| 01/16/2013 | Tournament: Kentucky | Round: All | Opponent: | Judge:
Plan
The United States federal government should provide a tax credit for enhanced oil recovery that uses industrial carbon dioxide in the United States.
Warming Adv
Advantage 1 – Warming
Its real and anthropogenic
Archer and Rahmstorf, 10—*a professor of Geophysical sciences at the University of Chicago, has published over 70 scientific papers on a wide range of topics on the carbon cycle and its relation to global warming professor of Physics of the oceans, and head of the department at the Postdam Institute for Climate Impact Research (David and Stefan, The Climate Crisis: An Introductory Guide to Climate Change, Cambridge University Press, Page 66)
So what are the results? Those studies analyzing global temperature … climate in a profound way.
The credit stimulates a carbon market – results in carbon capture and storage
Claussen 12 – President of the Center for Climate and Energy Solutions Eileen Claussen (Former Director of the Office of Atmospheric Programs @ EPA %26 Former Assistant Secretary of State for Oceans and International Environmental and Scientific Affairs), "Speech: Utilizing CCS to Reduce Emissions," Keynote speech at the 11th Annual Conference on Carbon Capture, Utilization and Sequestration, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, May 1, 2012, pg. http://www.c2es.org/press-center/speech/claussen-carbon-capture-sequestration-http://www.c2es.org/press-center/speech/claussen-carbon-capture-sequestration~~
And I also want to discuss one of the most promising technologies … to visit the website, www.neori.org, for more on the recommendations we have made.
Only CCS can mitigate extreme warming
Der 10 - Principal Deputy Assistant Secretary for Fossil Energy @ U.S. Department of Energy Dr. Victor K. Der (Former Director of the Office of Clean Energy Systems where he directed large-scale demonstration programs, including the Clean Coal Technology Demonstration program, the Power Plant Improvement Initiative, the Clean Coal Power Initiative, and FutureGen, a program for near-zero coal emissions. PhD in Mechanical Engineering from University of Maryland), "ARTICLE: CARBON CAPTURE AND STORAGE: AN OPTION FOR HELPING TO MEET GROWING GLOBAL ENERGY DEMAND WHILE COUNTERING CLIMATE CHANGE," University of Richmond Law Review, March 2010, 44 U. Rich. L. Rev. 937
Top coal producing nations, including the United States, China, and India… international community recognizes it must address with alacrity. 1ac
AND, reducing CO2 key to prevent a tipping point
Hansen et al 10 – Director of NASA/Goddard Institute for Space Studies Dr. James Hansen, Dr. Makiko Sato (Physicist @ NASA/Goddard Institute for Space Studies), Dr. Pushker Kharecha (Researcher of earch sciences and astrobiology @ NASA/Goddard Institute for Space Studies), Dr. David Beerling (Professor of Animal and Plant Sciences @ University of Sheffield), Dr. Robert Berner (Professor Geology and Geophysics @ Yale University), Valerie Masson-Delmotte (Lab. Des Sciences du Climat et l’Environnement/Institut Pierre Simon Laplace, CEA-CNRS-Universite de Versailles Saint-Quentin en Yvelines), Dr. Mark Pagani (Professor of paleoceanography and paleoclimatology @ Yale University), Dr. Maureen Raymo (Paleoclimatologist/marine geologist @ Boston University), Dr. Dana L. Royer (Professor of Earth and Environmental Sciences @ Wesleyan University) %26 Dr. James C. Zachos ( Professor of Earth %26 Planetary Sciences @ University of California – Santa Cruzo) "Target atmospheric CO2: Where should humanity aim?" Open Atmos. Sci. J. (2008), vol. 2, pp. 217-231
Realization that today’s climate is far out of equilibrium … could be out of humanity’s control.
Three internal links—
First, establishing a market incentive solves
Moniz %26 Tinker 10 – Professor of Physics and Engineering Systems @ Massachusetts Institute of Technology %26 Director of the Bureau of Economic Geology @ University of Texas at Austin Ernest J. Moniz %26 Scott W. Tinker "Role of Enhanced Oil Recovery in Accelerating the Deployment of Carbon Capture and Sequestration," An MIT Energy Initiative and Bureau of Economic Geology at UT Austin Symposium, July 23, 2010
Wealth creation from expanded use of CO2 for EOR can serve as … and the rents associated with oil production are shared with upstream CO2 suppliers. Pg. 19-20 1ac
Second, our incentive results in negative emissions
Ricci %26 Selosse 11 – Lecturer of Environmental Economics @ Université d’Orléans %26 Researcher in the Centre for Applied Mathematics @ MINES ParisTech Dr. Olivia Ricci (PhD in Energy and Environmental Economics from Université d’Orléans, France) %26 Sandrine Selosse, "Global and regional potential for bioelectricity with carbon capture and storage," Les Cahiers de la Chaire Modélisation, Working Paper N° 2011-03
4. Discussion
This paper is devoted to discussing the global and regional potential of the CCS …processes and procedures have to be thought and determined in the design of future energy policies. Pg. 12-14 1ac
Three, we get china on board
Gardner, 11 (Timothy, December 11, 2011, "Using Oil to Reduce Carbon Emissions," http://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/12/business/global/12iht-green12.html?_r=1-http://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/12/business/global/12iht-green12.html?_r=1)
WASHINGTON — As futuristic projects designed to … framework to enable this technology."
Failure risks a planetary die-off – Geological history is on our side
Bushnell 10 - Chief scientist at the NASA Langley Research Center Dennis Bushnell (MS in mechanical engineering. He won the Lawrence A. Sperry Award, AIAA Fluid and Plasma Dynamics Award, the AIAA Dryden Lectureship, and is the recipient of many NASA Medals for outstanding Scientific Achievement and Leadership.) "Conquering Climate Change," The Futurist, May-June, 2010
During the Permian extinction, a number of chain reaction events….forecasts sound, they’re actually conservative. Pg. 7-8 1ac
AND, ocean acidification causes extinction
Romm 2-18-10 Dr. Joseph Romm is the editor of Climate Progress and a Senior Fellow at the American Progress, Acting Assistant Secretary of Energy for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy during the Clinton Administration, PhD in Physics from MIT, "Nature Geoscience study: Oceans are acidifying 10 times faster today than 55 million years ago when a mass extinction of marine species occurred" http://climateprogress.org/2010/02/18/ocean-acidification-study-mass-extinction-of-marine-life-nature-geoscience/~~%23more-19529-http://climateprogress.org/2010/02/18/ocean-acidification-study-mass-extinction-of-marine-life-nature-geoscience/~~
Marine life face some of the worst impacts…. we depend on that life — the time to start slashing carbon dioxide emissions is now.
Methane release kills all of humanity
Ferguson 12 Michael, "Global Warming: An Impending Catastrophe?," August, http://michaelfergusonforallevents.blogspot.com/2012/08/global-warming-impending-catastrophe.html-http://michaelfergusonforallevents.blogspot.com/2012/08/global-warming-impending-catastrophe.html~~
I came across a news report back in December that stopped me in my tracks.2 … report on Eastern Siberia is of grave concern.
Sea level rise causes extinction
Sato 8 Rebecca, Contributing Editor at DailyGalaxy.com, former Head Writer at Freedom FastTrack "Can Changes in Sea Level Cause Periods of Mass Extinction?—A Galaxy Exclusive-http://www.dailygalaxy.com/my_weblog/2008/06/changes-in-sea.html," 6-19, http://www.dailygalaxy.com/my_weblog/2008/06/changes-in-sea.html-http://www.dailygalaxy.com/my_weblog/2008/06/changes-in-sea.html~~
Recent research suggests that the size of the ocean itself …to induce. We, as a society, are not."
Positive feedbacks predominate —- vapor, vegetation, and outgassing amplify warming
Hansen in ’8
(James, Director @ NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies and Adjunct Prof. Earth and Env. Sci. @ Columbia U. Earth Institute, "Tipping Point: Perspective of a Climatologist", http://pubs.giss.nasa.gov/docs/2008/2008_Hansen_1.pdf-http://pubs.giss.nasa.gov/docs/2008/2008_Hansen_1.pdf)
Earth is heated by sunlight and, in balance, reaches a … forcings, such as slight changes in the tilt of Earth’s axis.2
Oil Adv
Advantage 2 is China
Lack of cooperation on oil production is fueling a strategic rivalry between China and the US is every region of the world
Herberg 11 - Senior Lecturer of International Relations and Pacific Studies @ University of California–San Diego Dr. Mikkal E. Herberg (Research Director on Asian energy security at the National Bureau of Asian Research), "China’s Energy Rise and the Future of U.S.-China Energy Relations," New America Foundation, June 21, 2011 |pg. http://newamerica.net/publications/policy/china_s_energy_rise_and_the_future_of_us_china_energy_relations~~
Competing Visions of Energy Security
On the vexing challenge of energy security there remains a major … same time aggravating energy security fears and distrust of key nearby powers. 1ac
Three internal links—
First, tech swaps provide sufficient backing for US incentives
Thompson 12 – Director of the Coal Transition Project @ Clean Air Task Force John Thompson (BS degree in chemical engineering from the University of Illinois %26 MBA from Washington University), "A recipe to jumpstart CCS in the US – the rewards of collaborating with China," Interviewed by: Adam Aston | Global CCS Institute, January 11, 2012, pg. http://www.adamaston.com/?p=781-http://www.adamaston.com/?p=781~~ To spur EOR, how can we bring down carbon capture costs?
There’s where we think China comes in. China has very low‑….CCS technology with little or no subsidies, and no price on carbon.
Second, EOR lays a fundamental framework for other energy policies
Logan et al. 07 – Senior associate @ World Resources Institute Logan, Joanna Lewis (Senior international fellow at the Pew Center on Global Climate Change), and Michael B. Cummings (JD candidate @ Georgetown University and former Business/Solutions Fellow @ Pew Center on Global Climate Change), "For China, the shift to climate-friendly energy depends on international collaboration," Boston Review, January/February 2007, pg. http://bostonreview.net/BR32.1/loganlewiscummings.php~~
All these factors combined call into question the Chinese central … that might otherwise have to wait for a more comprehensive climate policy. 1ac
Third, the plan is a key confidence building measure
Zha %26 Hu 07 – Professor of International Studies @ Renmin University %26 Professor of Politics @ University of Hong Kong Zha Daojiong %26 Hu Weixing, "Promoting Energy Partnership in Beijing and Washington," Washington Quarterly • 30:4 Autumn 2007, pp.105–115
Policy dialogues are certainly useful. Yet, as is true of ….cooperation in the spirit of partnership can help improve the status quo. Pg. 112-115
Scenario 1 is oil nationalism:
Oil insecurity is fueling a naval arms race in the South China Sea
Glaser, 12— a senior fellow with the Freeman Chair in China Studies and a senior associate with the Pacific Forum, Center for Strategic and International Studies (Bonnie, Armed Clash in the South China Sea, April 2012, http://www.cfr.org/east-asia/armed-clash-south-china-sea/p27883)-http://www.cfr.org/east-asia/armed-clash-south-china-sea/p27883)
The risk of conflict in the South China Sea … of this agreement remains to be seen, but for now tensions appear to be defused.
The situation will spiral out of control
Fisher 11 – Associate editor at The Atlantic, where he edits the International channel Max Fisher, "5 Most Likely Ways the U.S. and China Could Spark Accidental Nuclear War," The Atlantic, Oct 31 2011, 1:49 PM ET, pg. http://tinyurl.com/6nh9yjm~~
Neither the U.S. nor China has any interest in any kind of war with one … deal on what kind of groundwork the U.S. and China can lay now.
Extinction
Wittner 11 - Professor of History @ State University of New York-Albany. Lawrence S. Wittner, "Is a Nuclear War with China Possible?," Huntington News, Monday, November 28, 2011 - 18:37 pg. http://www.huntingtonnews.net/14446~~
While nuclear weapons exist, there remains a danger that they will be used. … the world, they should be working to encourage these policies.
India and China risk war
Pant, 12—teaches at King’s College London in the Department of Defence Studies and is an Associate with the King’s Centre of Science and Security Studies. Recently, he has been a Visiting Professor at the Indian Institute of Management, Bangalore. His research is focused on Asia-Pacific security issues (Harsh V., South China Sea: New Arena of Sino-Indian Rivalry , August 2nd, 2012, http://yaleglobal.yale.edu/content/south-china-sea-new-arena-sino-indian-rivalry-http://yaleglobal.yale.edu/content/south-china-sea-new-arena-sino-indian-rivalry)
LONDON: While the world focuses on the rising tension … realistically with appropriate resources and capabilities.
Nuclear escalation
Caryl 10 Christian, Senior Fellow at the Legatum Institute and the editor of Foreign Policy’s Democracy Lab website, "Don’t Even Think About It," 7-13, http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2010/07/13/dont_even_think_about_it?page=0,1-http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2010/07/13/dont_even_think_about_it?page=0,1
China and India have built up a %2460-billion-per-year trading ….tensions can spiral out of control." You can say that again.
Oil fuels conflict over the senkaku islands
Ramzy, 12 (Austin, Beijing correspondent for TIME. "Tensions with Japan Increase as China Sends Patrol Boats to Disputed Islands." TIME, September 14, 2012. http://world.time.com/2012/09/14/tensions-with-japan-increase-as-china-sends-patrol-boats-to-disputed-islands/-http://world.time.com/2012/09/14/tensions-with-japan-increase-as-china-sends-patrol-boats-to-disputed-islands/.)
The standoff between China and Japan over a group of …. fishing boat captain, triggered broad protest in China, and it likely will again this year.
Nuclear war
Tatlow 9/14/12 (Didi Kirsten, China columnist for the International Herald Tribune. "Rising Tension — and Stakes — in Japan-China Island Dispute." The New York Times, September 14, 2012. http://rendezvous.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/09/14/rising-tension-and-stakes-in-japan-china-island-dispute/-http://rendezvous.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/09/14/rising-tension-and-stakes-in-japan-china-island-dispute/.)
BEIJING - It has all the ingredients of a future tragedy, …. deputy minister of commerce, Jiang Zengwei, said on Thursday that economic and trade ties could be affected by the dispute, Reuters reported.
Scenario 2 is regionalism
Perceived oil domineering undermines peaceful Chinese energy diplomacy
Oil cooperation is key to institution building and regionalism
Jianxing, ’6 Dr. Zhang Jianxin Associate Professor, Institute of International and Public Affairs Shanghai Jiaotong University. "Oil Security Reshapes China’s Foreign Policy". Center on China’s Transnational Relations, Working Paper No. 9. http://www.cctr.ust.hk/materials/working_papers/WorkingPaper9.pdf~~
5）Participate and improve international institutions. Keep …. in contemporary East Asian regionalism share much in common.
Key to solve transnational security threats and nuclear war
Swanstrom 5 Niklas, *Program Director of the Central Asia-Caucasus Institute and Silk Road Studies Program. He is also editor for the China-Eurasia Forum Quarterly. He holds a Ph.D. and a Licentiate degree from Uppsala University and a MALD degree from the Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University, USA. Dr. Swanström’s specialization is conflict management, security issues, and negotiations in Central and Northeast Asia, as well as Chinese foreign policy, "CONFLICT PREVENTION AND CONFLICT MANAGEMENT IN NORTHEAST ASIA", 2005, http://www.isdp.eu/images/stories/isdp-main-pdf/2005_swanstrom-ed_book_conflict-prevention-and-conflict-management.pdf-http://www.isdp.eu/images/stories/isdp-main-pdf/2005_swanstrom-ed_book_conflict-prevention-and-conflict-management.pdf~~
After the end of the Cold War, states, regional and international ….e level), but more research is needed on this issue before any conclusions can be drawn.
Every impact – including democracy, Korean war, disease, terrorism, and the environment
Frost, ’8 Dr. Ellen L Frost is a visiting fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics and an adjunct research fellow at the National Defense University’s Institute of National Strategic Studies. "Asia’s New Regionalism". https://www.rienner.com/uploads/47e2d7961e70a.pdf-https://www.rienner.com/uploads/47e2d7961e70a.pdf~~
Fifth, a new power—China—is arising in Asia, altering the … prosperous, just, and stable world order?
Democracy solves extinction
Diamond 95—Director at The Center on Democracy, Development, and the Rule of Law @ Stanford and Senior Fellow @ The Hoover Institution Larry, "Promoting Democracy in the 1990s," http://carnegie.org/fileadmin/Media/Publications/PDF/Promoting%20Democracy%20in%20the%201990s%20Actors%20and%20Instruments,%20Issues%20and%20Imperatives.pdf
This hardly exhausts the lists of threats to our security and …international security and prosperity can be built.
Korea war goes global and nuclear
STRATFOR 10 (5/26/10, "North Korea, South Korea: The Military Balance on the Peninsula," http://www.stratfor.com/analysis/20100526_north_korea_south_korea_military_balance_peninsula-http://www.stratfor.com/analysis/20100526_north_korea_south_korea_military_balance_peninsula, JMP)
So the real issue is the potential for escalation — or an accident that … might be if the situation escalates much further.
Pandemics cause extinction
Steinbruner 98 - Senior Fellow at Brookings Institution John D., "Biological weapons: A plague upon all houses," Foreign Policy, Dec 22,A
It s a considerable comfort and undoubtedly a key to our … health, but a fundamental security problem for the species as a whole.
Nuclear terror causes extinction
Toon et al 7 – Owen B. Toon, chair of the Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences at CU-Boulder, et al., April 19, 2007, "Atmospheric effects and societal consequences of regional scale nuclear conflicts and acts of individual nuclear terrorism," online: http://climate.envsci.rutgers.edu/pdf/acp-7-1973-2007.pdf-http://climate.envsci.rutgers.edu/pdf/acp-7-1973-2007.pdf
To an increasing extent, people are congregating in the world’s … carried out as well for the present scenarios and physical outcomes.
Asian biodiversity loss causes extinction
Philippine Star, 2008 Citing Rodrigo Fuentes, director of The Asean Center for Biodiversity, 4/21/2008. "Biodiversity in region endangered," BBC Monitoring Asia Pacific – Political, http://www.philstar.com/Article.aspx?articleId=57404~~
He even warned that biodiversity in the region could …arge-scale mining, and agricultural expansion
Solvency
Contention 3 is solvency
Linking CO2 capture with oil production spurs a carbon market that meets unmet demand
Rahim, 12 (Saqib, ENERGY POLICY: Could oil recovery create a market for carbon capture?" September 24th, 2012, http://www.eenews.net/public/energywire/2012/09/24/1-http://www.eenews.net/public/energywire/2012/09/24/1)
As the thinking goes, EOR could provide a huge new … something going on in the middle there. It’s not clear to me what that is."
Current efforts for EOR are not good enough because of scope and source—CO2 EOR is critical
Rahim, 12 (Saqib, ENERGY POLICY: Could oil recovery create a market for carbon capture?" September 24th, 2012, http://www.eenews.net/public/energywire/2012/09/24/1-http://www.eenews.net/public/energywire/2012/09/24/1)
A key carbon-cutting technology may have met its savior: … the price of CO2 isn’t too steep," Melzer said. |
| 01/16/2013 | Tournament: CSUF | Round: 1 and 3 | Opponent: | Judge:
Adv – Sustainability
ADVANTAGE two: Sustainability
Wind power paves the way for it – Central Appalachia will be the model for the transition
Haltom 10 - Co-director of Coal River Muntain Watch Vernon Haltom, "Can a Wind Farm Transform Appalachia’s Energy Future?," Solutions Journal, Volume 1 | Issue 4 | Page 71-77 | Jul 2010, pg. http://tinyurl.com/9e3fyr8
The communities of the Coal River Valley suffered a …donation, and turn off that light in order to remain standing.
Appalachia is key to a global transition
Flaccavento 10 - Founder of Appalachian Sustainable Development (ASD) and SCxALE, Inc Anthony Flaccavento-http://www.thesolutionsjournal.com/user/4896, "The Transition of Appalachia," Solutions Journal, Volume 1 | Issue 4 | Page 34-44 | Aug 2010, pg. http://tinyurl.com/39kwh4h
Thirdly, the approach of the "environmental movement", …to exemplify sustainable development, it will be difficult to ignore.
Global collapse and extinction coming – We must establish a model for sustainability.
Gowdy 07 - Professor of Economics @ Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute John Gowdy, "Avoiding Self-Organized Extinction: Toward a Co-Evolutionary Economics of Sustainability," Red Orbit, April 26, 2007, pg. http://tinyurl.com/apnknbt
A current line of research addressing the question of sustainability is analyzing in … resource bottleneck of the current century.
There are multiple scenarios for our demise
Shahan 09 – Director/editor @ CleanTechnica-http://cleantechnica.com/ and Planetsave-http://planetsave.com/ Zachary Shahan-http://ecolocalizer.com/author/zshahan/, "Global Collapse, Human Survival %26 the Planet’s Boundaries, Eco Localizer, September 24, 2009, pg. http://ecolocalizer.com/2009/09/24/global-collapse-human-survival-the-planets-boundaries/ Global Environmental Collapse
Scientists from the US, Europe, and Australia identified … our systems to produce what we take. Otherwise, the planet has its limits.
*9 Tresholds are (1) climate change, (2) ozone, (3) land use change, (4) freshwater use, (5) biodiversity, (6) ocean acidification, (7) nitrogen and phosphorus inputs, (8) aerosol loading and (9) chemical pollution
Mountain top coal mining causes extinction
Biggers 09 - Co-founder of the Coal Free Future Project-http://coalfreefutureproject.org/. Jeff Biggers, "Declaration of Clean Energy Independence: We Need a Road Map to a Coal Free Future-http://www.huffingtonpost.com/jeff-biggers/declaration-of-clean-ener_b_565669.html," Huffington Post, Posted: May 6, 2010 07:54 AM, pg. http://tinyurl.com/2bg2kp4
In the wake of the worst coal mining …time to imagine a coal-free future for the rest of the country.
Only wind solves – It provides a viable alternative to mountaintop removal and pave the way for sustainable development
Zeller 10 TOM ZELLER Jr.-http://topics.nytimes.com/topics/reference/timestopics/people/z/tom_jr_zeller/index.html?inline=nyt-per "A Battle in Mining Country Pits Coal Against Wind," New York Times, Published: August 14, 2010, pg. http://tinyurl.com/8ctubyz
Critics say the practice, known as "mountaintop removal mining…. "There would be no more utility-scale wind up there."
Adv – Politics
Advantage one: Politics
Wind incentives will short-circuit the Tea Party rebellion against Obama and empower progressives
Elk 09 - Union organizer and labor journalist who writes for Harper’s Magazine, the American Prospect, the Huffington Post and In These Times. He has appeared as a comme¬ntator on CNN, Fox News, and NPR. Mike Elk-http://www.ourfuture.org/users/new-4013, "Stop The Teabaggers, Give Them Green Jobs: Lessons From the Coalfields of West Virginia," Campaign for America’s Future, August 27, 2009 - 4:40pm ET, pg. http://tinyurl.com/mq62jx
West Virginia shows us how we could easily win over …are the lessons that West Virginia has to offer us.
A credible counterweight is key – The Tea Party is pulling the GOP to its ideological pole
Mann %26 Ornstein 12 - Chair and a senior fellow in Governance Studies @ Brookings Institution-http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brookings_Institution %26 political scientist and resident scholar @ American Enterprise Institute Thomas E. Mann-http://www.npr.org/books/authors/151524793/thomas-e-mann %26 Norman J. Ornstein-http://www.npr.org/books/authors/151524801/norman-j-ornstein, It’s Even Worse Than It Looks, pg. http://tinyurl.com/8ucplnz
Six years ago, we wrote The Broken Branch, which sharply criticized the Congress …is key to taking the right steps to overcome dysfunctional politics. The Tea Party mindset of ideological rigidity has infused Republican politics – its grip has tightened since the election
Kornacki 12/27 (Steve, senior political writer, has been published in several newspapers, including the NYT and WSJ. "Triumph of the Tea Party mindset." Salon, December 27, 2012. http://www.salon.com/2012/12/27/triumph_of_the_tea_party_mindset/-http://www.salon.com/2012/12/27/triumph_of_the_tea_party_mindset/.)
Two stories that might seem to contradict each other ran in the New …now rules the Republican Party.
Tea party influence erodes liberal internationalism, causes protectionism, and risks strikes on Iran
Mead 11 – Professor of Foreign Affairs and the Humanities @ Bard College Walter Russell Mead, "The Tea Party and American Foreign Policy: What Populism Means for Globalism," Foreign Affairs, March/April 2011Volume 9o • Number 2
Any increase in Jacksonian political strength makes a …visionary "win-win" global schemes. Pg. 42-43
Iran strikes break the nuclear taboo – cause extinction
Hirsch ’6 (Jorge, Prof. Physics @ UC San Diego, "America and Iran: At the Brink of the Abyss", 2-20, http://www.antiwar.com/orig/hirsch.php?articleid=8577-http://www.antiwar.com/orig/hirsch.php?articleid=8577)
The U.S. has just declared that it will defend Israel militarily against Iran if needed. Presumably …bomb explodes, the fall into the abyss can be averted by choices made by each and every one of us. We may never
Protectionism causes extinction
PANZNER 08 Faculty – New York Institute of Finance. Specializes in Global Capital Markets. MA Columbia Michael J. Panzner, Financial Armageddon: Protect Your Future from Economic Collapse, Revised and Updated Edition Paperback, p. 137-138
Continuing calls for curbs on the flow of finance and …between Muslims and Western societies as the beginnings of a new world war.
Progressives must be in control of foreign policy to promote an inclusive world order that integrates rising powers and fosters multilateral cooperation
Kupchan, ’12 - Charles Kupchan, Professor of International Affairs at Georgetown, Senior Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations "Grand Strategy: The Four Pillars of the Future". Democracy, Issue %2323, Winter 2012. http://tinyurl.com/ccd6y5n~~
Making Room for the Rising Rest
As emerging powers continue their ascent, dampening … that progressives fully understand.
Failure to satisfy rising powers causes nuclear war
Kugler 06 – Professor of world politics @ Claremont Graduate University Jacek Kugler (Consultant to the IMF, the World Bank, State Department, and Department of Defense. His publications on the causes and consequences of war use formal modeling and empirical analysis), "The Asian Ascent: Opportunity for Peace or Precondition for War?," International Studies Perspectives-http://www3.interscience.wiley.com.proxy.library.emory.edu/journal/118516737/home, Volume 7, Issue 1-http://www3.interscience.wiley.com.proxy.library.emory.edu/journal/118606983/issue, Pages 36-42
Given the fundamental importance of demographic and economic forces in …that reasonably would be anticipated from a nuclear war.
This diplomatic approach prevents conflict escalation. Only the AFF can access a large war impact
Wright 10 - Executive director of studies @ The Chicago Council on Global Affairs Thomas Wright (Lecturer of Public Policy @ University of Chicago), "Strategic Engagement’s Track Record," The Washington Quarterly • JULY 2010, 33:3 pp. 35_60
The obstacles to a new international order are not just due to free-riding…, is possible only in ’legitimate’ international orders.49 pg. 54
Liberal internationalism defuses a range of transnational crises
Ikenberry 11—Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University G. John Ikenberry, Liberal Leviathan: The Origins, Crisis, and Transformation of the American World Order, 2011
Rather than a single overriding threat, the United States and other countries face a host of …marshal resources and tackle problems along a wide and shifting spectrum of possibilities. Pg. 350-353
Nuclear terror is equivalent to superpower conflict
Toon et al 7 – Owen B. Toon, chair of the Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences at CU-Boulder, et al., April 19, 2007, "Atmospheric effects and societal consequences of regional scale nuclear conflicts and acts of individual nuclear terrorism," online: http://climate.envsci.rutgers.edu/pdf/acp-7-1973-2007.pdf-http://climate.envsci.rutgers.edu/pdf/acp-7-1973-2007.pdf
To an increasing extent, people are congregating in the world’s … (Harwell and Hutchinson, 1985). Such a study should be carried out as well for the present scenarios and physical outcomes.
New unmanaged proliferation risks extinction
Cimbala, 2008
Stephen, Distinguished Prof. Pol. Sci. – Penn. State Brandywine, Comparative Strategy, "Anticipatory Attacks: Nuclear Crisis Stability in Future Asia", 27, InformaWorld
If the possibility existed of a mistaken preemption during and immediately after …for the obsolescence or marginalization of major interstate warfare.
Only the plan solves - Obama must give some love to Appalachia to encourage them to leave the Tea Party
Eller 08 - Professor of history @ University of Kentucky Ron Eller, "Obama’s ’Appalachian Problem’? It’s Not So Easy," Daily Yonder, 05/16/2008, pg. http://tinyurl.com/5elfq7
Popular stereotypes and misreading of Appalachian history have …the contradictions and challenges of our time. We do so at our own peril.
An Obama jobs project is key – His timidity emboldens the Tea Party and gives them media legitimacy
Skocpol-http://www.politico.com/arena/bio/theda_skocpol.html 10 - Professor of Government and Sociology @ Harvard University Theda Skocpol, "Obama and the Democrats Need a Jobs and Taxes Argument for National Recovery," Politico’s The Arena, Sep. 20, 2010, pg. http://www.politico.com/arena/perm/Theda_Skocpol_E8BD76F7-7169-44FC-B779-3993550FC1E6.html
Polls and all kinds of measures of the concerns of … Beyond "reelect us," they never say. They fudge - while offering a constant media spectacle of indecision and retreat.
Obama will mobilize people in key states to force Congress to compromise
Dreier 09 - Professor of Politics and Director of the Urban %26 Environmental Policy Program @ Occidental College in Los Angeles Peter Dreier, "ARTICLE: ORGANIZING IN THE OBAMA ERA: A PROGRESSIVE MOMENT OR A NEW PROGRESSIVE ERA?," The John Marshall Law Review, Spring, 2009, 42 J. Marshall L. Rev. 685
What we know already is that if Barack Obama has any chance to …their legislators, to participating in protest - is essential.
Appalachia will determine the direction of national politics
Cassese et al. 12 – Professor of Poli Sci @ West Virginia University Erin Cassese, Jeremy Zimmerman (PhD Candidate in Poli Sci @ West Virginia University) %26 Lauren Santoro (PhD Candidate in Poli Sci @ West Virginia University), Political Engagement in Appalachia: Distinctive Regional Subculture or Confluence of Demographic Variables? (2012). Paper for the 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association pg. SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2108204
As one might expect given these characteristics, rates of political …these states, as well as nationally. Pg. 3
The Plan
United States Department of Agriculture should create a set-aside for Central Appalachia in the Rural Energy for America Program to increase financial incentives for energy production of wind power.
Solvency
USDA special category solves development and modeling
MACED 10 Mountain Association for Community Economic Development, "Economic Transition in Central Appalachia: Ideas for the Appalachian Regional Development Initiative" April 8, 2010
2. Expand local renewable energy production
Central Appalachia’s historic reliance on coal has also meant little … could be allocated for such investments. Pg. 8-11
Central Appalachia is the key battleground – Federal investment in wind will facilitate a national political and economic transition
Bailey 10 – Research and Policy Director @ Mountain Association for Community Economic Development Jason Bailey-http://www.thesolutionsjournal.com/user/4907, "Start Appalachian Transition through Green Jobs Investments," Solutions Journal, Volume 1 | Issue 4 | Aug 2010, pg. http://tinyurl.com/9gxb8bm
Most communities around the world aren’t yet aware of how …transition, and transition here can help make bigger transitions possible elsewhere.
Disads non unique – wind PTC extension
GARDNER 12 – 31 – 12 Roll Call Staff Lauren Gardner, Obama Suggests Cliff Deal Would Extend Wind Tax Credit, http://www.rollcall.com/news/obama_suggests_cliff_deal_would_extend_wind_tax_credit-220432-1.html?pos=hln-http://www.rollcall.com/news/obama_suggests_cliff_deal_would_extend_wind_tax_credit-220432-1.html?pos=hln~~
President Barack Obama signaled Monday that a tentative … proposed a phase-out over the next few years. |
| 01/16/2013 | Tournament: CSUF | Round: 6 | Opponent: | Judge:
Adv 1 Alford 12 - Capitol Correspondent ~Jeremy Alford, "Rig policy threatens wildlife," Daily Comet, Published: Wednesday, July 11, 2012 at 10:24 p.m, pg. http://tinyurl.com/cfwoue6 BATON ROUGE — Associations that represent recreational fishermen, …
and sea mammals," according to the association’s appeal. Kolian 11 – Director @ EcoRigs ~Steve Kolian (Research scientist @ Louisiana Marine Consortium (LUMCON) and has consulted for the offshore oil and gas industry), Scott Porter (Staff scientist @ LUMCON. 21 years experience as an investigative biologist) %26 Paul W. Sammarco (Professor of ecology @ Louisiana Universities Marine Consortium (LUMCON). Has focused on coral reef ecology for the last 30 years.), "National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) Analysis of the Removal of Retired Offshore Oil and Gas Platforms," EcoRigs Platform Removal Brief , No. 2, July 2011 12.0 Conclusion
The GOM continental shelf will lose a third of its …the cost to produce a barrel of oil in the GOM. Pg. 9 Gaskill 12 ~Melissa Gaskill-http://www.psmag.com/author/mgaskill/, "Gulf Coast Oil Platforms: Save the Rigs?," Pacific Standard, June 13, 2012 • pg. http://tinyurl.com/dyhu26w This year, it’s likely more than 100 offshore structures in …year, and the larvae of some species travel long distances naturally. Macreadie 11 - Chancellor’s Post Doctoral Research Fellow @ University of Technology ~Dr. Peter I Macreadie, Ashley M Fowler (Research Associate @ University of Technology), %26 David J Booth(Professor of Marine Ecology @ University of Technology ) , "Rigs-to-reefs: will the deep sea benefit from artificial habitat?," Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment, 9: 455–461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1890/100112-http://dx.doi.org.proxy.library.emory.edu/10.1890/100112 Deep-sea reefs vary greatly in terms of their geographical distribution, …. Depending on the species, this could be a positive or negative outcome. Craig 3 - Associate Dean for Environmental Programs @ Florida State University ~Robin Kundis Craig, "ARTICLE: Taking Steps Toward Marine Wilderness Protection? Fishing and Coral Reef Marine Reserves in Florida and Hawaii," McGeorge Law Review, Winter 2003, 34 McGeorge L. Rev. 155 Biodiversity and ecosystem function arguments for conserving marine …that may be unique in the world. Kunich 5 – Professor of Law @ Roger Williams University School of Law ~John Charles Kunich, "ARTICLE: Losing Nemo: The Mass Extinction Now Threatening the World’s Ocean Hotspots," Columbia Journal of Environmental Law, 2005, 30 Colum. J. Envtl. L. 1 On the other hand, there is an unimaginable cost from … hotspots preservation than the opposite. Ecorigs 9 ~"EcoRigs Sustainable Fisheries," 2009, pg. http://www.ecorigs.org/SustainableFisheries.htm Purpose and Need
The need for saving retired platforms for …offices and federal agencies. A few contact numbers are provided below. RT Sea 12 ~"The Coral Triangle: scientists warn of social %26 economic implications-http://rtseablog.blogspot.com/2012/07/coral-triangle-scientists-warn-of.html," Tuesday, July 10, 2012, pg. http://tinyurl.com/9lnekkq The Coral Triangle-http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coral_Triangle is an area of tropical waters in the …, making the Coral Triangle’s health a "global" issue. Indonesia instability collapses ASEAN and causes wars.Dibb 1 - Professor of strategic studies @ Australian National University PAUL DIBB, "Indonesia: the key to South-East Asia’s security," International Affairs 77, (2001) pg. 829-842 The break-up of Indonesia would seriously destabilize …is the key to South-East Asia’s security. Pg. 839-842 Teo 12 - Senior Analyst with the Multilateralism and Regionalism Programme @ Nanyang Technological University ~Sarah Teo, "ASEAN Centrality: Why It Is Important For US And China – Analysis," Eurasia Review, September 18, 2012, pg. http://tinyurl.com/8t46u3l REGIONAL COOPERATION in East Asia has suffered several setbacks recently. …by great power rivalry in the foreseeable future. Nationalist island wars will draw in everyone.Sorman 12 - City Journal contributing editor ~Guy Sorman, "Where Nationalism Still Matters," City Journal, 20 August 2012, pg. http://tinyurl.com/8kas2u3 Too often, we see East Asia only from an economic perspective, … nor democracy dissolves nationalist zeal. Island disputes will go nuclearHellman 12 – Professor Emeritus of Electrical Engineering @ Stanford University ~Martin Hellman-http://www-ee.stanford.edu/~hellman/ (His current project, Defusing the Nuclear Threat-http://nuclearrisk.org/, has been endorsed by a former Director of the National Security Agency, Stanford’s President Emeritus, and two Nobel Laureates), "Another Early Warning Sign," Defusing Nuclear Threats, Posted on September 28, 2012-http://nuclearrisk.wordpress.com/2012/09/28/another-early-warning-sign/, pg. http://tinyurl.com/9r9vdhr The "World Anti-Fascist War" is what we call World War II …small chances of being destroyed, eventually one will realize that potential. Adv 2 Dobbins 12 – Director of the International Security and Defense Policy Center @ RAND Corporation ~James Dobbins (Former American Ambassador to the European Community and Assistant Secretary of State), "War with China," Survival | vol. 54 no. 4 | August–September 2012 | pp. 7–24 Shifting the US–China relationship
A climate of mutual distrust and suspicion clouds …credibility of any US threat to use nuclear weapons. Pg. 22-24 Conrad 11 – Research associates with the Global Public Policy Institute ~Björn Conrad (PhD candidate @ University of Trier. His research focuses on China’s domestic climate policy. MA in Chinese Studies, Political Science and Economics from the University of Trier and a Master in Public Policy from Harvard’s Kennedy School of Government.) %26 Mirjam Meissner (MA in Chinese Studies, Political Science and Economics from the Free University), "Catching a Second Wind Changing the Logic of International Cooperation in China’s Wind Energy Sector," Global Public Policy Institute, GPPi Policy Paper No. 12, February 2011 China’s wind energy sector presents a vivid case of the … interaction in order to redefine¶ international partnerships. Pg. 8-9 Lieberthal 11 – Senior fellow in the Foreign Policy and the Global Economy and Development Programs @ Brookings Institution ~Dr. Kenneth Lieberthal (Professor of Poli Sci and Business Administration @ University of Michigan and Former senior director for Asia on the National Security Council) "The U.S. and China — mending fences," Los Angeles Times, Janary 17, 2011-http://articles.latimes.com/2011/jan/17~|pg. http://tinyurl.com/8wlq833 Many Chinese believe that America is a declining No. …trust based on mutual interests and significant reduction in greenhouse gas emissions.
Extinction.
Wittner 11 - Professor of History @ State University of New York-Albany. ~Lawrence S. Wittner, "Is a Nuclear War with China Possible?," Huntington News, Monday, November 28, 2011 - 18:37 pg. http://www.huntingtonnews.net/14446~~ While nuclear weapons exist, there remains a danger that they will be used. …the world, they should be working to encourage these policies. Cooperation leads to an international climate deal.
Oh 12 – Lecture of Comparative Political Economy and International Trade @ Ewha Womans University ~Dr. Jennifer Sojin Oh (PhD in comparative politics from Princeton University), "Business Interests and US–China Relations on Climate Change," Pacific Focus, Vol. XXVII, No. 1 (April 2012), pg. 36–61 The advantage of bilateral negotiation lies in the ability of governments to …will not generate substantial results. Pg. 54-56 Rosenthal %26 Watson 11 – Attorney @ Earthjustice %26 Chief scientist @ United Kingdom Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs (DEFRA) ~Erika Rosenthal %26 Robert Watson (Director for Strategy for the Tyndall Centre @ University of East Anglia, and a former chair of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change), "Multilateral Efforts to Reduce Black Carbon Emissions: A Lifeline for the Warming Arctic?," Review of European Community %26 International Environmental Law, Volume 20, Issue 1, -http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/reel.2011.20.issue-1/issuetocpages 3–10, April 2011 The Arctic is warming more than twice as fast as …and climate change approaches to spur action on black carbon and other short-lived forcers. US-China climate coop solves warming
Hachigian et al 08 - Senior Vice President @ Center for American Progress ~Nina Hachigian (Former Senior Political Scientist at RAND Corporation and Former director of the RAND Center for Asia Pacific Policy), Michael Schiffer (Program officer in Policy Analysis and Dialogue @ Stanley Foundation) %26 Winny Chen ( Research Associate for the National Security and International Policy Team @ Center for American Progress) A Global Imperative: A Progressive Approach to U.S.-China Relations in the 21st Century, Center for American Progress, August 2008~ The opportunity is ripe for the United States to …by tensions over greenhouse gas reduction strategies. Pg. 30 Ahmed 2010 (Nafeez Ahmed, Executive Director of the Institute for Policy Research and Development, professor of International Relations and globalization at Brunel University and the University of Sussex, Spring/Summer 2010, "Globalizing Insecurity: The Convergence of Interdependent Ecological, Energy, and Economic Crises," Spotlight on Security, Volume 5, Issue 2, online)
Perhaps the most notorious indicator is … endangering the survival of all life on earth.~xi~ Sify 2010 – Sydney newspaper citing Ove Hoegh-Guldberg, professor at University of Queensland and Director of the Global Change Institute, and John Bruno, associate professor of Marine Science at UNC (Sify News, "Could unbridled climate changes lead to human extinction?", http://www.sify.com/news/could-unbridled-climate-changes-lead-to-human-extinction-news-international-kgtrOhdaahc.html-http://www.sify.com/news/could-unbridled-climate-changes-lead-to-human-extinction-news-international-kgtrOhdaahc.html, WEA)
The findings of the comprehensive report: ’The impact of …to a GCI release. These findings were published in Science Plan Plan—-The United States federal government should reduce environmental assessment and environmental impact statement requirements for Alternate Use Right of Use Easements to produce wind power in the Outer Conti¬nental ShelfSolvency Giddings 11 – JD Candidate @ The George Washington University Law School ~Nathaniel C. Giddings, "Go Offshore Young Man%21 The Categorical Exclusion Solution to Offshore Wind Farm Development on the Outer Continental Shelf," JOURNAL OF ENERGY %26 ENVIRONMENTAL LAW, Winter 2011 C. Ensuring Environmental Protection and Renewable Development
The environmental impacts of offshore wind farms …whether the Obama administration has the politi¬cal willpower to turn words into action. And it determines investor confidence and industry growth.Dinnell 7 - Trial Attorney @ U.S. Department of Justice %26 Associate in the Labor and Employment Litigation, Construction Litigation, and General Litigation Department @ Frantz Ward LLP ~Adam M. Dinnell %26 Adam J. Russ, "The Legal Hurdles to Developing Wind Power as an Alternative Energy Source in the United States: Creative and Comparative Solutions," Northwestern Journal of International Law %26 Business , 27 Nw. J. Int’l L. %26 Bus. 535, 2007 pg. Hein Online If wind power is to develop into a meaningful alternative … ventem" for¶ years to come.365 pg. 587- 560 Hopkins 12 – Partner @ Duane Morris LLP w/ with a concentration on transportation, products liability-http://www.duanemorris.com/practices/productsliabilityandtoxictorts.html and commercial-http://www.duanemorris.com/practices/commerciallitigation.html litigation ~Robert B. Hopkins, Duane Morris LLP-http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/u/robert-hopkins, "Offshore Wind Farms in US Waters Would Generate Both US and Foreign Maritime Jobs," Renewable Energy World, July 12, 2012, pg. http://tinyurl.com/9sbj8k6 With no offshore wind energy farms yet built off U.S. coastlines…workers will likely be involved in construction and maintenance. Elizabeth SHOVE Sociology @ Lancaster AND Gordon WALKER Geography @ Lancaster ’7 "CAUTION%21 Transitions ahead: politics, practice, and sustainable transition management" Environment and Planning C 39 (4)
For academic readers, our commentary argues for loosening the intellectual …line something really does happen, but not in ways that we can anticipate or know.
Brune 9/28 - Executive director @ The Sierra Club-http://www.sierraclub.org/ ~Michael Brune, "Mighty Wind," The Huffington Post, Posted: 09/28/2012 5:26 pm Did you notice that last weekend the largest onshore wind …Maybe that’s why Google also kicked in %24100 million. Jennings 9/25 - Green America’s Clean Energy Victory Bonds-https://www.facebook.com/CleanEnergyVictoryBonds Outreach Fellow ~"Wind %26 Solar Are Shining Examples of US Economic Success, Potential, %26 Jobs (but Under Threat)," Planet Save, September 25, 2012, pg. http://tinyurl.com/94ph6dr Recent reports from IMS Research and the Energy Department …long-term power purchase contracts with utilities in 2011 was 40% lower than in 2010. Crooks 9/27 ~Ed Crooks, "Cold front gathers in US renewable energy," Financial Times, September 27, 2012 3:02 pm, pg. http://tinyurl.com/9ugxotp Not every Republican agrees. Chuck Grassley, the senator from Iowa, the second-largest … session of Congress after the election. |
| 02/04/2013 | Tournament: UGA | Round: All | Opponent: | Judge: Haltom 10 - Co-director of Coal River Muntain Watch ~Vernon Haltom, "Can a Wind Farm Transform Appalachia’s Energy Future?," Solutions Journal, Volume 1 | Issue 4 | Page 71-77 | Jul 2010, pg. http://tinyurl.com/9e3fyr8
The communities of the Coal River Valley suffered a …, and turn off that light in order to remain standing. Flaccavento 10 - Founder of Appalachian Sustainable Development (ASD) and SCxALE, Inc ~Anthony Flaccavento-http://www.thesolutionsjournal.com/user/4896, "The Transition of Appalachia," Solutions Journal, Volume 1 | Issue 4 | Page 34-44 | Aug 2010, pg. http://tinyurl.com/39kwh4h Thirdly, the approach of the "environmental movement", while …can come to exemplify sustainable development, it will be difficult to ignore. Scott, 5/9/12 – Gordon Scott, Sierra Club International Program ~"Indian Activists Visit Appalachia To Build Global Coalition Against Coal Industry". ThinkProgress. http://thinkprogress.org/climate/2012/05/09/480705/indian-activists-visit-appalachia-to-build-global-coalition-against-coal-industry/~~
The forest-shaded hills of the Appalachian Mountains near Charleston, WV, … and against the devastation this industry is wreaking around the world. Global collapse and extinction coming – We must establish a model for sustainability.Gowdy 07 - Professor of Economics @ Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute ~John Gowdy, "Avoiding Self-Organized Extinction: Toward a Co-Evolutionary Economics of Sustainability," Red Orbit, April 26, 2007, pg. http://tinyurl.com/apnknbt A current line of research addressing the question of sustainability is analyzing in detail … resource bottleneck of the current century.
There are multiple scenarios for our demise
Shahan 09 – Director/editor @ CleanTechnica-http://cleantechnica.com/ and Planetsave-http://planetsave.com/ ~Zachary Shahan-http://ecolocalizer.com/author/zshahan/, "Global Collapse, Human Survival %26 the Planet’s Boundaries, Eco Localizer, September 24, 2009, pg. http://ecolocalizer.com/2009/09/24/global-collapse-human-survival-the-planets-boundaries/
Global Environmental Collapse
Scientists from the US, Europe, and Australia … our systems to produce what we take. Otherwise, the planet has its limits.
*9 Tresholds are (1) climate change, (2) ozone, (3) land use change, (4) freshwater use, (5) biodiversity, (6) ocean acidification, (7) nitrogen and phosphorus inputs, (8) aerosol loading and (9) chemical pollution Only wind solves – It provides a viable alternative to mountaintop removal and pave the way for sustainable developmentZeller 10 ~TOM ZELLER Jr.-http://topics.nytimes.com/topics/reference/timestopics/people/z/tom_jr_zeller/index.html?inline=nyt-per "A Battle in Mining Country Pits Coal Against Wind," New York Times, Published: August 14, 2010, pg. http://tinyurl.com/8ctubyz Critics say the practice, known as "mountaintop … would be no more utility-scale wind up there." Wilson, 1/13/13 – Reid Wilson, political reporter, editor in chief of National Journal Hotline ~"The Shift Of King Coal". National Journal. http://www.nationaljournal.com/columns/on-the-trail/the-shift-of-king-coal-20130114~~
That’s because in Appalachia, coal is still … energies, King Coal still reigns supreme. Wind incentives will short-circuit the Tea Party rebellion against Obama and empower progressivesElk 09 - Union organizer and labor journalist who writes for Harper’s Magazine, the American Prospect, the Huffington Post and In These Times. He has appeared as a comme¬ntator on CNN, Fox News, and NPR. ~Mike Elk-http://www.ourfuture.org/users/new-4013, "Stop The Teabaggers, Give Them Green Jobs: Lessons From the Coalfields of West Virginia," Campaign for America’s Future, August 27, 2009 - 4:40pm ET, pg. http://tinyurl.com/mq62jx West Virginia shows us how we could …These are the lessons that West Virginia has to offer us. Mann %26 Ornstein 12 - Chair and a senior fellow in Governance Studies @ Brookings Institution-http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brookings_Institution %26 political scientist and resident scholar @ American Enterprise Institute ~Thomas E. Mann-http://www.npr.org/books/authors/151524793/thomas-e-mann %26 Norman J. Ornstein-http://www.npr.org/books/authors/151524801/norman-j-ornstein, It’s Even Worse Than It Looks, pg. http://tinyurl.com/8ucplnz Six years ago, we wrote The Broken Branch, which sharply criticized the …is key to taking the right steps to overcome dysfunctional politics. Kornacki 12/27 (Steve, senior political writer, has been published in several newspapers, including the NYT and WSJ. "Triumph of the Tea Party mindset." Salon, December 27, 2012. http://www.salon.com/2012/12/27/triumph_of_the_tea_party_mindset/-http://www.salon.com/2012/12/27/triumph_of_the_tea_party_mindset/.) Two stories that might seem to contradict each other ran in the …spirit now rules the Republican Party. Tea party influence erodes liberal internationalism, causes protectionism, and risks strikes on IranMead 11 – Professor of Foreign Affairs and the Humanities @ Bard College ~Walter Russell Mead, "The Tea Party and American Foreign Policy: What Populism Means for Globalism," Foreign Affairs, March/April 2011Volume 9o • Number 2 Any increase in Jacksonian political strength …embrace visionary "win-win" global schemes. Pg. 42-43 White, July/August 2011 (Jeffrey—defense fellow at the Washington Institute for Near East Policy, What Would War With Iran Look Like, National Interest, p. http://www.the-american-interest.com/article-bd.cfm?piece=982-http://www.the-american-interest.com/article-bd.cfm?piece=982) A U.S.-Iranian war would probably not be fought by the … U.S. military operations and coalition diplomacy. Giribets 12 ~Miguel Giribets, "If US Attacks Iran, Human Survival May Be at Risk (Part III)," Argen Press, 10 January 2012, pg. http://watchingamerica.com/News/141596/if-us-attacks-iran-human-survival-may-be-at-risk-part-iii/~~ The dangers of global war are clear. On one side, hundreds …human race would be put at stake if the U.S. attacks Iran. PANZNER 08 Faculty – New York Institute of Finance. Specializes in Global Capital Markets. MA Columbia ~Michael J. Panzner, Financial Armageddon: Protect Your Future from Economic Collapse, Revised and Updated Edition ~Paperback~, p. 137-138~
Continuing calls for curbs on the flow of finance and …Muslims and Western societies as the beginnings of a new world war. Kupchan, ’12 - Charles Kupchan, Professor of International Affairs at Georgetown, Senior Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations ~"Grand Strategy: The Four Pillars of the Future". Democracy, Issue ~%2323, Winter 2012. http://tinyurl.com/ccd6y5n~~
Making Room for the Rising Rest
As emerging powers continue their ascent, dampening rivalries and …that progressives fully understand. Kugler 06 – Professor of world politics @ Claremont Graduate University ~Jacek Kugler (Consultant to the IMF, the World Bank, State Department, and Department of Defense. His publications on the causes and consequences of war use formal modeling and empirical analysis), "The Asian Ascent: Opportunity for Peace or Precondition for War?," International Studies Perspectives-http://www3.interscience.wiley.com.proxy.library.emory.edu/journal/118516737/home, Volume 7, Issue 1-http://www3.interscience.wiley.com.proxy.library.emory.edu/journal/118606983/issue, Pages 36-42
Given the fundamental importance of demographic and economic forces in … that reasonably would be anticipated from a nuclear war. Wright 10 - Executive director of studies @ The Chicago Council on Global Affairs ~Thomas Wright (Lecturer of Public Policy @ University of Chicago), "Strategic Engagement’s Track Record," The Washington Quarterly • JULY 2010, 33:3 pp. 35_60~
The obstacles to a new international order are not just due to free-…, is possible only in ’legitimate’ international orders.49 pg. 54 Ikenberry 11—Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University ~G. John Ikenberry, Liberal Leviathan: The Origins, Crisis, and Transformation of the American World Order, 2011~
Rather than a single overriding threat, the United States and other countries face a host of diffuse and …resources and tackle problems along a wide and shifting spectrum of possibilities. Pg. 350-353 Toon et al 7 – Owen B. Toon, chair of the Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences at CU-Boulder, et al., April 19, 2007, "Atmospheric effects and societal consequences of regional scale nuclear conflicts and acts of individual nuclear terrorism," online: http://climate.envsci.rutgers.edu/pdf/acp-7-1973-2007.pdf-http://climate.envsci.rutgers.edu/pdf/acp-7-1973-2007.pdf
To an increasing extent, people are congregating in the world’s great urban centers, … out as well for the present scenarios and physical outcomes. Cimbala, 2008
~Stephen, Distinguished Prof. Pol. Sci. – Penn. State Brandywine, Comparative Strategy, "Anticipatory Attacks: Nuclear Crisis Stability in Future Asia", 27, InformaWorld~
If the possibility existed of a mistaken preemption during and immediately after the Cold War, …for the obsolescence or marginalization of major interstate warfare. Pandemics cause extinctionKeating, 9 — Foreign Policy web editor
(Joshua, "The End of the World," Foreign Policy, 11-13-9, www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2009/11/13/the_end_of_the_world?page=full, accessed 9-7-12, mss)
How it could happen: Throughout history, plagues have …added a new and just as troubling complication. Eller 08 - Professor of history @ University of Kentucky ~Ron Eller, "Obama’s ’Appalachian Problem’? It’s Not So Easy," Daily Yonder, 05/16/2008, pg. http://tinyurl.com/5elfq7 Popular stereotypes and misreading of Appalachian history have long provided …ignore the contradictions and challenges of our time. We do so at our own peril. Skocpol-http://www.politico.com/arena/bio/theda_skocpol.html 10 - Professor of Government and Sociology @ Harvard University ~Theda Skocpol, "Obama and the Democrats Need a Jobs and Taxes Argument for National Recovery," Politico’s The Arena, Sep. 20, 2010, pg. http://www.politico.com/arena/perm/Theda_Skocpol_E8BD76F7-7169-44FC-B779-3993550FC1E6.html Polls and all kinds of measures of the concerns of most ordinary …? Beyond "reelect us," they never say. They fudge - while offering a constant media spectacle of indecision and retreat. Dreier 09 - Professor of Politics and Director of the Urban %26 Environmental Policy Program @ Occidental College in Los Angeles ~Peter Dreier, "ARTICLE: ORGANIZING IN THE OBAMA ERA: A PROGRESSIVE MOMENT OR A NEW PROGRESSIVE ERA?," The John Marshall Law Review, Spring, 2009, 42 J. Marshall L. Rev. 685 ~GENDER PARAPHRASED~ What we know already is that if Barack Obama has any chance to be a … their legislators, to participating in protest - is essential. Cassese et al. 12 – Professor of Poli Sci @ West Virginia University ~Erin Cassese, Jeremy Zimmerman (PhD Candidate in Poli Sci @ West Virginia University) %26 Lauren Santoro (PhD Candidate in Poli Sci @ West Virginia University), Political Engagement in Appalachia: Distinctive Regional Subculture or Confluence of Demographic Variables? (2012). Paper for the 2012 Annual Meeting of the American Political Science Association pg. SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2108204 As one might expect given these characteristics, rates of …these states, as well as nationally. Pg. 3 USDA special category solves development and modelingMACED 10 ~Mountain Association for Community Economic Development, "Economic Transition in Central Appalachia: Ideas for the Appalachian Regional Development Initiative" April 8, 2010 2. Expand local renewable energy production
Central Appalachia’s historic reliance on coal has also … program could be allocated for such investments. Pg. 8-11 Central Appalachia is the key battleground – Federal investment in wind will facilitate a national political and economic transitionBailey 10 – Research and Policy Director @ Mountain Association for Community Economic Development ~Jason Bailey-http://www.thesolutionsjournal.com/user/4907, "Start Appalachian Transition through Green Jobs Investments," Solutions Journal, Volume 1 | Issue 4 | Aug 2010, pg. http://tinyurl.com/9gxb8bm Most communities around the world aren’t yet aware of …, and transition here can help make bigger transitions possible elsewhere. MACED 10 ~Mountain Association for Community Economic Development, "Economic Transition in Central Appalachia: Ideas for the Appalachian Regional Development Initiative" April 8, 2010 I. Introduction and Overarching Recommendations
The Obama administration’s interest in investments in Central Appalachia that …appropriate to place-based needs and opportunities. Pg. 1-3
NOTE: Rural Innovation Initiative = USDA geographically targeted set aside for renewable energy GARDNER 12 – 31 – 12 Roll Call Staff ~Lauren Gardner, Obama Suggests Cliff Deal Would Extend Wind Tax Credit, http://www.rollcall.com/news/obama_suggests_cliff_deal_would_extend_wind_tax_credit-220432-1.html?pos=hln-http://www.rollcall.com/news/obama_suggests_cliff_deal_would_extend_wind_tax_credit-220432-1.html?pos=hln~~ President Barack Obama signaled Monday that a tentative … a phase-out over the next few years. Criticisms of wind are ideologically biased and ignore flaws in the current system.
Sovacool 8 (Benjamin K., Assistant Professor at the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, part of the National University of Singapore. He is also a Research Fellow in the Energy Governance Program at the Centre on Asia and Globalization. He has worked in advisory and research capacities at the U.S. National Science Foundation’s Electric Power Networks Efficiency and Security Program, Virginia Tech Consortium on Energy Restructuring, Virginia Center for Coal and Energy Research, New York State Energy Research and Development Authority, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Semiconductor Materials and Equipment International, and U.S. Department of Energy’s Climate Change Technology Program. He is the co-editor with Marilyn A. Brown of Energy and American Society: Thirteen Myths (2007) and the author of The Dirty Energy Dilemma: What’s Blocking Clean Power in the United States (2008). He is also a frequent contributor to such journals as Electricity Journal, Energy %26 Environment, and Energy Policy, The intermittency of wind, solar, and renewable electricity generators: Technical barrier or rhetorical excuse?, ScienceDire, Utilities Policy 17 (2009) 288–296) 3. Assessing the reliability of conventional …of the traditional electricity generation system. |
| 02/13/2013 | Tournament: NU | Round: 1 | Opponent: | Judge: …
Tea party influence increasing
AP, 2/8 ~"Reports of tea party’s demise are exaggerated", http://www.vindy.com/news/2013/feb/08/reports-of-tea-partys-demise-are-exagger/?newswatch~~
Once again, punditocracy reports of the tea party’s …the desired results, and his targets are unlikely to be deterred. Heg is unsustainable green
Layne, 1-27-12 ~Christopher, professor and Robert M. Gates Chair in National Security at Texas A %26 M University’s George H. W. Bush School of Government and Public Service, "The (Almost) Triumph of Offshore Balancing," http://nationalinterest.org/commentary/almost-triumph-offshore-balancing-6405-http://nationalinterest.org/commentary/almost-triumph-offshore-balancing-6405~~
Although cloaked in the reassuring boilerplate …and, perhaps, to provide the international economy with a new reserve currency. |
| 02/13/2013 | |
| 02/13/2013 | Tournament: NU | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: Tea Party will get credit for the CP – They control the states
Wessler 12 – Investigative reporter and researcher @ Colorlines.com and the Applied Research Center ~Seth Freed Wessler, "The Tea Party Will Still Run the States, No Matter Who Wins the Presidency," Colorlines, Thursday, November 1 2012, 10:26 AM EST, pg. http://tinyurl.com/ceqe6v6 The 2010 elections, in … state legislative chambers. They will bust state budgets
Ravitch 12 - Former Lieutenant Governor of New York ~Richard Ravitch, "State Budget Crisis Must Be Addressed, Before It’s Too Late," Huffington Post, Posted: 07/17/2012 11:09 am, pg. http://tinyurl.com/9sa3nrh Many of us have read about the bankruptcy …make the ultimate costs even greater. Fed key – four reasons
Kay, 2012 ~ Energy Federalism: Who Decides? David Kay Cornell Community and Regional Development Institute (CaRDI) July 2012 http://devsoc.cals.cornell.edu/cals/devsoc/outreach/cardi/programs/loader.cfm?csModule=security/getfile%26PageID=1071714~~ Centralized Federalism
Sovocool list four significant benefits of the …separate smaller governments. Fed doesn’t model states-gridlock and lobby influence
Bryne, 7 — Center for Energy and Environmental Policy
(John, et al, "American policy conflict in the greenhouse," 2007, www.ceep.udel.edu/energy/publications/documents/2007_es_EP_American_policy_conflict_in%20the%20greenhouse_Byrne%20et%20al.pdf?_encoding=UTF8, accessed 10-20-12) 5. Explaining the divergence in national, state and local climate change … Protection Agency (Bogardus, 2004; Drew and Oppel Jr., 2004; NRDC, 2001). |
| 02/13/2013 | Tournament: NU | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: Reject their impact framing and theory of social interaction. The terminology of "neoliberalism" encourages fake radicalism, oversimplification, and greater levels of cooptation than positive and pragmatic environmental politics. I’m only reading one card because it makes lots of arguments and they aren’t going for this
Clive BARNETT Faculty of the Social Sciences @ Open University (UK) ’5 "The Consolations of ’Neoliberalism’" Geoforum 36 (1) p. Science Dirct
3. There is no such thing as neoliberalism%21 The …the horizons of our theoretical curiosity a little more widely. Commons alternatives reinforces existing inequalities. Only supplementing commons with a more democratic distribution of state resources like the plan solves.
James McCARTHY Geography @ PSU ’5 "Commons as counterhegemonic projects" Capitalism, Nature, Socialism 16 (1) p. INFORMA Global commons can also be profoundly …, remains the most democratic and democratizable of modern institutions. |
| 02/13/2013 | Tournament: NU | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: not zero sum – the result is cooperation
Larson, ’10 - Christina Larson is a journalist focusing on international environmental issues, based in Beijing and Washington, D.C ~"America’s Unfounded Fears of A Green-Tech Race with China". Environment360. http://e360.yale.edu/feature/americas_unfounded_fears_of_a_green-tech_race_with_china/2238/~~
"Even when you are looking at these … begin to recognize its own strengths in this field. Europe links – outweighs US
Larson, ’10 - Christina Larson is a journalist focusing on international environmental issues, based in Beijing and Washington, D.C ~"America’s Unfounded Fears of A Green-Tech Race with China". Environment360. http://e360.yale.edu/feature/americas_unfounded_fears_of_a_green-tech_race_with_china/2238/~~
It is telling what is left out of the increasingly dominant "U.S…more sense ~than a U.S. versus China frame~."
Coal exports are increasing - the Appalachian coal economy is key
Markey, ’12 ~Edward Markey, ranking member of the House Natural Resources Committee. "Our Pain, Their Gain", congressional report. July 19 2012. http://democrats.naturalresources.house.gov/sites/democrats.naturalresources.house.gov/files/documents/Our_Pain_Their_Gain1.pdf~~
A more truthful ad would unplug the power cord …than the United States, are still ready to buy.
Exports prevent Chinese renewables
Plumer, ’12 - Brad Plumer is a reporter focusing on energy and environmental issues ~5/1/12. "How the U.S. could influence China’s coal habits — with exports". Washington Post. http://tinyurl.com/ac2htbz~~
Still, as a recent and fascinating report (pdf) from …aren’t likely to sit idly by while this happens. |
| 02/13/2013 | Tournament: NU | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: REAP funds wind farms now
Canales 12 - Administrator for USDA Rural Development’s Rural Business and Cooperative Program ~Judith A. Canales, "The Impact of the Rural Energy for America Program on Promoting Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy," March 2012 Since its inception in 2003, REAP and other USDA …commercial energy audits. Pg. 3 Won’t include path to citizenship
REUTERS 2 – 5 – 13 ~House Republicans challenge Obama immigration plan’s citizenship goal, http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/02/05/us-usa-immigration-idUSBRE9130V620130205-http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/02/05/us-usa-immigration-idUSBRE9130V620130205~~
Republicans in the U.S. House of Representatives on …with eventual citizenship, which they often decry as an "amnesty." Wont’ pass – tons of reasons
REUTERS 2 – 5 – 13 ~House Republicans try to chip away at immigration reform, http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/02/06/us-usa-immigration-idUSBRE9130V620130206-http://www.reuters.com/article/2013/02/06/us-usa-immigration-idUSBRE9130V620130206~~ The first major immigration reform effort since …3 million illegal immigrants were granted legal status.
Obama’s capital irrelevant
LA TIMES 2 – 4 – 13 ~Christi Parsons and Kathleen Hennessey, Washington Bureau, Obama takes second-term agenda to the campaign trail, http://articles.latimes.com/2013/feb/04/nation/la-na-obama-20130204-http://articles.latimes.com/2013/feb/04/nation/la-na-obama-20130204~~ With Obama, though, his opponents do not seem …White House would require more Latino support. Rubio key
DRUM 2 – 6 – 13 Mother Jones Political Staff ~Kevin Drum, Support for Immigration Reform is Paper Thin, http://www.motherjones.com/kevin-drum/2013/02/support-immigration-reform-paper-thin-http://www.motherjones.com/kevin-drum/2013/02/support-immigration-reform-paper-thin~~ ABC News reports that their latest poll is good …, this isn’t going to end well. Winners Win %26 political capital is wrong
HIRSH 2 – 7 – 13 chief correspondent for National Journal, previously served as the senior editor and national economics correspondent for Newsweek. Overseas Press Club award for best magazine reporting from abroad in 2001 and for Newsweek’s coverage of the war on terror, which also won a National Magazine Award ~Michael Hirsh, There’s No Such Thing as Political Capital, http://www.nationaljournal.com/magazine/there-s-no-such-thing-as-political-capital-20130207~~ But the abrupt emergence of the immigration …may change positions to get on the winning side. It’s a bandwagon effect."
Keystone Thumps
LEWIS 2 – 4 – 13 Delegate to the Toronto Changing Atmosphere conference of 1988 ~David Lewis, Rethinking Opposition to Keystone XL, http://theenergycollective.com/david-lewis/180651/rethinking-opposition-keystone-xl-http://theenergycollective.com/david-lewis/180651/rethinking-opposition-keystone-xl~~ If the "movement" succeeds in persuading Obama he …that Canada can and will move its expanding oil production over its own territory to its own ports.
Strong bipartisan support for the REAP
Learner 12 - Executive Director of the Environmental Law %26 Policy Center ~Howard A. Learner, "Clean-Energy Programs Key to Rural U.S.," National Journal, May 14, 2012 7:11 AM, pg. http://tinyurl.com/b85fecc The Senate Agriculture Committee wisely redirected funding to the Farm …of agriculture, investors and environmentalists, and it enhances economic stability in rural communities. Even if political capital is real, issues are compartmentalized
LEE 05 The Rose Institute of State %26 Local Government – Claremont McKenna College – Presented at the Georgia Political Science Association 2005 Conference
~Andrew, "Invest or Spend?:Political capital and Statements of Administration Policy in the First Term of the George W. Bush Presidency," http://a-s.clayton.edu/trachtenberg/2005%20Proceedings%20Lee.pdf~~
Instead of investing political capital, the …term’s adherence to this hypothesis. This is uniquely true in the current political environment.
Hirsh 2/7/13 (Michael, Chief correspondent for National Journal, Previously served as the senior editor and national economics correspondent for Newsweek, Overseas Press Club award for best magazine reporting from abroad in 2001 and for Newsweek’s coverage of the war on terror which also won a National Magazine Award, There’s No Such Thing as Political Capital, http://www.nationaljournal.com/magazine/there-s-no-such-thing-as-political-capital-20130207) On Tuesday, in his State of the Union address… It’s your choice. The future is wide open. Controversial fights ensure agenda success.
Dickerson 1/18/13 (John, Chief Political Correspondent at the Slate, Political Director of CBS News, Covered Politics for Time Magazine for 12 Years, Previous White House Correspondent, Go for the Throat%21, http://tinyurl.com/b7zvv4d) On Monday, President Obama will preside over …climate science deniers, supporters of "self-deportation" and the pure no-tax wing. Our argument is based in academia and cites empirics.
Dickerson 13 (John, Chief Political Correspondent at the Slate, Political Director of CBS News, Covered Politics for Time Magazine for 12 Years, Previous White House Correspondent, Go for the Throat%21, http://tinyurl.com/b7zvv4d) Obama’s only remaining option is to pulverize. …to pitched political battle. He has no time to waste. Prefer evidence that accounts for the bandwagon effect.
Green 10 (David Michael, Professor of Political Science at Hofstra University, The Do-Nothing 44th President, June 12th, http://tinyurl.com/axspsc4) Yet, on the other hand, Bush and Cheney had far … mentioned at the top of this essay are paradigmatic. Relations resilient under Obama – despite visa issues
Desai 12 Fellow, Truman National Security Project (Ronak. "US-India Relations under the 2nd obama administration." http://www.huffingtonpost.com/ronak-d-desai/usindia-relations-under-t_b_2115396.html) What’s ahead for US-India relations now that President …is any indicator of what’s on the horizon, the future looks bright for US-India relations. Odds of the war going nuclear are ZERO. Their high probability assessment is media hype
Enders 02 ~David Enders, "Experts say nuclear war still unlikely," Michigan Daily, January 30th, 2002, pg. http://www.michigandaily.com/content/experts-say-nuclear-war-still-unlikely. University political science Prof. Ashutosh Varshney becomes animated when asked about the likelihood of nuclear war between India and Pakistan.
"Odds are close to zero," Varshney said forcefully, standing up to pace …for ways out of the current tension," Lieberthal said.
_ - Ashutosh Varshney - Professor of Political Science and South Asia expert at the University of Michigan
- Paul Huth – Professor of International Conflict and Security Affairs at the University of Maryland
- Kenneth Lieberthal - Professor of Political Science at the University of Michigan
Rule change will increase immigration
AMERICAN-STATESMAN 1 – 2 – 13 ~New rule easing immigration hurdles bypasses Congress, http://www.statesman.com/news/news/new-rule-easing-immigration-hurdles-bypasses-congr/nTkpQ/-http://www.statesman.com/news/news/new-rule-easing-immigration-hurdles-bypasses-congr/nTkpQ/~~ Austin immigration attorneys hailed a rule change … to the U.S. unlawfully as children. Latin America doesn’t escalate
Cárdenas, 3-17-11
~Mauricio, senior fellow and director of the Latin America Initiative at the Brookings Institution, was cabinet minister during the Gaviria and Pastrana administrations in Colombia. Think Again Latin America, Foreign Policy, http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/03/17/think_again_latin_america?page=full-http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2011/03/17/think_again_latin_america?page=full~~ "Latin America is violent and dangerous." Yes, …contributed in large part to the organization’s loss of popular support. More immigration doesn’t solve aging – short term only
LIFE SITE NEWS 06 Citing a Canadian Study ~Study Shows More Immigration Won’t Fix Demographic Implosion in Canada, http://www.lifesitenews.com/news/archive//ldn/2006/sep/06092706-http://www.lifesitenews.com/news/archive/ldn/2006/sep/06092706~~ Titled, "No Elixir of Youth; Immigration Cannot …standards of living. In addition, the economic pressures of caring for the aged will increase even more. No aging crisis – current immigration rates and high fertility solve
Howe and Jackson 9 - Researchers at the Center for Strategic and International Studies and co-authors of "The Graying of the Great Powers: Demography and Geopolitics in the 21st Century.", " (Neil and Richard, The World Won’t Be Aging Gracefully. Just the Opposite.", Washington Post, Jan 4, http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/01/02/AR2009010202231.html-http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2009/01/02/AR2009010202231.html) An important but limited exception to hyperaging … will live in English-speaking countries. |
| 02/13/2013 | Tournament: NU | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: Grid parity solves the link
Randall, 3/14/12 - Tom Randall is a deputy sustainability editor for Bloomberg News ~"Wind Innovations Drive Down Costs, Stock Prices". Bloomberg. http://go.bloomberg.com/multimedia/wind-innovations-drive-down-costs-stock-prices/~~
The world’s wind-power capacity increased 113-fold …parity by 2016."
Wind reduces electricity prices
White 5/29/12 - Manages the National Clean Energy Transmission Initiative-http://cleanenergytransmission.org/ for the Energy Future Coalition ~Bill White, (Former Senior advisor to EPA Administrator Carol Browner. Masters in Public Policy from Harvard University), "The truth about renewable energy: Inexpensive, reliable, and inexhaustible," Grist, 29 May 2012 7:23 AM, pg. http://grist.org/renewable-energy/the-truth-about-renewable-energy-inexpensive-reliable-and-inexhaustible/ Renewable energy actually reduces … about 10 percent of all generation on the system.
Prices will increase – natural gas
Powers, 11/8/12 - editor of Powers Energy Investor, devoted the last 15 years to studying and analyzing the energy sector (Bill, Business Insider, "US Shale Gas Won’t Last Ten Years: Bill Powers" http://www.businessinsider.com/us-shale-gas-wont-last-ten-years-bill-powers-2012-11-http://www.businessinsider.com/us-shale-gas-wont-last-ten-years-bill-powers-2012-11)
Bill Powers: My thesis is that the importance of … and that U.S. prices will move back to world levels.
b) New regulations
Michael Bastasch 11/7 The Daily Caller News Foundation http://dailycaller.com/2012/11/07/energy-industry-could-be-hit-by-tougher-regulations-in-obama-second-term/2/ The energy industry …fracking has caused groundwater contamination, and it hasn’t." Empirics prove no war
Miller 1—Morris Miller is an adjunct economics professor at the University of Ottawa ~Jan.-Mar, 2001, "Poverty: A Cause of War?" Peace Magazine, http://peacemagazine.org/archive/v17n1p08.htm~~ Economic Crises?
Some scholars have argued …of violence to abort another)."
Resource wars are highly unlikely and never escalate
Salehyan 8—Professor of Political Science at North Texas ~Idean, Journal of Peace Research, "From Climate Change to Conflict? No Consensus Yet" 45:3, Sage, DOI: 10.1177/0022343308088812~ A few caveats are in order here. It is important to note, again, that the most severe effects of … be managed if there is the political will to do so. Price spikes yes- Weather + choke points
Meyer 1/24/13 (Gregory, Financial Times, Cold snap exposes natural gas volatility, http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/027b2c4a-6644-11e2-b967-00144feab49a.html~~%23axzz2KM4rJS9f) Wholesale natural …800m cubic feet per day into New York. Futures + EIA
Conway 2/7/13 (Brendan, Natural Gas Fund Tumbles As Data Shows Healthy Stockpile, Focus on Funds
News and analysis on ETFs, mutual funds and hedge funds, http://blogs.barrons.com/focusonfunds/2013/02/07/natural-gas-fund-tumbles-as-data-shows-healthy-stockpile/?mod=BOLBlog)
Natural gas prices are volatile …agree on widespread, nearly coast-to-coast cold," the group said. No impact
Robert Jervis 11, Professor in the Department of Political Science and School of International and Public Affairs at Columbia University, December 2011, "Force in Our Times," Survival, Vol. 25, No. 4, p. 403-425
Even if war is still seen as evil, the security community could be dissolved if severe conflicts of interest were to arise. Could the more peaceful world generate new interests that would bring the members of the community into sharp disputes? 45 A zero-sum sense of status would be one …times bring about greater economic conflict, it will not make war thinkable.
Prefer our authors – their evidence is biased by economic Stockholm syndrome
Dornbrook, 10 – Reporter for the Kansas City Business Journal, Citing Brian Wesbury – Chief Economist for First Trust Advisors and Author (James, "Economist: Ongoing rebound gives reason for optimism", January 8th 2010, May 21st 2010, http://kansascity.bizjournals.com/kansascity/stories/2010/01/04/daily46.html)
People should start being more … and that recovery is under way, he said. |
| 02/13/2013 | Tournament: NU | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: 5. Links to politics and rollback
Campbell, Government Professor, 2K
(Colton, CONGRESS CONFRONTS THE COURTS, p. 22)
The final situation in which the judiciary …-of-touch is unlikely to be respected. 5. The CP leads to court stripping
Devins, William and Mary Professor of Law and Government, ’06
~Neal, Maryland Law Review, "Smoke, Not Fire," 65 Md. L. Rev. 197, l/n~
In the meantime, the Rehnquist Court will …Court-Congress relations are not yet upon us. No impact—no cyber-attack has actually killed a person
Rid 12—reader in war studies at King’s College London, is author of "Cyber War Will Not Take Place" and co-author of "Cyber-Weapons." ~March/April, 2012, Thomas Rid, "Think Again: Cyberwar," http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2012/02/27/cyberwar?page=full~~ Indeed, there is no known cyberattack that has caused …ailments, unlike past examples of cyber "war," actually do kill people. |
| 02/13/2013 | Tournament: NU | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: US production solves
Bennett 10 ~JOHN T. BENNETT, "DoD Sees U.S., Allies Ending China’s Rare Earths Dominance," Defense News, Published: 9 Nov 2010 15:46, pg. http://www.defensenews.com/story.php?i=5020374%26c=POL%26s=TOP-http://www.defensenews.com/story.php?i=5020374%26c=POL%26s=TOP~~ NEW YORK - The U.S. must only survive a …China from its rare earth throne. Not rare for the DOD
Grasso 12 ~Valerie Bailey, Specialist in Defense Acquisition at CRS, "Rare Earth Elements in National Defense: Background, Oversight Issues, and Options for Congress," 4-25, http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/natsec/R41744.pdf-http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/natsec/R41744.pdf~~
DOD released a seven-page report in March 2012. … to meet DOD requirements. 11 Shortage triggers the development of domestic supplies – That solves the case
Parthemore 11 - Fellow @ Center for a New American Security. Director of the Natural Security Program ~Christine Parthemore (MA from Georgetown’s Security Studies Program), "Elements of Security: Mitigating the Risks of U.S. Dependence on Critical Minerals," Center for a New American Security, June 2011, pg. http://www.cnas.org/files/documents/publications/CNAS_Minerals_Parthemore.pdf//edlee-http://www.cnas.org/files/documents/publications/CNAS_Minerals_Parthemore.pdf/edlee~~ A lack of domestic supplies and the …or foreign policy repercussions. Pg. 17
Domestic production and recycling solves
Coppel 11 – Research assistant @ American Security Project ~Emily Coppel (Graduate student in the Elliott School of International Affairs at George Washington University), "Rare Earth Metals and U.S. National Security," ASP Briefing, February 1, 2011, pg. http://americansecurityproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/Rare-Earth-Metals-and-US-Security-FINAL.pdf-http://americansecurityproject.org/wp-content/uploads/2011/02/Rare-Earth-Metals-and-US-Security-FINAL.pdf~~
With shortages likely sometime in the next two to three years, the US…future growth in demand. Pg. 4 … AT: Turns case
Protectionism defense takes out the impact Doesn’t turn
Pool 12’
RELEASING THE RARE EARTHS Engineering %26 Technology May 2012 Rebecca Pool Projects aimed at replacing rare-earth materials in …dysprosium and neodymium. PTC Thumper PTC extension will massively increase US wind production
Bloomberg 1/2/12
Bloomberg news, "U.S. Credit Extension May Revive Stalled Wind Industry," http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-01-02/wind-tax-credit-extension-seen-driving-growth-trade-group-says.html-http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-01-02/wind-tax-credit-extension-seen-driving-growth-trade-group-says.html The one-year extension of a U.S. tax …this year. We’re in a good position to get some construction started." Causes massive production
Evans 1/2/13 (Piers Grimley, Contributing Editor Wind sector welcomes US tax break extension http://www.powerengineeringint.com/articles/2013/wind-sector-gives-us-tax-deal-a-mixed-welcome.html
A reprieve for a wind power tax break …from the federal government, which it needs to sustain market growth." Causes a boom in production
Kennedy 1/2/13 (Charles, U.S. Wind Industry Rejoices as Tax Credit Scheme is Extended for One Year http://oilprice.com/Latest-Energy-News/World-News/U.S.-Wind-Industry-Rejoices-as-Tax-Credit-Scheme-is-Extended-for-One-Year.html
At the last hour, well technically after it, the …as no surprise that the production tax credit was extended.
Global wind expansion inevitable
Sahu ’13
Bikash Kumar Sahu, Moonmoon Hiloidhari, D.C. Baruah, Energy Conservation Laboratory, Department of Energy, Tezpur University, Tezpur, Assam 784028, India, "Global trend in wind power with special focus on the top five wind power producing countries," Renewable andSustainableEnergyReviews19(2013)348–359 In the last few decades the world has …power capacity will increase up to 600 and 1500 GW, respectively ~18~. Domestic Mining
Plan causes domestic mining
Johnson 12 ~Keith, "Bill Passes to Boost Rare-Earth Elements Production," 7-12, http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702303644004577523064235675688.html?mod=googlenews_wsj-http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052702303644004577523064235675688.html?mod=googlenews_wsj~~ Once self-sufficient in rare-earth minerals … production in recent years. REE shortages lead to recycling, mitigating the shortage and cause independence
Gooman 11’
U.S. Department of the Interior report. "Rare Earth Elements—End Use and Recyclability." Thomas G. Goonan. http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5094/pdf/sir2011-5094.pdf-http://pubs.usgs.gov/sir/2011/5094/pdf/sir2011-5094.pdf In the event of REE shortages, whether by …whose demand far exceeds the current supply (Bade, 2010) No pressure – recycling and phase outs
Field et all 12’
Elisa Alonso, Andrew M. Sherman, Timothy J. Wallington, Mark P. Everson, Frank R. Field, Richard Roth, and Randolph E. Kirchain. Massachusetts Institute of Technology comprehensive study. "Evaluating Rare Earth Element Availability: A Case with Revolutionary Demand from Clean Technologies." February 13, 2012. http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es203518 A key aspect of material markets is that price signals …. These issues should be considered carefully by interested stakeholders and future research on this topic. Shortages Now
Their Leethead evidence says there 17 rare earth elements
Supply shortages immanent even with reserves – china, extraction.
Giacalone12’
Joseph A. Giacalone, Ph.D., is Professor of Economics and Holder of the Henry George Chair in Economics, St. John’s University, USA. Dr. Giacalone earned his B.A. and Ph.D. at Columbia University and his MBA at St. John’s University. He previously served fifteen years as Associate Dean and four years as Dean of the College of Business Administration. His publications are in the areas of health care economics, business and economic history, economic thought, industry studies, and collegiate business education. Journal of International Energy Policy – Spring 2012 Volume 1, Number 1 The Market For The "Not-So-Rare" Rare Earth Elements Joseph A. Giacalone, St. John’s University, USA Many experts argue that there are sufficient world …anticipated future demand. Cars thump
Field et all 12’
Elisa Alonso, Andrew M. Sherman, Timothy J. Wallington, Mark P. Everson, Frank R. Field, Richard Roth, and Randolph E. Kirchain. Massachusetts Institute of Technology comprehensive study. "Evaluating Rare Earth Element Availability: A Case with Revolutionary Demand from Clean Technologies." February 13, 2012. http://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/es203518d Finally, two interesting conclusions emerge from these …especially in the case of Scenario D, results in higher ratios of Nd, Pr, and most significantly, Dy (Figure 4). |
| 02/13/2013 | Tournament: NU | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: Links to politics
Cardwell 1/30/13 LEGAL/REGULATORY JANUARY 30, 2013, 6:52 PM9 Comments Renewable Energy Industries Push for New Financing Options BY DIANE CARDWELL http://dealbook.nytimes.com/2013/01/30/renewable-energy-industries-push-for-new-financing-options/
It would take an act of Congress to change M.L.P.’s, … there is something in the plan to appeal to both Democrats and Republicans. Links to politics- needs congress
Rampton 6/8/12 (Roberta, Reuters, UPDATE 1-Tweaking US tax code could spur green energy-senator * Would give tax break to green energy projects * Administration eyes REIT tax break –analyst)
Coons said the bill could unleash "billions of dollars" in …, said Whitney Stanco, senior policy analyst with Guggenheim Partners. |
| 02/13/2013 | |
| 03/29/2013 | Tournament: NDT | Round: 1 | Opponent: Harvard BS | Judge: Meiches, Clark, Murray
advantage
While the American Electric Power decision greenlighted regulations, it has closed the door on compensatory for those seeking climate justice.
Burkett 11 - Professor of Law @ University of Hawaii Maxine Burkett, “Climate Justice and the Elusive Climate Tort,” The Yale Law Journal Online, 121 Yale L.J. Online 115 (2011), pg. http://yalelawjournal.org/2011/09/13/burkett.html. The Supreme Court’s decision in American Electric Power Co. v. Connecticut
AND
rectifying, at least in part, the losses of the climate vulnerable.
Using damages to support domestic clean development supports indigenous sustainable energy. This builds institutions dedicated to climate justice.
Burkett 08 - Professor of law @ University of Colorado Maxine Burkett, “Just Solutions to Climate Change: A Climate Justice Proposal for a Domestic Clean Development Mechanism,” Buffalo Law Review, 56 Buffalo L. Rev. 169, April 2008 There are as many possibilities in rural communities.247 Native wind projects, for
AND
the support of an independent, firmly established market infrastructure—the dCDM. We have lost the war to prevent warming. We must adapt our legal reasoning if we want to marshal the resources needed to cope
Craig 10 - Professor of Law and Associate Dean for Environmental Programs @ Florida State University Robin Kundis Craig, “'Stationarity is Dead' - Long Live Transformation: Five Principles for Climate Change Adaptation,” Harvard Environmental Law Review, Vol. 34, No. 1, 2010, pp. 9-75 Climate change is creating positive feedback loops that may irreversibly push ecosystems over ecological thresholds
AND
ecosystems cope with the changes that are coming. Pg. 13-16
A coping strategy is critical. Warming induced scarcity produces climate change hotspots.
Marlow and Barcelos 11 - Co-Executive Directors of the Three Degrees Project at the University of Washington School of Law Jennifer Marlow (JD from the University of Washington) and Jennifer Krencicki Barcelos (JD from the University of Washington), “Global Warring and the Permanent Dry: How heat threatens human security in a warmer world,” Seattle Journal of Environmental Law, 2011 Volume 1 Issue 19 2. Food and Water
Coupled with heat-related dangers to public health, the warmer world is likely
AND
weather changes that kill fish and farms.”51 pg. 28-29
South Asia, China and the Andean region will become war zones. Conflicts will escalate
Werz and Conley 12 - Senior Fellow @American Progress where his work as member of the National Security Team focuses on the nexus of climate change, migration, and security and emerging democracies and Research Associate for National Security and International Policy @ the Center for American Progress Michael Werz and Laura Conley, “Climate Change, Migration, and Conflict: Addressing complex crisis scenarios in the 21st Century,” Center for American Progress, January 2012 The costs and consequences of climate change on our world will define the 21st century
AND
all of which will affect food supplies. 19 Pg. 1-7
First, South Asia - Climate crisis there risks an all-out nuclear exchange that would decimate the region in minutes
Brennan 08 – Lieutenant in the United States Navy James F. Brennan, “The China-India-Pakistan Water Crisis: Prospects for Interstate Conflict,” Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS IN SECURITY STUDIES (FAR EAST, SOUTHEAST ASIA, PACIFIC) from the NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL, September 2008
India and Pakistan’s enduring rivalry provides the groundwork for an unpredictable
AND
as the United States, to motivate change. pg. 45-46
The war will not be limited. Indo-Sino-Paki war poses a unique extinction risk
Robock and Toon 10 - Professor of climatology at Rutgers University and Chair of atmospheric and oceanic scienc¬es @ University of Colorado-Boulder Allan Robock (Director of Rutger’s Center for Environmental Prediction) and Owen Brian Toon (Fellow of the Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics University of Colorado-Boulder, “Local Nuclear War,” Scientific American, January 2010 Ableism paraphrased Why discuss this topic now that the cold war has ended? Because as other
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India swamps its military bases with traditional forces. Pg. 74-75
Second, Chinese climate migration – It risks a war over the Russian Far East
Weitz 12 - Director of the Hudson Institute’s Center for Political-Military Analysis Richard Weitz, “Superpower Symbiosis: The Russia-China Axis,” World Affairs, November/December 2012, pg. http://tinyurl.com/cjcc3v2 A major worsening of China-Russia ties would actually represent a regression to the
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, when they competed to see which would achieve the one true communism.
Russia will fight to control the RFE. It can’t win without nuclear escalation
Rousseau 12 - Professor and Chair of Political Science and International Relations @ Khazar University Richard Rousseau, “Will China Colonize and Incorporate Siberia?,” Harvard International Review, July 9, 2012 | 12:07 AM, pg. http://tinyurl.com/c55zp3n If Siberia is in fact awaiting a Chinese Future, a number of scenarios might unfold over the next decade.
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the firing of live ammunition, simulated airborne assaults and amphibious assault landings.
Russian nuclear attack leaves the earth uninhabitable
Starr 10 - Director of Clinical Laboratory Science Program @ University of Missouri Steven Starr (Senior scientist @ Physicians for Social Responsibility.), “The climatic consequences of nuclear war” | Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, 12 March 2010, Pg. http://www.thebulletin.org/web-edition/op-eds/the-climatic-consequences-of-nuclear-war This isn't a question to be avoided. Recent scientific studies have found that a
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nuclear war would cause a global famine that could kill one billion people.
Third, The Andes water crisis – US response will set a precedent. Lack of adaptation assistance will force US military escalation
Somerville 11 - Medill National Security Reporting Project Heather Somerville (Graduate student at Northwestern's Medill School of Journalism, perusing a Masters of Science in Journalism), “Losing the Andes glaciers,” January 17, 2011 12:01 am, Global Warming: A project of a National Security Journalism Initiative, pg. http://global-warning.org/main/peru/ HUARAZ, Peru — Glacier melt hasn’t caused a national crisis in Peru, yet. AND
It will be the U.S. military that will respond to a climate change disaster.” The Andes precedent risks US military intervention of water disputes around the world
Healey 10 - Senior fellow @Harvard University's Kennedy School of Government Thomas Healey, “The Global Water Crisis Is Too Big to Ignore,” The Georgetown Public Policy Review, 16 Geo. Public Pol'y Rev. 63, 2010 - 2011 THE POTENTIAL FOR CONFLICTS
Dwindling or disappearing reserves of freshwater have far-reaching
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), a nonprofit company which conducts in-depth analyses for government leaders.
Each intervention risks uncontrolled nuclear escalation
Hellman 12 – Professor Emeritus of Electrical Engineering @ Stanford University Dr. Martin Hellman, War Games and Nuclear Risk,” Defusing the Nuclear Threat, November 25, 2012, pg. http://nuclearrisk.wordpress.com/2012/11/25/war-games-and-nuclear-risk/ A 2008 RAND Project Air Force report states:
In 2004, Director of Air Force Strategic Planning Major General
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S. war plans. Nuclear threats were gone. (page 89)
But is the nuclear threat gone today? The 2004 war games, described above, seem to indicate that threat is alive and well, as do recent implied US nuclear threats against both Russia and China – see my blog posts of November 10, September 28, and September 26 for details. And, as Prof. Bracken’s book ably demonstrates, nuclear proliferation and terrorism have added dangerous new dimensions. Conention 2
We solve – Our judicial precedent paves the way for a treaty that funds global adaptation programs
Abate 10 - Professor of Law @ Florida A and M University Randall S. Abate, “Public Nuisance Suits for the Climate Justice Movement: The Right Thing and the Right Time, Washington Law Review, Vol. 85 Iss. 197
B. Incorporating Climate Justice Principles into the Post-Kyoto Regime
As Kivalina-like litigation theories gain support in the courts in the United States
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constraints of current politics to a new era of responsibility and hope.387
The Kivalina case, and a narrow class of future cases like it, could be the bridge toward an era of increased hope for the victims of climate change impacts and a transition toward increased responsibility for the public and private entities that are principally responsible for those harms. Pg. 247-252
Our decision shifts public perceptions
Kilinski 09 – JD from Florida State University College of Law Jennifer Kilinski, International Climate Change Liability: A Myth or a Reality?, 18 J. Transnat’l L. and Pol’y 377, Spring 2009 However, if any case can contain the necessary elements to succeed in the near
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corresponding damages incurred by victims of climate change. Pg. 415-417
Nuisance damages will encourage generators to voluntarily pay for global adaption efforts
Cutting and Cahoon 08 - Professor of Environmental Studies @ UNC Wilmington and Professor of Biology and Marine Biology @ UNC Wilmington Robert H. Cutting and Lawrence B. Cahoon, “"The 'Gift' that Keeps on Giving: Global Warming Meets the Common Law," Vermont Journal of Environmental Law, 10 VJEL 109, 2008, Volume 10 B. Litigation
Much of the litigation of the past few years focused on federal resistance both to
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to develop their own creative solutions to the problems associated with GHG emissions.
The inability to immediately halt warming makes adaptation the only solution
Marlow and Barcelos 11 - Co-Executive Directors of the Three Degrees Project at the University of Washington School of Law Jennifer Marlow (JD from the University of Washington) and Jennifer Krencicki Barcelos (JD from the University of Washington), “Global Warring and the Permanent Dry: How heat threatens human security in a warmer world,” Seattle Journal of Environmental Law, 2011 Volume 1 Issue 19 The 2007 IPCC report defines adaptation as “the adjustment in natural or
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voluntary charitable giving campaigns are an inadequate substitute for a comprehensive adaptation response.
Humanitarian response cannot stand in for climate adaptation policy because climate changes are becoming irreversible.82 In a warmer world, drought endures; and in a state of permanent dry, drought will come again. Former United Nations Under-Secretary-General for Humanitarian Affairs Jan Egeland critiques humanitarian efforts for saving people’s lives today so that they can die tomorrow.83 Talking about Darfur at a 2008 Carnegie Council event, Egeland said:
Number one, it’s not enough with blankets and it’s not enough to keep people alive if there is no security and, now, durable political solutions. The story of Darfur, as I see it, is that we treated it as if it was a natural disaster, whereas it was manmade, from A to Z, as a war. It is exacerbated by climate change, but it was manmade, as a disaster.84 Pg. 35-39 Climate security discourse shifts the paradigm of security from competition to cooperation. Hugh DYER School of Politics and Interational Studies @ Leeds ‘8 “The Political Significance of 'Energy Security' and 'Climate Security'” Paper presented at British International Studies Association 33rd Annual Conference http://www.bisa.ac.uk/2008/pps/Dyer.pdf. Assumptions of structure Here we want to map a shift in the political point of
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reconsider the rules and purposes of the strategic context in which they act.
Greening climate geopolitics is better than trying to abandon security. Simon DALBY Geography @ Carleton ‘3 in A Companion to Political Geography ed. John Agnew p. 450-451 AND
and related to the expropriation of land and resources from distant rural communities. The 1AC is a challenge message not a threat message. That increases salience, collective action, and creative problem-solving. Robert BRULLE Sociology and Envt’l Science @ Drexel ’10 “From Environmental Campaigns to Advancing the Public Dialog: Environmental Communication for Civic Engagement” Environmental Communication 4 (1) p. 92 From Identity to Challenge Campaigns One of the most common assumptions in designing identity-
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Cole, 2009, p. 376; Witte and Allen, 2000).
climate adaptation framing re-politicizes the distribution of the harms of climate change. Lauren RICKARDS Victorian Centre for Climate Change Adaptation Research and the Melbourne School of Land and Environment, University of Melbourne ’10 “Governing the future under climate change: contested visions of climate change adaptation” VCCCAR Scenarios for Climate Adaptation Working Paper p.16 Scenarios are a means of developing and formalising alternative views of the future. Like
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, in particular, the question of whose values count via who participates. proposing alternative economics out of nowhere is of zero value. Economic reform towards sustainability is key. John BARRY Reader in Politics @ Belfast ‘7 “Towards a model of green political economy: from ecological modernisation to economic security” Int. J. Green Economics, Vol. 1, Nos. 3/4, 2007 p. 447-448 Economic analysis has been one of the weakest and least developed areas of broadly green
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-liberal’ (but certainly not anti-liberal) green perspective.1
Changing growth to adapt to climate change works – radical social change won’t. Manuel Arias-MALDONADO Poli Sci @ Malaga ’12 Real Green: Sustainability After the End of Nature p. 116-120 In principle, public opinion should just rely on science- hence the activity of
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- or, to be more accurate, it can be made true. |
| 03/29/2013 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: Harvard BS | Judge: Clark, Meiches, Murray
Fwk
Weight the aff
2AC perm – reformism
Perm do both.
- Reforming out of current economic systems is vital. We can’t start from an imagined future or wish away existing institutions. That’s Barry.
- Reforming growth is better than trying to wish it away. Provides resources necessary for adaptation and broad social change is impossible.
Aff reduces consumption - cutting
Reformist strategy has broad legitimacy that is key to success. John BARRY Reader in Politics @ Belfast ‘7 “Towards a model of green political economy: from ecological modernisation to economic security” Int. J. Green Economics, Vol. 1, Nos. 3/4, 2007 p. 460 acroynym clarified-Turner Viewed by itself, EM ecological modernisation is a reformist and limited strategy
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‘greenprint’ of an abstract and utopian vision of the ‘sustainable society’. Reform
Specific progress within existing economic and political institutions builds hope. Rejection and alternatives to economic opportunity lock the left into pessimism and social isolation.
Daniel INNERARITY Social and Political Philosophy @ Basque Country University ’12 The Future and its Enemies p. 114-123
Escaping Pessimism One of the characters from Goethe's Torquato Tasso has given us a maxim
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system's loss of relevance: the privatization of personal fulfillment; the barriers st Asdf
Structual transformation is compatible with policy fixes. The case is a pre-requisite for discursive shifts on energy use and environmental harm. Paul WAPNER Director of the Global Environmental Politics Program in the School of International Service at American University ‘8 “The Importance of Critical Environmental Studies in the New Environmentalism” Global Environmental Politics 8.1 p. MUSE 6-13
We are all familiar with the litany of environmental woes. Scientists tell us,
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incrementalism—specifying the relationship between superstructural policy reforms and structural political transformation. Yes vtl
Bernstein ‘2 (Richard J., Vera List Prof. Phil. – New School for Social Research, “Radical Evil: A Philosophical Interrogation”, p. 188-192)
This is precisely what Jonas does in The Phenomenon of Life, his rethinking of
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wholeness of Man among the objects of your will." (IR 11) alt Ethic of care generates imperial hierarchy. Their kritik denys users of energy technologies autonomy – this turns the alternative. Peter GRATTON Assistant Professor of Philosophy at the University of San Diego 8-4-‘10 “Taking Care of Youth and the Generations,” http://ndpr.nd.edu/news/24441-taking-care-of-youth-and-the-generations/ But I stop short when Stiegler argues we are creating a generation of "I
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," non-thinking, immature, etc.) is ominous (61). Ethic of care coopted for eugenics and family values. Richard IVESON PhD from the Centre for Cultural Studies at Goldsmiths, University of London, October 2012, “Rewiring the Brain or, Why our Children are not Human,” Parallax, Vol. 18, No. 4 p. 121 According to Stiegler, we are forever engaged in a ‘battle of intelligence for
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rewiring a remedy for ‘delinquency’ within a regime of enforced ‘care’.
Reject their framing of human-technological interaction. It’s over-simplified determinism. Richard IVESON PhD from the Centre for Cultural Studies at Goldsmiths, University of London, October 2012, “Rewiring the Brain or, Why our Children are not Human,” Parallax, Vol. 18, No. 4 p. 122-123 Psychotechnologies, in other words, eliminate the very thing that defines the human,
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out as the ‘proper’ humans amongst all us (other) animals. Resiliency empirically checks environmental impacts. Prefer our evidence—it cites the largest data sets.
Kareiva et al. 11—Peter Kareiva is a Breakthrough Institute Senior Fellow and chief scientist and vice president of The Nature Conservancy as well as a member of the National Academy of Sciences. Robert Lalasz is director of science communications for The Nature Conservancy. He is founding editor of the Conservancy's blog, “Cool Green Science.” Michelle Marvier is professor and department chair of Environmental Studies and Sciences at Santa Clara University. Fall, 2011, “Conservation in the Anthropocene,” Breakthrough Journal, No. 2, http://breakthroughjournal.org/content/authors/peter-kareiva-robert-lalasz-an-1/conservation-in-the-anthropoce.shtml As conservation became a global enterprise in the 1970s and 1980s, the movement's justification for saving nature shifted from spiritual and aesthetic values to focus on biodiversity. Nature was described as primeval, fragile, and at risk of collapse from too much human use and abuse. And indeed, there are consequences when humans convert landscapes for mining, logging, intensive agriculture, and urban development and when key species or ecosystems are lost.
But ecologists and conservationists have grossly overstated the fragility of nature, frequently arguing that
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as a threat to the delicate inner-workings of our planetary ecosystem.
The fragility trope dates back, at least, to Rachel Carson, who wrote
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poor, ecosystem degradation was simultaneously putting systems in jeopardy of collapse.24
The trouble for conservation is that the data simply do not support the idea of
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sea cow to the dodo, with no catastrophic or even measurable effects.
These stories of resilience are not isolated examples -- a thorough review of the scientific literature identified 240 studies of ecosystems following major disturbances such as deforestation, mining, oil spills, and other types of pollution. The abundance of plant and animal species as well as other measures of ecosystem function recovered, at least partially, in 173 (72 percent) of these studies.25
More alt
Investment in renewables better than transition through revolution and crisis.
Tim JACKSON Sustainable Development @ Surrey (UK) ‘9 Prosperity without Growth p.172-178
The economic crisis presents us with a unique opportunity to invest in change. To
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nature and role of property rights lies at the heart of these questions.
A2 reduce consumption
Alternative can’t solve—can’t convince people – and global markets offset low consumption Blake ALCOTT Ecological Economist Masters from Cambridge in Land Economy ‘8 The sufficiency strategy: Would rich-world frugality lower environmental impact? Ecological Economics 64 (4) p. Science Direct The environmental sufficiency strategy of greater consumer frugality has become popular in ecological economics,
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to stem climate change and the loss of vital species and natural resources.
Case is a pre-requisite to changes in the direction of consumption. Without growth and minimizing conflict resources get devoted to competition. Rasmus KARLSSON Poli Sci @ Lund ‘9 “A global Fordian compromise?—And what it would mean
for the transition to sustainability” Envt’l Science and Policy 12 p. 190-191 Though these caricatures may still hold true to a certain extent, I would argue
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enterprise and that we are all into this as one common human civilization.
Reducing consumption worst for billions dependent on high levels of global demand. It’s too complicated to reduce consumption without economic disaster. Rasmus KARLSSON Poli Sci @ Lund ‘9 “A global Fordian compromise?—And what it would mean
for the transition to sustainability” Envt’l Science and Policy 12 p. 191 Yet, this does not take away the impression that other environmental problems, and
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is not intricately connected to the provision of the daily bread of others.
Mikado = pick up sticks game Radical reduction in consumption is less sustainable – more vulnerable to resource bottlenecks, pandemics, asteroids. Rasmus KARLSSON Poli Sci @ Lund ‘9 “A global Fordian compromise?—And what it would mean
for the transition to sustainability” Envt’l Science and Policy 12 p. 192 Footnote added In the meantime, as the natural environment continues to deteriorate, political pressure for
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discussed earlier on and thus be susceptible to the same line of criticism. Impact
Nonfals
Military-industrial complex has no influence on foreign policy
Ripsman, 9 – Norrin M., Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, Concordia University (Neoclassical Realism, the State, and Foreign policy, pp 183. Edited by Steven E Lobell, Norrin M Ripsman, Jeffery W Talliaferro (professors of poli sci). )
Aside from a direct electoral payoff, political leaders are also interested in those domestic
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this one cluster of economic interests over other well-endowed interests.37 |
| 03/29/2013 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: Harvard BS | Judge: Meiches, Murray, Clark
A2 renenwables link
Plan is distributed regeneration – turns their offense, our aff’s technology encourage a relationship with the world and technology akin to gardening, an ethic that maintains respect for intrinsic value
Pierce and Paulos, 2010 James Pierce, Eric Paulos, researcher and Cooper-Siegel Endowed Chair at the Human-Computer Interaction Institute, Carnegie Mellon University “Materializing energy”, http://www.paulos.net/papers/2010/MaterializingEnergy_DIS2010.pdf
Focal engagement, effort and energy In Technology and the Character of Contemporary Life,
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the gas from the gas bottles.” 7, p.7. Warming
Inev Warming won’t cause extinction
Barrett, professor of natural resource economics – Columbia University, ‘7
(Scott, Why Cooperate? The Incentive to Supply Global Public Goods, introduction) First, climate change does not threaten the survival of the human species.5
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defense, but we would have done much more about it by now. No impact—mitigation and adaptation will solve—no tipping point or “1% risk” arguments
Mendelsohn 9—Robert O. Mendelsohn, the Edwin Weyerhaeuser Davis Professor, Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, Yale University, June 2009, “Climate Change and Economic Growth,” online: http://www.growthcommission.org/storage/cgdev/documents/gcwp060web.pdf The heart of the debate about climate change comes from a number of warnings from
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economic growth and well-being may be at risk (Stern 2006).
These statements are largely alarmist and misleading. Although climate change is a serious problem
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range climate risks. What is needed are long-run balanced responses. security Adaptioantion framing good – normative - Change the political terrain of security – results in ecological conceptions of politics
- Priority shift: including energy security changes priorities towards economic reform. That’s energy security discourse fosters interdependence-internal link turns their security impacts.
Maria Julia TROMBETTA Delft University of Technology ‘8 “The meaning and function of climate security” Paper prepared for the second WISC Conference Lujbljana 23-26 July 2008 What is at stake in the climate security discourse is the possibility of reintroducing a
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evident in the attempts to securitize a non traditional issue like climate change. Case outweighs—climate change is a greater risk than green biopolitics. Robyn ECKERSLEY Politcs @ Melbourne ‘4 The Green State p. 89-93 Green poststructuralists have likewise sought to deconstruct the disciplinary effects of biopower and green governmentality
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precisely where an ongoing green critical locus on the state can remain productive.
Cooption |
| 03/29/2013 | Tournament: NDT | Round: 1 | Opponent: Harvard BS | Judge:
Text: The United States federal judiciary should provide public nuisance compensation to climate justice claimants in the form of domestic clean development mechanism grants for wind power |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: ndt | Round: 4 | Opponent: liberty ls | Judge: lamballe, seungwon, kallmyer
001 Advantage _ - The Ocean Multiple recent studies confirm – offshore wind benefits marine ecology – trawling, reefs, shelter
CASEY 12 – 4 – 12 EWEA Staff Writer, Citing International and Swedish funded studies Zoë Casey, Offshore wind farms benefit sealife, says study, http://www.ewea.org/blog/2012/12/offshore-wind-farms-benefit-sealife-says-study/ Offshore wind farms can create a host of benefits for the local AND
they provide regeneration areas for fish and benthic populations,” she added.
Creates areas that resurrect damage done to the ocean – artificial reefs, checks bad practices
MUSIAL and BUTTERFIELD 06 National Renewable Energy Laboratory W. Musial and S. Butterfield, Energy from Offshore Wind, May 1–4, 2006, http://www.nrel.gov/wind/pdfs/39450.pdf Potential Environmental and Socio-Economic Issues. The full range of potential environmental impacts
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as well as indirect effects from demands of inputs from goods and services.
Realistically, there is no form of electric generation that can claim to be completely benign with respect to the environment. To provide a fair assessment of the alternatives, the environmental impact of a generating facility should be compared to the impact of an equivalent power plant using a competing fuel source with the same capacity. When this comparison is conducted, the potential impacts of offshore wind to the environment appear to very benign 34.
Trawling destroys the oceans
VINSON 06 JD Candidate, Georgetown University Anna, “Deep Sea Bottom Trawling and the Eastern Tropical Pacific Seascape: A Test Case for Global Action,” Georgetown International Environmental Law Review, Winter, 18 Geo. Int'l Envtl. L. Rev. 355 Every year an area of the ocean floor twice the size of the United States
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these seamounts and other deep sea structures clean, easily devastating entire ecosystems.
Recently, the United Nations declined to adopt a global moratorium to prohibit deep sea
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that such a ban in the Eastern Tropical Pacific Seascape should be adopted.
II. DEEP SEA BOTTOM TRAWLING
The unique characteristics of the deep sea, including remarkable habitats such as seamounts, make the deep sea ecologically invaluable. Unfortunately, anthropogenic activities threaten the health of the deep sea. One of the greatest threats is deep sea bottom trawling, the global significance of which is tremendous. The ecological impact of deep sea bottom trawling is so grave that the minimal economic benefit in no way justifies the practice. Overwhelms their resiliency argument
Zakaib 11 Gwyneth Dickey, Nature, “Overfishing hits all creatures great and small,” http://www.nature.com/news/2011/110503/full/news.2011.262.html
Large fish species are sensitive to industrial-scale fishing, so managers tend to
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together, all species end up having about the same probability of collapsing." We will cross critical tipping points
Summit Voice, 2012.
(“UC Santa Barbara researchers to try and establish early warning systems,” http://summitcountyvoice.com/2012/11/01/study-seeks-to-id-ocean-ecosystem-tipping-points/)
Marine researchers with UC Santa Barbara say they want to keep better tabs on potential ecosystem tipping
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coordination across sectors –– managers need more tools to operate at that scale.” extinction
Craig 3 - Associate Dean for Environmental Programs @ Florida State University Robin Kundis Craig, “ARTICLE: Taking Steps Toward Marine Wilderness Protection? Fishing and Coral Reef Marine Reserves in Florida and Hawaii,” McGeorge Law Review, Winter 2003, 34 McGeorge L. Rev. 155 Biodiversity and ecosystem function arguments for conserving marine ecosystems also exist, just as they
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, human degradation of marine ecosystems impairs the planet's ability to support life.
Maintaining biodiversity is often critical to maintaining the functions of marine ecosystems. Current evidence
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in Alaska. n861 Similar calculations could derive preservation values for marine wilderness.
However, economic value, or economic value equivalents, should not be "the
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its territory relatively pristine marine ecosystems that may be unique in the world. 010
Advantage 2 is the EU
Diverging energy policy will destroy US-EU energy cooperation key to solve a litany of impacts.
Koranyi 12—David Koranyi is the deputy director of the Atlantic Council's Dinu Patriciu Eurasia Center and the editor of the book Transatlantic Energy Futures - Strategic Perspectives on Energy Security, Climate Change and New Technologies in Europe and the United States September 4, 2012, “An Emerging Transatlantic Rift on Energy?” Natural Gas Europe, http://www.naturalgaseurope.com/romney-energy-policy-emerging-transatlantic-rift-on-energy
American and European energy markets are on a diverging path. The US has edged
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value gap that will undermine trust within the alliance is in nobody’s interest. Energy is the litmus test for the relationship
Koryani, 11—Hungarian diplomat, former Undersecretary of State, foreign policy and energy expert. He is also the Deputy Director of the Dinu Patriciu Eurasia Center of the Atlantic Council of the United State (David Editor, Tranatlantic Energy Futures, 2011, http://transatlantic.sais-jhu.edu/publications/books/Transatlantic_Energy_Futures/Transatlantic_Energy_Futures.pdf) What Brings Us Together...¶ Transatlantic cooperation is key to addressing all the above challenges
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strong conviction in the enduring prominence¶ and necessity of the transatlantic partnership. The plan is key
1.regulatory cooperation
Portman, 10 (Michelle, Assistant Professor, Environmental Planning, Technion. Marine Renewable Energy Policy, Oceanography, Vol. 23, No. 2, http://www.tos.org/oceanography/archive/23-2_portman.pdf)
In the regulatory sphere, countries¶ should cooperate to craft internationally¶ recognized standards
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from other¶ sectors, such as offshore mining and¶ commercial fishing.
It is natural that in the rush for renewable energy, developers in countries and
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, and avoiding conflicts in uses of ocean (and coastal) space.
Learning from a variety of international experiences can contribute a lot. Based on the experiences of other countries, particularly in Europe, with the right policies in place, US interests in the offshore renewable energy sector can be served by greater technological advances, continued cost reduction, and streamlined permitting. 2. Commercial linkages
Leone, 11—Associate Editor, RenewableEnergyWorld.com (Steve, “For Offshore Wind to Thrive, Collaboration A Must,” July 28th, 2011, http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/news/article/2011/07/for-offshore-wind-to-thrive-collaboration-a-must) New Hampshire, USA -- If the European Wind Energy Association projections prove accurate
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. How do you bring the cost down of deploying in deep water?” New unmanaged proliferation risks extinction
Cimbala, 2008
Stephen, Distinguished Prof. Pol. Sci. – Penn. State Brandywine, Comparative Strategy, “Anticipatory Attacks: Nuclear Crisis Stability in Future Asia”, 27, InformaWorld
If the possibility existed of a mistaken preemption during and immediately after the Cold War
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overturn these expectations for the obsolescence or marginalization of major interstate warfare. Unchecked Russian and Chinese expansionism causes global nuclear war
Stephen J. Blank, strategic Studies Institute's expert on the Soviet bloc and the post-Soviet world since 1989; former Associate Professor of Soviet Studies at the Center for Aerospace Doctrine, Research, and Education, Maxwell Air Force Base; B.A. in History from the University of Pennsylvania, and a M.A. and Ph.D. in History from the University of Chicago, March 2009. “RUSSIA AND ARMS CONTROL: ARE THERE OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE OBAMA ADMINISTRATION?”
Proliferators or nuclear states like China and Russia can then deter regional or intercontinental attacks
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perhaps make wars of aggression on their neighbors or their own people.172 Conflict in the Middle East escalates to a nuclear holocaust
London, professor emeritus of New York University, 6/23/10 Herbert, “The Coming Crisis in the Middle East”, http://www.hudson.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=publication_detailsandid=7101andpubType=HI_Opeds
The gathering storm in the Middle East is gaining momentum. War clouds are on
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and the prospect of a second holocaust could lead to a nuclear exchange. Coordination on regulatory issues is essential to US-EU FTA negotiations – that saves the European economy
Alden, 13—the Bernard L. Schwartz senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations, and was project director for the CFR Independent Task Force on U.S. Trade and Investment Policy (Edward, “U.S.-EU FTA Talks Chart a New Path for Global Trade,” March 13th, 2013, http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/12787/u-s-eu-fta-talks-chart-a-new-path-for-global-trade) The negotiations will carry much symbolic weight as well. The economic boost is anticipated
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the U.S. could make it easier to tackle these issues. Eurozone collapse causes World War III
Gommes, 11 -- former Columbia Law Review senior editor
(Thomas, publisher of Periscope Post, former corporate lawyer, "Eurozone in crisis: The death of the euro could trigger World War III," 12-9-11, www.periscopepost.com/2011/12/eurozone-in-crisis-the-death-of-the-euro-could-trigger-world-war-iii/, accessed 10-23-12, ) Eurozone in crisis: The death of the euro could trigger World War III The
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solution to problems, or at minimum an acceptable response to perceived slights. 011
Advantage 3 is federalism
Offshore wind is the critical test case for federalism
Russell, ‘3 Robert H. Russell, J.D., Harvard Law School. Mr. Russell teaches environmental law in the graduate program at Tufts University. “NEITHER OUT FAR NOR IN DEEP: THE PROSPECTS FOR UTILITY-SCALE WIND POWER IN THE COASTAL ZONE”. http://www.bc.edu/dam/files/schools/law/lawreviews/journals/bcealr/31_2/02_TXT.htm
*PG232II. Coastal Management: A Regulatory Collage
Expansive near-shore wind development is likely to attract controversy and opposition.59
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The state territorial sea and its coastal zone represent an important but untapped renewable energy
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significance may go the way of the lone turbine atop Grandpa’s Knob.207 The plan creates a process preemption framework
Stein, ‘9 Amy L. Stein, Associate Professor of Law, Tulane University Law School. “AN ENHANCED FEDERAL ROLE IN RENEWABLE ENERGY SITING”. http://czarnezki.files.wordpress.com/2010/09/vls-ss-an-enhanced-federal-role-in-renewable-energy-siting.docx
2. Process Preemption
Although full preemption of siting decisions is likely untenable, the federal government could preempt a
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encourage the development of renewable energy by removing state barriers to renewable energy.
Process preemption injects dynamic federalism into energy law
Ofosky and Wiseman, ‘12 Hari M. Osofsky is an Associate Professor and 2011 Lampert Fesler Research Fellow, University of Minnesota Law School. Hannah J. Wiseman is an Assistant Professor at the Florida State University College of Law. “Dynamic Energy Federalism”. Minnesota Legal Studies Research Paper No. 12-44 . http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2138127anddownload=yes
A. Limits of Current Approaches to Energy Federalism
An extensive legal literature has thoroughly explored many variations of federalism, including a rapidly
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challenges and possibilities for institutional innovation discussed in Section III and the Conclusion.
Now is key. Energy policy will determine the direction of federalism
Ofosky and Wiseman, ‘12 Hari M. Osofsky is an Associate Professor and 2011 Lampert Fesler Research Fellow, University of Minnesota Law School. Hannah J. Wiseman is an Assistant Professor at the Florida State University College of Law. “Dynamic Energy Federalism”. Minnesota Legal Studies Research Paper No. 12-44 . http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2138127anddownload=yes
II. FEDERALISM CHALLENGES TO ENERGY TRANSFORMATION
The production and movement of energy presents one of the greatest governance challenges of our
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behind decisions about interactions of governmental and nongovernmental actors across levels of government.
This Part provides three maps of energy governance and its challenges. First, it
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already complex federalist dimensions to further concentrate barriers to effective and dynamic governance. Dynamic federalism is key to legitimate human rights commitments
Kalb 10 - Professor of Law @ Loyola University Johanna Kalb, “Dynamic Federalism in Human Rights Treaty Implementation,” Tulane Law Review, Vol. 84, 2010. In Part III, I propose that applying a dynamic federalist model to VCCR implementation
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¶ effective internalization and implementation of the United States’ international human rights commitments.
Finally, in Part IV, I extend this model to other international¶ human rights treaties. Due to the way in which many of these treaties¶ have been adopted, states arguably have the primary obligation to¶ interpret and implement them. Nonetheless, most have failed to take up the mantle of enforcement. I contend that a dynamic federalist model of treaty implementation could help motivate state involvement and legitimate the resulting activity. Pg. 1030-1031
That’s key to global legal checks against drone use
Roth 13 - Executive director of Human Rights Watch, one of the world's leading international human rights organizations Kenneth Roth, “What Rules Should Govern US Drone Attacks?,” Human Rights Watch, March 11, 2013, pg. http://tinyurl.com/a7p38qo As bits and pieces of the Obama administration’s legal justifications for its drone attacks trickle
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it reportedly considered using a drone to kill a drug trafficker in Burma.
The impact is global wars. Drone weaken norms against war
Cortright 11 - Director of policy studies for the Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies @ University of Notre Dame. David Cortright (Professor of peace studies and nonviolent social change @ University of Notre Dame), “The scary prospect of global drone warfare,” CNN, updated 2:26 PM EDT, Wed October 19, 2011, pg. http://www.cnn.com/2011/10/19/opinion/cortright-drones What kind of a future are we creating for our children? We face the prospect of a world in which every nation will have drone
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as 775 civilians among the dead, including as many as 170 children.
Dynamic federalism is key to fracking regulation
Powers, ’11 Emily C. Powers, J.D. Candidate, Brooklyn Law School. Journal of Law and Policy. “FRACKING AND FEDERALISM: SUPPORT FOR AN ADAPTIVE APPROACH THAT AVOIDS THE TRAGEDY OF THE REGULATORY COMMONS”. LexisNexis.
2. Adaptive Federalism and the Regulatory Commons
One theory has recently emerged that describes an "ecological" approach to environmental federalism
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problems will be pushed off onto those who are not politically accountable. n282 Key to prevent catastrophic water contamination
Argetsinger, 11 -- J.D. Candidate, Certificate in Environmental Law, Pace Law School
(Beren, Pace Environmental Law Review, "The Marcellus Shale: Bridge to a Clean Energy Future or Bridge to Nowhere?," 29 Pace Envtl. L. Rev. 321, Fall 2011, l/n, accessed 5-24-12, mss) As noted above, the EIA's long-term projections estimate that over forty-
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it's not clear we have a plan for properly handling this waste. n74 Extinction
WWP, 10
(Western Watersheds Project, "Protecting Watersheds," 2010, www.westernwatersheds.org/issues/protecting-watersheds, accessed 5-29-12, mss)
Protecting Watersheds A watershed is land that contributes water to a stream, river,
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important than in the arid West which is literally running out of water. Dynamic environmental federalism gets modeled globally
SOVACOOL 08 Research Fellow in the Energy Governance Program at the Centre on Asia and Globalization, Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy at the National University of Singapore. Adjunct Assistant Professor at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute Benjamin K. Sovacool, The Best of Both Worlds: Environmental Federalism and the Need for Federal Action on Renewable Energy and Climate Change, Stanford Environmental Law Journal, Date: June 1, 2008 Part Four posits a theory for when the federal government should intervene within the states to address environmental issues—effectively replacing a “devolved” federalist stance with a more “interactive” and “dynamic” federalism that learns from state experiences but ultimately sets a minimum national standard for environmental protection. This stance captures a number of benefits from devolved and centralized theories of federalism while avoiding many of their deficiencies.
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scale becomes even more important for the signal it sends to the world.
Dynamic federalism creates a flexible legal response necessary for climate adaptation
Burleson, ’11 Professor Elizabeth Burleson has a L.L.M. from the London School of Economics and a J.D. from the University of Connecticut School of Law. She has written reports for the United Nations and teaches at the Pace Law School. “ENERGY REVOLUTION AND DISASTER RESPONSE IN THE FACE OF CLIMATE CHANGE”. Villanova Environmental Law Journal, Vol. 22, No. 169, 2011. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1962375 Emergency preparedness requires substantive and procedural coordination to harmonize initiatives at various levels of governance
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in the face of fires, floods, and other potential disasters. 17
III. CHANGE IS THE ONLY CONSTANT: RESILIENCE AND
COLLABORATIVE ADAPTIVE MANAGEMENT
“Adaptation policy must operate at all scales in an interconnected network of decision making
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resilience efforts at all scales that remain mindful of human and ecological vulnerabilities.
global wars
Werz and Conley 12 - Senior Fellow @American Progress where his work as member of the National Security Team focuses on the nexus of climate change, migration, and security and emerging democracies and Research Associate for National Security and International Policy @ the Center for American Progress Michael Werz and Laura Conley, “Climate Change, Migration, and Conflict: Addressing complex crisis scenarios in the 21st Century,” Center for American Progress, January 2012 The costs and consequences of climate change on our world will define the 21st century
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all of which will affect food supplies. 19 Pg. 1-7 South Asian climate crisis goes nuclear
Brennan 08 – Lieutenant in the United States Navy James F. Brennan, “The China-India-Pakistan Water Crisis: Prospects for Interstate Conflict,” Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS IN SECURITY STUDIES (FAR EAST, SOUTHEAST ASIA, PACIFIC) from the NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL, September 2008
India and Pakistan’s enduring rivalry provides the groundwork for an unpredictable relationship between these regional powers. The partition instilled a mutual distrust that persists today. Exacerbated by the growing water crisis, the potential for conflict between these countries is high. Furthermore, the possession of nuclear weapons by these countries raises the stakes of the game.
The potential for all-out nuclear exchange is low. However, the potential
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long-term effects on regional security would last for decades to follow.
The stability of the South Asian region is important for a number of reasons.
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as the United States, to motivate change. pg. 45-46 Second, Chinese climate migration – It risks a war over the Russian Far East
Weitz 12 - Director of the Hudson Institute’s Center for Political-Military Analysis Richard Weitz, “Superpower Symbiosis: The Russia-China Axis,” World Affairs, November/December 2012, pg. http://tinyurl.com/cjcc3v2 A major worsening of China-Russia ties would actually represent a regression to the
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containment strategy designed to balance, though not prevent, China’s rising power.
Heightened China-Russia tensions over border regions are also a possibility. The demographic
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terms of territory, China has more than nine times as many people.
With the end of the NATO combat role in Afghanistan, an immediate source of
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, when they competed to see which would achieve the one true communism.
Russia will fight to control the RFE. It can’t win without nuclear escalation
Rousseau 12 - Professor and Chair of Political Science and International Relations @ Khazar University Richard Rousseau, “Will China Colonize and Incorporate Siberia?,” Harvard International Review, July 9, 2012 | 12:07 AM, pg. http://tinyurl.com/c55zp3n If Siberia is in fact awaiting a Chinese Future, a number of scenarios might unfold over the next decade. The worst-case scenario for Russia is not only the continuation of ethnic Chinese migration but a substantial rise of it in response to changes taking place in northern China. Russia’s Far East would then become predominantly inhabited by ethnics Chinese, resulting in a decisive change in the nature of a region already far-removed from European Russia.
Military aggression, which seems highly improbable for now, cannot be totally ruled out
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the Russian Army is still a frightening force and should not be underestimated.
For instance, in June and July 2010, Russian armed forces conducted Vostok 2010
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the firing of live ammunition, simulated airborne assaults and amphibious assault landings. 100 Plan Plan --- The United States federal government should determine federal law precludes relevant state and local restrictions on offshore wind energy.
1ac
DOI can do the plan. Removing state and local restrictions for offshore wind solves.
EBERHARDT 06 B.A., 1998, Swarthmore (Biology); M.F.S., 2001, Harvard; J.D. Candidate, 2006, New York University School of Law. Senior Notes Editor, 2005-2006, New York University Environmental Law Journal Robert W. Eberhardt, FEDERALISM AND THE SITING OF OFFSHORE WIND ENERGY FACILITIES, New York University Environmental Law Journal, 14 N.Y.U. Envtl. L.J. 374 Changes to regulatory regimes that govern the use of submerged lands likely will play a
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environmental benefits promised by would-be developers of offshore wind energy facilities.
States generally have demonstrated an ability to consider horizontal spillovers in their policies towards offshore
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aggressive than the federal government in attempts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. n189
In the future, if states definitively show inattention to positive horizontal spillovers, then
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opportunities to consult with FERC on safety concerns related to pending applications. n191
Section 311 clearly illustrates the ability for federal legislation to strip states of regulatory authority
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wind energy facilities, federal legislation akin to Section 311 would be justified.
Conclusion
The growing general interest in wind energy development and the dispute surrounding Cape Wind has
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that the state regulatory regimes develop that fail to consider positive interstate spillovers.
Current framework dooms offshore wind – even while onshore wind blows up.
SCHROEDER 10 J.D., University of California, Berkeley, School of Law, 2010. M.E.M., Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, 2004; B.A., Yale University, 2003 Erica Schroeder, COMMENT: Turning Offshore Wind On, October, 2010, California Law Review, 98 Calif. L. Rev. 1631 In spite of the impressive growth in the U.S. wind industry,
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. n16 The nation has failed to take advantage of this promising resource.
This failure can be ascribed in part to the unevenly balanced distribution of the costs
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, and inadequate attention has been paid to its wide-ranging benefits.
The Cape Wind project in Massachusetts is a stark example of how local forces have
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the impetus that offshore wind power needs for success in the United States.
Solving regulatory confusion is necessary and sufficient
POWELL 12 J.D. Candidate, Boston University School of Law, 2013; B.A. Environmental Economics, Colgate University, 2007 Timothy H. Powell, REVISITING FEDERALISM CONCERNS IN THE OFFSHORE WIND ENERGY INDUSTRY IN LIGHT OF CONTINUED LOCAL OPPOSITION TO THE CAPE WIND PROJECT, Boston University Law Review, December, 2012, 92 B.U.L. Rev. 2023 IV. The Problem and a Proposed Solution
A. The Problem: Failure in the Current Federal-State Balance of Powers
Interest in developing offshore wind energy projects in the United States has increased dramatically
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the federal approval process and the inherently local nature of offshore wind energy.
Both the opposition by the Wampanoag Tribe and the overruling of the FAA's approval further
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to express their various views in opposition to the Cape Wind project. n151
To date, the overruling of the FAA's approval is the only legal victory on
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and optimally allocate the harvesting of coastal wind energy throughout the United States. |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: ndt | Round: 4 | Opponent: liberty ls | Judge: kall, lamb, seun
2AC—China leadership DA Not a DA – no ev says it reduces Chinese renewables not zero sum – the result is cooperation
Larson, ’10 - Christina Larson is a journalist focusing on international environmental issues, based in Beijing and Washington, D.C “America’s Unfounded Fears of A Green-Tech Race with China”. Environment360. http://e360.yale.edu/feature/americas_unfounded_fears_of_a_green-tech_race_with_china/2238/
“Even when you are looking at these big numbers that are coming out of
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than what is blasted on the business section of the New York Times.”
The first essential fact to be aware of is that most news stories about China’s
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government investment, Chinese factories have planned for and stepped up production accordingly.
Yes, this is bad news for U.S. cities like Detroit,
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and other positions already arising to support the growing green-tech field.
Besides green-tech hardware, there’s also the question of the technology that enables
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interest, but people do not trust that their findings will be protected.”
Similar concerns have, for the past two decades, grounded Beijing’s attempts to build a domestic airline industry, considered the pinnacle of high-tech manufacturing. Foreign companies and top-notch engineers have simply been unwilling to share technology with China (Boeing has even avoided building factories in China, for fear of commercial espionage). The result: Planes that fly from Beijing to Shanghai today are still built by Boeing and Airbus.
Of course, most green-energy equipment won’t match the complexity of assembling something like Boeing’s new Dreamliner, but the airplane situation sheds light on two points: that cheap labor is hardly the only factor driving business decisions, and that, despite substantial government support, China’s domestic aerospace engineers have not yet produced research to rival that of Western competitors. (China’s university system and research labs are famously politically constrained, limiting their ability to attract top global talent.)
Of course, China would like to change this. Beijing is doing its best
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money alone can clone a Steve Jobs or Bill Gates or Sergey Brin.
This should allay some anxiety in Washington about America having fallen behind, but it is not a reason to become complacent. America has neither relinquished, nor is forever assured, her innovation crown.
Meanwhile, folks in the green-tech and environmental frontlines — as opposed to
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and the final equation doesn’t have to be a zero-sum game.
“For now at least, there is a great symbiotic relationship with California and
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technology, it might begin to recognize its own strengths in this field. Europe links – outweighs US
Larson, ’10 - Christina Larson is a journalist focusing on international environmental issues, based in Beijing and Washington, D.C “America’s Unfounded Fears of A Green-Tech Race with China”. Environment360. http://e360.yale.edu/feature/americas_unfounded_fears_of_a_green-tech_race_with_china/2238/
It is telling what is left out of the increasingly dominant “U.S
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headlines about Old Europe “cleaning our clock” to the 21st century.
“You haven’t seen this green-tech race raised over last 10 years while the Europeans have been innovating in this space more than the U.S.,” says Charles McElwee, an international environmental lawyer for Squires, Samson, and Dempsey based in Shanghai, “although that would have made more sense than a U.S. versus China frame.”
No threshold – PTC proves wind in Central Appalachia would be insufficient to tip Chinese supply over the edge The Chinese wind industry is unsustainable.
Wanga 12 (Zhongying – Energy Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), PR China, Haiyan Qinb – China General Certification Center (CGC), PR China, Joanna I. Lewisc – Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service, Georgetown University – United States, China's wind power industry: Policy support, technological achievements, and emerging challenges, Energy Policy, Volume 51, December 2012, Pages 80–88) 3. Obstacles to continued success
While China's wind power achievements are certainly remarkable, several challenges to its sustained growth
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and poses a long-term threat to the sustainability of the industry.
3.1. Grid barriers
Although several regions in China have rich wind power resources conducive to becoming sites for
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, so transmission lines specifically to connect wind power facilities are frequently needed.
Once wind farms have been connected to the electric grid, additional challenges result when
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(GW) wind power bases are developed over the next few years.
3.2. Policy and regulatory issues
The Renewable Energy Law and its associated measures have established a framework for the large-scale development of wind power in China. While many of the core policies have only been in place for a short time, several deficiencies are already becoming clear. In some cases, policies have unintended consequences which do not become clear until after they are implemented.
An example of a policy that resulted in both positive and negative consequences for the
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, and as a result likely contributed to increased investment in wind power.
A less positive, perhaps unintended outcome from the shift has been the reduction of
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content policies have also been increasingly subject to international scrutiny under WTO disputes.
3.3. Limited innovation
China's wind turbine manufacturers have made great strides in developing advanced wind power technology.
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turbine designs due the need for additional third-party certification and testing.
3.4. Technical flaws
China has experienced dramatic wind power deployment in a relatively short timeframe. Few turbine
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systems have broken down, or in some cases have experienced dangerous failures.
Systemic technology failures have been very common in the wind power industry, particularly in
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and by association it could be devastating for the entire Chinese wind industry. |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: ndt | Round: 4 | Opponent: liberty ls | Judge: kall lamb seung
2AC electricity prices
OSW is uniquely key to solve electricity demand in the United States
Schroeder 10 Erica, J.D. from University of California, Berkeley, School of Law, 2010. And Masters in Environmental Management from Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, “Turning Offshore Wind On”, California Law Review Many of the most compelling benefits of offshore wind are similar to those of onshore
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and many states would have enough to meet their total electricity demand.78 Investor withdrawal from gas will cause price spikes
Kobb, 2/18/13 Kurt Cobb is an author, speaker, and columnist focusing on energy and the environment. Resilience (a project of the Post Carbon Institute). “Investors are subsidizing natural gas consumers. But it won't last.”. http://www.csmonitor.com/Environment/Energy-Voices/2013/0218/Investors-are-subsidizing-natural-gas-consumers.-But-it-won-t-last
Investors have essentially subsidized natural gas through huge loss-making investments, creating an
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will dare to take the necessary steps to bring on significant new supply.
Which begs the question: What if drillers and investors wait that long to move back into the natural gas fields in force?
Petroleum geologist Jeffrey Brown of Export Land Model fame offered a startling response in a conversation at a recent conference I attended. The production decline rates of the shale gas wells that are providing the bulk of new U.S. supplies are so high—60 percent in the first year and up to 85 percent by the end of the second year—that we may never be able to return to today’s production level.
That would certainly put the nail in the coffin of the natural gas abundance narrative.
Wind power key to stabilize against price spikes.
Matthew Wald, 2/17/2013. “Could Wind Power Cool New England’s Price Fever?” New York Times, http://green.blogs.nytimes.com/2013/02/17/could-wind-power-cool-new-englands-price-fever/. As I reported in Saturday’s paper, New England is experiencing a remarkable spike in electricity prices brought on by high heating demand and rising natural gas prices for electric generators.
What role, if any, could renewable energy play in solving this problem?
At the Union of Concerned Scientists, the senior energy analyst Michael B. Jacobs
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spike if you have more renewables in your portfolio,’’ he said.
Wind advocates made a similar argument when the price of natural gas was high about five years ago: that even if wind energy was expensive, it could have a major impact on the price of gas by cutting demand slightly. In the commodity markets, small shortages or surpluses can result in huge price swings.
Economy resilient to high prices.
Lotterman, ’12 Ed, professor of economics at Augsburg College. “High gas prices have been around before”. http://www.edlotterman.com/2012/03/18/high-gas-prices-have-been-around-before/#.USjl-6WyCds
The U.S. economy, like other market economies, is more resilient than many people give it credit for. It can adjust to higher energy prices, just as it repeatedly has in the past. And, if history and economic theory are guides, sharp increases in the price of any resource usually are followed by long periods in which prices rise by less than average inflation.
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half as much energy relative to GDP as we did 40 years ago.
Moreover, we can continue to improve. Countries including the United Kingdom, Germany and Japan produce 20 percent to 30 percent more GDP per unit of energy used than we do, with comparable median household incomes.
Grid parity solves the link
Randall, 3/14/12 - Tom Randall is a deputy sustainability editor for Bloomberg News “Wind Innovations Drive Down Costs, Stock Prices”. Bloomberg. http://go.bloomberg.com/multimedia/wind-innovations-drive-down-costs-stock-prices/
The world’s wind-power capacity increased 113-fold over the past 20 years. As installations increase, turbines become more
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"The cost of producing wind energy needs to come down to reach parity," said Stefan Linder, an analyst at Bloomberg New Energy Finance. "However in the best locations onshore wind is already competitive with fossil fuel electricity, and most wind farms in fair resource areas will be at parity by 2016." New regulations cause price spikes
Michael Bastasch 11/7 The Daily Caller News Foundation http://dailycaller.com/2012/11/07/energy-industry-could-be-hit-by-tougher-regulations-in-obama-second-term/2/ The energy industry could see itself under a renewed attack by regulators and environmental groups
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trying to claim that fracking has caused groundwater contamination, and it hasn’t.” US not key
Empirics prove no war.
Miller 1—Morris Miller is an adjunct economics professor at the University of Ottawa Jan.-Mar, 2001, “Poverty: A Cause of War?” Peace Magazine, http://peacemagazine.org/archive/v17n1p08.htm
Economic Crises?
Some scholars have argued that it is not poverty, as such, that contributes
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of the conventional thinking about the political impact of economic crisis is wrong:
"The severity of economic crisis—as measured in terms of inflation and negative growth—bore no relationship to the collapse of regimes ... or (in democratic states, rarely) to an outbreak of violence... In the cases of dictatorships and semi-democracies, the ruling elites responded to crises by increasing repression (thereby using one form of violence to abort another)." |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: NDT | Round: 4 | Opponent: liberty ls | Judge: kall lamb seung
2AC – immigration
2AC cyber
Cyberwar is hype
Rid 12—reader in war studies at King's College London, is author of "Cyber War Will Not Take Place" and co-author of "Cyber-Weapons." March/April, 2012, Thomas Rid, “Think Again: Cyberwar,” http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2012/02/27/cyberwar?page=full "Cyberwar Is Already Upon Us."
No way. "Cyberwar is coming!" John Arquilla and David Ronfeldt predicted in
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explore the threats of cyberwarfare, cyberterrorism, and how to survive them.
Time for a reality check: Cyberwar is still more hype than hazard. Consider the definition of an act of war: It has to be potentially violent, it has to be purposeful, and it has to be political. The cyberattacks we've seen so far, from Estonia to the Stuxnet virus, simply don't meet these criteria.
Claims of high-skilled labor shortages used distorted data.
Daniel Costa, 11/19/2012. Attorney and immigration policy analyst. His areas of research include a wide range of labor migration issues, including the management of U.S. guest worker programs, both high- and less-skilled migration, and immigrant workers’ rights. “STEM labor shortages?Microsoft report distorts reality about computing occupations,” Economic Policy Institute, http://www.epi.org/publication/pm195-stem-labor-shortages-microsoft-report-distorts/. Microsoft Corporation recently published a report warning that there will not be enough American college
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for “researchers, developers and engineers” (Microsoft 2012, 3).
As part of its analysis, the Microsoft report asserts that the U.S
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limited job openings available in the stagnating U.S. labor market.
2AC - immigration
Won’t pass – don’t buy their lies
HAMILTON 2 – 28 – 13 Lamron Staff Writer – SUNY Geneso Bella Hamilton, On immigration reform, Obama and Congress must compromise, http://www.thelamron.com/opinion/on-immigration-reform-obama-and-congress-must-compromise-1.3001746 It is impossible to ignore the extent of America’s political disunity. In the current political climate, any show of bipartisanship, no matter how disingenuous, is praised. Recent immigration reform proposals are no exception.
The original plan, devised by a bipartisan group of senators, proposes an overhaul
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Congress’ supposed bipartisanship is a smokescreen. In this period of dissent, the public clings to anything remotely positive. It’s a win-win situation: Both parties, in hedging a flimsy compromise, strengthen their constituencies. The president has already benefited; his approval rating is the highest it has been since 2009. Obama’s capital is irrelevant
AP 3 – 27 – 13 http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5iro-yOddbr4F_vTzZD1xgFv9KNJQ?docId=ef575ceb4bce4bc2a8e706f72dda1718 While overhauling the nation's patchwork immigration laws is a top second term priority for the president, he has ceded
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In an effort to keep Republicans at the negotiation table, Obama has stayed relatively quiet on immigration over the last month. He rolled out his immigration principles during a January rally in Las Vegas and made an impassioned call for overhauling the nation's laws during his early February State of the Union address, then purposely handed off the effort to lawmakers.
U - generic
No PC – Obama needs a win
THE HILL 3 – 20 – 13 Amie Parnes and Justin Sink, Obama honeymoon may be over, http://thehill.com/homenews/administration/289179-obama-honeymoon-may-be-over The second-term honeymoon for President Obama is beginning to look like it is over.
Obama, who was riding high after his reelection win in November, has seen his poll numbers take a precipitous fall in
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“He has the opportunity to take minor legislative victories and blow them up into major accomplishments – meaning if he got something on gun control, he can tout that that was part of his agenda and the work isn’t over. If he were able to strike a grand bargain with Republicans, that’d be a legacy issue.”
Still, Bonjean added, “It’s not looking so good right now.”
Gun vote first – Obama pushing
PBS NEWS 3 – 28 – 13 http://www.pbs.org/newshour/rundown/2013/03/gay-marriage-cases-now-in-justices-hands.html While Mr. Obama pressures Congress to adopt gun control legislation when it returns from
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should tell Mr. Obama something about the Senate's support for gun rights.
If Majority Leader Harry Reid, D-Nev., can't round up the 60 votes needed to pass Democrats' legislation, Sen. Chuck Grassley, R-Iowa, may be ready with what one GOP aide called "a break-the-glass kit." Grassley, the only Republican on the Judiciary Committee to support tougher penalties for straw purchases, is drafting an alternative gun control bill, presumably without the expanded background checks that he has opposed and which are central to the Democrats' bill.
Internal link D
Obama doesn’t push the plan and DOI solves the link.
MENDELSON 10 Professor of Law – University of Michigan Law School Nina A. Mendelson, “Disclosing “Political” Oversight of Agency Decision Making,” Michigan Law Review, Vol. 108, p.1127-1175, http://www.michiganlawreview.org/assets/pdfs/108/7/mendelson.pdf
Even if presidential supervision of agency decisions is well known to the voting population,
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this amounts to reduced electoral accountability for actions taken by administrative agencies. 188 Even if pc matters, issues are compartmentalized
LEE 05 The Rose Institute of State and Local Government – Claremont McKenna College – Presented at the Georgia Political Science Association 2005 Conference
Andrew, “Invest or Spend?:Political capital and Statements of Administration Policy in the First Term of the George W. Bush Presidency,” http://a-s.clayton.edu/trachtenberg/2005%20Proceedings%20Lee.pdf
Instead of investing political capital, the president may spend it on an initiative. When spending political capital, the president
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president has greater flexibility to take stands on particular issues. This analysis is a case study of the first Bush term’s adherence to this hypothesis. Offense Collins turn
Conathon, 2/28/13 Michael Conathan is the Director of Ocean Policy at American Progress. “Making the Economic Case for Offshore Wind”. Center for American Progress. http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/green/report/2013/02/28/54988/making-the-economic-case-for-offshore-wind/
The U.S. offshore wind industry is emerging from the political doldrums that
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moving them closer to renewable energy targets and away from polluting fossil fuels.
Key to agenda
Portland Press Herald, ’12 Nov 23. “Collins’ Clout: is it likely to grow?”. http://www.pressherald.com/news/centrist-clout-seen-for-collins_2012-11-23.html?pageType=mobileandid=1
WASHINGTON - The departure of Olympia Snowe and other like-minded moderates from the U.S. Senate next year could further elevate Republican Sen. Susan Collins as a swing vote despite a larger Democratic majority, say some political observers.
Collins, meanwhile, said she is optimistic that some of the new and returning senators will prove wrong the predictions of a "disappearing center."
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Among Republicans, Collins will be the ninth-highest member and the most senior Republican woman.
Seniority affects a senator's clout and his or her ability to land positions on powerful committees, where most legislative work occurs.
Winners Win and political capital is stupid
HIRSH 2 – 7 – 13 chief correspondent for National Journal, previously served as the senior editor and national economics correspondent for Newsweek. Overseas Press Club award for best magazine reporting from abroad in 2001 and for Newsweek’s coverage of the war on terror, which also won a National Magazine Award Michael Hirsh, There’s No Such Thing as Political Capital, http://www.nationaljournal.com/magazine/there-s-no-such-thing-as-political-capital-20130207
But the abrupt emergence of the immigration and gun-control issues illustrates how suddenly
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suddenly woke up in panic to the huge disparity in the Hispanic vote.
Some political scientists who study the elusive calculus of how to pass legislation and run
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change positions to get on the winning side. It’s a bandwagon effect.” Bipartisan – spun as a jobs issue.
Savitz 11 Bipartisan House Bill Seeks to Jump Start U.S. Offshore Wind Development, All Press Releases… Provides Renewed Incentive to Stimulate Investment, Create Jobs and Increase Clean Energy Production, http://oceana.org/en/news-media/press-center/press-releases/bipartisan-house-bill-seeks-to-jump-start-us-offshore-wind-development U.S. House Representatives Pascrell (D-NJ-8) and
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jobs and sustained domestic economic growth from a clean, infinite energy resource. |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: ndt | Round: 4 | Opponent: liberty ls | Judge: lamb kall seung
Framework – focus on the plan – we lose nine minutes – resolution is most predictable – wishing away is anti-educational Reject their impact framing and theory of social interaction. The terminology of “neoliberalism” encourages fake radicalism, oversimplification, and greater levels of cooptation than positive and pragmatic environmental politics. I’m only reading one card because it makes lots of arguments and they aren’t going for this
Clive BARNETT Faculty of the Social Sciences @ Open University (UK) ‘5 “The Consolations of ‘Neoliberalism’” Geoforum 36 (1) p. Science Dirct
3. There is no such thing as neoliberalism! The blind-spot in
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trying to broaden the horizons of our theoretical curiosity a little more widely. Perm: do both. Reform out of neoliberalism is more effective than ideological purity. Incrementalism is historically the only effective strategy for change. That’s Dreier. No link. The sustainability advantage analyzes the social context of energy production. We aren’t a cornucopian vision. Commons alternatives reinforces existing inequalities. Only supplementing commons with a more democratic distribution of state resources like the plan solves.
James McCARTHY Geography @ PSU ‘5 “Commons as counterhegemonic projects” Capitalism, Nature, Socialism 16 (1) p. INFORMA Global commons can also be profoundly undemocratic and reinforce existing inequalities, however. To
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all its flaws, remains the most democratic and democratizable of modern institutions.
Their kritik of consumption asks the wrong question—the plan shifts both production and consumption. the focus shouldn’t be on reducing production or consumption but changing inputs. Arthur MOL Environmental Sociology @ Wageningen AND Gert SPAARGAREN Globus Inst. @ Tilburg ‘4 “EcologicalModernization andConsumption: A Reply” Society and Natural Resources 17 p. 262-263 In his article ‘‘Ecological Modernization: What About Consumption?’’ Michael Carolan argues
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not by mentioning a few facts and extrapolating these in a Malthusian way. |
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Oceans Advantage _ - The Ocean Offshore wind is key to it
CASEY 12 – 4 – 12 EWEA Staff Writer, Citing International and Swedish funded studies Zoë Casey, Offshore wind farms benefit sealife, says study, http://www.ewea.org/blog/2012/12/offshore-wind-farms-benefit-sealife-says-study/ Offshore wind farms can create a …. areas for fish and benthic populations,” she added.
And it regenerates the oceans
MUSIAL and BUTTERFIELD 06 National Renewable Energy Laboratory W. Musial and S. Butterfield, Energy from Offshore Wind, May 1–4, 2006, http://www.nrel.gov/wind/pdfs/39450.pdf Potential Environmental and Socio-Economic Issues. ….appear to very benign 34.
Trawling destroys the oceans
VINSON 06 JD Candidate, Georgetown University Anna, “Deep Sea Bottom Trawling and the Eastern Tropical Pacific Seascape: A Test Case for Global Action,” Georgetown International Environmental Law Review, Winter, 18 Geo. Int'l Envtl. L. Rev. 355 Every year an area of the ocean floor … way justifies the practice. Overwhelms their resiliency argument
Zakaib 11 Gwyneth Dickey, Nature, “Overfishing hits all creatures great and small,” http://www.nature.com/news/2011/110503/full/news.2011.262.html
Large fish species are sensitive to industrial-scale fishing, so managers tend to
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together, all species end up having about the same probability of collapsing." extinction
Craig 3 - Associate Dean for Environmental Programs @ Florida State University Robin Kundis Craig, “ARTICLE: Taking Steps Toward Marine Wilderness Protection? Fishing and Coral Reef Marine Reserves in Florida and Hawaii,” McGeorge Law Review, Winter 2003, 34 McGeorge L. Rev. 155 Biodiversity and ecosystem function arguments for conserving marine ecosystems also exist, just as they
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its territory relatively pristine marine ecosystems that may be unique in the world. EU
Advantage 2 is the EU
Diverging energy policy will destroy US-EU energy cooperation key to solve a litany of impacts.
Koranyi 12—David Koranyi is the deputy director of the Atlantic Council's Dinu Patriciu Eurasia Center and the editor of the book Transatlantic Energy Futures - Strategic Perspectives on Energy Security, Climate Change and New Technologies in Europe and the United States September 4, 2012, “An Emerging Transatlantic Rift on Energy?” Natural Gas Europe, http://www.naturalgaseurope.com/romney-energy-policy-emerging-transatlantic-rift-on-energy
American and European energy markets …. the alliance is in nobody’s interest. Energy is the litmus test for the relationship
Koryani, 11—Hungarian diplomat, former Undersecretary of State, foreign policy and energy expert. He is also the Deputy Director of the Dinu Patriciu Eurasia Center of the Atlantic Council of the United State (David Editor, Tranatlantic Energy Futures, 2011, http://transatlantic.sais-jhu.edu/publications/books/Transatlantic_Energy_Futures/Transatlantic_Energy_Futures.pdf) What Brings Us Together...¶ Transatlantic cooperation is key to addressing all the above challenges
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strong conviction in the enduring prominence¶ and necessity of the transatlantic partnership. The plan is key
1.regulatory cooperation
Portman, 10 (Michelle, Assistant Professor, Environmental Planning, Technion. Marine Renewable Energy Policy, Oceanography, Vol. 23, No. 2, http://www.tos.org/oceanography/archive/23-2_portman.pdf)
In the regulatory sphere, countries¶ should cooperate to craft internationally¶ recognized standards
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from other¶ sectors, such as offshore mining and¶ commercial fishing.
It is natural that in the rush for renewable energy, developers in countries and
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, and streamlined permitting. 2. Commercial linkages
Leone, 11—Associate Editor, RenewableEnergyWorld.com (Steve, “For Offshore Wind to Thrive, Collaboration A Must,” July 28th, 2011, http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/news/article/2011/07/for-offshore-wind-to-thrive-collaboration-a-must) New Hampshire, USA -- If the European Wind Energy Association projections prove accurate
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. How do you bring the cost down of deploying in deep water?” New unmanaged proliferation risks extinction
Cimbala, 2008
Stephen, Distinguished Prof. Pol. Sci. – Penn. State Brandywine, Comparative Strategy, “Anticipatory Attacks: Nuclear Crisis Stability in Future Asia”, 27, InformaWorld
If the possibility existed of a mistaken preemption during and immediately after the Cold War
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overturn these expectations for the obsolescence or marginalization of major interstate warfare. Unchecked Russian and Chinese expansionism causes global nuclear war
Stephen J. Blank, strategic Studies Institute's expert on the Soviet bloc and the post-Soviet world since 1989; former Associate Professor of Soviet Studies at the Center for Aerospace Doctrine, Research, and Education, Maxwell Air Force Base; B.A. in History from the University of Pennsylvania, and a M.A. and Ph.D. in History from the University of Chicago, March 2009. “RUSSIA AND ARMS CONTROL: ARE THERE OPPORTUNITIES FOR THE OBAMA ADMINISTRATION?”
Proliferators or nuclear states like China and Russia can then deter regional or intercontinental attacks
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perhaps make wars of aggression on their neighbors or their own people.172 Conflict in the Middle East escalates to a nuclear holocaust
London, professor emeritus of New York University, 6/23/10 Herbert, “The Coming Crisis in the Middle East”, http://www.hudson.org/index.cfm?fuseaction=publication_detailsandid=7101andpubType=HI_Opeds
The gathering storm in the Middle East is gaining momentum. War clouds are on
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and the prospect of a second holocaust could lead to a nuclear exchange. Coordination on regulatory issues is essential to US-EU FTA negotiations – that saves the European economy
Alden, 13—the Bernard L. Schwartz senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations, and was project director for the CFR Independent Task Force on U.S. Trade and Investment Policy (Edward, “U.S.-EU FTA Talks Chart a New Path for Global Trade,” March 13th, 2013, http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/12787/u-s-eu-fta-talks-chart-a-new-path-for-global-trade) The negotiations will carry much symbolic weight as well. The economic boost is anticipated
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the U.S. could make it easier to tackle these issues. Eurozone collapse causes World War III
Gommes, 11 -- former Columbia Law Review senior editor
(Thomas, publisher of Periscope Post, former corporate lawyer, "Eurozone in crisis: The death of the euro could trigger World War III," 12-9-11, www.periscopepost.com/2011/12/eurozone-in-crisis-the-death-of-the-euro-could-trigger-world-war-iii/, accessed 10-23-12, ) Eurozone in crisis: The death of the euro could trigger World War III The
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solution to problems, or at minimum an acceptable response to perceived slights. Federalism
Advantage 3 is federalism
Offshore wind is the critical test case for federalism
Russell, ‘3 Robert H. Russell, J.D., Harvard Law School. Mr. Russell teaches environmental law in the graduate program at Tufts University. “NEITHER OUT FAR NOR IN DEEP: THE PROSPECTS FOR UTILITY-SCALE WIND POWER IN THE COASTAL ZONE”. http://www.bc.edu/dam/files/schools/law/lawreviews/journals/bcealr/31_2/02_TXT.htm
*PG232II. Coastal Management: A Regulatory Collage
Expansive near-shore wind development is likely to attract controversy and opposition.59
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significance may go the way of the lone turbine atop Grandpa’s Knob.207 The plan creates a process preemption framework
Stein, ‘9 Amy L. Stein, Associate Professor of Law, Tulane University Law School. “AN ENHANCED FEDERAL ROLE IN RENEWABLE ENERGY SITING”. http://czarnezki.files.wordpress.com/2010/09/vls-ss-an-enhanced-federal-role-in-renewable-energy-siting.docx
2. Process Preemption
Although full preemption of siting … removing state barriers to renewable energy.
Process preemption injects dynamic federalism into energy law
Ofosky and Wiseman, ‘12 Hari M. Osofsky is an Associate Professor and 2011 Lampert Fesler Research Fellow, University of Minnesota Law School. Hannah J. Wiseman is an Assistant Professor at the Florida State University College of Law. “Dynamic Energy Federalism”. Minnesota Legal Studies Research Paper No. 12-44 . http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2138127anddownload=yes
A. Limits of Current Approaches to Energy Federalism
An extensive legal literature has thoroughly explored many variations of federalism, including a rapidly
challenges and possibilities for institutional innovation discussed in Section III and the Conclusion.
Now is key. Energy policy will determine the direction of federalism
Ofosky and Wiseman, ‘12 Hari M. Osofsky is an Associate Professor and 2011 Lampert Fesler Research Fellow, University of Minnesota Law School. Hannah J. Wiseman is an Assistant Professor at the Florida State University College of Law. “Dynamic Energy Federalism”. Minnesota Legal Studies Research Paper No. 12-44 . http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2138127anddownload=yes
II. FEDERALISM CHALLENGES TO ENERGY TRANSFORMATION
The production and movement of energy presents one of the greatest governance challenges of our
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already complex federalist dimensions to further concentrate barriers to effective and dynamic governance. Dynamic federalism is key to legitimate human rights commitments
Kalb 10 - Professor of Law @ Loyola University Johanna Kalb, “Dynamic Federalism in Human Rights Treaty Implementation,” Tulane Law Review, Vol. 84, 2010. In Part III, I propose that applying a dynamic federalist model to VCCR implementation
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¶
legitimate the resulting activity. Pg. 1030-1031
That’s key to global legal checks against drone use
Roth 13 - Executive director of Human Rights Watch, one of the world's leading international human rights organizations Kenneth Roth, “What Rules Should Govern US Drone Attacks?,” Human Rights Watch, March 11, 2013, pg. http://tinyurl.com/a7p38qo As bits and pieces of the Obama administration’s legal justifications for its drone attacks trickle
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it reportedly considered using a drone to kill a drug trafficker in Burma.
The impact is global wars. Drone weaken norms against war
Cortright 11 - Director of policy studies for the Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies @ University of Notre Dame. David Cortright (Professor of peace studies and nonviolent social change @ University of Notre Dame), “The scary prospect of global drone warfare,” CNN, updated 2:26 PM EDT, Wed October 19, 2011, pg. http://www.cnn.com/2011/10/19/opinion/cortright-drones What kind of a future are we creating for our AND
including as many as 170 children.
Dynamic federalism is key to fracking regulation
Powers, ’11 Emily C. Powers, J.D. Candidate, Brooklyn Law School. Journal of Law and Policy. “FRACKING AND FEDERALISM: SUPPORT FOR AN ADAPTIVE APPROACH THAT AVOIDS THE TRAGEDY OF THE REGULATORY COMMONS”. LexisNexis.
2. Adaptive Federalism and the Regulatory Commons
AND not politically accountable. n282 Key to prevent catastrophic water contamination
Argetsinger, 11 -- J.D. Candidate, Certificate in Environmental Law, Pace Law School
(Beren, Pace Environmental Law Review, "The Marcellus Shale: Bridge to a Clean Energy Future or Bridge to Nowhere?," 29 Pace Envtl. L. Rev. 321, Fall 2011, l/n, accessed 5-24-12, mss) As noted above, the EIA's long-term projections estimate that over forty-
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it's not clear we have a plan for properly handling this waste. n74 Extinction
WWP, 10
(Western Watersheds Project, "Protecting Watersheds," 2010, www.westernwatersheds.org/issues/protecting-watersheds, accessed 5-29-12, mss)
Protecting Watersheds A watershed is land that contributes water to a stream, river,
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important than in the arid West which is literally running out of water. Dynamic environmental federalism gets modeled globally
SOVACOOL 08 Research Fellow in the Energy Governance Program at the Centre on Asia and Globalization, Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy at the National University of Singapore. Adjunct Assistant Professor at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute Benjamin K. Sovacool, The Best of Both Worlds: Environmental Federalism and the Need for Federal Action on Renewable Energy and Climate Change, Stanford Environmental Law Journal, Date: June 1, 2008 Part Four posits a theory for when AND the signal it sends to the world.
Dynamic federalism creates a flexible legal response necessary for climate adaptation
Burleson, ’11 Professor Elizabeth Burleson has a L.L.M. from the London School of Economics and a J.D. from the University of Connecticut School of Law. She has written reports for the United Nations and teaches at the Pace Law School. “ENERGY REVOLUTION AND DISASTER RESPONSE IN THE FACE OF CLIMATE CHANGE”. Villanova Environmental Law Journal, Vol. 22, No. 169, 2011. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1962375 Emergency preparedness requires substantive AND of human and ecological vulnerabilities.
global wars
Werz and Conley 12 - Senior Fellow @American Progress where his work as member of the National Security Team focuses on the nexus of climate change, migration, and security and emerging democracies and Research Associate for National Security and International Policy @ the Center for American Progress Michael Werz and Laura Conley, “Climate Change, Migration, and Conflict: Addressing complex crisis scenarios in the 21st Century,” Center for American Progress, January 2012 The costs and consequences of climate AND
all of which will affect food supplies. 19 Pg. 1-7 South Asian climate crisis goes nuclear
Brennan 08 – Lieutenant in the United States Navy James F. Brennan, “The China-India-Pakistan Water Crisis: Prospects for Interstate Conflict,” Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS IN SECURITY STUDIES (FAR EAST, SOUTHEAST ASIA, PACIFIC) from the NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL, September 2008
India and Pakistan’s enduring rivalry AND, to motivate change. pg. 45-46 Second, Chinese climate migration – It risks a war over the Russian Far East
Weitz 12 - Director of the Hudson Institute’s Center for Political-Military Analysis Richard Weitz, “Superpower Symbiosis: The Russia-China Axis,” World Affairs, November/December 2012, pg. http://tinyurl.com/cjcc3v2 A major worsening of China-Russia ties would actually represent a regression to the
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, when they competed to see which would achieve the one true communism.
Russia will fight to control the RFE. It can’t win without nuclear escalation
Rousseau 12 - Professor and Chair of Political Science and International Relations @ Khazar University Richard Rousseau, “Will China Colonize and Incorporate Siberia?,” Harvard International Review, July 9, 2012 | 12:07 AM, pg. http://tinyurl.com/c55zp3n If Siberia is in fact awaiting a Chinese Future, AND
assaults and amphibious assault landings. Solvency and Plan Plan Plan --- The United States federal government should determine federal law precludes relevant state and local restrictions on offshore wind energy.
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DOI action solves
EBERHARDT 06 B.A., 1998, Swarthmore (Biology); M.F.S., 2001, Harvard; J.D. Candidate, 2006, New York University School of Law. Senior Notes Editor, 2005-2006, New York University Environmental Law Journal Robert W. Eberhardt, FEDERALISM AND THE SITING OF OFFSHORE WIND ENERGY FACILITIES, New York University Environmental Law Journal, 14 N.Y.U. Envtl. L.J. 374 Changes to regulatory regimes that govern the use of submerged lands likely will play a
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that the state regulatory regimes develop that fail to consider positive interstate spillovers.
Current framework dooms offshore wind – even while onshore wind blows up.
SCHROEDER 10 J.D., University of California, Berkeley, School of Law, 2010. M.E.M., Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, 2004; B.A., Yale University, 2003 Erica Schroeder, COMMENT: Turning Offshore Wind On, October, 2010, California Law Review, 98 Calif. L. Rev. 1631 In spite of the impressive growth in the U.S. wind industry,
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the impetus that offshore wind power needs for success in the United States.
Solving regulatory confusion is necessary and sufficient
POWELL 12 J.D. Candidate, Boston University School of Law, 2013; B.A. Environmental Economics, Colgate University, 2007 Timothy H. Powell, REVISITING FEDERALISM CONCERNS IN THE OFFSHORE WIND ENERGY INDUSTRY IN LIGHT OF CONTINUED LOCAL OPPOSITION TO THE CAPE WIND PROJECT, Boston University Law Review, December, 2012, 92 B.U.L. Rev. 2023 IV. The Problem and a Proposed Solution
A. The Problem: Failure in the Current Federal-State Balance of Powers AND
Interest in developing offshore wind energy projects in the United States has increased dramatically
and optimally allocate the harvesting of coastal wind energy throughout the United States.
Disads non unique – wind PTC extension
GARDNER 12 – 31 – 12 Roll Call Staff Lauren Gardner, Obama Suggests Cliff Deal Would Extend Wind Tax Credit, http://www.rollcall.com/news/obama_suggests_cliff_deal_would_extend_wind_tax_credit-220432-1.html?pos=hln President Barack Obama signaled Monday AND
phase-out over the next few years. |
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2AC Solv
No intermittency issues with offshore
SCHROEDER 10 J.D., University of California, Berkeley, School of Law, 2010. M.E.M., Yale School of Forestry and Environmental Studies, 2004; B.A., Yale University, 2003 Erica Schroeder, COMMENT: Turning Offshore Wind On, October, 2010, California Law Review, 98 Calif. L. Rev. 1631 Moreover, offshore wind power has certain attributes that give it added benefits compared to
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economies of scale and build larger wind farms that generate more electricity. n73 Offshore wind would lead to massive investment of funds toward ship building
MCTC 10 Massachusetts Clean Energy Center, “Port and Infrastructure Analysis for Offshore Wind Energy Development”online No purpose-built wind turbine installation vessels exist that are compliant with U.
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transport and installation of fully assembled turbines (see Figure 3-18). Key to heg
NLUS 12 Navy League of the United States “America’s Maritime Industry The foundation of American seapower”, 2012, http://www.navyleague.org/files/americas-maritime-industry.pdf, Date Verification – http://gsship.org/industry-links/ Defense Industrial Base: Shipbuilding The American Maritime Industry also contributes to our national defense
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. They are unmatched in capability, but must maintain that lead. 13 kritik
Can’t reduce consumption
Blake ALCOTT Ecological Economist Masters from Cambridge in Land Economy ‘8 The sufficiency strategy: Would rich-world frugality lower environmental impact? Ecological Economics 64 (4) p. Science Direct The environmental sufficiency strategy of greater consumer frugality has become popular in ecological economics,
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to stem climate change and the loss of vital species and natural resources. Wind tech, not attitudinal shifts, structurally improves society. It’s more then cosmetic.
Joseph HUBER Inst. of Sociology @ Martin Luther University (Germany) ‘8 “Pioneer countries and the global diffusion of environmental innovations: Theses from the viewpoint of ecological modernisation theory” Global Environmental Change 18 p. 360-361 - Introduction This text deals with a number of rather complex questions concerning the
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is a necessity rather than another fall from grace (Allenby, 2005).
Case is a pre-requisite to changes in the direction of consumption. Without growth and minimizing conflict resources get devoted to competition. Rasmus KARLSSON Poli Sci @ Lund ‘9 “A global Fordian compromise?—And what it would mean
for the transition to sustainability” Envt’l Science and Policy 12 p. 190-191 Though these caricatures may still hold true to a certain extent, I would argue
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enterprise and that we are all into this as one common human civilization. Nat gas DA
Gas prices are declining
Burtraw 12 August 21, 2012, one of the nation’s foremost experts on environmental regulation in the electricity sector, “Falling Emissions and Falling Prices: Expectations for the Domestic Natural Gas Boom” http://common-resources.org/2012/falling-emissions-and-falling-prices-expectations-for-the-domestic-natural-gas-boom/ Moreover, the boom in domestic natural gas production could have even more immediate affects
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.8 Billion (real $2009) in savings projected for 2020. No i/l coal – military has demand railroads Wind displaces nat gas.
MIT Study Group 11 ERNEST J. MONIZ (Study Group Chair, Professor of Physics and Engineering Systems @ MIT and Director of the MIT Energy Initiative (MITEI) HENRY D. JACOBY (Study Group Co-Chair and Professor of Management @ MIT) and ANTHONY J. M. MEGGS (Study Group Co-Chair and Visiting Engineer @ MITEI) The Future of Natural Gas An Interdisciplinary MIT Study, 2011, pg. http://web.mit.edu/mitei/research/studies/documents/natural-gas-2011/NaturalGas_Report.pdf In summary, our analysis of gradual and sustained “long term” penetration of
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natural gas fueled plants) is maintained or increased. Pg. 93 This displacement happens quickly
MIT Study Group 11 ERNEST J. MONIZ (Study Group Chair, Professor of Physics and Engineering Systems @ MIT and Director of the MIT Energy Initiative (MITEI) HENRY D. JACOBY (Study Group Co-Chair and Professor of Management @ MIT) and ANTHONY J. M. MEGGS (Study Group Co-Chair and Visiting Engineer @ MITEI) The Future of Natural Gas An Interdisciplinary MIT Study, 2011, pg. http://web.mit.edu/mitei/research/studies/documents/natural-gas-2011/NaturalGas_Report.pdf In sum, our short-term analysis shows AND
than does wind generation. Pg. 89 We will win a short-term link—they immediately reduce demand for natgas
MIT Study Group 11 ERNEST J. MONIZ (Study Group Chair, Professor of Physics and Engineering Systems @ MIT and Director of the MIT Energy Initiative (MITEI) HENRY D. JACOBY (Study Group Co-Chair and Professor of Management @ MIT) and ANTHONY J. M. MEGGS (Study Group Co-Chair and Visiting Engineer @ MITEI) The Future of Natural Gas An Interdisciplinary MIT Study, 2011, pg. http://web.mit.edu/mitei/research/studies/documents/natural-gas-2011/NaturalGas_Report.pdf In the short term, where a rapid increase in renewable generation occurs without any
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generation on a nearly one-for-one basis. Pg. 10 Heg d
No regional rebalancing or security dilemmas—the only empirical data goes our way. yellow
Fettweis 11—Professor of Poli Sci @ Tulane University Christopher J. Fettweis, “The Superpower as Superhero: Hubris in U.S. Foreign Policy,” Paper prepared for presentation at the 2011 meeting of the American Political Science Association, September 1-4, Seattle, WA, September 2011, pg. http://ssrn.com/abstract=1902154 The final and in some ways most important pathological belief generated by hubris places the
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people of the United States would be a lot better off as well. Politics
2AC – heg
Claims of high-skilled labor shortages used distorted data.
Daniel Costa, 11/19/2012. Attorney and immigration policy analyst. His areas of research include a wide range of labor migration issues, including the management of U.S. guest worker programs, both high- and less-skilled migration, and immigrant workers’ rights. “STEM labor shortages?Microsoft report distorts reality about computing occupations,” Economic Policy Institute, http://www.epi.org/publication/pm195-stem-labor-shortages-microsoft-report-distorts/. Microsoft Corporation recently published a report warning that there will not be enough American college
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limited job openings available in the stagnating U.S. labor market.
Not reverse causal – even if CIR is good for heg it won’t collapse in the squo 2AC - immigration
Won’t pass – don’t buy their lies
HAMILTON 2 – 28 – 13 Lamron Staff Writer – SUNY Geneso Bella Hamilton, On immigration reform, Obama and Congress must compromise, http://www.thelamron.com/opinion/on-immigration-reform-obama-and-congress-must-compromise-1.3001746 It is impossible to ignore the extent AND
the highest it has been since 2009. Obama’s capital is irrelevant
AP 3 – 27 – 13 http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5iro-yOddbr4F_vTzZD1xgFv9KNJQ?docId=ef575ceb4bce4bc2a8e706f72dda1718 While overhauling the nation's patchwork AND
off the effort to lawmakers.
U - generic
No PC – Obama needs a win
THE HILL 3 – 20 – 13 Amie Parnes and Justin Sink, Obama honeymoon may be over, http://thehill.com/homenews/administration/289179-obama-honeymoon-may-be-over The second-term honeymoon for President AND
“It’s not looking so good right now.”
Gun vote first – Obama pushing
PBS NEWS 3 – 28 – 13 http://www.pbs.org/newshour/rundown/2013/03/gay-marriage-cases-now-in-justices-hands.html While Mr. Obama pressures Congress to adopt gun control legislation when it returns from
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are central to the Democrats' bill.
Internal link D
Obama doesn’t push the plan and DOI solves the link.
MENDELSON 10 Professor of Law – University of Michigan Law School Nina A. Mendelson, “Disclosing “Political” Oversight of Agency Decision Making,” Michigan Law Review, Vol. 108, p.1127-1175, http://www.michiganlawreview.org/assets/pdfs/108/7/mendelson.pdf
Even if presidential supervision of agency decisions is well known to the voting population,
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this amounts to reduced electoral accountability for actions taken by administrative agencies. 188 Offense Collins turn
Conathon, 2/28/13 Michael Conathan is the Director of Ocean Policy at American Progress. “Making the Economic Case for Offshore Wind”. Center for American Progress. http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/green/report/2013/02/28/54988/making-the-economic-case-for-offshore-wind/
The U.S. offshore wind industry is emerging from the political doldrums that
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moving them closer to renewable energy targets and away from polluting fossil fuels.
Key to agenda
Portland Press Herald, ’12 Nov 23. “Collins’ Clout: is it likely to grow?”. http://www.pressherald.com/news/centrist-clout-seen-for-collins_2012-11-23.html?pageType=mobileandid=1
WASHINGTON - The departure of Olympia Snowe and AND
, where most legislative work occurs.
Winners Win and political capital is stupid
HIRSH 2 – 7 – 13 chief correspondent for National Journal, previously served as the senior editor and national economics correspondent for Newsweek. Overseas Press Club award for best magazine reporting from abroad in 2001 and for Newsweek’s coverage of the war on terror, which also won a National Magazine Award Michael Hirsh, There’s No Such Thing as Political Capital, http://www.nationaljournal.com/magazine/there-s-no-such-thing-as-political-capital-20130207
But the abrupt emergence of the immigration and gun-control issues illustrates how suddenly
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suddenly woke up in panic to the huge disparity in the Hispanic vote.
Some political scientists who study the elusive calculus of how to pass legislation and run
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change positions to get on the winning side. It’s a bandwagon effect.” Addons
Disease
dconely
Exitnciton
Greger ‘8 (M.D., is Director of Public Health and Animal Agriculture at The Humane Society of the United States (Michael Greger, , Bird Flu: A Virus of Our Own Hatching, http://birdflubook.com/a.php?id=111) Senate Majority Leader Frist describes the recent slew of emerging diseases in almost biblical terms
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“might easily transmute into a tune whistled whilst passing a graveyard.”3154 2AC LOST
Plan gets LOST ratified
REILLY 11 Partner Squire Sanders’ Maritime Focus Attroney, Chair of the Maritime Committee of the Public Utility, Communications and Transportation Law Section of the ABA and former chair of the NYLA Committee on Admiralty and Maritime Law John J. Reilly, Wind Farms And The Law Of The Sea, http://www.squiresanders.com/files/Publication/7a5e6f2b-ebe7-48c4-bd3e-752b5495a53b/Presentation/PublicationAttachment/e8a171fa-0fa6-45b8-8e12-776f89fa9e1a/Law360%20-%20Wind%20Farms%20And%20The%20Law%20Of%20The%20Sea.pdf
Ever-proliferating plans to install AND
nations to develop wind energy in their EEZs. Key to Asian stability
Haider, 3/13/13 Ziad, attorney at White and Case LLP and previously served as a White House Fellow in the US Department of Justice and as a national security aide in the US Senate. “US Must Adopt Law of the Sea”. http://yaleglobal.yale.edu/content/us-must-adopt-law-sea
WASHINGTON: Since the Obama administration's AND
inextricably linked in this century. Nuke war
Hellman 12 – Professor Emeritus of Electrical Engineering @ Stanford University Martin Hellman (His current project, Defusing the Nuclear Threat, has been endorsed by a former Director of the National Security Agency, Stanford's President Emeritus, and two Nobel Laureates), “Another Early Warning Sign,” Defusing Nuclear Threats, Posted on September 28, 2012, pg. http://tinyurl.com/9r9vdhr The “World Anti-Fascist War” is what we call World War II
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risking small chances of being destroyed, eventually one will realize that potential. Oceans – pharma
Trawling destroys the ocean floors – key for the biotech industry
PROWS 08 Adviser on oceans and law of the sea – Permananet Mission of Palau to the UN since 05 – Board of Directors of the Center for International Environmental AdvocacyJ.D. NYU School of Law Peter, “A Mouse Can Roar: Small Island States, the United Nations, and the End of Free-For-All Fishing on the High Seas,” Colorado Journal of International Environmental Law and Policy, Winter, 19 COLO. J. INT'L ENVTL. L. and POL'Y 1 By contrast, the environmental and economic damage bottom trawling causes to deep sea ecosystems
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effect, now in a race against industrial fishing for the deep seas.
The impact is bioterror
Washington Post 1 (Justin Gillis, “Scientists Race for Vaccines,” November 8, Lexis)
U.S. scientists, spurred into action by the events of Sept.
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substantially different from the vaccine discovered by English physician Edward Jenner in 1796. extinction
Matheny 7 – Research associate with the Future of Humanity Institute @ Oxford University Jason G. Matheny (PhD candidate in Applied Economics and Master’s in Public Health at Johns Hopkins University), “Reducing the Risk of Human Extinction,” Risk Analysis. Volume 27, Number 5, 2007, pg. http://www.upmc-biosecurity.org/website/resources/publications/2007_orig-articles/2007-10-15-reducingrisk.html
Of current extinction risks, the most severe may be bioterrorism. The knowledge needed
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to respond to pandemics (Lam, Franco, and Shuler, 2006). |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
1AR 1AR Low Prices
High production and low prices for natural gas now
Handley 3-28 Meg, US News and World Report, “Is the U.S. too dependent on natural gas for electricity?” http://www.usnews.com/news/articles/2013/03/28/is-the-us-too-dependent-on-natural-gas-for-electricity?page=2
But heightened sensitivity to environmental challenges, such as carbon emissions and climate change,
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Reuters, up from $1.82 around this time last year. Natural gas ultra cheap – high production
Obel 3-1 Mike, IBT, Potential Surge Of US LNG Exports From Shale Natural Gas Boom Splits Corporate America; One Side Gets Allied With Environmentalists; http://www.ibtimes.com/potential-surge-us-lng-exports-shale-natural-gas-boom-splits-corporate-america-one-side-gets-allied
The mood was celebratory. "If you had told me 10 years ago I'd
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producers and drilling companies, since low prices mean reduced exploration and production. Exporst No exports- not profitable
Ebinger et al 12 (Charles, Senior Fellow and Director of the Energy Security Initiative – Brookings, Kevin Massy, Assistant Director of the Energy Security Initiative – Brookings, and Govinda Avasarala, Senior Research Assistant in the Energy Security Initiative – Brookings, “Liquid Markets: Assessing the Case for U.S. Exports of Liquefied Natural Gas,” Brookings Institution, Policy Brief 12-01, http://www.brookings.edu/~/media/research/files/reports/2012/5/02%20lng%20exports%20ebinger/0502_lng_exports_ebinger.pdf).
LNG exports will help to sustain market liquidity in what looks to be an increasingly
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have reached final investment decision and are expected to be online by 2020. eu
European supply thumps russia
Graeber, 2/18/13 Daniel, writer and political analyst. OilPrice.com, “Is Europe Next for a Shale Natural Gas Boom?”. http://oilprice.com/Energy/Natural-Gas/Is-Europe-Next-for-a-Shale-Natural-Gas-Boom.html
Chevron and Royal Dutch Shell are getting an early start on shale exploration campaigns in
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says domestic natural gas productions should eventually eliminate the need for imports altogether. 1AR Fett Retrenchment solves the impact—theory and the empirical record prove.
MacDonald and Parent 11—Professor of Political Science at Williams College and Professor of Political Science at University of Miami Paul K. MacDonald and Joseph M. Parent, “Graceful Decline? The Surprising Success of Great Power Retrenchment,” International Security, Vol. 35, No. 4 (Spring 2011), pp. 7–44 Our findings are directly relevant to what appears to be an impending great power transition
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exacerbate U.S. grand strategic problems and risk unnecessary clashes. 101
Growing relative power will only strengthen the liberal order to ensure peace.
Ikenberry 11—PhD, Albert G. Milbank Professor of Politics and International Affairs at Princeton University in the Department of Politics and the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs May/June issue of Foreign Affairs, G. John, “The Future of the Liberal World Order,” http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/67730/g-john-ikenberry/the-future-of-the-liberal-world-order?page=show Pronouncements of American decline miss the real transformation under way today. What is occurring
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States will not be able to rule. But it can still lead. 1AR Flaring
Ozone resilient
AP, 5/22/2006. Associated Press. “Study: Ozone Hole Will Contract, May Disappear by 2050,” http://www.foxnews.com/story/0,2933,196417,00.html. TOKYO — The ozone hole over the Antarctic AND
findings are in line with research by other scientists.
No increases in UV from ozone depletion. And any consequence is miniscule.
Singer and Crandall 91 S. Fred, Prof Env Sci—UVA and former Dir. US Weather Satellite Program, and Candace, Editorial Dir.—Science and Environmental Policy Project, San Diego Union-Tribune, “Is the ozone doomsday scenerio based on hype?”, 7-7, L/N If the amount of ozone is reduced, more UV reaches the earth's surface.)
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the issue of CFC control is now based on politics rather than science. 1AR Russia
Russian economic slowdown now
Economic Times 3-21 Russian economy close to stagnating in February, http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2013-03-21/news/37903373_1_russian-economy-cent-andrei-klepach
Russia's economy slowed sharply in February as exports declined, the Deputy Economy Minister said
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stark reminder that the Russian economy has now almost ground to a halt."
Impact empirically denied—Russia’s economy is endemically weak and has been wrecked many times
Friedman 09 – Founder and CEO of STRATFOR, founder of the Center for Geopolitical Studies, former professor of political science, PhD in Government
(George, 7/2“The Russian Economy and Russian Power.” http://www.cdi.org/russia/johnson/2009-141-11.cfm) Russia has been an economic wreck for most of its history, both under the
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regime that allows Russia to be a great power in spite of that. 1AR Japan
Relations resilient -- China and North Korea guarantee
Bowring 7/27/09 (Philip, Consultant Editor of the online news magazine Asia Sentinel, columnist for the International Herald Tribune, and former editor of the Far Eastern Economic Review. “America's Balancing Act.” http://www.nytimes.com/2009/07/28/opinion/28iht-edbowring.html?hpw) Mrs. Clinton’s appearance certainly gave a boost to Asean ministers — whose meetings had
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keep the United States and Japan in alliance for a long while yet. Empirically the alliance has been incapable of preserving stability in the region.
DiFilippo, ‘2
Anthony, Prof. Sociology at Lincoln University, “The Challenges of the U.S.-Japan Military Arrangement: Competing Security Transitions in a Changing International Environment,” pg. 13 One thing that has not changed about the U.S.-Japan security alliance
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was capable of neutralizing the threats it perceives from the other nuclear powers. |
| 03/31/2013 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: CASEY 12 – 4 – 12 EWEA Staff Writer, Citing International and Swedish funded studies ~Zoë Casey, Offshore wind farms benefit sealife, says study, http://www.ewea.org/blog/2012/12/offshore-wind-farms-benefit-sealife-says-study/-http://www.ewea.org/blog/2012/12/offshore-wind-farms-benefit-sealife-says-study/~~ Offshore wind farms can create a host of … regeneration areas for fish and benthic populations," she added. And it regenerates the oceansMUSIAL %26 BUTTERFIELD 06 National Renewable Energy Laboratory ~W. Musial and S. Butterfield, Energy from Offshore Wind, May 1–4, 2006, http://www.nrel.gov/wind/pdfs/39450.pdf-http://www.nrel.gov/wind/pdfs/39450.pdf~~ Potential Environmental and Socio-Economic Issues. … environment appear to very benign ~34~.
Oceans are being destroyed nowVINSON 06 JD Candidate, Georgetown University ~Anna, "Deep Sea Bottom Trawling and the Eastern Tropical Pacific Seascape: A Test Case for Global Action," Georgetown International Environmental Law Review, Winter, 18 Geo. Int’l Envtl. L. Rev. 355~ Every year an area of the ocean floor … benefit in no way justifies the practice. Zakaib 11 ~Gwyneth Dickey, Nature, "Overfishing hits all creatures great and small," http://www.nature.com/news/2011/110503/full/news.2011.262.html~~
Large fish species are sensitive … the same probability of collapsing." Craig 3 - Associate Dean for Environmental Programs @ Florida State University ~Robin Kundis Craig, "ARTICLE: Taking Steps Toward Marine Wilderness Protection? Fishing and Coral Reef Marine Reserves in Florida and Hawaii," McGeorge Law Review, Winter 2003, 34 McGeorge L. Rev. 155 Biodiversity and ecosystem function arguments for … marine ecosystems that may be unique in the world. Offshore wind is the critical test case for federalism
Russell, ’3 ~Robert H. Russell, J.D., Harvard Law School. Mr. Russell teaches environmental law in the graduate program at Tufts University. "NEITHER OUT FAR NOR IN DEEP: THE PROSPECTS FOR UTILITY-SCALE WIND POWER IN THE COASTAL ZONE". http://www.bc.edu/dam/files/schools/law/lawreviews/journals/bcealr/31_2/02_TXT.htm~~
~*PG232~II. Coastal Management: A Regulatory Collage
Expansive near-shore wind development is likely to … the way of the lone turbine atop Grandpa’s Knob.207 Stein, ’9 ~Amy L. Stein, Associate Professor of Law, Tulane University Law School. "AN ENHANCED FEDERAL ROLE IN RENEWABLE ENERGY SITING". http://czarnezki.files.wordpress.com/2010/09/vls-ss-an-enhanced-federal-role-in-renewable-energy-siting.docx~~
2. Process Preemption
Although full preemption of siting decisions … state barriers to renewable energy. Ofosky and Wiseman, ’12 ~Hari M. Osofsky is an Associate Professor %26 2011 Lampert Fesler Research Fellow, University of Minnesota Law School. Hannah J. Wiseman is an Assistant Professor at the Florida State University College of Law. "Dynamic Energy Federalism". Minnesota Legal Studies Research Paper No. 12-44 . http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2138127%26download=yes~~
A. Limits of Current Approaches to Energy Federalism
An extensive legal literature has thoroughly explored … discussed in Section III and the Conclusion. Ofosky and Wiseman, ’12 ~Hari M. Osofsky is an Associate Professor %26 2011 Lampert Fesler Research Fellow, University of Minnesota Law School. Hannah J. Wiseman is an Assistant Professor at the Florida State University College of Law. "Dynamic Energy Federalism". Minnesota Legal Studies Research Paper No. 12-44 . http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2138127%26download=yes~~
II. FEDERALISM CHALLENGES TO ENERGY TRANSFORMATION
The production and movement of energy presents … barriers to effective and dynamic governance. Kalb 10 - Professor of Law @ Loyola University ~Johanna Kalb, "Dynamic Federalism in Human Rights Treaty Implementation," Tulane Law Review, Vol. 84, 2010. In Part III, I propose that applying a dynamic federalist … legitimate the resulting activity. Pg. 1030-1031 Roth 13 - Executive director of Human Rights Watch, one of the world’s leading international human rights organizations ~Kenneth Roth-http://www.hrw.org/bios/kenneth-roth, "What Rules Should Govern US Drone Attacks?-http://www.hrw.org/news/2013/03/11/what-rules-should-govern-us-drone-attacks," Human Rights Watch, March 11, 2013, pg. http://tinyurl.com/a7p38qo As bits and pieces of the Obama administration’s … using a drone to kill a drug trafficker in Burma.
The impact is global wars. Drone weaken norms against warCortright-http://davidcortright.net/ 11 - Director of policy studies for the Kroc Institute for International Peace Studies @ University of Notre Dame. ~David Cortright-http://davidcortright.net/ (Professor of peace studies and nonviolent social change @ University of Notre Dame), "The scary prospect of global drone warfare," CNN, updated 2:26 PM EDT, Wed October 19, 2011, pg. http://www.cnn.com/2011/10/19/opinion/cortright-drones What kind of a future are we creating for our children… civilians among the dead, including as many as 170 children. Powers, ’11 ~Emily C. Powers, J.D. Candidate, Brooklyn Law School. Journal of Law %26 Policy. "FRACKING AND FEDERALISM: SUPPORT FOR AN ADAPTIVE APPROACH THAT AVOIDS THE TRAGEDY OF THE REGULATORY COMMONS". LexisNexis.~
2. Adaptive Federalism and the Regulatory Commons
One theory has recently emerged that … who are not politically accountable. n282 Argetsinger, 11 — J.D. Candidate, Certificate in Environmental Law, Pace Law School
(Beren, Pace Environmental Law Review, "The Marcellus Shale: Bridge to a Clean Energy Future or Bridge to Nowhere?," 29 Pace Envtl. L. Rev. 321, Fall 2011, l/n, accessed 5-24-12, mss) As noted above, the EIA’s long-term projections estimate … we have a plan for properly handling this waste. n74 WWP, 10
(Western Watersheds Project, "Protecting Watersheds," 2010, www.westernwatersheds.org/issues/protecting-watersheds, accessed 5-29-12, mss)
Protecting Watersheds A watershed is land that contributes water to a … in the arid West which is literally running out of water. SOVACOOL 08 Research Fellow in the Energy Governance Program at the Centre on Asia and Globalization, Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy at the National University of Singapore. Adjunct Assistant Professor at the Virginia Polytechnic Institute ~Benjamin K. Sovacool, The Best of Both Worlds: Environmental Federalism and the Need for Federal Action on Renewable Energy and Climate Change, Stanford Environmental Law Journal, Date: June 1, 2008~ Part Four posits a theory for when the federal government … important for the signal it sends to the world. Burleson, ’11 ~Professor Elizabeth Burleson has a L.L.M. from the London School of Economics and a J.D. from the University of Connecticut School of Law. She has written reports for the United Nations and teaches at the Pace Law School. "ENERGY REVOLUTION AND DISASTER RESPONSE IN THE FACE OF CLIMATE CHANGE". Villanova Environmental Law Journal, Vol. 22, No. 169, 2011. http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1962375-http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1962375~~ Emergency preparedness requires substantive and … of human and ecological vulnerabilities.
global warsWerz %26 Conley 12 - Senior Fellow @American Progress where his work as member of the National Security Team focuses on the nexus of climate change, migration, and security and emerging democracies %26 Research Associate for National Security and International Policy @ the Center for American Progress ~Michael Werz %26 Laura Conley, "Climate Change, Migration, and Conflict: Addressing complex crisis scenarios in the 21st Century," Center for American Progress, January 2012~ The costs and consequences of climate change … all of which will affect food supplies. 19 Pg. 1-7 Brennan 08 – Lieutenant in the United States Navy ~James F. Brennan, "The China-India-Pakistan Water Crisis: Prospects for Interstate Conflict," Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS IN SECURITY STUDIES (FAR EAST, SOUTHEAST ASIA, PACIFIC) from the NAVAL POSTGRADUATE SCHOOL, September 2008
India and Pakistan’s enduring rivalry provides … the United States, to motivate change. pg. 45-46 Weitz 12 - Director of the Hudson Institute’s Center for Political-Military Analysis ~Richard Weitz, "Superpower Symbiosis: The Russia-China Axis," World Affairs, November/December 2012-http://www.worldaffairsjournal.org/issue/novemberdecember-2012, pg. http://tinyurl.com/cjcc3v2 A major worsening of China-Russia ties … which would achieve the one true communism. Rousseau 12 - Professor and Chair of Political Science and International Relations @ Khazar University ~Richard Rousseau, "Will China Colonize and Incorporate Siberia?," Harvard International Review, July 9, 2012 | 12:07 AM, pg. http://tinyurl.com/c55zp3n If Siberia is in fact awaiting a Chinese Future, a number of…, simulated airborne assaults and amphibious assault landings. Plan —- The United States federal government should determine federal law precludes relevant state and local restrictions on offshore wind energy.EBERHARDT 06 B.A., 1998, Swarthmore (Biology); M.F.S., 2001, Harvard; J.D. Candidate, 2006, New York University School of Law. Senior Notes Editor, 2005-2006, New York University Environmental Law Journal ~Robert W. Eberhardt, FEDERALISM AND THE SITING OF OFFSHORE WIND ENERGY FACILITIES, New York University Environmental Law Journal, 14 N.Y.U. Envtl. L.J. 374~ Changes to regulatory regimes that govern the … that fail to consider positive interstate spillovers. SCHROEDER 10 J.D., University of California, Berkeley, School of Law, 2010. M.E.M., Yale School of Forestry %26 Environmental Studies, 2004; B.A., Yale University, 2003 ~Erica Schroeder, COMMENT: Turning Offshore Wind On, October, 2010, California Law Review, 98 Calif. L. Rev. 1631~ In spite of the impressive growth in the U.S…. wind power needs for success in the United States. Solving regulatory confusion is necessary and sufficientPOWELL 12 J.D. Candidate, Boston University School of Law, 2013; B.A. Environmental Economics, Colgate University, 2007 ~Timothy H. Powell, REVISITING FEDERALISM CONCERNS IN THE OFFSHORE WIND ENERGY INDUSTRY IN LIGHT OF CONTINUED LOCAL OPPOSITION TO THE CAPE WIND PROJECT, Boston University Law Review, December, 2012, 92 B.U.L. Rev. 2023~ IV. The Problem and a Proposed Solution … coastal wind energy throughout the United States. GARDNER 12 – 31 – 12 Roll Call Staff ~Lauren Gardner, Obama Suggests Cliff Deal Would Extend Wind Tax Credit, http://www.rollcall.com/news/obama_suggests_cliff_deal_would_extend_wind_tax_credit-220432-1.html?pos=hln-http://www.rollcall.com/news/obama_suggests_cliff_deal_would_extend_wind_tax_credit-220432-1.html?pos=hln~~ President Barack Obama signaled Monday that … proposed a phase-out over the next few years. Port upgrades are inadequate and federal initiatives fail—private investment keyNatale, 1/31/13 ~We Need %2430.2 Billion by 2020¶ By Patrick J. Natale, P.E.¶ P.E., Executive Director, American Society of Civil Engineers, http://transportation.nationaljournal.com/2013/01/ports-matter-too.php-http://transportation.nationaljournal.com/2013/01/ports-matter-too.php~~ The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers estimates that over … seaports and inland waterways are critical links that make international commerce possible, and they deserve our attention. ¶ BONDAREFF 12 Counsel at Blank Rome – Focuses on Marine Transportation, Environment, %26 Legislative Issues ~Joan M. Bondareff, Is the Timing Right To Expedite Offshore Wind?, North American Windpower, July 2012, Industry Newsletter~ Europe has been at the forefront ,… a level playing field for industry across state borders. The plan causes colocation of manufacturing and port upgrades – creates a sustainable industryAWEA, 11 ~American Wind Energy Assosciation, http://www.awea.org/learnabout/publications/factsheets/upload/Offshore-Wind-America-s-New-Energy-Opportunity.pdf~~ Offshore Wind: America’s New Energy Opportunity….16 million and almost 10 million U.S. homes respectively. Economist, 2/3/13 ~Crying out for dollars, http://www.economist.com/news/united-states/21571167-underinvestment-ports-and-inland-waterways-imperils-american-competitiveness-crying-out~~ But it will take far more than that to get America’s … is not upholding its end of the partnership." O’hare, 1/28/13 ~US risks falling behind competition¶ By Kerry O’Hare¶ Vice President, Director of Policy, Building America’s Future, http://transportation.nationaljournal.com/2013/01/ports-matter-too.php~~ Ports are indeed integral to the U.S. economy. … competitors pass us by. We must not allow that to happen. Kiefer et al, 2k – principal investigator for Planning and Management Consultants– study authorized by Section 401 of the Water Resources Development Act of 1999, report to the US Army Corps of Engineers (Jack, Planning and Management Consultants, "The National Dredging Needs Study of Ports and Harbors Implications to Cost-Sharing of Federal Deep Draft Navigation Projects Due to Changes in the Maritime Industry", May 2000, http://www.iwr.usace.army.mil/docs/iwrreports/00-R-8.pdf) Some benefits of harbor improvements are difficult … are not limited to a handful of coastal states. Baru 9 – Sanjaya Baru is a Professor at the Lee Kuan Yew School in Singapore Geopolitical Implications of the Current Global Financial Crisis, Strategic Analysis, Volume 33, Issue 2 March 2009 , pages 163 – 168 Hence, economic policies and performance … , the classic ’guns versus butter’ dilemma. Mandelbaum, 5 – Professor and Director of the American Foreign Policy Program at Johns Hopkins – 2005
~Michael, The Case for Goliath: How America Acts As the World’s Government in the Twenty-First Century, p. 192-195~ Although the spread of nuclear weapons, with the corresponding … way resemble a fleet of cars without gasoline. Mandelbaum, 5 – Professor and Director of the American Foreign Policy Program at Johns Hopkins – 2005
~Michael, The Case for Goliath: How America Acts As the World’s Government in the Twenty-First Century, p. 224~ At best, an American withdrawal would bring with it some … the presence, in large numbers, of nuclear weapons. O’Hanlon, 12 (Kenneth Lieberthal, Director of the China Center, Senior Fellow at the Brookings Institution, Michael O’Hanlon, Director of Research, Senior Fellow at the Brookings Institution, "The Real National Security Threat: America’s Debt," Los Angeles Times, July 3, 2012, http://articles.latimes.com/2012/jul/03/opinion/la-oe-ohanlon-fiscal-reform-20120703) Lastly, American economic weakness undercuts … Major war will become more likely. TAYLOR 10 – 25 – 12 E%26E reporter ~Phil Taylor, OFFSHORE WIND: East Coast ports jockey to woo nascent U.S. industry, Greenwire: Thursday, October 25, 2012, http://www.eenews.net/public/Greenwire/2012/10/25/1~~ Port officials here are vowing to roll … vessel working in order to pay for it." |
| 03/31/2013 | |
| 03/31/2013 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: Plummer 29 J., Court Justice, MAX ZLOZOWER, Respondent, v. SAM LINDENBAUM et al., Appellants Civ. No. 3724COURT OF APPEAL OF CALIFORNIA, THIRD APPELLATE DISTRICT100 Cal. App. 766; 281 P. 102; 1929 Cal. App. LEXIS 404September 26, 1929, Decided, lexis
The word "restriction," when used in connection with the grant of interest in
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a particular event, or the performance or nonperformance of a particular act. Martin Borowski (Faculty at Birmingham Law School, Vice-President of the British Section of the International Association for Philosophy of Law and Social Philosophy) 2003 "Religious Freedom as a Fundamental Human Right, a Rawlsian Perspective" in Pluralism and Law, Conference Proceedings" p. 58
Despite the problems that arise In distinguishing restrictions and regulations, noted above, one
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has to be justified. The distinction between restrictions and regulations is expendable. |
| 03/31/2013 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: Taylor and Charlton 3/8/13 (J. Edward and Diane, Taylor is a Prof of Ag and Resource Economics and Director of the Center on Rural Economies of the Americans and Pacific Rim @ the U of California Davis, and Charlton is a PhD Student in Ag and Resource Economics @ UC Davis, Oxford University Press, "Why Are Mexicans Leaving Farm Work, And What Does This Mean for US Farmers") http://blog.oup.com/2013/03/mexicans-farm-work-united-states/
Agriculture in North America traditionally has had its comparative advantage in having access to abundant
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higher wages to induce new workers to migrate northward to US farm jobs. Krikorian 4 ~Mark, Executive Director of the Center for Immigration Studies, "Flawed Assumptions Underlying Guestworker Programs," February, http://www.cis.org/articles/2004/back204.html~~ Another assumption that underlies a guestworker program is that the infusion of low-skilled
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has served as a disincentive to farmers to make the necessary capital investment. Greenway, ’12 ~Twilight, food and farming writer. Yahoo News. "Can Fracking and Farming Mix in America’s Biggest Ag State?". http://news.yahoo.com/fracking-farming-mix-americas-biggest-ag-state-172039003.html~~
However, food and farming activists have been sounding
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concern, and that includes water availability. HAMILTON 2 – 28 – 13 Lamron Staff Writer – SUNY Geneso ~Bella Hamilton, On immigration reform, Obama and Congress must compromise, http://www.thelamron.com/opinion/on-immigration-reform-obama-and-congress-must-compromise-1.3001746-http://www.thelamron.com/opinion/on-immigration-reform-obama-and-congress-must-compromise-1.3001746~~ It is impossible to ignore the extent of
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his approval rating is the highest it has been since 2009. AP 3 – 27 – 13 http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5iro-yOddbr4F_vTzZD1xgFv9KNJQ?docId=ef575ceb4bce4bc2a8e706f72dda1718-http://www.google.com/hostednews/ap/article/ALeqM5iro-yOddbr4F_vTzZD1xgFv9KNJQ?docId=ef575ceb4bce4bc2a8e706f72dda1718 While overhauling the nation’s patchwork
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purposely handed off the effort to lawmakers. THE HILL 3 – 20 – 13 ~Amie Parnes and Justin Sink, Obama honeymoon may be over, http://thehill.com/homenews/administration/289179-obama-honeymoon-may-be-over-http://thehill.com/homenews/administration/289179-obama-honeymoon-may-be-over~~ The second-term honeymoon for President Obama
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"It’s not looking so good right now." PBS NEWS 3 – 28 – 13 http://www.pbs.org/newshour/rundown/2013/03/gay-marriage-cases-now-in-justices-hands.html-http://www.pbs.org/newshour/rundown/2013/03/gay-marriage-cases-now-in-justices-hands.html While Mr. Obama pressures Congress to adopt gun control legislation
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and which are central to the Democrats’ bill. Obama doesn’t push the plan and DOI solves the link.MENDELSON 10 Professor of Law – University of Michigan Law School ~Nina A. Mendelson, "Disclosing "Political" Oversight of Agency Decision Making," Michigan Law Review, Vol. 108, p.1127-1175, http://www.michiganlawreview.org/assets/pdfs/108/7/mendelson.pdf-http://www.michiganlawreview.org/assets/pdfs/108/7/mendelson.pdf~~
Even if presidential supervision of agency decisions is well known to the voting population,
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this amounts to reduced electoral accountability for actions taken by administrative agencies. 188 LEE 05 The Rose Institute of State %26 Local Government – Claremont McKenna College – Presented at the Georgia Political Science Association 2005 Conference
~Andrew, "Invest or Spend?:Political capital and Statements of Administration Policy in the First Term of the George W. Bush Presidency," http://a-s.clayton.edu/trachtenberg/2005%20Proceedings%20Lee.pdf~~
Instead of investing political capital, the president
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term’s adherence to this hypothesis. Conathon, 2/28/13 ~[Michael Conathan is the Director of Ocean Policy at American Progress. "Making the Economic Case for Offshore Wind". Center for American Progress. http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/green/report/2013/02/28/54988/making-the-economic-case-for-offshore-wind/-http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/green/report/2013/02/28/54988/making-the-economic-case-for-offshore-wind/~]
The U.S. offshore wind industry is emerging from the political doldrums that
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moving them closer to renewable energy targets and away from polluting fossil fuels. Portland Press Herald, ’12 ~[Nov 23. "Collins’ Clout: is it likely to grow?". http://www.pressherald.com/news/centrist-clout-seen-for-collins_2012-11-23.html?pageType=mobile%26id=1~~]
WASHINGTON - The departure of Olympia Snowe and other like-
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positions on powerful committees, where most legislative work occurs. HIRSH 2 – 7 – 13 chief correspondent for National Journal, previously served as the senior editor and national economics correspondent for Newsweek. Overseas Press Club award for best magazine reporting from abroad in 2001 and for Newsweek’s coverage of the war on terror, which also won a National Magazine Award ~[Michael Hirsh, There’s No Such Thing as Political Capital, http://www.nationaljournal.com/magazine/there-s-no-such-thing-as-political-capital-20130207~~]
But the abrupt emergence of the immigration and gun-control issues illustrates how suddenly
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change positions to get on the winning side. It’s a bandwagon effect." Savitz 11 ~[Bipartisan House Bill Seeks to Jump Start U.S. Offshore Wind Development, org/en/news-media/press-center/press-releases Provides Renewed Incentive to Stimulate Investment, Create Jobs and Increase Clean Energy Production, http://oceana.org/en/news-media/press-center/press-releases/bipartisan-house-bill-seeks-to-jump-start-us-offshore-wind-development~~] U.S. House Representatives Pascrell (D-NJ-8) and
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jobs and sustained domestic economic growth from a clean, infinite energy resource. |
| 03/31/2013 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: Larson, ’10 - Christina Larson is a journalist focusing on international environmental issues, based in Beijing and Washington, D.C ~"America’s Unfounded Fears of A Green-Tech Race with China". Environment360. http://e360.yale.edu/feature/americas_unfounded_fears_of_a_green-tech_race_with_china/2238/~~
"Even when you are looking at these big numbers that are coming out of
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technology, it might begin to recognize its own strengths in this field. Wanga 12 (Zhongying – Energy Research Institute of the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC), PR China, Haiyan Qinb – China General Certification Center (CGC), PR China, Joanna I. Lewisc – Edmund A. Walsh School of Foreign Service, Georgetown University – United States, China’s wind power industry: Policy support, technological achievements, and emerging challenges, Energy Policy, Volume 51, December 2012, Pages 80–88)
3. Obstacles to continued success
While China’s wind power achievements are certainly remarkable, several challenges to its sustained growth
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and by association it could be devastating for the entire Chinese wind industry. Bruce Gilley, January 2007. Assistant professor of political studies at Queen’s University in Canada, and former contributing editor at the Far Eastern Economic Review. "Is China Stuck?" Journal of Democracy, 18.1, Project Muse. Yet what if the CCP is actually quite responsive?
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China are bright and no collapse is likely. Epoch Times, 3-26-2013.
("China’s Debt Crisis Looms, Economists Say," http://www.theepochtimes.com/n2/china-news/chinas-debt-crisis-looms-economists-say-369183.html)
For years, economists have known that China is
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That will cause further economic dislocation, and itself may trigger civil unrest. China will not risk war—economics and diplomacyFravel 12—Associate Professor of Political Science and member of the Security Studies Program at MIT. Taylor is a graduate of Middlebury College and Stanford University, where he received his PhD. He has been a Postdoctoral Fellow at the Olin Institute for Strategic Studies at Harvard University, a Predoctoral Fellow at the Center for International Security and Cooperation at Stanford University, a Fellow with the Princeton-Harvard China and the World Program and a Visiting Scholar at the American Academy of Arts and Sciences(M. Taylor, "All Quiet in the South China Sea," March 22nd, 2012, http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/137346/m-taylor-fravel/all-quiet-in-the-south-china-sea-http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/137346/m-taylor-fravel/all-quiet-in-the-south-china-sea)
Little noticed, however, has been China’s recent
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news for stability in the region.
Goldstein 11—Professor and Director of the China Maritime Studies Institute @ US Naval War College ~[Dr. Lyle J. Goldstein, "Resetting the US–China Security Relationship," Survival | vol. 53 no. 2 | April–May 2011 | pp. 89–116~]
Weighed in the aggregate, China’s rise remains a peaceful process, and the record
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no possibility of reaching a breakthrough in border negotiations.’2 pg. 90 AOL Energy, 10/29/12 ~["Has Germany’s Wind Power Sector Escaped the Grim Fate of Solar PV?", http://energy.aol.com/2012/10/29/has-germany-s-wind-power-sector-escaped-the-grim-fate-of-solar-p/~~]
While Germany’s once soaring photovoltaic sector is going through very hard times – a consequence
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should expect even tougher competition coming its way soon, possibly from China. Keller 12 - Writer and former Executive Editor for The New York Times ~html, "The Day After," New York Times, Published: April 29, 2012, pg. http://tinyurl.com/bguuedl Fifteen years ago, when many Korea scholars were predicting that — with the end
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their weapons programs, and that they cannot be trusted to keep a bargain. War now eliminates a short-term risk of a super EMP attack and a return to the Dark AgesPry 2/28/13 - Executive Director of the Task Force on National and Homeland Security and Director of the U.S. Nuclear Strategy Forum, both congressional advisory boards, and served in the Congressional EMP Commission, the Congressional Strategic Posture Commission, the House Armed Services Committee, and the CIA. ~[Dr. Peter Vincent Pry, "Op-Ed: Underestimating North Korea and Iran," Arutz Sheva, Published: Thursday, February 28, 2013 12:41 PM, pg. http://www.israelnationalnews.com/Articles/Article.aspx/12944~~%23.UT_vUBk1bZs In fact, North Korea and Iran imperil the political
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, will they want to take America with them, down into darkness? CFR 2/15/13 ~[Council on Foreign Relations, "North Korea’s Nuclear Test: Three Things to Know," February 15, 2013, pg. http://www.cfr.org/north-korea/north-koreas-nuclear-test-three-things-know/p30011 North Korea’s third successful nuclear test
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, but it has been reluctant to exert its influence, he says. No escalation – North Korea lacks a useable nuke and the war will force China to abandon DPRKWelsh 2/15/13 -Professor in International Relations @ University of Oxford ~[Jennifer M. Welsh, "Why North Korea’s nuclear blast will test China’s support," The Globe and Mail, Published Friday, Feb. 15 2013, 10:18 AM EST, pg. http://tinyurl.com/a9le6oj First, there is the nature of the test itself. Previously,
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. But the Soviet example suggests that we should "never say never." |
| 03/31/2013 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: AND, Shifts the blame.Overby 3 – A. Brooke, Professor of Law, Tulane University School of Law, "Our New Commercial Law Federalism." Temple University of the Commonwealth System of Higher Education Temple Law Review, Summer, 2003 76 Temp. L. Rev. 297 Lexis We held in New York that Congress cannot compel the States to enact or enforce
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does not erase these concerns with accountability, it does ameliorate them slightly. GLICKSMAN %26 LEVY 08 Professors of Law at the University of Kansas ~Robert Glicksman and Richard Levy. "A COLLECTIVE ACTION PERSPECTIVE ON CEILING PREEMPTION BY FEDERAL ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION: THE CASE OF GLOBALCLIMATE CHANGE." Northwestern University Law Review. Vol 102 No. 2. http://www.law.northwestern.edu/lawreview/v102/n2/579/LR102n2Glicksman%26Levy.pdf-http://www.law.northwestern.edu/lawreview/v102/n2/579/LR102n2Glicksman%26Levy.pdf~~ Perhaps the strongest argument for ceiling preemption based on the legislative purpose of minimizing regulatory
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differ from state to state in the absence of preemptive federal regulation.28 |
| 03/31/2013 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: No internal link – their ev says percpeiton of fracking is enough; and, it’s mostly about oilRichard Weitz 13, senior fellow and director of the Center for Political-Military Affairs at Hudson Institute, 1/29/13, "Global Insights: Oil Sector a Challenge for Russia, Opportunity for U.S.," http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/12672/global-insights-oil-sector-a-challenge-for-russia-opportunity-for-u-s-http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/12672/global-insights-oil-sector-a-challenge-for-russia-opportunity-for-u-s Though Russian oil production continues to rise and is
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and Moscow, will contribute to the health of bilateral ties moving forward. Doty 10/23/12 - Energy market analyst @ Doty Scientific ~Glen Doty, "Wind Power Will Blow Natural Gas Prices Much Higher," Seeking Alpha, October 23, 2012, pg. http://tinyurl.com/9od9ac8 My first article-http://seekingalpha.com/article/715911-winter-is-coming-natural-gas-prices-must-rise demonstrated clearly that the crash in the natural gas market (UNG-http://seekingalpha.com/symbol/ung
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price points for dispatch switching between baseload and natural gas (balance power). No exports —- too expensive, spread of shale boom and local oppositionNYT 13 ~Clifford, reporter for the NYT, "Exports of American Natural Gas May Fall Short of High Hopes," 1-5, http://www.nytimes.com/2013/01/05/business/energy-environment/exports-of-us-gas-may-fall-short-of-high-hopes.html?pagewanted=all%26_r=0~~
Countries around the world are importing drilling expertise and equipment in hopes of cracking open
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never built because of local opposition or lack of government permits and financing. No relations collapse — both sides will maintain cooperation.Sestanovich, ’8
~Stephen, Kathryn and Shelby Cullom Davis Professor of International Diplomacy at Columbia University and George F. Kennan Senior Fellow for Russian and Eurasian Studies at the Council on Foreign Relations; Ambassador-at-Large for the former Soviet Union from 1997 to 200November/December. "What Has Moscow Done?" Foreign Affairs, Vol. 87, Iss. 6, Nov/Dec 2008~ Against this backdrop, Russia’s invasion of a small neighbor might have seemed to be
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not changed this outlook, and for the foreseeable future probably nothing will.
Ostapenko, ’9
~Trend News, "Normalization in U.S.-Russian relations not to change political situation in world: analyst at French studies institute," 7-8, http://en.trend.az/news/important/opinion/1501081.html~~ Normalization of relations between the United States and Russia will not assume a global significance
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problems with the aging of population, unlike European countries, including Russia. Copelon 98 – Professor of Law and Director of the International Women’s Human Rights Law Clinic (IWHR) @ City University of New York ~Rhonda Copelon, "The Indivisible Framework of International Human Rights: A Source of Social Justice in the U.S.," New York City Law Review, 3 N.Y. City L. Rev. 59, 1998 / 1999 Until recently, it may have seemed that the New Deal social welfare programs of
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bring the human rights framework to bear on both domestic and foreign policy. |
