartisan energy legislation is massively controversial
McEntee 8/15 Christine is the Executive Director and CEO at the American Geophysical Union. “Science, Politics and Public Opinion,” 2012, http://energy.nationaljournal.com/2012/08/finding-the-sweet-spot-biparti.php
As convenient as it would be to say that a single change could alleviate the
AND
knowledge, strategic budget decisions, and a mandate from the voters themselves.
Win-Win
Winners win not true for Obama – must be large, popular and on economic issue
Kuttner, 11 (Robert, co-founder and co-editor of The American Prospect, as well as a distinguished senior fellow of the think tank Demos, 5/16, http://prospect.org/cs/articles?article=barack_obamas_theory_of_power)
Obama won more legislative trophies during his first two years than Clinton did, but
AND
and for bankers. (See this month's special report on page A1.)

PC Key
Obama post-reelection PC has increased the odds of a fiscal cliff grand bargain, top of the docket, and now is key.
Luce, 11-8 Business Spectator¶ November 8, 2012 Thursday 7:42 AM GMT ¶ Can Obama fulfil a fiscal grand bargain?¶ BYLINE: Edward Luce, Financial Times L/N
There were two immediate pointers from Tuesday night's victory. First, Obama has not
AND
again. For some presidents, such knowledge can be a great liberation.

UQ
Obama has Poli Cap going into the negotiations, but he can’t overreach—Fiscal Cliff is Top of the Docket, and compromise likely now
Pace, 11-8-12 Changes coming to Obama administration for second term — but not while fiscal cliff threatens JULIE PACE , Associated Press Updated: November 8, 2012 - 7:22 PM
WASHINGTON - Big changes are coming to President Barack Obama's administration — just not right away. http://www.startribune.com/politics/177847541.html?refer=yandr44b=no

The White House is making the nation's high-stakes fiscal crisis its top priority
AND
off his departure from Treasury until Obama and lawmakers can reach some agreement.
Obama post reelection PC is key, public support for taxes on rich, Boehner softening, and mandate to fix economy make compromise more likely.
CNN 11-7 November 7, 2012 Wednesday¶ SHOW: THE SITUATION ROOM 4:00 PM EST¶ Legal Pot; More Gridlock?; How President Obama Won; Republicans Asking: "Now What?"; Unpopular Congress Faces a Painful Job; Why Obama Won Ohio¶ BYLINE: Gloria Borger, Candy Crowley, Brianna Keilar, Wolf Blitzer, Jeffrey Toobin, John King, Margaret Hoover, Ana Navarro, Dana Bash, Martin Savidge¶ GUESTS: Ross Douthat, Van Jones, Tom Perriello¶ SECTION: NEWS; International L/N
Candy, what is the most important thing the president now needs to do to
AND
things. And I think that's about as far as it really goes.
Fiscal Cliff Compromise is likely in Lame Duck
Schoen, 11-8-12 John W. Schoen , NBC News Economy Watch Exploring the mysteries of the economy, with news and analysis on trends that affect you and your wallet. Obama victory clouded by looming fiscal battle with Congress
http://www.nbcnews.com/business/economywatch/obama-victory-clouded-looming-fiscal-battle-congress-1C6892841
In their election night speeches, both Obama and Romney hinted that members of the
AND
economists Paul Dales and Paul Ashworth at Capital Economics wrote to clients Wednesday.
Fiscal Cliff Compromise will pass now, Obama has Poli Cap and GOP is united ready to negotiate
WaPo 11-8-12 ¶ Obama, Boehner again prepare to tackle national debt¶ Washington Post ¶ By Lori Montgomery and Zachary A. Goldfarb,¶ http://www.washingtonpost.com/business/ economy/obama-boehner-again-prepare-to-tackle-national-debt/2012/11/08/e5d99cb8-29d3-11e2-bab2-eda299503684_story.html
With another dangerous deadline for the economy approaching, Tuesday’s election returned to power the
AND
House has been quick to assert that the electoral outcome validates its position.
Obama expenditure of Poli Cap, time, and horse-trading key to Fiscal Cliff negotiations—success likely now
Reuters 11-6-12 NBC News Economy Watch Exploring the mysteries of the economy, with news and analysis on trends that affect you and your wallet. Wall street and Washington misread each other over fiscal cliff http://www.nbcnews.com/business/economywatch/wall-street-washington-misread-each-other-over-fiscal-cliff-1C6891682
Bridging the gap will almost certainly mean Obama must reach out more to lawmakers in
AND
the end, and interacting will help you do that,” Griffin said.

Tournament: CSUF | Round: 6 | Opponent: Concordia NW | Judge: Rollins
In all our critiquing, destabilizing, and disrupting, we risk losing sight of the important goals our critiques suggest—the material changes necessary to reorient institutions and social relations in less violent fashions. This obviates particular strategies for change in conjunction with broadening our theoretical lenses.
Bryant 12—professor of philosophy at Collin College (“RSI, Discursivity, Critique, and Politics,” Larval Subjects, 7/18/2012, http://larvalsubjects.wordpress.com/2012/07/18/rsi-discursivity-critique-and-politics/)
If I get worked up about these issues, then this is because I think
AND
, hitching everything on psychology, attachment, and identification. Well done!

The alternative is to reject the affirmative to embrace market-based solutions towards an alternative ecology

We live in a market based society- those mechanisms are a key solution to environmental destruction – reject the temptation to assume that state action is always tainted – we need to shift the frame
Bryant 12—professor of philosophy at Collin College (Levi, We’ll Never Do Better Than a Politician: Climate Change and Purity, 5/11/12, http://larvalsubjects.wordpress.com/2012/05/11/well-never-do-better-than-a-politician-climate-change-and-purity/)
Somewhere or other Latour makes the remark that we’ll never do better than a politician
AND
there’s no way around this, and we do need to act now.

Material over epistemological
Bryant 12—professor of philosophy at Collin College (Levi, On Cynicism. http://larvalsubjects.wordpress.com/2012/12/20/on-cynicism/)
I’ve expressed this thought elsewhere and before, but what we need more than ever
AND
intoxication with epistemology, will we be able to move beyond this paralysis.

Tournament: Cal | Round:  | Opponent: Chico LP | Judge:
Text: The Department of Energy should alter the Quadrennial Technology Review to include a recommendation to fund research and development for Integral Fast Reactors including capital investment in a pilot plant.

Competes---the CP’s policy statement is not legally binding---it doesn’t enact the plan, it simply recommends its mandates
Charles H. Koch 5, the Dudley W. Woodbridge Professor of Law, William and Mary School of Law, Spring 2005, “Policymaking by the Administrative Judiciary,” Alabama Law Review, 56 Ala. L. Rev. 693, p. lexis n110 E.g., Consol Edison Co of New York v. FERC, 315 F.3d 316, 323 (D.C. Cir 2003)
"Policy statements" differ from substantive rules that carry the "force of law
AND
Administrative Open Mind, 41 DUKE L J 1497, 1503 (1992).

Solves the Case---the practical result is the same as binding law---the policy statement sends the signal of the plan and causes agencies to implement it
James Hunnicutt 99, J.D., Boston College Law School, December 1999, “NOTE: Another Reason to Reform the Federal Regulatory System: Agencies' Treating Nonlegislative Rules as Binding Law,” Boston College Law Review, 41 B.C. L. Rev 153, p. lexis
Depending on whether a rule is adopted with or without notice-and-comment
AND
the rule in court and have given up on the appeals process. n156

The CP avoids politics---but the plan and perm link
Connor N. Raso 10, J.D., Yale Law School, January 2010, “Note: Strategic or Sincere? Analyzing Agency Use of Guidance Documents,” The Yale Law Journal, 119 Yale L.J. 782, p. lexis
Guidance documents generally attract less attention from Congress and the President, giving agency leaders
AND
cases where Congress and the President are likely to intervene against the agency.

Tournament: Cal | Round:  | Opponent: Chico LP | Judge:
Immigration reform will pass and it’s on top of the agenda
CSM 1/10/2013 (Christian Science Monitor, Immigration reform in 2013? It has a champion in Corporate America., http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/DC-Decoder/Decoder-Wire/2013/0110/Immigration-reform-in-2013-It-has-a-champion-in-Corporate-America)
Corporate America’s top lobbyist Thursday laid out a slew of the business community’s top goals
AND
, has vowed to make immigration reform a top legislative priority in 2013.

Congress hates the plan- seen as wasteful spending, not commercially viable, and proliferation risk
UCS 2009 (Union of Concerned Scientists, alliance of more than 400,000 citizens and scientists, Global Nuclear Energy Partnership Programmatic Environmental Impact Statement, http://www.ucsusa.org/nuclear_power/nuclear_power_risk/nuclear_proliferation_and_terrorism/gnep-peis.html)
Taxpayers and Ratepayers Will Spend Billions of Dollars¶ Reprocessing would be much more costly
AND
continue drafting guidelines for a dirty, dangerous, and expensive reprocessing program.

PC key- especially with Democrats
DMN 1/2/2013 (Dallas Morning News, Editorial: Actions must match Obama’s immigration pledge, http://www.dallasnews.com/opinion/editorials/20130102-editorial-actions-must-match-obamas-immigration-pledge.ece)
President Barack Obama said all the right things Sunday about immigration reform. The president
AND
fight this year for a comprehensive solution. Nothing but action will count.

CIR key to reverse the signal of SB 1070
Lach 2012 (Alex, Assistant Editor in Online Communications at American Progress, BA in Political Science from Tufts, The Top 5 Reasons Why S.B. 1070 Damages America, 6/25, http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/immigration/news/2012/06/25/11785/the-top-5-reasons-why-s-b-1070-damages-america/)
5. The policies make the United States less attractive¶ The Supreme Court’s decision
AND
rejects racial bigotry, that is realistic and serves our nation’s best interest.

SB 1070 kills heg and cooperation key to solving free trade, terrorism, and prolif
Steinberg 2010 (James B., Deputy Secretary of State, former Dean of the Lyndon B. Johnson School of Public Affairs at the University of Texas at Austin, Deputy National Security Adviser on the staff of the National Security Council, President and Director of Foreign Policy Studies at the Brookings Institution, affidavit filed in US v. Arizona, UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR THE DISTRICT OF ARIZONA, Case 2:10-cv-01413-NVW Document 6-1 Filed 07/06/10, http://www.scribd.com/doc/33977183/U-S-v-Arizona-Exh-1-to-Motion-for-Preliminary-Injunction-Affidavit-of-James-Steinberg)
10.Second, S.B. 1070 necessarily antagonizes foreign governments and their
AND
the concerns of their constituents and the treatment of their own nationals abroad.

Tournament: USC | Round:  | Opponent: BU | Judge: 

Prolif

Empirical evidence proves deterrence solves- no great power wars since the nuke- negotiation strategies pigeon-hole U.S. into preventative wars

Zakaria 12 – editor at large of Time Magazine
(Fareed, "Deterrence works", The Washington Post. Mar 15, 2012. Proquest)
I am reminded of that turbulent meeting as I listen to the debates over Iran’s
AND
, Mao’s China, Kim Jong Il’s North Korea and the Pakistani military.

Non-proliferation moves guarantee proliferation- added incentive for a nuclear deterrent

Waltz 12 – Senior Research Scholar at the Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies and Adjunct Professor of Political Science at Columbia University (Kenneth N., Foreign Affairs. Why Iran Should get the Bomb Nuclear Balancing Would Mean Stability.http://sistemas.mre.gov.br/kitweb/datafiles/IRBr/pt-br/file/CAD/LXII%20CAD/Pol%C3%ADtica/Why%20Iran%20Should%20Get%20the%20Bomb.pdf)
The past several months have witnessed a heated debate over the best way for the
AND
country to acquire a¶ sophisticated nuclear program without building an actual bomb. 

Prolif key to international stability- solves your advantage

Waltz 12 – Senior Research Scholar at the Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies and Adjunct Professor of Political Science at Columbia University (Kenneth N., Foreign Affairs. Why Iran Should get the Bomb Nuclear Balancing Would Mean Stability.http://sistemas.mre.gov.br/kitweb/datafiles/IRBr/pt-br/file/CAD/LXII%20CAD/Pol%C3%ADtica/Why%20Iran%20Should%20Get%20the%20Bomb.pdf)
The third possible outcome of the standoff is that Iran continues its current course and
AND
allow it to act¶ more aggressively and increase its support for terrorism.

No terrorist armament – empirical

Waltz 12 – Senior Research Scholar at the Saltzman Institute of War and Peace Studies and Adjunct Professor of Political Science at Columbia University (Kenneth N., Foreign Affairs. Why Iran Should get the Bomb Nuclear Balancing Would Mean Stability.http://sistemas.mre.gov.br/kitweb/datafiles/IRBr/pt-br/file/CAD/LXII%20CAD/Pol%C3%ADtica/Why%20Iran%20Should%20Get%20the%20Bomb.pdf)
Some analysts even fear that Iran would directly¶ provide terrorists with nuclear arms.
AND
follow suit,¶ leading to a nuclear arms race in the Middle East. 

Snowball Arguments Are Hype

Kenneth Waltz, Prof. at UC Berkeley %26 Genius, 2007 Journal of International Affairs, "A Nuclear Iran: Promoting Stability or Courting Disaster", Summer
First, nuclear proliferation is not a problem because nuclear weapons have not proliferated.
AND
reasons, like China during the Cultural Revolution—behaves with such caution.

Even if They Win an Internal Link to Conflict Prolif Solves the Internal Link to Escalation

Chris Gagné, Research Associate, Confidence-Building Measures project 2001, "Nuclear Risk Reduction In South Asia: Building on Common Ground," The Stability-Instability Paradox: Nuclear Weapons and Brinksmanship in South Asia, Report No. 38, June
In 1961, Glenn Snyder wrote, "the Soviets probably feel, considering the
AND
a punitive Indian attack across the international border that might have escalated uncontrollably.

Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
Sort by Order for better organization

Neg Questions - eriksenmk @ gmail

Tournament: USC | Round:  | Opponent: BU | Judge: 

Environment

SQ will decrease emissions by 80% by 2050- maintaining the transition key to solve warming and avoid peak oil impacts

Lovins 2012 (Amory, physicist, environmental scientist, writer, and Chairman/Chief Scientist of the Rocky Mountain Institute, Oxford MA, A Farewell to Fossil Fuels: Answering the Energy Challenge, Foreign Affairs, March/April, proquest)
Weaning the United States from those fossil fuels would require two big shifts: in
AND
last, Americans could make energy do their work without working their undoing.

Nuke power trades off with renewables, jacks short-term transition key to solve warming and peak fossil fuel

Conolley 2011 (Heather, PhD Candidate in Political Science at UC- Santa Barbara, The Renaissance of Nuclear Energy in the Shadow of Climate Change, PhD Dissertation, proquest)
Given the long lead time associated with development and reactor ¶ construction, nuclear opponents
AND
). Thus opportunity costs for constructing nuclear reactors must be ¶ carefully considered.

Transition away from oil NOW key

Yetiv and Fowler 2011 (Dr. Steve Yetiv is University Professor of Political Science and International Studies at Old Dominion University, Eric Fowler is a Military Intelligence Officer in the US Army and PhD student at Old Dominion in International Studies, The Challenges of Decreasing Oil Consumption, Political Science Quarterly126. 2, proquest)
No one can predict an oil peak definitely or guess its specific effects. However
AND
oil, the less serious would be the potential effects of peak oil.

Peak oil destroys the global economy

Seljom and Rosenberg 2011 (Pernille and Eva, Institute for Energy Technology (Norway), A study of oil and natural gas resources and production, International Journal of Energy Sector Management5. 1(2011): 101-124. Proquest)
The long-term development of energy systems is characterised by a high degree of
AND
of the major oil fields in the world have passed their peak production.

Turn – Keystone XL

a) Boehner ensures Keystone XL gets bundled with the plan

Menton, 12
Jessica Menton, writer for the International Business Times, January 30, 2012, http://tv.ibtimes.com/senate-aims-to-bypass-obama-on-keystone-pipeline/3279.html-http://tv.ibtimes.com/senate-aims-to-bypass-obama-on-keystone-pipeline/3279.html

This new bill is a lot like the old one, but it makes it
AND
project is not approved by the time the bill comes to a vote. 

b) Keystone XL massively contributes to warming – turns the case

- Dirty fuel source
- Higher extraction of crude
- Carbon-intensive production of steel and materials for construction
Cornell GLI in 2011. Cornell University, School of Industrial and Labor Relations - Global Labor Institute, "Pipe dreams? Jobs Gained, Jobs Lost by the Construction of Keystone XL" November. /sal http://www.ilr.cornell.edu/globallaborinstitute/research/upload/GLI_KeystoneXL_Reportpdf.pdf

It is a well known fact that if emissions rise, air quality deteriorates,
AND
(MMTCO2e) annually to emissions from average U.S crude. 96 

No warming impact

- Recent cooling disproves climate models
- CO2 is not a pollutant – agriculture and wildlife trends prove
- Evidence is biased – scientists seeking funding
- Dissent is being quelled by warming theorists – crushes scientific inquiry
Allegre et al. 12
(Claude Allegre, former director of the Institute for the Study of the Earth
AND
/SB10001424052970204301404577171531838421366.html, accessed 5-24-12Bosley)

There’s no compelling scientific argument for drastic action to ’decarbonize’ the world’s economy. A
AND
, and they fiercely defended their dogma and the privileges it brought them.

Oceans are resilient

Union Leader 95 
And it seems even more unlikely that the suggestion would come from a marine geologist
AND
to consider the deep sea as a storage place of the world’s wastes.

No Impact to water wars—warming won’t heighten tension in the region, other issues overwhelm

Water wars won’t escalate between India and Pakistan—if there is war it’s for different reasons

Alam 12-1-2002 (Undala PhD in political geography from Durham University on the negotiations between India and Pakistan and a trained mediator "Questioning the water wars rationale: a case study of the Indus Waters Treaty." http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-2567100/Questioning-the-water-wars-rationale.html-http://goliath.ecnext.com/coms2/gi_0199-2567100/Questioning-the-water-wars-rationale.html)
The water wars rationale forecasts war between countries dependent upon a shared water resource if
AND
of Indo-Pakistan tensions was the Indus waters dispute. (4)

No water wars ever

Jeremy Allouche 11 is currently a Research Fellow at the Institute of Development Studies at the University of Sussex. "The sustainability and resilience of global water and food systems: Political analysis of the interplay between security, resource scarcity, political systems and global trade" Food PolicyVolume 36, Supplement 1, January 2011, Pages S3-S8 Accessed via: Science Direct Sciverse
Water/food resources, war and conflict
The question of resource scarcity has led to many debates on whether scarcity (whether
AND
the last two centuries humankind has breached many resource barriers that seemed unchallengeable.
Lessons from history: alarmist scenarios, resource wars and international relations
In a so-called age of uncertainty, a number of alarmist scenarios have
AND
for raising water/food as key policy priorities at the international level.
In the Middle East, presidents, prime ministers and foreign ministers have also used
AND
Jordan, none of these declarations have been followed up by military action.
The governance of transboundary water has gained increased attention these last decades. This has a direct impact on the global food system as water allocation agreements determine the amount of water that can used for irrigated agriculture. The likelihood of conflicts over water is an important parameter to consider in assessing the stability, sustainability and resilience of global food systems.
None of the various and extensive databases on the causes of war show water as
AND
rhetoric intended for the electorate (Otchet, 2001, p. 18).
As shown in The Basins At Risk (BAR) water event database, more
AND
negotiated since 1945 (~FAO, 1978~ and ~FAO, 1984~).
The fear around water wars have been driven by a Malthusian outlook which equates scarcity
AND
Dinar and Dinar, 2005~ and ~Brochmann and Gleditsch, 2006~).
In terms of international relations, the threat of water wars due to increasing scarcity does not make much sense in the light of the recent historical record. Overall, the water war rationale expects conflict to occur over water, and appears to suggest that violence is a viable means of securing national water supplies, an argument which is highly contestable.
The debates over the likely impacts of climate change have again popularised the idea of
AND
Barnett and Adger, 2007~ and ~Kevane and Gray, 2008~).

No such thing as fusion

Abbott 2012 (Derek, professor in the School of¶ Electrical and Electronic Engineering at the¶ University of Adelaide in Australia, Limits to growth: Can nuclear¶ power supply the world’s¶ needs?, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, http://www.eleceng.adelaide.edu.au/personal/dabbott/publications/BAS_abbott2012.pdf)
Fusion reactors¶ An alternative to nuclear fission is¶ nuclear fusion. It promises
AND
the likelihood of seeing¶ commercial fusion this century is virtually¶ zero.

SMRs won’t come online before 2022 – evidence cites the DOE

McCormick, 12 (Colin, Senior Advisor for R%26D in the Office of the Under Secretary at the Department of Energy, Interview on October 22, 2012, http://www.debateandtherealworld.com/article.php?id=3-http://www.debateandtherealworld.com/article.php?id=3)
D+TRW: What steps can the DOD or DOE take to promote SMRs
AND
it works safely and efficiently and will be ready to go by 2022. 

SMR commercialization now due to DOE action, solves all "signal" and "leadership" advantages

Halper 12/3/2012 (Mark, Blogger-in-residence at the Weinberg Foundation, a UK-based not-for-profit organisation dedicated to advancing the research, development and deployment of safe, clean and affordable nuclear energy technologies, ’Small’ step forward for alternative nuclear: U.S. Dept. of Energy funds Babcock %26 Wilcox modular reactor, http://www.the-weinberg-foundation.org/2012/12/03/small-step-forward-for-alternative-nuclear-u-s-dept-of-energy-funds-babcock-wilcox-modular-reactor/)
Chalk up a small victory for alternative nuclear power in the West. The U
AND
, Pennsylvania-based Lehigh Heavy Forge Corp. to fabricate the shell.

Restrictions don’t matter- it’s just a cost and design barrier, which are being overcome now

NIC 12/19/2012 (Nuclear Information Center, features insights into many aspects of the nuclear industry, including emergency planning, nuclear personnel training, new nuclear, radiation and more. Content published here is written by experts from Duke Energy’s nuclear fleet, Small, Modular Reactors Driving Nuclear Industry to New Energy Frontiers, http://nuclear.duke-energy.com/2012/12/19/small-modular-reactors-driving-nuclear-industry-to-new-energy-frontiers/)
Like the Mini Coopers of the automotive world, a new generation of mini-
AND
nuclear generation more feasible and ultimately reducing the country’s dependence on fossil fuels."

Tournament: USC | Round:  | Opponent: Minnesota SS | Judge: 

Case

Death outweighs all their impacts – it’s the only impact you can’t recover from
Zygmunt Bauman, University Of Leeds Professor Emeritus Of Sociology, Life In Fragments: Essays In Postmodern Morality, 95, p. 66-71.
The being for is like living towards the future: a being
AND
happens later, and this reality, too, dissolves straightaway into potentialities’. 

Our impacts turn structural violence
Martin, Professor of Social Sciences in the School of Social Sciences, Media and Communication at the University of Wollongong, 1982
~Brian, Bulletin of Peace Proposals, Vol. 13, No. 2, 1982, pp. 149-159~
As mentioned earlier, one likely consequence of nuclear war, or even the threat
AND
double purpose, and also links peace movement activities with other social movements.

We solve root causes-Top down impacts come first
Joshua Goldstein, Int’l Rel Prof @ American U, 2001, War and Gender, p. 412

First, peace activists face a dilemma in thinking about causes of war and working
AND
on injustice as the main cause of war seems to be empirically inadequate. 

The role of the judge is to evaluate terminal consequences of plan action. Any other framework condemns innocents to suffering.
Murray 97 (Alastair, Professor of Politics at U. of Wales-Swansea, Reconstructing Realism, p. 110)
Weber emphasised that, while the ’absolute ethic of the gospel’ must be taken seriously
AND
underlying this doctrine ’leads to the negation of absolute ethical judgements altogether’.13  

Morality must take a backseat to the possibility of catastrophic consequences
Tim Stelzig, Attorney Advisor in the Competition Policy Division of the FCC’s Wireline Competition Bureau, former associate with Arnold %26 Porter in Washington, D.C., JD from the University of Pennsylvania Law School, March 1998, University of Pennsylvania Law Review, 146 U. Pa. L. Rev. 901, p. 959
Rights act as "trumps,"(n3) "side-constraints,"(n4)
AND
going beyond what is minimally necessary to preserve social order is not justified. 

Tournament: USC | Round:  | Opponent: Minnesota SS | Judge: 

Interpretation –   The affirmative can only claim advantages based on energy production solely in the United States. They can read critical affirmatives as long as their arguments stem from critiques of energy production in the United States.

Words %26 Phrases 3 – WORDS %26 PHRASES, Vol. 43, 2003, p. 469
FIa.App. 3 Dist. 19,76. Term "United States," as used in statute providing for exclusion of income and losses derived from sources outside of United States, means only the 50 states and the District of Columbia. West’s F.S.A. § 220.13(1)(b)2b. Heft- ler Const. Co. and Subsidiaries v. Department of Revenue, 334 So.2d 129, certiorari denied 341 So.2d 1082.-Tax 1001.1, 1074.1.

Violation – Native American nations are not considered a part of the United States.

The Random House Dictionary of the English Language (The Unabridged Edition) 1983. prep: 1.a. Within the confines of; inside.
American Indian tribal powers originate with the history of tribes managing their own affairs.
AND
foreign nations, among the several states, and with the Indian tribes. 

Voting Issue

Limits - They severely unlimit the topic – allowing critical affirmatives that can critique United States energy production in any location prevents the negative from every being able to prepare effectively.

Predictability - Topic meeting had explicit discussions about including "in the United States" to prevent affs that went outside of U.S. jurisdiction – draw the line early to prevent an explosion of affs later

Ground – allowing affs that appropriate outside of the United States robs the negative of typical negative such as domestic backlash disads. Specific regions affirmatives give the Aff unpredictable angles against core generic.

Tournament: Cal | Round:  | Opponent: Chico LP | Judge: 

The aff’s linear analysis of energy systems creates rigid explanations that bracket out a complex analysis of the linkages between energy systems that is necessary for creating sustainable energy futures

Snyder and Schwab 2012 Neil Snyder-National Renewable Energy Laboratory and Amy Schwab-National Renewable Energy Laboratory APPROACHES FOR PLANNING AND IMPLEMENTING SUSTAINABLE ENERGY GROWTH IN A COMPLEX WORLD This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract No. DE-AC36-08-G028308 with the National Renewable Energy Laboratory. www.nrel.gov/docs/fy12osti/54506.pdf
5. EXPLORING OUR ANALYTICAL TOOL KIT¶ Understanding
longer term implications and the model’s shortcomings become apparent.

Multiple experts don’t make a claim vaild – the prediction business thrives upon finding a normative explanation for uncontrollable events

Dubner et al 11 (Steven Levitt William B. Ogden Distinguished Service Professor of Economics at the University of Chicago; Stephen J. Dubner¶ is an award-winning author, journalist, and TV and radio personality; Mixich, a reporter in Bucharest; Philip Tetlock, a¶ psychology professor at Penn and author of Expert Political Judgment; Christina Fang,a professor of management at NYU’s¶ Stern business school; Prusacki directs the statistics division at the USDA’s National Agricultural Statistics Service; Nassim¶ Taleb Polytechnic Institute of New York University and Oxford University; Robin Hanson, an economist at George Mason¶ University "The Folly of Prediction: Full Transcript" Freakonomics Podcast June 30 http://www.freakonomics.com/2011/06/30/the-folly-of-prediction-full-transcript/)
LEVITT: That’s probably right. That’s exactly right
supply you get the infusion of fake supply.

K turns the whole aff- impacts are impossible to quantify and unexpected events will undermine solvency

Jervis, professor of international affairs – Columbia, ‘97
(Robert, “Complex Systems: The Role of Interactions,” in Complexity, Global Politics, and National Security, eds. David S. Alberts and Thomas J. Czerwinski, National Defense University)
Ripples move through channels established
people who took cover on August 6.

The alternative is a new predictive method that incorporates complexity – an ontological shift from simple to complex systems will open new paths to knowledge and generate different solutions to policy problems – status quo approaches inevitably fail

Harrison 6 (Neil, Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Wyoming, Founder and Executive Director of the Sustainable Development Institute, “Thinking About the World We Make,” in Complexity in World Politics ed. Neil E. Harrison, State University of New York Press, 2006, p. 1-2)
¶ Despite nearly a hundred years of theorizing
world politics. In the final section of this chapter I outline the rest of the book.

Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
A. The aff must defend a topical plan and its implementation by the United States federal government.
The colon means the USFG is the agent of the res
Webster’s Guide to Grammar and Writing, 2K (http://ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/marks/colon.htm-http://ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/marks/colon.htm)
Use of a colon before a list or an explanation that is preceded by a clause that can stand by itself. Think of the colon as a gate, inviting one to go on… If the introductory phrase preceding the colon is very brief and the clause following the colon represents the real business of the sentence, begin the clause after the colon with a capital letter.
That excludes individual action
Black’s Law Dictionary, ’99 (Seventh Edition Ed. Bryan A. Garner (chief))
Federal government 1. A national government that exercises some degree of control over smaller political units that have surrendered some degree of power in exchange for the right to participate in national political matters.
C. Energy POLICY matters and we need policy action to address the pressing energy needs of the US and the world- Must evaluate consequences
Wirth, Gray %26 Podesta, very qualified, ’3 The Future  of Energy
AND
Clinton. Volume 82 • Number 4 Foreign Affairs 2003 Council on Foreign Relations
The big questions A century ago, Lord Selborne, the first lord of the
AND
challenges and the interests that can be mobilized for the necessary political change. 

Abstract intellectualism is useless—environmental philosophers should orient themselves towards real-life problems.
Avner De-Shalit, 2k. Professor of Political Theory at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and Associate Fellow at the Oxford Centre for Environment, Ethics, and Society, Mansfield College, Oxford University. "The Environment: Between Theory and Practice," p. 20, Questia.
So animal rights philosophers have been missing the chance to find a way to many
AND
philosophers who suggest this idea, and scorn all such claims as nonsense.
Policymakers will inevitably make predictions—the only question is whether they’re based off of explicit or implicit threats. Failure to make predictions based off of explicit risk calculation guarantees poor decisionmaking.
Fitzsimmons, 07  (Michael, defense analyst in Washington DC. "The Problem of Uncertainty in Strategic Planning", Survival, Winter 06/07)
In defence of prediction  Uncertainty is not a new phenomenon for strategists. Clausewitz knew
AND
reinvigorate their efforts in the messy but indispensable business of predicting the future.
Scenario planning is vital to create appropriate risk assessments
Kurasawa, 04 (Professor of Sociology, York University of Toronto, Fuyuki, Constellations Volume 11, No 4, 2004)
A radically postmodern line of thinking, for instance, would lead us to believe
AND
early warning is making its way into preventive action on the global stage.  
Nuclear war comes first
Kateb, Professor of Politics at Princeton University, ’92 (George, "The Inner Ocean" p 111-112)
Schell’s work attempts to force on us an acknowledgment that sounds far-fetched and
AND
hence as morally allowed, perhaps enjoined, to take the appropriate preserving step

Tournament: CSUF | Round:  | Opponent: Iowa LL | Judge: 

Interpretation – "should" requires immediacy and certainty

Summer, ’94 (Justice, Oklahoma Supreme Court, http://www.oscn.net/applications/oscn/DeliverDocument.asp?CiteID=20287~~%23marker3fn14)
The legal question to be resolved by the court is whether the word "should
AND
. 336, 337, 27 L.Ed. 201 (1882).  

Violation – the plan text is not certain – it establishes purchase contracts for facilities that use "wind power, solar power, or wind AND solar power

Vote negative – leaving the option to switch which energies the plan effects in the 2AC kills counterplan and disad ground and makes the aff conditional – independent voting issue for fairness

Tournament: CSUF | Round:  | Opponent: Iowa LL | Judge: 

CP TEXT: The 50 States and the District of Columbia should grant renewable energy generators compensation exceeding avoided cost.

The CP solves competitiveness and avoids FERC regulations.

Hempling et al 10 Scott Hempling National Regulatory Research Institute Silver Spring, Maryland Carolyn Elefant The Law Offices of Carolyn Elefant Washington, D.C. Karlynn Cory National Renewable Energy Laboratory Golden, Colorado Kevin Porter Exeter Associates, Inc. Golden, Colorado "Renewable Energy Prices in State-Level Feed-in Tariffs: Federal Law Constraints and Possible Solutions" Technical Report NREL/TP-6A2-47408 January 2010
Compensation for PURPA Sellers: States can—with care—grant renewable sellers compensation
AND
non-rate compensation has not been specifically applied to FPA by FERC.

Tournament: CSUF | Round:  | Opponent: Iowa LL | Judge: 

Grid

No blackouts—05 Energy bill solves
IEEE 7 (Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc, "Reliability and Blackouts," 4-25-2007+, http://www.electripedia.info/reliability.asp)
After the major blackouts of 1965, the North American Electric Reliability Council (NERC
AND
reliability and safety of the nation’s electric power system for decades to come.

Grid is resilient and sustainable
Clark 12, MA candidate – Intelligence Studies @ American Military University, senior analyst – Chenega Federal Systems, 4/28/’12
(Paul, "The Risk of Disruption or Destruction of Critical U.S. Infrastructure by an Offensive Cyber Attack," American Military University)
In 2003, a simple physical breakdown occurred – trees shorted a power line and caused a
fault – that had a cascading effect and caused a power blackout across the Northeast (Lewis
2010). This singular occurrence has been used as evidence that the electrical grid is fragile and
subject to severe disruption through cyber-attack, a disruption that could cost billions of dollars,
brings business to a halt, and could even endanger lives – if compounded by other catastrophic
events (Brennan 2012). A power disruption the size of the 2003 blackout,
AND
.S. Senate¶ Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs 2012).

Blackouts have no lasting effect on the American economy

CBS Marketwatch 3 (Greg Robb, "Economy to shrug off blackout", August 16, http://www.marketwatch.com/news/story/blackout-impact-economy-big-snowstorm/story.aspx?guid=%7B12B5DD14-9251-43E7-B163-5128DD06F3CC%7D)
It’s hard to think of a snowstorm in August, but that’s the best way
AND
activity, people change their behavior, but everything comes back to normal."

And, the 2003 blackout proves

Shah 3 (Angela, "Blackout Only Slows U.S. Economy", The Dallas Morning News, 8/16/03, http://www.accessmylibrary.com/comsite5/bin/aml_landing_tt.pl?page=aml_article_print%26item_id=0286-8883087%26purchase_type=ITM%26action=print-http://www.accessmylibrary.com/comsite5/bin/aml_landing_tt.pl?page=aml_article_print%26item_id=0286-8883087%26purchase_type=ITM%26action=print)
The largest blackout in U.S. history has wreaked comparatively little damage to
AND
Thursday and Friday will be made up quickly in the next few weeks.

Sandy proves resiliency

No Risk of Meltdown – Safeguards Post 9/11 Account for Prolonged Blackout Periods

Associated Press 2011  By Dina Cappiello   03/29/11 "Long Blackouts Pose Risk To U.S. Nuclear Reactors" http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2011/03/29/blackout-risk-us-nuclear-reactors_n_841869.html
Despite the added safety measures, a 1997 report found that blackouts – the loss
AND
to-date information about the plant, resulted in the rosier outlook.

Tournament: CSUF | Round:  | Opponent: Concordia | Judge: 

Case

Finitude is an inevitability and aff can’t transgress it - there is no "true" sacrifice, veritable existence is unsacrificeable, and the truth of existence is that it cannot be sacrificed

Our inevitable confrontation with death and suffering is a permanent feature of existence – we
AND
policy, the only ethical mechanism to reduce suffering is through concrete material action

The inevitability of death solves 100% of their aff – it’s not necessary to sacrifice the lives of others to recognize your finitude, because confrontation with death and suffering are a permanent feature of existence.  This also means that trying to improve the world by preventing the suffering of others is actually awesome.

Jean-Luc Nancy 1991, Professor of Political Philosophy and Media Aesthetics at the European Graduate School, "The Unsacrificeable," Yale French Studies 79
On the one hand, what is at stake since the beginning of the Western
AND
and that finally the truth of existence is that it cannot be sacrificed.

Death first—we should condemn ruthless slaughter—being alive is a prerequisite to conscious expenditure

Itzkowitz ’99 Kenneth Itzkowitz, "To Witness Spectacles of Pain: The Hypermorality of Georges Bataille," College Literature, Vol. 26, Issue 1, Winter 1999, ebsco
Yet in our lives there are also limits. It is unlikely that Bataille would
AND
we are most vulnerable to them, enacting them anyway, albeit inattentively.

The value of excess expenditure is instantly collapsed the minute it is deployed as academic currency in a debate round

Paul Mann, Literature prof @ Pomona, 1999, Masocriticism, p. 67-69
I would like at one and the same time to affirm this model and to
AND
theory itself as death. Of theory-death. A double fatality.

We aren’t all hopeless now, and their vision of ecstasy solely thrill-seeks us to death.
DAVID JOHNSON has a DPhil. in English and Related Literature (York University), an MA (Distinction) in Continental Philosophy (Warwick University) and a BA (Hons) in Literature and Philosophy (Middlesex Polytechnic). Time %26 Society copyright © 2003 available via SAGE database 

Bataille affirms the living moment, but as a moment that creates transience (the
AND
of death is more important than a mere leap from life into death.

That reasoning justifies mass atrocity and death.
Boldt-Irons, 2K
(Leslie Anne, Associate Professor of French at Brock University, "Military discipline and revolutionary exaltation: the dismantling of "l’illusion lyrique" in Malraux’s L’Espoir and Bataille’s Le Bleu du Ciel," Romantic Review, vol. 91 issue 4, p. 481)

In 1933, Bataille contributed a review of André Malraux’s novel La Condition humaine to
AND
for which even death in all its atrocity might be the payment required. 

(  ) Their starting point is so-obsessed with finding meaning in death that they become death-obsessed.
THAT’S what denies value in living
DAVID JOHNSON has a DPhil. in English and Related Literature (York University), an MA (Distinction) in Continental Philosophy (Warwick University) and a BA (Hons) in Literature and Philosophy (Middlesex Polytechnic). Time %26 Society copyright © 2003 available via SAGE database
For Bataille, the full engagement with the truth of transience generates a form of
AND
And the pleasures and pains of time are revealed to be excessive stakes. 

 (  ) The aff overestimates the value of death to the living being – it’s better to max-out lived time and experiences
DAVID JOHNSON has a DPhil. in English and Related Literature (York University), an MA (Distinction) in Continental Philosophy (Warwick University) and a BA (Hons) in Literature and Philosophy (Middlesex Polytechnic). Time %26 Society copyright © 2003 available via SAGE database
This work sets out to attack Bataille’s assumption that life is essentially transient. Using Bergson’s anti-teleological thought experiments, I hope to reveal the ludicrous paradoxes involved in seeing the essence of time in time’s end. With Bergson, I demand that we consider time to be the whole of its flow. I insist that Bataille overestimates the importance that death has for living beings, and I affirm instead the intensity of lived time and ongoing experiences. 

(  ) The aff’s premise of inevitable extinction is simply wrong:
DAVID JOHNSON has a DPhil. in English and Related Literature (York University), an MA (Distinction) in Continental Philosophy (Warwick University) and a BA (Hons) in Literature and Philosophy (Middlesex Polytechnic). Time %26 Society copyright © 2003 available via SAGE database 

I shall assume that time cannot be separated from space, and that time is
AND
restricted view of time not be a slave perspective in the Nietzschean sense?  

Skoekl’s language and philosophy is extremely gendered and sexist, they must justify their use of his work before evaluating it

Imray 7 (Kathryn, Murdoch University, "Review of Allan Stoekl, Bataille’s Peak: Energy, Religion and Postsustainability", The Bible and Critical theory) CC
Stoekl clearly enjoys his subject. His ideas are original, and his writing sometimes
AND
by feminist scholars, and one must ask whether¶ Stoekl’s choice is justifiable

Tournament: Cal | Round:  | Opponent: Stanford GL | Judge: 

Focus on Linguistics Rather Than Material Reality Isolates Marxist Politics in Intellectual Ivory Towers and Precludes the Possibility of Action Because We Are Constantly Searching for Endless Lines of Causality

 Rene Francisco Poitevin, PhD Cand Sociol @ UC-Davis and big time "on the ground" marxist 2001"The end of anti-capitalism as we knew it: Reflections on postmodern Marxism", The Socialist Review
The End of Capitalism (As We Knew It) begs another question: Who
AND
oppositions, the differences" that constitute the episteme of a period.33

The affirmative gets at an analysis of the Palin ideology – but the 1ACs analysis fails to reveal that the "drill, baby drill" ideology is the SAFETY VALVE of the capitalist system

Klien 9 (Naomi, Canadian author and social activist known for her political analyses and criticism of corporate globalization. Capitalism, Sarah Palin-Style. http://www.progressive.org/klein0809.html)
Excerpted from the August issue of The Progressive magazine¶ What if the bailout actually
AND
can survive this crisis. But the world can’t survive another capitalist comeback.

Our political responsibility is to refuse believe in the system that masks structural violence on a global scale

Zizek and Daly in 4
 (Slavoj and Glyn, Conversations with Zizek pg. 14-16)
For Zizek it is imperative that we cut through this Gord¬ian knot of postmodern protocol
AND
the abject Other to that of a ’glitch’ in an otherwise sound matrix.

The alternative is to refuse belief in Capitalism

CAPITALISM IS PERPETUATED SIMPLY BECAUSE IT IS GIVEN SYMBOLIC AUTHORITY. REFUSING TO ACCEPT THE IDEOLOGY OF CAPITALISM ALLOWS IT TO SELF-TERMINATE.

Johnston 4
Johnston, Dept of Philisophy at Univ. of New Mexico, 2004 (Adrian, "The Cynic’s Fetish: Slavoj Žižek and the Dynamics of Belief, Pshycoanalysis, Culture, and Society, December)

Žižek makes the paradoxical move of arguing, alongside his rejection of a stable distinction
AND
complementary partner (the core of each of these entities being utterly vacant).

Tournament: Cal | Round:  | Opponent: Stanford GL | Judge: 

We endorse the rhetorical criticism of the 1AC sans its parodic elements

The 1AC is structured the way it is so that they can claim that debate norms are bad in the 2ac- the PIC agrees with the thesis that some debate norms are bad-but disagrees with their mocking, overidentifying way of addressing the harms

Performing through parody doesn’t cause social or political change- it accepts an inevitable ordering of power, limiting agency within the ivory tower

Nussbaum 99 (Martha, Ernst Freund Distinguished Service Professor of Law and Ethics at the University of Chicago, "The Professor of Parody")

From this claim it does not follow, for Butler, that we can freely
AND
for what, in Excitable Speech, Butler calls "an ironic hopefulness."

Your strategy lacks any political relevance- performing and parodying becomes so subservient to strict theory it lacks any applicability to the material world and becomes irrelevant to anyone that isn’t your ideological mirror

Nussbaum 99 (Martha, Ernst Freund Distinguished Service Professor of Law and Ethics at the University of Chicago, "The Professor of Parody")
Suppose we grant Butler her most interesting claims up to this point: that the
AND
sense of the texture of social oppression and the harm that it does.

Tournament: Cal | Round:  | Opponent: Stanford GL | Judge: 

The aff restricts the possibility of a micropolitical measure that breaks from our reliance on consuming information from the state apparatus

Guattari 89 (Felix, French militant and schizoanalyst, "The Three Ecologies" http://www.amielandmelburn.org.uk/collections/newformations/08_131.pdf)
If today, human relationships with the socius, the psyche, and ’nature’ are
AND
communications, and the interdependence of urban centres are, equally, irreversible.

Re-thinking our role in energy production is necessary for creating new political assemblages towards environmental protection – reject the call to criticize energy production in favor of actively de-centralizing our energy structures

Vail 6
(Jeff, lawyer, former editor and board member of the Denver Journal of International Law and Policy. A Theory of Power. Forward to Rhizome Ch 9. http://www.scribd.com/doc/22803389/Forward-to-Rhizome-Theory-of-Power-Jeff-Vail)
Power remains distributed to the level of the individual rhizome node through local, functional
AND
ties has a better chance to reach a large number of people.9

Tournament: Cal | Round:  | Opponent: Stanford GL | Judge: 

Decades of Counter Cultural Movements Proves Your Aff Fails to Create Change –Institutional Engagement is the Only Way to Alter Social Structure

Joseph Heath philosophy professor at the University of Toronto and Andrew Potter visiting fellow at the Centre de Recherche en Éthique at the Université de Montréal 2004 Nation of rebels: why counterculture became consumer culture Pg 5-6
In the ’60s, the baby boomers declared their implacable opposition to "the system
AND
more of this. Less fun perhaps, but potentially much more useful. 

Even if They Win a Risk of Collective Action, Individual Self Interest Means Your Alternative Creates the Prisoners Dilemma Where No One Acts – At Best, the 1960s Commune Movement Proves You Will Just Replicate Mainstream Structures in Order to Maintain Support

Joseph Heath philosophy professor at the University of Toronto and Andrew Potter visiting fellow at the Centre de Recherche en Éthique at the Université de Montréal 2004 Nation of rebels: why counterculture became consumer culture
What both sides in this debate fail to consider is that coercion may be necessary
AND
drop. Think about it for a few minutes. I’ll be back." 

Even if Your Politics Are Effective Failure to Paint a Viable Alternative Means You Cant Prevent Perversion

Joseph Heath philosophy professor at the University of Toronto and Andrew Potter visiting fellow at the Centre de Recherche en Éthique at the Université de Montréal 2004 Nation of rebels: why counterculture became consumer culture
It should be clear by now just how modest the Marxian critique of society was
AND
into an increasingly narcissistic preoccupation with personal spiri¬tual growth and well-being.

No spillover to the material- People May Join But Not For the Reasons You Think – Consumer Culture Proves That People Will Do It Just To Be Different

Joseph Heath philosophy professor at the University of Toronto and Andrew Potter visiting fellow at the Centre de Recherche en Éthique at the Université de Montréal 2004 Nation of rebels: why counterculture became consumer culture
And the thought that wearing Burberry might telegraph the message "I like reality TV
AND
been fooled by the system. I am not a ; ’mindless cog." 

This Creates a Race to The Bottom – Counter Culture is a Status Symbol  That Will Cause More Radicalism – This Effort to Remain Exclusive Will Make Future Politics Increasingly Irrelevant While Feeding the System

Joseph Heath philosophy professor at the University of Toronto and Andrew Potter visiting fellow at the Centre de Recherche en Éthique at the Université de Montréal 2004 Nation of rebels: why counterculture became consumer culture
The problem, of course, is that not everyone can be a rebel,
AND
with the stuff "the establishment" convinced him to buy last year.

They Are in a Double Bind – Either They Ignore the Material Conditions Surrounding Cultural Representations Making Their Project Artificial or They Insulate Themselves so Much From the Community That Change Becomes Impossible

Jane Juffer former director of the Latino/a Studies Initiative @ Penn State 2001 "The Limits of Culture Latino Studies, Diversity Management and the Corporate University" Nepantla: Views from South 2.2 ~quals continued: Associate Professor of English @ Cornell~
Yet it appears that many cultural critics who have recently written about the corporate university
AND
it is productive, politically efficacious, and not necessarily co-opted.

Tournament: Cal | Round:  | Opponent: Pepperdine ER | Judge: 

Off

Increase means make greater

Dictionary.com 2012
in•crease   ~v. in-krees; n. in-krees~  Show IPA verb, in•creased, in•creas•ing, noun
verb (used with object)
1.
to make greater, as in number, size, strength, or quality; augment; add to: to increase taxes.

Substantial means major differences

Ocoba, Justice for the Supreme Court of the State of Hawaii, 2-22-5 (J., Dissenting Opinion with J. Nakayama, STATE OF HAWAI`I, Plaintiff-Appellant vs. KYLE EVAN DOMINGUES, Defendant-Appellee, On Appeal from the Circuit Court of the First Circuit, CR. NO. 02-1-0564, NO. 25208, http://www.state.hi.us/jud/25208dis.htm)**
A comparison of HRS §§ 291-4.4 and 291E-61 manifestly
AND
which allows charges to be brought under the repealed statute even after repeal.  

They have to be substantial compared to ALL incentives for renewables

Gouchoe Everette and Haynes ’2 (S., V., and R., "Case Studies on the Effectiveness of State Financial Incentives for Renewable Energy," North Carolina University National Renewable Energy Laboratory, September, http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy02osti/32819.pdf-http://www.nrel.gov/docs/fy02osti/32819.pdf**, Mike)
A single financial incentive by itself is not likely to ensure significant market penetration of small-scale renewable energy technologies. Implementing a set of complementary incentives that may include net metering, low-interest loans, tax credits, property and sales tax exemptions, and/or buy-downs, can have a significant market impact relative to the historic small markets for PV and small wind.

Two violations- they don’t mandate an increase, and aren’t substantial in the effect

Reasons to vote-

FX- they justify anything that COULD lead to an increase- denies all mechanism ground and leads to the "reelect Obama" aff

Ground- tiny changes to current STATE-LEVEL programs leave the neg with literally nothing- can’t get unique disads because incentives exist now- they need to be a major departure from the SQ

Tournament: Cal | Round:  | Opponent: Pepperdine ER | Judge: 

Solar power emits worse GHGs than the CO2 it offsets

Zehner 12
Ozzie Zehner, June 04 2012, Ozzie Zehner is a  University of California Berkeley Visiting Scholar
 "Green Illusions: The Dirty Secrets Of Clean Energy," http://thegwpf.org/the-climate-record/5880-green-illusions-the-dirty-secrets-of-clean-energy-.html, d/a 8-2-12, ads)

Hexafluoroethane has a global warming potential that is 12,000 times higher than CO2
AND
technologies high in the gold-rimmed suburbs of Arizona and California. 

Solar Increases warming—Backup generators

Zycher 11
Dr. Benjamin Zycher, 4/9/11, Dr. Zycher is a visiting scholar for the American Enterprise Institute, The folly of renewable electricity dailycaller.com/2011/04/19/the-folly-of-renewable-electricity/
A cleaner environment is worth it, you say? Not so fast. As
AND
higher taxes to feed a Sacramento monster utterly destructive in so many dimensions.

Climate change results in multiple scenarios for extinction

Sawin Senior Director of the Energy and Climate Change Program at the WorldWatch Institute Aug. ’12 (Janet, "Climate Change Poses Greater Security Threat than Terrorism," http://www.worldwatch.org/node/77, Mike)
As early as 1988, scientists cautioned that human tinkering with the Earth’s climate amounted
AND
of shared water bodies and increase the likelihood of violent conflict over water resources

Natural gas boom prevents switch to local solar development

Weinrub -10 (Al Weinrub, Al Weinrub is a member of the Sierra Club California Energy-Climate Committee and serves on the Steering Committee of the Bay Area’s Local Clean Energy Alliance. COMMUNITY POWER, Decentralized Renewable Energy in California, December 2010, http://www.clean-coalition.org/storage/CommunityPowerPublication_Online.pdf)
It would seem self-evident that solar and wind energy, which by their nature are
geographically distributed, would be perfect candidates for locally produced electricity. How could it
AND
in the legislation and allowing the 20 percent requirement to slip to 2013.

Concerns about energy price hikes means massive public opposition against solar.

Murgatroyd, ’11 ~Stephen, is a consultant in innovative business and education practices with a PHd in psychology. Forget Peak Oil. Think Peak Renewables www.troymedia.com/2011/06/04/ forget-peak-oil-think-peak-renewables/~
But more significantly, there is a public counter-reaction to "green"
AND
not need to worry. We are a long way from peak energy.

Public support is critical to the effectiveness of local environmental initiatives – they can’t solve without it.

Stern et al -99 (Paul Stern, National Research Council, Thomas Dietz, Troy Abel, Gregory A. Guagnano and Linda Kalof, Department of Sociology %26 Anthropology, George Mason University, A Value-Belief-Norm Theory of Support for Social Movements: The Case of Environmentalism, Human Ecology Review, Vol. 6, No. 2, 1999, http://www.humanecologyreview.org/Human%20Ecology/HER_6,2,1999.pdf?q=human-synergetics~%23page=87)
Public support is one of the most important resources social movements mobilize in their efforts
AND
their children from exposure to these materials; and by ordinary political participation.

Can’t solve – need to have the federal government actively promote solar energy - their author.

Pursley and Wiseman 11 ~Garrick, Assistant Professor of Law, University of Toledo College of Law, and Hannah, Assistant Professor of Law, University of Tulsa College of Law, "Local Energy", Emory Law Journal, 60 Emory L.J. 877~
Our suggestion, then, is that the federal government should first establish some a
AND
to anti-renewables interests and stifle the adoption of distributed renewables.303

Centralization model has large backing – local groups don’t have the resources to compete against utilities.

Weinrub -10 (Al Weinrub, Al Weinrub is a member of the Sierra Club California Energy-Climate Committee and serves on the Steering Committee of the Bay Area’s Local Clean Energy Alliance. COMMUNITY POWER, Decentralized Renewable Energy in California, December 2010, http://www.clean-coalition.org/storage/CommunityPowerPublication_Online.pdf)
The Legacy Model of Big Power Another factor at play—besides the priority afforded
AND
utilities and other large vested energy interests that promote this legacy model. 104

Lack of semiconductors prevent solar power now.

Tao -08 (Meng Tao, Inorganic Photovoltaic Solar Cells: Silicon and Beyond, Winter 2008, The Electrochemical Society Interface, https://www.electrochem.org/dl/interface/wtr/wtr08/wtr08_p30-35.pdf)
The lack of a "perfect" semiconductor or semiconductors for terrestrial solar cells has
AND
. This underlines both the challenges and opportunities for future generations of researchers.

System inertia prevents shift to solar power.

Fuchs and Arentsen -02 (Doris A. Fuchs a, *, Maarten J. Arentsen b a Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Faculty of International Relations, Oettingenstr, Green electricity in the market place: the policy challenge, Energy Policy 30 (2002) 525–538, http://ac.els-cdn.com/S0301421501001203/1-s2.0-S0301421501001203-main.pdf?_tid=3524fd97cfe563df4b179d42552a5d56%26acdnat=1345504771_5cbb219d21f7f7f997f738542a489478)
To push renewables as alternatives for current matured generation capacity furthermore tends to neglect the
AND
a renewable base with high quality demands of the central station electricity system.

Waste from photovoltaic production is toxic and poses severe environmental hazards

Cha -08 (Ariana Eunjung Cha.Washington Post Foreign Service.  "Solar energy firms leave waste behind in china." Washington Post.  Sunday, March 9, 2008; A01.  Lexis)
This ritual has been going on almost every day for nine months, Li and other villagers said.
In China, a country buckling with the breakneck pace of its industrial growth,
AND
, a professor at the School of Material Sciences at Hebei Industrial University. 

Solar power plants require large amount of lands which will harm wildlife protection.

Brower -92 (Michael Brower, adapted from  Environmental Impacts of Renewable Energy Technologies,  Cool Energy: Renewable Solutions to Environmental Problems, 1992, pg. 220)
The large amount of land required for utility-scale solar power plants-approximately
AND
require cooling water, which may be costly or scarce in desert areas.

Toxic chemicals used in PV systems create environmental problems

Pimentel et. al 94 (David Pimentel, G. Rodrigues, T. Wang, R. Abrams, K. Goldberg, H. Staecker, E. Ma, L. Brueckner, L. Trovato, C. Chow, U. Govindarajulu, and S. Boerke, professor of ecology and agricultural science at Cornell University,  Renewable Energy: Economic and Environmental Issues, BioScience, Vol. 44, No. 8 (Sep., 1994), pp. 536-547)

The major environmental prob- lem associated with photovoltaic systems is the use of toxic
AND
makes the cells less expensive and environmentally safer than the heavy metal cells.

Environmental impacts of solar energy include release of toxic chemicals, fires, microclimate alteration, and shifts in plant and animal populations.

Pimentel et. al 94 (David Pimentel, G. Rodrigues, T. Wang, R. Abrams, K. Goldberg, H. Staecker, E. Ma, L. Brueckner, L. Trovato, C. Chow, U. Govindarajulu, and S. Boerke, professor of ecology and agricultural science at Cornell University,  Renewable Energy: Economic and Environmental Issues, BioScience, Vol. 44, No. 8 (Sep., 1994), pp. 536-547)
The potential environmental im- pacts of solar thermal receivers in- clude: the
AND
1100 ha is af- fected by a plant producing 1 billion kWh.

Tournament: NDT | Round: 1 | Opponent: GA CG | Judge: Nikolic, Ozzy, Najor
CIR Will pass and PC key
CT Post 3-28 (“Immigration reform gaining support in Congress”, http://www.ctpost.com/local/article/Immigration-reform-gaining-support-in-Congress-4393187.php)
WASHINGTON -- A Republican Party … to pass a reform bill.

The plan causes bipartisan opposition – perceived as massive deficit spending and undermining the EPA
Weiss 10 (Daniel J., September 17th, Senior Fellow and the Director of Climate Strategy at American Progress, “Efforts to Save Coal Could End Up Destroying It”, http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2010/09/coal_senators.html/) CC
Some senators from coal …experts to do so.

Immigration reform expands skilled labor --- spurs relations and economic growth in China and India
Los Angeles Times, 11/9/2012 (Other countries eagerly await U.S. immigration reform, p. http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/world_now/2012/11/us-immigration-reform-eagerly-awaited-by-source-countries.html)
"Comprehensive immigration reform will … as a bigger plus than not," he said.

US-India relations solves South Asian nuclear war.
Schaffer, Spring 2002 (Teresita – Director of the South Asia Program at the Center for Strategic and International Security, Washington Quarterly, p. Lexis)
Washington's increased … with the United States.

Tournament: NDT | Round: 1 | Opponent: GA CG | Judge: Nikolic, Ozzy, Najor
The United States federal government should conduct a binding regulatory negotiation over the substance, implementation and enforcement of increasing contracts for coal to liquid fuels in the Department of Defense
The CP accelerates energy development and overcomes bureaucratic issues
Lemaire Professor at University College London Energy Institute ’12 (Xavier, “SERN,” http://www.reeep.org/830/sern.htm, Mike)
The Sustainable Energy Regulation Network (SERN) … with energy efficiency experts.
The aff gets watered down by lack of unified energy policy, resistance from fossil fuel industries, and citizen opposition – the CP is key to avoid politics
Nolon Director of Land Use Law Center at Pace University Law School ’11 (Sean, “Negotiating the Wind: A Framework to Engage Citizens in Siting Wind Turbines,” Cardozo Journal of Conflict Resolution Vol. 12 no. 2, accessible online via http://cojcr.org/vol12no2/327-372.pdf, Mike)
The need for more renewable … siting negotiations at the local level.

Tournament: NDT | Round: 1 | Opponent: GA CG | Judge: Nikolic, Ozzy, Najor
Clean coal co-opts renewable rhetoric give to itself an illusion of environmental safety
Pond ’13 (Kate, writer for The Carbon Brief.  “What makes clean coal 'clean': A rhetorical look” http://www.carbonbrief.org/blog/2013/03/the-rhetoric-of-clean-energy)
What does clean coal mean? … must be exposed

The financialization of life and extensions of neoliberal policy creates a death drive – the spectre of authoritarianism driven by our plutocracy culminates in the extermination of undesirable populations
Giroux 12 – Global TV Network Chair Professorship at McMaster University
(Henry, The end of American Democracy? October 4, 2012. http://philoforchange.wordpress.com/2012/10/04/the-end-of-american-democracy/)
Neoliberal Ideology and the … abridged and violated.
The alternative is critical to reclaim public spaces foreclosed by neoliberalism – we need a collective politics inspired by critical pedagogy to actualize a democracy stripped of corporate interests – this is crucial to sustaining hope in the face of disposability
Giroux 12 – Global TV Network Chair Professorship at McMaster University
(Henry, The end of American Democracy? October 4, 2012. http://philoforchange.wordpress.com/2012/10/04/the-end-of-american-democracy/)
The Role of Critical Education¶ … the light goes out.

Tournament: NDT | Round: 1 | Opponent: GA CG | Judge: Nikolic, Ozzy, Najor
Manufacturing not key
Porter 12 (Eduardo, NY Times "The Promise Of Today's Factory Jobs," New York Times, April 3, 2012, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/04/04/business/economy/the-promise-of-todays-factory-jobs.html?pagewanted=alland_r=0)
More important, perhaps, … jobs of the rest of us.
The US isn’t key to the global economy
Merrill Lynch 6 Major US Financial Firm. “US Downturn Won’t Derail World Economy” www.ml.com 9/18/6
A sharp slowdown in … is set to decouple.

1. 1. Decline doesn’t cause war
      Barnett 9, senior managing director of Enterra Solutions LLC, contributing editor/online columnist for Esquire, 8/25,
      (Thomas P.M, “The New Rules: Security Remains Stable Amid Financial Crisis,” Aprodex, Asset Protection Index, http://www.aprodex.com/the-new-rules~-~-security-remains-stable-amid-financial-crisis-398-bl.aspx)
      When the global … hasn't led us to anything
      12. The economy is resilient
      Zakaria 9 (Fareed Zakaria, Editor of Newsweek International, 12-21-2009, “The Secrets of Stability,” Newsweek, http://www.newsweek.com/id/226425)
      Others predicted that … dependent on it  
      13. Royal’s wrong
      Boehmer 7 – political science professor at the University of Texas (Charles, Politics and Policy, 35:4, “The Effects of Economic Crisis, Domestic Discord, and State Efficacy on the Decision to Initiate Interstate Conflict”, WEA)
      This article examines the … occurring in the same year.3
      14. The fear of economic insecurity is created by a culture of uncertainty—their scenarios for economic collapse are constructed from a discourse of danger
      de Goede 3 (Marieke, Senior Lecturer Dept European Studies @ U of Amsterdam, “Beyond economism in international political economy,” Cambridge U Press, Review of International Studies, 29 : 79-97)
      While modern risk … with financial crises.

Tournament: NDT | Round: 1 | Opponent: GA CG | Judge: Nikolic, Ozzy, Najor
Crude prices sharply down
MARKET WATCH 2/22: Crude prices fall to lowest level this year for front-month contract
HOUSTON, Feb. 22
02/22/2013
Crude prices … of 1.8 million bbl loss (OGJ Online, Feb. 21, 2013).
Prices – there down – a lot – not reflected at pumps yet
Boston Globe 2/22  Oil prices down sharply for a 2nd day http://bostonglobe.com/business/2013/02/22/oil-prices-down-sharply-for-day/qO7zvYLW1xfhZNIyKXZ58J/story.html
Oil prices plunged … risen for 34 days.

1. New weapon systems level the playing field
   Goon and Kopp 10 -- *Graduate of the US Naval Test Pilot School and First Class Honours from the University of Western Australia, Ph.D., M.A. from Monash University, Senior Member of the  American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Member of the Institution of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (*Peter and Carlo, "A Perspective on the Quadrennial Defense Review", Air Power Australia, February 10th 2010, June 1st 2010, http://www.ausairpower.net/APA-NOTAM-100210-1.html)
   In the air combat domain, … simply be unusable. 

2. US airpower will be used against civilian targets because it’s not effective militarily – this will increase the risk of protracted conflicts
Crane 1 (Conrad, Director of the U. S. Army Military History Institute at Carlisle Barracks, and fellow at the Strategic Studies Institute, The National Interest, Fall, lexis)
The 2001 Quadrennial Defense …when the campaign started.
3. Airpower doesn't deter – only ground forces are perceived
Allan 94 (Charles, Air Force National Defense Fellow at the CSIS,"Extended Conventional Deterrence: In from the Cold and Out of the Nuclear Fire?" Washington Quarterly, Summer, 1994)
Information. As we have … deterrence cannot hold.
. Heg solves nothing—Past two decades prove
Mearsheimer 11 (John J., R. Wendell Harrison Distinguished Service Professor of Political Science at the University of Chicago, The National Interest, Imperial by Design, lexis)
One year later, Charles … a pronounced pessimism.
7. Heg decline doesn’t trigger war
Buzan 11 (Barry, London School of Economics, Department of International Relations, "A World Order Without Superpowers: Decentred Globalism")
In 2004 I argued, in line … 1930s-style imperial competition.
8. The drive to hegemony makes decline inevitable
Lifton 3 Robert Jay, Visiting professor of psychiatry at Harvard Medical School, Superpower Syndrome: America’s Apocalyptic Confrontation With The World p. 191-192
What we call the … management of that decline.
China is incapable of going to war – 3 reasons
Badeaux 9 (Christopher, “The Failure of the Multipolar World,” The New Ledger, The Atlantic, Badeaux was admitted to the Georgia Bar, the Bar of the Georgia Court of Appeals, the Georgia Supreme Court, the Bar for the United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia, the Bar of the Eleventh Circuit Court of Appeals, and The Florida Bar (which includes all trial and appellate courts), and has been an attorney for several powerful firms in the Atlanta area, http://newledger.com/2009/03/the-failure-of-the-multipolar-world/, March 24)
While China is haltingly … to counterbalance China.
12. Chinese threat construction assumes a knowable and essentially violent Chinese Other—this Western lens makes militarization and conflict inevitable
Pan 4, IR @ Australian National University, 04
Chengxin, "The 'China Threat' in American Self-Imagination: The Discursive Construction of Other as Power Politics," Alternatives: Global, Local, Political, vol. 29, no. 3 (2004)”
Having examined how the … of post-Deng China,"
No North Korean escalation
Koehl 9 (Defense analyst of twenty-four years, Research Fellow at the Johns Hopkins School of Advanced International Studies, Center for Transatlantic Relations, former Senior Analyst at ARDAK Corporation, former Director of Research, IPAC/The Columbus Group, former Senior Associate at  JHF, co-authored US Army Field Manual FM 100-17-3,  Stuart, “Endgame in Korea?; Lacking the military wherewithal to defeat the South, Kim's regime is simply trying to extend its miserable existence through extortion”, The Weekly Standard, L/N, REQ)
What then of North … pieces in the proper
10. Moralizing stances of North Korea makes the conflict inevitable
Datta 4 Monti Narayan, Fellow at the Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation, “U.S. Policy Toward a Nuclear North Korea”, Bad Subjects # 67
As mentioned earlier, President … via nuclear weapons.
No South Korean escalation
Feigenbaum 10 – Council on Foreign Relations Evan, Korean conflict: Could it escalate? December 8th, http://www.eastasiaforum.org/2010/12/08/korean-conflict-could-it-escalate/
Just over a week into the … escalation by Pyongyang.
Emissions limits increase demand for chemical industry products – offsets losses
CAMPOY 9. ANA, journalist, “Chemical makers poised to gain in new cap and trade system” Wall Street Journal – Jun 5
With legislation pending … Council, an industry trade group.  

Clean coal production/use causes massive pollution
Chameides 2009 (Bill Chameides, Nicholas Professor of the Environment Earth and Ocean Sciences at Duke, February 2, 2009, “Clean Coal’s Dirty Secret - When 'Clean' Isn't Clean,” http://www.nicholas.duke.edu/thegreengrok/morecoalwaste/)
Coal is the dirtiest fossil fuel. … such as mercury, which
Extinction
Driesen 2003 (David Driesen, Associate Professor at Syracuse University Law, 10 Buffalo Environmental Law Journal, Fall/Spring, Lexis)
Air pollution can make life … of these concerns. 5

Tournament: NDT | Round: 1 | Opponent: GA CG | Judge: Nikolic, Ozzy, Najor
We must rethink the ideologies that inform neoliberalism before acting
Giroux 05 (Henry, Global TV Network Chair in English and Cultural Studies at McMaster University, “The Terror of Neoliberalism”, College Literature, 2005)PM

Neoliberalism has to be … global social movements.  

Clean coal aint so clean
Biggers 12
Posted by Jeff Biggers at 6:48 pm
October 17, 2012  5 COMMENTS
Clean Coal Is A Hoax, …: Stop using the "clean coal" slogan.

Neoliberalism propagates powerful corporations that exploit both laws and the environment – creates scientific consensus manipulated by the market
Nixon 9 (Rob, Professor of English at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. “Neoliberalism, Slow Violence, and the Environmental Picaresque” MFS Modern Fiction Studies, Volume 55, Number 3, Fall 2009, muse)
The power of Animal's … the media responses.
The ecology of fear promoted by the 1AC justifies and recreates itself in anxieties that reinforce the neoliberal order responsible for environmental destruction
Swyngedouw 10 (Erik, Professor of Geography at the University of Manchester. “Apocalypse Forever? Post-political Populism and the Spectre of Climate” Theory Culture Society 2010 27: 213. Muse)
The Desire for the … without sender and¶

The combination of security concerns with energy policy universalizes security to touch ALL aspects of life – turns the most minor forms of violence into total war while simultaneously making war banal and tolerable via a disengaged and fragmented method of communicating risk
Ciuta 10 (Felix, PhD in International Relations from Manchester University, Senior Lecturer in International Relations, University College of London, “Conceptual Notes on Energy Security: Total or Banal Security,” Security Dialogue 2010 41: 123, sage)
To reiterate, the issue … other than energy.

The frame of decision-making on energy excludes the perspective of the poor, destroying the environment to generate green energy
Teelucksingh and Poland 11 (Cheryl and Blake, Int J Environ Res Public Health. “Energy Solutions, Neo-Liberalism, and Social Diversity in Toronto, Canada” 2011 January; 8(1): 185–202. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3037069/)
Energy concerns—and the steps … energy policy in Toronto.

The impact is the reduction of the developing world to a commodity for our national security
Giroux 06 (Henry, Global TV Network Chair in English and Cultural Studies at McMaster University, “The Emerging Authoritarianism in the United States: Political Culture Under the Bush/Cheney Administration”, Symploke, 2006)PM
It is virtually impossible … control economic forces. (2003, 38)

They say no prior questions – but Owen votes neg – interrogating method is a prior question
Owen 2 David, Reader in Political Theory at the University of Southampton “Reorienting International Relations: On Pragmatism, Pluralism and Practical Reasoning”, Millennium: Journal of International Studies, Vol. 31, No. 3
The first dimension … too readily bewitched. 

– politics is already ceded to the right – alternative is key
Butler and Stevens 06 Rex Butler and Scott Stephens, Lecturers at U of Queensland, “Play Fuckin Loud: Zizek vs. the Left,” The Symptom, Issue 7, Spring 2006 (http://www.lacan.com/symptom7_articles/butler.html)
Here, we might say, … differences), neo-liberalism

Focus on utilitarian calculus without an understanding of the underlying role of desire replicates the case harms
Gaete 2K Rolando Gaete, “ARTICLE: Law and The Sacred: Desecration, Law and Evil,” Law/Text/Culture, 2000, p. lexis
This is the terror that Burke wrote about… as the repressed" (La Capra 1992: 126).

The neoliberal order will ultimately collapse, ensuring a devastated global economy, famine, massive poverty, and a rise in terrorism and fundamental nationalism throughout the globe
Shiva in 3 (Vandana, ZNet Daily Commentaries, Globalisation and Its Fallout, April 2, http://www.zmag.org/sustainers/content/2003-04/02shiva.cfm)
Globalization was … agenda of "cultural nationalism".
NEOLIBERALISM ONLY PERPETUATES VIOLENCE AGAINST OTHERS BECAUSE IT RELEGATES HUMANS AS COMMODITIES TO BE TRADED.  THIS DESTROYS THE VALUE OF CULTURE AND JUSTIFIES ETHNIC CLEANSING
Shiva in 2k3 (Vandana, physicist, ecologist, activist, editor, and author of many books, ZNet Daily Commentaries, Globalisation and Its Fallout, April 2, http://www.zmag.org/sustainers/content/2003-04/02shiva.cfm)

The first is the market … trafficking in women.
1NR
FW
They isolate policy from politics, —condensing advocacy to a 4 second plan means you can’t assess who debated better—plan focus trains you not to defend the process by which you make conclusions, which turns their offense
Gunder et al, Aukland University senior planning lecturer, 2009
(Michael, Planning in Ten Words or Less: A Lacanian Entanglement with Spatial Planning pgs 111-2)

The hegemonic network, … a zero-sum game¶ (Blair and Kumar 1997).
Perm
Doesn’t test competition, even if it’s compatible in the abstract—here’s an advocate for rejection
Glover et al 2006 – *Policy Fellow at the Center for Energy and Environmental Policy, University of Delaware, Directs the Urban Studies and Wheaton in Chicago programs, selected to the Chicago Council on Global Affairs Emerging Leaders Program for 2011-2013, *2007 Nobel Peace Prize winner, Distinguished Professor of Energy and Climate Policy at the University of Delaware, Head of the Center for Energy and Environmental Policy (Leigh Glover, Noah Toly, John Byrne, “Energy as a Social Project: Recovering a Discourse”, in “Transforming Power: Energy, Environment, and Society in Conflict”, p. 1-32, http://www.ceep.udel.edu/energy/publications/2006_es_energy_as_a_social_project.pdf, WEA)
When measured in social and …into energy-society relations awaits.

1ac was NRC aff on wiki
1nc was t-energy production, neoliberalism, QTR CP, obama good-russia, warming da, case
2nr was t

1ac was SMR on military bases on wiki
1nc was neoliberalism, terrorism da, qtr cp, obama good- russia, case
2nr was terrorism da and case

1ac was heidegger
1nc was framework and case
2nr was framework and case

1AC - TERA
1NC - T-In the US, QTR, CIR, Neolib
2NR - T

1AC - SMRs with Prolif and Warming
1NC - T-Restriction, QTR, CIR, Neolib, Prolif Good, Warming Turns
2NR - K

1AC - PRISM w/ Prolif/Warming
1NC - QTR, CIR, Neolib, Prolif Good, Warming Turns
2NR - Prolif Good and Warming Turns

Rd 2 vs ASU CY (Reprocessing)
2NR: Neolib

Rd 3 vs Chico LP (PRISM)
2NR: CIR Good (Biotech), Case

Rd 6 vs Cal Poly CK (TERA)
2NR: Nuclear PIC w/ Colonialism NB

Rd 7 vs USC PS (Decentralized Solar)
2NR: Ecosophy

1AC - Zapatistas
1NC - Framework, Anti-Politics, Counter Culture Bad and Cap Good on case
2NR - Framework and Case

1AC - Nuclear Loan Guarantees on Wiki
1NC - ASPEC, QTR CP, CIR DA, Neolib, Prolif Good, Case
2NR - Neolib

1AC - CCS
Manufacturing
Air Power

1NC
A Spec
CIR
Neolib K
Reg Neg CP
Case

2NC/1NR
Neolib
Case

2NR
Neolib