| 09/22/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: 1AC- GSU Contention 1: Inherency The DOE spent 450 million dollars on SMR’s this year and Obama has taken credit- takes out any perception or funding disads Energy.gov ’12 (Energy.gov, “Obama Administration Announces $450 Million to Design and Commercialize U.S. Small Modular Nuclear Reactors”, http://energy.gov/articles/obama-administration-announces-450-million-design-and-commercialize-us-small-modular, March 22, 2012, LEQ) Obama Administration Announces $450 Million to Design and Commercialize U.S. ……from advanced reactor concepts to enhanced safety design. Plan Plan: The Department of Defense should initiate power-purchase agreements of Small Modular Reactors in the United States. Contention 2: Military Capabilities Small Modular Reactors are key to sustain US warfighting capabilities- two internal links First is reliance on the grid SMR’s are key to “island” military bases from the grid- blackouts will collapse the military- this independently jacks space systems Loudermilk ’11 (Micah J. Loudermilk, Micah J. Loudermilk is a Research Associate for the Energy and Environmental Security Policy program with the Institute for National Strategic Studies at National Defense University, “Small Nuclear Reactors: Enabling Energy Security for Warfighters”, March 27, 2011, LEQ) Last month, the Institute for National Strategic Studies at National Defense University ….fears that would surely arise from the distribution of reactors across the country. Independently- space systems are key to US hegemony Imburgia ‘11 (Lt. Col. and Judge Advocate in Air Force, Joseph S. Imburgia, J.D., University of Tennessee College of Law (2002); LL.M., The Judge Advocate General’s Legal Center and School, U.S. Army, Charlottesville, Va. (2009)), a Judge Advocate in the United States Air Force and is presently assigned as a legal exchange officer to the Directorate of Operations and International Law, Defence Legal, Australian Defence Force, Canberra, Australia, 2011, “Space Debris and Its Threat to National Security: A Proposal for a Binding International Agreement to Clean Up the Junk,” Scholar) These gloomy prognostications ….these space capabilities should also be vital The second internal link is operational vulnerability- Dependency on oil for forward-deployed bases has become an Achilles Heel - SMR’s are key to fuel in-theatre military endeavors Andres and Breetz ‘11 (Richard B. Andres is professor of National Security Strategy at the National War College and a Senior Fellow and Energy and Environmental Security and Policy chair in the Center for Strategic Research, Institute for National Strategic Studies, at the National Defense University, Hanna L. Breetz is a doctoral candidate in the Department of Political Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, “Small Nuclear Reactors for Military Installations: Capabilities, Costs, and Technological Implications”, February 16, 2011, LEQ) Operational Vulnerability. Operational …save hundreds or thousands of U.S. lives.
This risks disrupting hegemony and military capabilities- dependency on oil puts the military on razor’s edge and risk hamstringing all military functions Voth ’12 (Jeffrey M. Voth is the president of Herren Associates leading a team of consultants advising the federal government on issues of national security, energy and environment, health care and critical information technology infrastructure, George Washing University Homeland Security Policy Institute, “In Defense of Energy – A Call to Action”, http://securitydebrief.com/2012/04/11/in-defense-of-energy-a-call-to-action/, April 11, 2012, LEQ) Last month, the Pentagon released its …still as a military or as a nation, we are falling behind.” Independently- fuel dependency wrecks the DOD’s budget through oil cost- spills over into other projects Freed ’12 (Josh Freed, Vice President for Clean Energy, Third Way, “Improving capability, protecting budget”, http://energy.nationaljournal.com/2012/05/powering-our-military-whats-th.php, May 21, 2012, LEQ) As Third Way explains in a digest being …decided to invest in these efforts. End of story. Collapse of American military power would take globalization and the world down with it Barnett ’11 (Former Senior Strategic Researcher and Professor @ Naval War College, 11 (Thomas, Former Senior Strategic Researcher and Professor in the Warfare Analysis and Research Department, Center for Naval Warfare Studies, U.S. Naval War College American military geostrategist and Chief Analyst at Wikistrat., worked as the Assistant for Strategic Futures in the Office of Force Transformation in the Department of Defense, “The New Rules: Leadership Fatigue Puts U.S., and Globalization, at Crossroads,” March 7 http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/8099/the-new-rules-leadership-fatigue-puts-u-s-and-globalization-at-crossroads) Events in Libya are a further reminder …all of its forms, deeply embedded in the geometry to come. Contention 3: Nuclear Industry SMR’s are key to jump-starting the dormant US nuclear industry- DOD action is key to overcome market barriers and eliminate the stigma surrounding nuclear energy Loudermilk and Andres ’10 (Richard B. Andres is a Senior Fellow at the Institute for National Strategic Studies at National Defense University and a Professor of National Security Strategy at the National War College, Micah J. Loudermilk is a researcher at the Institute for National Strategic Studies at National Defense University, “Small Reactors and the Military's Role in Securing America's Nuclear Industry”, http://sitrep.globalsecurity.org/articles/100823646-small-reactors-and-the-militar.htm, April 23, 2010, LEQ) Faced with the dual-obstacles of …presents a realistic route by which their adoption can be achieved. Scenario One- Econ Nuclear industry revival increases labor and manufacturing - boost the economy Adams ’10 (Rod Adams. Naval War College diploma in National Policy and Strategy (with highest honors) May 2003 - GPA 4.0, Pro-nuclear advocate with small nuclear plant operating and design experience. Former submarine Engineer Officer. Founder, Adams Atomic Engines, Inc. Host and producer, The Atomic Show Podcast, “Nuclear Industry Can Lead a Revival in Skilled Labor and Manufacturing in the United States”, http://atomicinsights.com/2010/11/nuclear-industry-can-lead-a-revival-in-skilled-labor-and-manufacturing-in-the-united-states.html, November 15, 2010, LEQ) The Nuclear Energy Institute, …economic expansion. In fact, it already has. SMRs key to spurring US competitiveness Fleischmann ’11 (Chuck, Representative from the 3rd District in Tennessee, “Small Modular Reactors Could Help With U.S. Energy Needs”, American Physical Society, Vol. 6, No. 2, http://www.aps.org/publications/capitolhillquarterly/201110/backpage.cfm, October 2011) The timely implementation ….technologies in the nuclear arena. And revitalization of the US manufacturing sector is the vital internal link into overcoming the recession- it would solve for job growth and sustainable economic growth- but energy efficiency is key to this process Hutchinson ’12 (Robert Hutchinson and Ryan Matley, Managing Director Robert "Hutch" Hutchinson is a managing director for the research and consulting activities at RMI, Ryan Matley isConsultant with RMI’s electricity practice, where he focuses on the implementation of demand side management programs, including analyzing new business models and program approaches to improve uptake. In addition to research work on RMI’s Reinventing Fire and Next Generation Utility initiatives, Ryan has worked on consulting engagements in the areas of industrial process efficiency, renewable energy and the future of the electricity system. “Can Radical Efficiency Revive U.S. Manufacturing?”, http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=undertake-radical-efficiency-to-revive-us-industryandoffset=2, March 16, 2012, LEQ) Both traditional and new …benefits for America at the same time. Economic downturn causes great power wars and extinction. AUSLIN ‘9 - scholar at American Enterprise Institute (Michael, “The global Economy Unravels” American Enterprise Institute, http://www.aei.org/publications/filter.all,pubID.29502/pub_detail.asp) What do these trends mean in the …of small explosions that coalesce into a big bang Scenario Two - TerrorismSMR’s are key to secure US nuclear global leadership prevents unsafe prolif- nuclear development is inevitable globally which triggers any nuclear power bad turns but absent US leadership it risk unsafe proliferation Loudermilk ’11 (Micah K. Loudermilk, Contributor Micah J. Loudermilk is a Research Associate for the Energy and Environmental Security Policy program with the Institute for National Strategic Studies at National Defense University, contracted through ASE Inc, “Small Nuclear Reactors and US Energy Security: Concepts, Capabilities, and Costs”, http://www.ensec.org/index.php?option=com_contentandview=articleandid=314:small-nuclear-reactors-and-us-energy-security-concepts-capabilities-and-costsandcatid=116:content0411andItemid=375, May 31, 2011, LEQ) For years, proponents of nuclear …distribution of nuclear fuel allayed.
And lack of US-enforced safe-guards concerning nuclear development risk terrorist acquisition –nuclear terrorism is inevitable in status quo Brill and Luongo ’12 (Kenneth C. Brill is a former U.S. ambassador to the I.A.E.A.Kenneth N. Luongo is president of the Partnership for Global Security. Both are members of the Fissile Material Working Group, a nonpartisan nongovernmental organization, “Nuclear Terrorism: A Clear Danger”, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/16/opinion/nuclear-terrorism-a-clear-danger.html, March 15, 2012, LEQ) Terrorists exploit gaps …security regime in place before this decade ends. Nuclear terrorism causes risk accidental retaliation with Russia and China- sparks a nuclear war Ayson ‘10 (Professor of Strategic Studies and Director of the Centre for Strategic Studies: New Zealand at the Victoria University of Wellington (Robert, July. “After a Terrorist Nuclear Attack: Envisaging Catalytic Effects.” Studies in Conflict and Terrorism, Vol. 33, Issue 7. InformaWorld.) But these two nuclear worlds—a non-state ….that the latter found itself unable or unwilling to provide.
Contention 4: Solvency First- the Department of Defense is the key agency to fund Small Modular Reactors- a demonstration project will get the industry off the ground Andres and Breetz ‘11 (Richard B. Andres is professor of National Security Strategy at the National War College and a Senior Fellow and Energy and Environmental Security and Policy chair in the Center for Strategic Research, Institute for National Strategic Studies, at the National Defense University, Hanna L. Breetz is a doctoral candidate in the Department of Political Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, “Small Nuclear Reactors for Military Installations: Capabilities, Costs, and Technological Implications”, February 16, 2011, LEQ) DoD as first Mover Thus far… it should pursue a leader- ship role now. DOD needs make or break the solvency of the Affirmative- DOD implementation is vital to get optimal capabilities- this takes out any free market counterplans Andres and Breetz ‘11 (Richard B. Andres is professor of National Security Strategy at the National War College and a Senior Fellow and Energy and Environmental Security and Policy chair in the Center for Strategic Research, Institute for National Strategic Studies, at the National Defense University, Hanna L. Breetz is a doctoral candidate in the Department of Political Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, “Small Nuclear Reactors for Military Installations: Capabilities, Costs, and Technological Implications”, February 16, 2011, LEQ) Technological Lock-in. A second risk …the industry’s timeline and trajectory.
SMR’s are an energy game changer- but DOD purchasing agreements are key to just-start the industry and determining optimal configurations Madia ’12 (William Madia, Stanford Energy Journal, Dr. Madia serves as Chairman of the Board of Overseers and Vice President for the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory at Stanford University. Previously, he was the Laboratory Director at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory from 2000-2004 and the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory from 1994-1999., “SMALL MODULAR REACTORS: A POTENTIAL GAME-CHANGING TECHNOLOGY”, http://energyclub.stanford.edu/index.php/Journal/Small_Modular_Reactors_by_William_Madia, Spring 2012, LEQ) There is a new type of …component of our national energy strategy.
And a purchase-power agreement solves best- it incentivizes private market action while reducing overhead cost of electricity for the government – creates a win/win- multiple markets exist Rosner, Goldberg, and Hezir ’11 (Robert Rosner, Robert Rosner is an astrophysicist and founding director of the Energy Policy Institute at Chicago. He was the director of Argonne National Laboratory from 2005 to 2009, and Stephen Goldberg, Energy Policy Institute at Chicago, The Harris School of Public Policy Studies, Joseph S. Hezir, Principal, EOP Foundation, Inc., Many people have made generous and valuable contributions to this study. Professor Geoff Rothwell, Stanford University, provided the study team with the core and supplemental analyses and very timely and pragmatic advice. Dr. J’Tia Taylor, Argonne National Laboratory, supported Dr. Rothwell in these analyses. Deserving special mention is Allen Sanderson of the Economics Department at the University of Chicago, who provided insightful comments and suggested improvements to the study. Constructive suggestions have been received from Dr. Pete Lyons, DOE Assistant Secretary of Nuclear Energy; Dr. Pete Miller, former DOE Assistant Secretary of Nuclear Energy; John Kelly, DOE Deputy Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Reactor Technologies; Matt Crozat, DOE Special Assistant to the Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy; Vic Reis, DOE Senior Advisor to the Under Secretary for Science; and Craig Welling, DOE Deputy Office Director, Advanced Reactor Concepts Office, as well as Tim Beville and the staff of DOE’s Advanced Reactor Concepts Office. The study team also would like to acknowledge the comments and useful suggestions the study team received during the peer review process from the nuclear industry, the utility sector, and the financial sector. Reviewers included the following: Rich Singer, VP Fuels, Emissions, and Transportation, MidAmerican Energy Co.; Jeff Kaman, Energy Manager, John Deere; Dorothy R. Davidson, VP Strategic Programs, AREVA; T. J. Kim, Director—Regulatory Affairs and Licensing, Generation mPower, Babcock and Wilcox; Amir Shahkarami, Senior Vice President, Generation, Exelon Corp.; Michael G. Anness, Small Modular Reactor Product Manager, Research and Technology, Westinghouse Electric Co.; Matthew H. Kelley and Clark Mykoff, Decision Analysis, Research and Technology, Westinghouse Electric Co.; George A. Davis, Manager, New Plant Government Programs, Westinghouse Electric Co.; Christofer Mowry, President, Babcock and Wilcox Nuclear Energy, Inc.; Ellen Lapson, Managing Director, Fitch Ratings; Stephen A. Byrne, Executive Vice President, Generation and Transmission Chief Operating Officer, South Carolina Electric and Gas Company; Paul Longsworth, Vice President, New Ventures, Fluor; Ted Feigenbaum, Project Director, Bechtel Corp.; Kennette Benedict, Executive Director, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientist; Bruce Landrey, CMO, NuScale; Dick Sandvik, NuScale; and Andrea Sterdis, Senior Manager of Strategic Nuclear Expansion, Tennessee Valley Authority. The authors especially would like to acknowledge the discerning comments from Marilyn Kray, Vice-President at Exelon, throughout the course of the study, “Small Modular Reactors – Key to Future Nuclear Power”, http://epic.uchicago.edu/sites/epic.uchicago.edu/files/uploads/SMRWhite_Paper_Dec.14.2011copy.pdf, November 2011, LEQ) 6.2 GOVERNMENT SPONSORSHIP OF MARKET …initial markets for SMR plants.
Government intervention sparks learning benefits of projects - this overcomes any economic barriers- absent purchasing agreements though SMR’s will fail Rosner, Goldberg, and Hezir ’11 (Robert Rosner, Robert Rosner is an astrophysicist and founding director of the Energy Policy Institute at Chicago. He was the director of Argonne National Laboratory from 2005 to 2009, and Stephen Goldberg, Energy Policy Institute at Chicago, The Harris School of Public Policy Studies, Joseph S. Hezir, Principal, EOP Foundation, Inc., Many people have made generous and valuable contributions to this study. Professor Geoff Rothwell, Stanford University, provided the study team with the core and supplemental analyses and very timely and pragmatic advice. Dr. J’Tia Taylor, Argonne National Laboratory, supported Dr. Rothwell in these analyses. Deserving special mention is Allen Sanderson of the Economics Department at the University of Chicago, who provided insightful comments and suggested improvements to the study. Constructive suggestions have been received from Dr. Pete Lyons, DOE Assistant Secretary of Nuclear Energy; Dr. Pete Miller, former DOE Assistant Secretary of Nuclear Energy; John Kelly, DOE Deputy Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Reactor Technologies; Matt Crozat, DOE Special Assistant to the Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy; Vic Reis, DOE Senior Advisor to the Under Secretary for Science; and Craig Welling, DOE Deputy Office Director, Advanced Reactor Concepts Office, as well as Tim Beville and the staff of DOE’s Advanced Reactor Concepts Office. The study team also would like to acknowledge the comments and useful suggestions the study team received during the peer review process from the nuclear industry, the utility sector, and the financial sector. Reviewers included the following: Rich Singer, VP Fuels, Emissions, and Transportation, MidAmerican Energy Co.; Jeff Kaman, Energy Manager, John Deere; Dorothy R. Davidson, VP Strategic Programs, AREVA; T. J. Kim, Director—Regulatory Affairs and Licensing, Generation mPower, Babcock and Wilcox; Amir Shahkarami, Senior Vice President, Generation, Exelon Corp.; Michael G. Anness, Small Modular Reactor Product Manager, Research and Technology, Westinghouse Electric Co.; Matthew H. Kelley and Clark Mykoff, Decision Analysis, Research and Technology, Westinghouse Electric Co.; George A. Davis, Manager, New Plant Government Programs, Westinghouse Electric Co.; Christofer Mowry, President, Babcock and Wilcox Nuclear Energy, Inc.; Ellen Lapson, Managing Director, Fitch Ratings; Stephen A. Byrne, Executive Vice President, Generation and Transmission Chief Operating Officer, South Carolina Electric and Gas Company; Paul Longsworth, Vice President, New Ventures, Fluor; Ted Feigenbaum, Project Director, Bechtel Corp.; Kennette Benedict, Executive Director, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientist; Bruce Landrey, CMO, NuScale; Dick Sandvik, NuScale; and Andrea Sterdis, Senior Manager of Strategic Nuclear Expansion, Tennessee Valley Authority. The authors especially would like to acknowledge the discerning comments from Marilyn Kray, Vice-President at Exelon, throughout the course of the study, “Small Modular Reactors – Key to Future Nuclear Power”, http://epic.uchicago.edu/sites/epic.uchicago.edu/files/uploads/SMRWhite_Paper_Dec.14.2011copy.pdf, November 2011, LEQ) As illustrated in the previous …model are discussed in the subsections that follow.
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| 10/06/2012 | Tournament: Kentucky | Round: 1 | Opponent: Harvard DT | Judge: Waldinger
2AC Incentives We meet – we give the industry money and tax credits
Epa.gov 12 “Solar Power Purchase Agreements,” May 24th, http://www.epa.gov/greenpower/buygp/solarpower.htm
A Solar Power Purchase Agreement (SPPA) is a financial arrangement in which a
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credits and income generated from the sale of electricity to the host customer. DoE says we’re T
Waxman 98 – Solicitor General of the US (Seth, Brief for the United States in Opposition for the US Supreme Court case HARBERT/LUMMUS AGRIFUELS PROJECTS, ET AL., PETITIONERS v. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, http://www.justice.gov/osg/briefs/1998/0responses/98-0697.resp.opp.pdf)
2 On November 15, 1986, Keefe was delegated “the authority, with
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or his delegate(s).” Pet. App. 111-113. Interpretation – incentives are the disbursement of public funds
Gielecki 1, Mark, economist with the Energy Information Administration, Fred Mayes, Senior Technical Advisor for the coal, nuclear, and renewables program within the EIA, Lawrence Prete, retired from the EIA, “Incentives, Mandates, and Government Programs for Promoting Renewable Energy,” February, http://lobby.la.psu.edu/_107th/128_PURPA/Agency_Activities/EIA/Incentive_Mandates_and_Government.htm
Over the years, incentives and mandates for renewable energy have been used to advance
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the commercial viability of the good(s) provided. (4) aff ground – they destroy nuclear affs which are the heart of the topic – outweighs because it’s a prerequisite to clash Good is good enough – competing interpretations forces a race to the bottom and judge intervention – this is no less arbitrary than deciding limits are key CP
Perm do both
Shields form politics
Links to politics – costs a lot to expand means it links to their mocully spending evidence and
searson ev. Military energy Doesn’t solve fuel convoy or budget internals Only smr’s solve the grid – renewables fail
Charles Barton 11, founder of the Nuclear Green Revolution blog, MA in philosophy, “Future storm damage to the grid may carry unacceptable costs”, April 30, http://nucleargreen.blogspot.com/2011_04_01_archive.html Amory Lovins has long argued that the traditional grid is vulnerable to this sort of
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use of renewable electrical generation approaches may worsen rather than improved grid reliability. Disease
Sats key to disease monitoring
Harmon ‘9 (Katherine, News Reporter @ Scientific American “Satellites Used to Predict Infectious Disease Outbreaks” 8/24, http://www.scientificamerican.com/author.cfm?id=1822) Rather than searching for weird weather or enemy missiles, some satellites are helping researchers
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on the globe that a pathogen can really remain isolated," he says. Extinction
Yu ‘9 (Victoria, “Human Extinction: The Uncertainty of Our Fate,” Dartmouth Journal of Undergraduate Science, May 22, http://dujs.dartmouth.edu/spring-2009/human-extinction-the-uncertainty-of-our-fate) In the past, humans have indeed fallen victim to viruses. Perhaps the best
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could only infect birds — into a human-viable strain (10). 2AC Sequestration
The lame duck will stop the sequester
Washington Post 9/14/12 (Suzy Khimm on Ezra Klein’s Wonkblog, “The sequester, explained”)
No one on Capitol Hill thinks any deal will happen before Election Day. After
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session to buy legislators more time to come up with a grand bargain.
Military policy on energy isn’t subject to political debate
Heslop ‘11 (Janelle, Analyst at GreenOrder and LRN Advsior Group, “3 Reasons Why the Military is Leading the Clean-Energy Change” 10/11/11) 3. Even while national progress on energy policy stagnates in the midst of partisan
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the near term and will likely stay that way for some time. Turn- plan’s popular
Kearney ’12 (Michele Kearney, Nuclear Wire Major News, “BPC Nuclear Initiative Leads Expert Discussion on Deployment of Small Modular Reactors “, http://michelekearneynuclearwire.blogspot.com/2012/03/bpc-nuclear-initiative-leads-expert.html, March 20, 2012, LEQ)
SMRs an “Exciting Frontier for Nuclear Technology” with Bipartisan Support in Congress note
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S. involvement in nuclear technologies to effectively engage in international nonproliferation issues. The election dictates Obama’s political capital
The Hill 9/29/12 (Mike Lillis, “Democrats Lay Out Second-Term Wish List for Presidential Obama”)
The presidential contest is far from over, but House Democrats are already readying their
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allies in the House are already offering tips for how to spend it.
Funding for nuclear power is bipartisan
King et. al. ’11 (Marcus King , LaVar Huntzinger , Thoi Nguyen, CNA Think Tank, Environment and Energy Team, “Feasibility of Nuclear Power on U.S. Military Installations”, March 31, 2011, LEQ) It is widely believed that the 1979 accident at the Three Mile Island Power Plant
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that provide funding for new nuclear research and incentives for the nuclear industry. Obama not investing capital
The Hill 8/25/12 (“Obama, Romney Show Little Interest in Pre-Election Day Deal on Sequestration”)
The senators have frequently ……….. to continue” to pressure Obama on the cuts. Not Intrinsic - Logical policy maker would pass the plan and the sequestration renegotiations
Turn- military alternative energy specifically is popular- protected from debate
Davenport ’12 (Coral Davenport is the energy and environment correspondent for National Journal. Prior to joining National Journal in 2010, Davenport covered energy and environment for Politico, and before that, for Congressional Quarterly, “Pentagon's Clean-Energy Initiatives Could Help Troops—and President Obama”, http://www.nationaljournal.com/pentagon-s-clean-energy-initiatives-could-help-troops-and-president-obama-20120411?mrefid=site_search, April 11, 2012, LEQ) The Pentagon plans to roll out a new slate of clean- and renewable-
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said could cost up to $7 billion—will be privately financed. Non Unique: The DOE spent 450 million dollars on SMR’s this year and Obama has taken credit- takes out any perception or funding disads that’s energy gov. Plan builds political capital – winners win
Green 6/11/10 – professor of political science at Hofstra University (David Michael Green, 6/11/10, " The Do-Nothing 44th President ", http://www.opednews.com/articles/The-Do-Nothing-44th-Presid-by-David-Michael-Gree-100611-648.html)
Moreover, there is a continuously evolving and reciprocal relationship between presidential boldness and achievement. In the same way that nothing breeds success like success, nothing sets the president up for achieving his or her next goal better than succeeding dramatically on the last go around.
This is absolutely a matter of perception, and you can see it best in
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of the now retired Helen Thomas, this is precisely what they did.
Threats of global war are exaggerated – defense spending EVEN WITH sequestration is still huge
De Rugy 9/13/12 (Veronique, Senior Research Fellow of the Mercatus Center at George Mason University, “Fears Over Sequestration Are Overblown”) http://washingtonexaminer.com/fears-over-sequestration-are-overblown/article/2507916#.UF5Fh7JlT_k
The sequester will certainly pose management challenges in its first year of implementation. Yet
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the United States will remain the biggest global military power in the world. Sequestration doesn’t cause job loss – numbers are exaggerated
National Review Online 9/17/12 (“Fears Over Sequestration Are Overblown”) http://www.nationalreview.com/corner/321658/fears-over-sequestration-are-overblown-veronique-de-rugy
Second, there is little doubt that some defense jobs will be lost as a
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by the defense contractors that have a lot to lose from the potential cuts 2AC Russia Nuclear Cross apply that nuclear is expanding now takes out all of the NG impact means all we have to worry about is the nuclear trade off part
Nuclear power’s expanding in the U.S. now
Ferguson ’12
(Charles D., Federation of the American Scientists, Public Interest Report, “Making the Case for
Nuclear Power in the United States”, Summer 2012, http://www.fas.org/pubs/pir/2012summer/Summer2012_PresidentMessage.pdf)
Will nuclear power in the United States flourish or fade away? To paraphrase Mark
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on pace to continue to generate about 20 percent of the nation’s electricity. Russia nuclear leadership is low now – failure to attract investors proves
The Lithuana Tribune 9/19/12 (“Nuclear Power Plant in Kaliningrad: Russian Cart in Front of a Horse”)
Lithuania’s Parliamentary Security and Defence Committee chairman Arvydas Anušauskas has called the above-mentioned
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Again, via Lithuania, which is about to join the European network. Chernobyl memory stops major foreign investment in of Russian nuclear power
Pulitzer Center 9/18/12 (“To Catch a Falling Core: Lessons of Chernobyl for Russian Nuclear Industry”) ………….. told me. "The phantoms of the Soviet period appear immediately." The plan is critical to Russia nuclear power leadership –
Safety is the biggest hang up
Fischer 11 (Elisabeth, “Rise of a Giant: Russia’s Nuclear Future”) http://www.power-technology.com/features/featurerise-of-a-giant-russias-nuclear-future/
As well as boosting its domestic nuclear sector, nuclear exports are a number one
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the light of the recent industry crisis triggered by the disaster in Japan. Turn – SMRs solve natgas price volatility
McNelis ’11 (David N. Mcnelis, David N. McNelis is director of the Center for Sustainable Energy, Environment and Economic Development in the Institute for the Environment at UNC-Chapel Hill, “Safer power from smaller reactors”, http://www.newsobserver.com/2011/06/24/1295895/safer-power-from-smaller-reactors.html, June 24, 2011, LEQ)
CHAPEL HILL -- Efforts to promote energy efficiency, encourage sustainable lifestyle changes and exploit
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source of energy that should be considered for use in the United States.
Diversification is the only way to solve their economy
Rozhnov ’11 – Business Reporter, BBC (Rozhnov, Konstantin. “Will Russia ever reduce dependence on oil and gas exports?”. April 28, 2011. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/business-13213340) But even if oil …………… 20th Centuries." No impact to Russian economy
Blackwill, 09 – former associate dean of the Kennedy School of Government and Deputy Assistant to the President and Deputy National Security Advisor for Strategic Planning (Robert, RAND, “The Geopolitical Consequences of the World Economic Recession—A Caution”, http://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/2009/RAND_OP275.pdf, WEA) Now on to Russia. Again, five years from today. Did the global
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are likely to be changed in any serious way by the economic crisis. |
| 10/06/2012 | Tournament: Kentucky | Round: 1 | Opponent: Harvard DT | Judge: Waldinger
Terroist
Technical information to build a bomb easily available
Gallucci, 2008 - dean of Georgetown University's School of Foreign Service, Robert L. November-December 2008, The National Interest, p. online
Ultimately, though, the size observation is not really reassuring. There are just
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when we are uncertain about those governments' intent, or "design yield." Thumper - Nuclear
Government already funded new large-reactors- triggers the disad- but doesn’t solve the aff
Biello ’12 (David Biello, Award-winning journalist writing primarily about the environment and energy. I’ve been writing for Scientific American since November 2005 and have written on subjects ranging from astronomy to zoology for both the Web site and magazine. I’ve been reporting on the environment and energy since 1999—long enough to be cynical but not long enough to be depressed. I am the host of the 60-Second Earth podcast, a contributor to the Instant Egghead video series and author of a children’s book on bullet trains. I also write for publications ranging from Good to Yale e360, speak on radio shows such as WNYC’s The Takeaway, NHPR’s Word of Mouth, and PRI’s The World as well as host the duPont-Columbia award winning documentary “Beyond the Light Switch” for PBS, “Nuclear Reactor Approved in U.S. for First Time Since 1978”, http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=first-new-nuclear-reactor-in-us-since-1978-approvedandpage=2, February 9, 2012, LEQ) NEW CONSTRUCTION: The U.S. government approved plans to build two new
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end of the decade. "We're in danger of missing that window." No China- Russia War
No Russia/China war – deterrence and economics check
Garnett 1 (Sherman, Dean of James Madison College – Michigan State University, Washington Quarterly, Autumn, Lexis) Perceiving this partnership as a reversal of the balance in the old strategic triangle is
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need trade and investment far in excess of what the other can provide. No Impact Russia Econ
Extend
No impact to Russian economy
Blackwill, 09 – former associate dean of the Kennedy School of Government and Deputy Assistant to the President and Deputy National Security Advisor for Strategic Planning (Robert, RAND, “The Geopolitical Consequences of the World Economic Recession—A Caution”, http://www.rand.org/pubs/occasional_papers/2009/RAND_OP275.pdf, WEA) Now on to Russia. Again, five years from today. Did the global
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are likely to be changed in any serious way by the economic crisis. READ
Russian economy resilient
Stokes ‘98 (Bruce Stokes. "Don't Ignore the Russian Bear." Council on Foreign Relations, http://www.cfr.org/publication/3225/dont_ignore_the_russian_bear.html) A little less than a year ago, August 17 to be precise, the
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-directed lending, industrial subsidies or government reliance on simply printing money. |
| 10/06/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Contention 1: Inherency
The DOE spent 450 million dollars on SMR’s this year and Obama has taken credit- takes out any perception or funding disads
Energy.gov ’12 (Energy.gov, “Obama Administration Announces $450 Million to Design and Commercialize U.S. Small Modular Nuclear Reactors”, http://energy.gov/articles/obama-administration-announces-450-million-design-and-commercialize-us-small-modular, March 22, 2012, LEQ) Obama Administration Announces $450 Million to Design and Commercialize U.S. Small
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full spectrum of technologies, from advanced reactor concepts to enhanced safety design. Plan
Plan: The Department of Defense should initiate power-purchase agreements of Small Modular Reactors in the United States. Contention 2: Military Capabilities
Small Modular Reactors are key to sustain US warfighting capabilities- two internal links
First is reliance on the grid
SMR’s are key to “island” military bases from the grid- blackouts will collapse the military- this independently jacks space systems
Loudermilk ’11 (Micah J. Loudermilk, Micah J. Loudermilk is a Research Associate for the Energy and Environmental Security Policy program with the Institute for National Strategic Studies at National Defense University, “Small Nuclear Reactors: Enabling Energy Security for Warfighters”, March 27, 2011, LEQ) Last month, the Institute for National Strategic Studies at National Defense University released a
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fears that would surely arise from the distribution of reactors across the country. Independently- space systems are key to US hegemony
Imburgia ‘11 (Lt. Col. and Judge Advocate in Air Force,
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Proposal for a Binding International Agreement to Clean Up the Junk,” Scholar) These gloomy prognostications about the threats to our space environment should be troubling to Americans
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well-being, the preservation of these space capabilities should also be vital
The second internal link is operational vulnerability-
Dependency on oil for forward-deployed bases has become an Achilles Heel - SMR’s are key to fuel in-theatre military endeavors
Andres and Breetz ‘11 (Richard B. Andres is professor of National Security
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, Costs, and Technological Implications”, February 16, 2011, LEQ) Operational Vulnerability. Operational energy use represents a second serious vulnerability for the U.
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the potential to save hundreds or thousands of U.S. lives. This risks disrupting hegemony and military capabilities- dependency on oil puts the military on razor’s edge and risk hamstringing all military functions
Voth ’12 (Jeffrey M. Voth is the president of Herren Associates leading a team of consultants advising the federal government on issues of national security, energy and environment, health care and critical information technology infrastructure, George Washing University Homeland Security Policy Institute, “In Defense of Energy – A Call to Action”, http://securitydebrief.com/2012/04/11/in-defense-of-energy-a-call-to-action/, April 11, 2012, LEQ) Last month, the Pentagon released its widely anticipated roadmap to transform operational energy security
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still as a military or as a nation, we are falling behind.”
Independently- fuel dependency wrecks the DOD’s budget through oil cost- spills over into other projects
Freed ’12 (Josh Freed, Vice President for Clean Energy, Third Way, “Improving capability, protecting budget”, http://energy.nationaljournal.com/2012/05/powering-our-military-whats-th.php, May 21, 2012, LEQ) As Third Way explains in a digest being released this week by our National Security
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the Pentagon has decided to invest in these efforts. End of story.
Collapse of American military power would take globalization and the world down with it
Barnett ’11 (Former Senior Strategic Researcher and Professor @ Naval War College, 11 (Thomas, Former Senior Strategic Researcher and Professor in the Warfare Analysis and Research Department, Center for Naval Warfare Studies, U.S. Naval War College American military geostrategist and Chief Analyst at Wikistrat., worked as the Assistant for Strategic Futures in the Office of Force Transformation in the Department of Defense, “The New Rules: Leadership Fatigue Puts U.S., and Globalization, at Crossroads,” March 7 http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/8099/the-new-rules-leadership-fatigue-puts-u-s-and-globalization-at-crossroads) Events in Libya are a further reminder for Americans that we stand at a crossroads
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in all of its forms, deeply embedded in the geometry to come. Contention 3: Nuclear Industry
SMR’s are key to jump-starting the dormant US nuclear industry- DOD action is key to overcome market barriers and eliminate the stigma surrounding nuclear energy
Loudermilk and Andres ’10 (Richard B. Andres is a Senior Fellow at the Institute for National Strategic Studies at National Defense University and a Professor of National Security Strategy at the National War College, Micah J. Loudermilk is a researcher at the Institute for National Strategic Studies at National Defense University, “Small Reactors and the Military's Role in Securing America's Nuclear Industry”, http://sitrep.globalsecurity.org/articles/100823646-small-reactors-and-the-militar.htm, April 23, 2010, LEQ) Faced with the dual-obstacles of growing worldwide energy demand and a renewed push
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the military presents a realistic route by which their adoption can be achieved. Scenario One- Econ
Nuclear industry revival increases labor and manufacturing - boost the economy
Adams ’10 (Rod Adams. Naval War College diploma in National Policy and Strategy (with highest honors) May 2003 - GPA 4.0, Pro-nuclear advocate with small nuclear plant operating and design experience. Former submarine Engineer Officer. Founder, Adams Atomic Engines, Inc. Host and producer, The Atomic Show Podcast, “Nuclear Industry Can Lead a Revival in Skilled Labor and Manufacturing in the United States”, http://atomicinsights.com/2010/11/nuclear-industry-can-lead-a-revival-in-skilled-labor-and-manufacturing-in-the-united-states.html, November 15, 2010, LEQ) The Nuclear Energy Institute, the American Nuclear Society and the North American Young Generation
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of new careers and economic expansion. In fact, it already has. SMRs key to spurring US competitiveness
Fleischmann ’11 (Chuck, Representative from the 3rd District in Tennessee, “Small Modular Reactors Could Help With U.S. Energy Needs”, American Physical Society, Vol. 6, No. 2, http://www.aps.org/publications/capitolhillquarterly/201110/backpage.cfm, October 2011)
The timely implementation of small reactors could position the United States on the cutting edge
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strategic position on the forefront of expanding global technologies in the nuclear arena.
And revitalization of the US manufacturing sector is the vital internal link into overcoming the recession- it would solve for job growth and sustainable economic growth- but energy efficiency is key to this process
Hutchinson ’12 (Robert Hutchinson and Ryan Matley, Managing Director Robert "Hutch" Hutchinson is a managing director for the research and consulting activities at RMI, Ryan Matley isConsultant with RMI’s electricity practice, where he focuses on the implementation of demand side management programs, including analyzing new business models and program approaches to improve uptake. In addition to research work on RMI’s Reinventing Fire and Next Generation Utility initiatives, Ryan has worked on consulting engagements in the areas of industrial process efficiency, renewable energy and the future of the electricity system. “Can Radical Efficiency Revive U.S. Manufacturing?”, http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=undertake-radical-efficiency-to-revive-us-industryandoffset=2, March 16, 2012, LEQ) Both traditional and new U.S. industries will have to increase energy efficiency
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world and drive a multitude of benefits for America at the same time. Economic downturn causes great power wars and extinction.
AUSLIN ‘9 - scholar at American Enterprise Institute (Michael, “The global Economy Unravels” American Enterprise Institute, http://www.aei.org/publications/filter.all,pubID.29502/pub_detail.asp)
What do these trends mean in the short and medium term? The Great Depression
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result may be a series of small explosions that coalesce into a big bang Scenario Two - Terrorism
SMR’s are key to secure US nuclear global leadership prevents unsafe prolif- nuclear development is inevitable globally which triggers any nuclear power bad turns but absent US leadership it risk unsafe proliferation
Loudermilk ’11 (Micah K. Loudermilk, Contributor Micah J. Loudermilk is a Research Associate for the Energy and Environmental Security Policy program with the Institute for National Strategic Studies at National Defense University, contracted through ASE Inc, “Small Nuclear Reactors and US Energy Security: Concepts, Capabilities, and Costs”, http://www.ensec.org/index.php?option=com_contentandview=articleandid=314:small-nuclear-reactors-and-us-energy-security-concepts-capabilities-and-costsandcatid=116:content0411andItemid=375, May 31, 2011, LEQ) For years, proponents of nuclear power expansion both in the US and around the
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reactors are mitigated and concerns over the widespread distribution of nuclear fuel allayed. And lack of US-enforced safe-guards concerning nuclear development risk terrorist acquisition –nuclear terrorism is inevitable in status quo
Brill and Luongo ’12 (Kenneth C. Brill is a former U.S. ambassador to the I.A.E.A.Kenneth N. Luongo is president of the Partnership for Global Security. Both are members of the Fissile Material Working Group, a nonpartisan nongovernmental organization, “Nuclear Terrorism: A Clear Danger”, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/03/16/opinion/nuclear-terrorism-a-clear-danger.html, March 15, 2012, LEQ) Terrorists exploit gaps in security. The current global regime for protecting the nuclear materials
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be an effective global nuclear security regime in place before this decade ends.
Terrorist have motive – they’re planning large scale attack
McConnell ‘8
Michael McConnell, U.S. Director of National Intelligence, “Al Qaeda Remains Dangerous”, Media Newswire, 2-5-2008, http://media-newswire.com/release_1060466.html JVOSS
Al Qaeda continues to pose
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, radiological, and nuclear weapons and materials,” he added. Nuclear terrorism causes risk accidental retaliation with Russia and China- sparks a nuclear war
Ayson ‘10 (Professor of Strategic Studies and Director of the Centre for Strategic Studies: New Zealand at the Victoria University of Wellington (Robert, July. “After a Terrorist Nuclear Attack: Envisaging Catalytic Effects.” Studies in Conflict and Terrorism, Vol. 33, Issue 7. InformaWorld.)
But these two nuclear worlds—a non-state actor nuclear attack and a
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consultation from Washington that the latter found itself unable or unwilling to provide.
Contention 4: Solvency
First- the Department of Defense is the key agency to fund Small Modular Reactors- a demonstration project will get the industry off the ground
Andres and Breetz ‘11 (Richard B. Andres is professor of National Security
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, Costs, and Technological Implications”, February 16, 2011, LEQ) DoD as first Mover Thus far, this paper has reviewed two of DOD’s most
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the future, then it should pursue a leader- ship role now. DOD needs make or break the solvency of the Affirmative- DOD implementation is vital to get optimal capabilities- this takes out any free market counterplans
Andres and Breetz ‘11 (Richard B. Andres is professor of National Security
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, Costs, and Technological Implications”, February 16, 2011, LEQ) Technological Lock-in. A second risk is that if small reactors do reach
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leadership would likely have a profound effect on the industry’s timeline and trajectory.
SMR’s are an energy game changer- but DOD purchasing agreements are key to just-start the industry and determining optimal configurations
Madia ’12 (William Madia, Stanford Energy Journal, Dr. Madia serves as Chairman of the Board of Overseers and Vice President for the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory at Stanford University. Previously, he was the Laboratory Director at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory from 2000-2004 and the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory from 1994-1999., “SMALL MODULAR REACTORS: A POTENTIAL GAME-CHANGING TECHNOLOGY”, http://energyclub.stanford.edu/index.php/Journal/Small_Modular_Reactors_by_William_Madia, Spring 2012, LEQ) There is a new type of nuclear power …………. AND
carbon taxes. If we want to deploy power generation technologies that can realize near-term impact on carbon emissions safely, reliably, economically, at scale, and at total costs that are manageable on the balance sheets of most utilities, we must consider SMRs as a key component of our national energy strategy. And a purchase-power agreement solves best- it incentivizes private market action while reducing overhead cost of electricity for the government – creates a win/win- multiple markets exist
Rosner, Goldberg, and Hezir ’11 (Robert Rosner, Robert Rosner is an astrophysicist and founding director of the Energy Policy Institute at Chicago. He was the director of Argonne National Laboratory from 2005 to 2009, and Stephen Goldberg, Energy Policy Institute at Chicago, The Harris School of Public Policy Studies, Joseph S. Hezir, Principal, EOP Foundation, Inc., Many people have made generous and valuable contributions to this study. Professor Geoff Rothwell, Stanford University, provided the study team with the core and supplemental analyses and very timely and pragmatic advice. Dr. J’Tia Taylor, Argonne National Laboratory, supported Dr. Rothwell in these analyses. Deserving special mention is Allen Sanderson of the Economics Department at the University of Chicago, who provided insightful comments and suggested improvements to the study. Constructive suggestions have been received from Dr. Pete Lyons, DOE Assistant Secretary of Nuclear Energy; Dr. Pete Miller, former DOE Assistant Secretary of Nuclear Energy; John Kelly, DOE Deputy Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Reactor Technologies; Matt Crozat, DOE Special Assistant to the Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy; Vic Reis, DOE Senior Advisor to the Under Secretary for Science; and Craig Welling, DOE Deputy Office Director, Advanced Reactor Concepts Office, as well as Tim Beville and the staff of DOE’s Advanced Reactor Concepts Office. The study team also would like to acknowledge the comments and useful suggestions the study team received during the peer review process from the nuclear industry, the utility sector, and the financial sector. Reviewers included the following: Rich Singer, VP Fuels, Emissions, and Transportation, MidAmerican Energy Co.; Jeff Kaman, Energy Manager, John Deere; Dorothy R. Davidson, VP Strategic Programs, AREVA; T. J. Kim, Director—Regulatory Affairs and Licensing, Generation mPower, Babcock and Wilcox; Amir Shahkarami, Senior Vice President, Generation, Exelon Corp.; Michael G. Anness, Small Modular Reactor Product Manager, Research and Technology, Westinghouse Electric Co.; Matthew H. Kelley and Clark Mykoff, Decision Analysis, Research and Technology, Westinghouse Electric Co.; George A. Davis, Manager, New Plant Government Programs, Westinghouse Electric Co.; Christofer Mowry, President, Babcock and Wilcox Nuclear Energy, Inc.; Ellen Lapson, Managing Director, Fitch Ratings; Stephen A. Byrne, Executive Vice President, Generation and Transmission Chief Operating Officer, South Carolina Electric and Gas Company; Paul Longsworth, Vice President, New Ventures, Fluor; Ted Feigenbaum, Project Director, Bechtel Corp.; Kennette Benedict, Executive Director, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientist; Bruce Landrey, CMO, NuScale; Dick Sandvik, NuScale; and Andrea Sterdis, Senior Manager of Strategic Nuclear Expansion, Tennessee Valley Authority. The authors especially would like to acknowledge the discerning comments from Marilyn Kray, Vice-President at Exelon, throughout the course of the study, “Small Modular Reactors – Key to Future Nuclear Power”, http://epic.uchicago.edu/sites/epic.uchicago.edu/files/uploads/SMRWhite_Paper_Dec.14.2011copy.pdf, November 2011, LEQ) 6.2 GOVERNMENT SPONSORSHIP OF MARKET TRANSFORMATION INCENTIVES Similar to other important energy technologies
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can surmount these challenges and provide critical initial markets for SMR plants. Government intervention sparks learning benefits of projects - this overcomes any economic barriers- absent purchasing agreements though SMR’s will fail
Rosner, Goldberg, and Hezir ’11 (Robert Rosner, Robert Rosner is an astrophysicist and founding director of the Energy Policy Institute at Chicago. He was the director of Argonne National Laboratory from 2005 to 2009, and Stephen Goldberg, Energy Policy Institute at Chicago, The Harris School of Public Policy Studies, Joseph S. Hezir, Principal, EOP Foundation, Inc., Many people have made generous and valuable contributions to this study. Professor Geoff Rothwell, Stanford University, provided the study team with the core and supplemental analyses and very timely and pragmatic advice. Dr. J’Tia Taylor, Argonne National Laboratory, supported Dr. Rothwell in these analyses. Deserving special mention is Allen Sanderson of the Economics Department at the University of Chicago, who provided insightful comments and suggested improvements to the study. Constructive suggestions have been received from Dr. Pete Lyons, DOE Assistant Secretary of Nuclear Energy; Dr. Pete Miller, former DOE Assistant Secretary of Nuclear Energy; John Kelly, DOE Deputy Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Reactor Technologies; Matt Crozat, DOE Special Assistant to the Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy; Vic Reis, DOE Senior Advisor to the Under Secretary for Science; and Craig Welling, DOE Deputy Office Director, Advanced Reactor Concepts Office, as well as Tim Beville and the staff of DOE’s Advanced Reactor Concepts Office. The study team also would like to acknowledge the comments and useful suggestions the study team received during the peer review process from the nuclear industry, the utility sector, and the financial sector. Reviewers included the following: Rich Singer, VP Fuels, Emissions, and Transportation, MidAmerican Energy Co.; Jeff Kaman, Energy Manager, John Deere; Dorothy R. Davidson, VP Strategic Programs, AREVA; T. J. Kim, Director—Regulatory Affairs and Licensing, Generation mPower, Babcock and Wilcox; Amir Shahkarami, Senior Vice President, Generation, Exelon Corp.; Michael G. Anness, Small Modular Reactor Product Manager, Research and Technology, Westinghouse Electric Co.; Matthew H. Kelley and Clark Mykoff, Decision Analysis, Research and Technology, Westinghouse Electric Co.; George A. Davis, Manager, New Plant Government Programs, Westinghouse Electric Co.; Christofer Mowry, President, Babcock and Wilcox Nuclear Energy, Inc.; Ellen Lapson, Managing Director, Fitch Ratings; Stephen A. Byrne, Executive Vice President, Generation and Transmission Chief Operating Officer, South Carolina Electric and Gas Company; Paul Longsworth, Vice President, New Ventures, Fluor; Ted Feigenbaum, Project Director, Bechtel Corp.; Kennette Benedict, Executive Director, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientist; Bruce Landrey, CMO, NuScale; Dick Sandvik, NuScale; and Andrea Sterdis, Senior Manager of Strategic Nuclear Expansion, Tennessee Valley Authority. The authors especially would like to acknowledge the discerning comments from Marilyn Kray, Vice-President at Exelon, throughout the course of the study, “Small Modular Reactors – Key to Future Nuclear Power”, http://epic.uchicago.edu/sites/epic.uchicago.edu/files/uploads/SMRWhite_Paper_Dec.14.2011copy.pdf, November 2011, LEQ) As illustrated in the previous discussion, until significant learning benefits are achieved, the
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for this type of management model are discussed in the subsections that follow. |
| 01/09/2013 | Tournament: UTD | Round: 7 | Opponent: | Judge:
Contention Two: Iran
Iran will achieve “breakout capacity” soon- Israel will strike before then- draw in America
Diehl 12/23 (Jackson, editorial writer specializing in foreign affairs for the Washington post, “Will 2013 see action on Iran’s nuclear program?”, http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-12-23/opinions/36016926_1_breakout-capacity-nuclear-program-supreme-leader-ali-khamenei, December 23, 2012) Back at the beginning of 2006, Sens. John McCain (R-Ariz
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Israel will move very quickly and present us with a fait accompli.”
2013 is the final straw – Israel will act alone - new sanctions irrelevant
Reuters 12/10 (Reuters, Posted on JPost, “Report: Israel leaking Iranian nuclear information”, http://www.jpost.com/IranianThreat/News/Article.aspx?id=295379, December 10, 2012) Western diplomats believe Israel has been leaking sensitive information about Iran's nuclear program in a
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not have the reach of the United States or as powerful conventional munitions.
Iran proliferation ensnares Israel-Iran into nuclear war through proxies
Robb 10/10 (Charles, B.A. from the University of Wisconsin–Madison, J.D. at the University of Virginia Law School, Charles Wald, Master of Political Science degree in international relations, Troy State University, Bipartisan Policy Center Board Member “The Price of Inaction: Analysis of Energy and Economic Effects of a Nuclear Iran,” October 10th, 2012, http://bipartisanpolicy.org/sites/default/files/PriceofInaction.pdf) A nuclear Iran would immediately encounter another nuclear state—even if an undeclared one
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as a much smaller country Israel has far less room for maneuver. Xxvi Israeli strikes escalate- success irrelevant
Goldberg ‘10 (Jeffrey Goldberg, National correspondent for the Atlantic, “The Point of No Return,” http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2010/09/the-point-of-no-return/8186/, September 2010) When the Israelis begin to bomb the uranium-enrichment facility at Natanz, the
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once-admired refuge for a persecuted people into a leper among nations.
Saudi Arabia
They proliferate – leads to accidental nuclear escalation- Middle East proliferation
Edelman ’11 (Eric Edelman, Distinguished Fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments, Andrew F Krepinevich, President of the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments, Evan Braden Montgomery, Research Fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments “The Dangers of a Nuclear Iran: The Limits of Containment,” January/February edition of Foreign Policy) There is, however, at least one state that could receive significant outside support
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Middle East could lead to a new Great Game, with unpredictable consequences.
Pakistan is required to give Saudi Arabia nuclear weapons- rapid prolif- escalates
Robb 10/10 (Charles, B.A. from the University of Wisconsin–Madison, J.D. at the University of Virginia Law School, Charles Wald, Master of Political Science degree in international relations, Troy State University, Bipartisan Policy Center Board Member “The Price of Inaction: Analysis of Energy and Economic Effects of a Nuclear Iran,” October 10th, 2012, http://bipartisanpolicy.org/sites/default/files/PriceofInaction.pdf) Saudi Arabia would be very likely to try to follow Iran across the nuclear threshold
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from the Cold War balance between the United States and the Soviet Union.
SMR’s are a diplomatic tool- we can give them to Iran
Mandel ‘9 (Jenny – Scientific American, Environment and Energy Publishing, LLC, “Less Is More for Designers of "Right-Sized" Nuclear Reactors” September 9, 2009, http://www.scientificamerican.com/article.cfm?id=small-nuclear-power-plant-station-mini-reactor) Tom Sanders, president of the American Nuclear Society and manager of Sandia National Laboratories'
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is: Are we building them, or are we just importing them?"
SMRs solve Iran nuclear desires
Goodby and Heiskanen ‘12 (James, former arms control negotiator and a Hoover Institution Fellow, Markku, Associate and Program Director of The Asia Institute at the Kyung Hee University in Seoul “The Seoul Nuclear Security Summit: New Thinking in Northeast Asia?” March 20th, http://nautilus.org/napsnet/napsnet-policy-forum/the-seoul-nuclear-security-summit-new-thinking-in-northeast-asia/) The nuclear crises in the Middle East and Northeast Asia and the stalled promise of
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as well as in energy-starved economies such as India and China.
The offer exposes Iran’s intent- solves proliferation and checks Israeli strikes
Ross ‘12 (Dennis, counselor at The Washington Institute, previously served as special assistant to President Obama and senior director for the central region at the National Security Council. “Calling Iran’s Bluff: It’s Time to Offer Tehran a Civilian Nuclear Program,” June 15th, http://www.tnr.com/article/politics/104085/calling-iran%E2%80%99s-bluff-its-time-offer-iran-civilian-nuclear-program?page=0,0) It's clear what the diplomacy around such a comprehensive proposal would entail: We would
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diplomatic failure—with all that implies about our readiness to use force.
Iran says yes- only stopping Iranian uranium production matters
Takeyh 12/21 (Ray, Senior Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations, “Iran's Conservatives Push for a Deal,” http://nationalinterest.org/commentary/will-khamenei-compromise-7894, December 21, 2012) As Washington contemplates another round of diplomacy with Iran, an intense debate is gripping
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delaying Iran’s nuclear timelines and putting some indispensable time back on the clock. |
| 01/15/2013 | Tournament: UNT | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
1AC
Public policy discussions concerning nuclear energy production ignore the accidents of testing and waste that violate women’s bodies – The nuclear industry AS WELL AS the government have glossed over such violence by silencing the everyday, particular experiences of women.
Culley and Angelique in 03
Culley and Angelique 2003 - Culley is a PhD Community Psychologist at University of Missouri – Kansas. Angelique PhD Psychologist and Professor of Community Psychology and Social Change at Penn State. Women’s Gendered Experiences as Long-term Three Mile Island Activists. Gender and Society, Vol. 17, No. 3 (Jun., 2003), pp. 445-461.
Two of the women interviewed were pregnant at the time of the accident. Each
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, and the sociopolitical environment were shaped through the analysis of everyday experience. As a result of this systematic violence, women are confronted with an opportunity for anti-waste activism. Yet, the questions of gender and nuclear toxic waste remain unexplored because there is privileged given to the authority of scientific, corporate and governmental voices. Their unwillingness to consider women’s everyday experiences creates an epistemological framework that not only covers up devastating health effects but also the inherent gender binaries in nuclear energy policy
Brown in 1995
Phil Brown is a Professor at Brown University in Environmental Sociology and Health, Faith I. T. Ferguson, "Making a Big Stink": Women's Work, Women's Relationships, and Toxic Waste Activism. Gender and Society, Vol. 9, No. 2 (Apr., 1995), pp. 145-172 Sage Publications, Inc. Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/189869. Accessed: 17/12/2012 18:12
Despite high levels of participation by women in toxic waste activism, gender and the
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waste facilities such as landfills, incinerators, and transport and disposal facilities. And, women in the anti-toxic waste movement have been historically excluded from public policy discussions because their narratives challenge the “expert” and official accounts of nuclear energy. These moments within public discourse reveal the rigid boundaries of scientific thought surrounding what constitutes legitimate knowledge production. Relying on the exclusion of other voices as a means to produce knowledge reaffirms the hierarchical nature of the public and private dichotomy. Instead, nuclear energy discussions must always remain open to making the personal political in order for some women to challenge systems of oppression.
Culley and Angelique in 03
Culley and Angelique 2003 - Culley is a PhD Community Psychologist at University of Missouri – Kansas. Angelique PhD Psychologist and Professor of Community Psychology and Social Change at Penn State. Women’s Gendered Experiences as Long-term Three Mile Island Activists. Gender and Society, Vol. 17, No. 3 (Jun., 2003), pp. 445-461.
Women are leading the antinuclear/anti-toxic waste movement in the United States
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residents, and subsequent community mobilization follows to place our research in context. The affirmative positions their gyno-centric criticism of male-dominated science within a discussion of Anti-Toxic activism. Such a move reflects on questions of gender and scientific objectivity as well as women’s entrance into the public, political sphere. Case studies of women’s toxic waste activism reveal how women’s work and perceptions can be rooted in the concrete and everyday experience. Our argument is not that women are inherent more nurturing and emotive, rather that gendered experiences, especially encounters with scientific expertise, may shape activists’ beliefs in their own knowledge as authoritative.
Brown, 1995
Phil Brown is a Professor at Brown University in Environmental Sociology and Health, Faith I. T. Ferguson, "Making a Big Stink": Women's Work, Women's Relationships, and Toxic Waste Activism. Gender and Society, Vol. 9, No. 2 (Apr., 1995), pp. 145-172 Sage Publications, Inc. Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/189869. Accessed: 17/12/2012 18:12
This challenge is made using objectivity as the standard against which lay work is judged
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color, older people, and people with less education (Hamilton 1990). Anti-Toxic waste activism exposes how some women use their particular experiences as a means to make sense of the world around them. Yet, Science, public policy and our culture at large has taken for granted the association of science and objectivity with masculine thought. As a result, other ways of knowing are trivialized as subjective and anti-scientific.
Brown, 1995
Phil Brown is a Professor at Brown University in Environmental Sociology and Health, Faith I. T. Ferguson, "Making a Big Stink": Women's Work, Women's Relationships, and Toxic Waste Activism. Gender and Society, Vol. 9, No. 2 (Apr., 1995), pp. 145-172 Sage Publications, Inc. Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/189869. Accessed: 17/12/2012 18:12
When women who define themselves primarily as housewives become involved in activism and work against
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to fail will require a detailed comparative study of many groups and members. And, this androcentric approach to science creates a self-fulfilling prophecy in which communities of difference cannot survive. It is not that science or technology is bad, rather that patriarchal values have infiltrated these venues as a means to dominate, oppress, exploit and kill. The only logical outcome is ecological and nuclear catastrophe.
Nhanenge 7
(Jytte, Masters @ U South Africa, Accepted Thesis Paper for Development Studies, “ECOFEMINSM: TOWARDS INTEGRATING THE CONCERNS OF WOMEN, POOR PEOPLE AND NATURE INTO DEVELOPMENT, uir.unisa.ac.za/bitstream/10500/570/1/dissertation.pdf)
The androcentric premises also have political consequences. They protect the ideological basis of exploitative
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The ultimate result of unchecked patriarchy will be ecological catastrophe and nuclear holocaust. Thus, Erica and I will advocate that the feminine voices of the anti-toxic waste movement should be acknowledged and included within public policy discussions concerning nuclear energy. The affirmative is a prior question to any policy discussion on nuclear energy production – women’s consciousness of the toxic experience reveal new methods of knowing the world. Women’s “Ways of Knowing” is a framework that advocates for subjective experience rather than perceived rational objectivity. Our argument is not that scientific thought is bad, but rather science has hegemonically defined itself as objective and neutral while systematically excluding the private, familial, and emotional. Women’s anti-toxic waste movements reveal not only the exclusion of feminine voices but also how those voices use their everyday ways of knowing to create ethics of responsibility and connections with others.
Brown, 1995
Brown is a Professor at Brown University in Environmental Sociology and Health, Faith I. T. Ferguson, "Making a Big Stink": Women's Work, Women's Relationships, and Toxic Waste Activism. Gender and Society, Vol. 9, No. 2 (Apr., 1995), pp. 145-172 Sage Publications, Inc. Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/189869. Accessed: 17/12/2012 18:12
Ways of Knowing To understand what Bale terms the "evolution of women's consciousness of
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America, this stuff shouldn't be happening. (Garland 1988, 105) The affirmative is a Gynocentric eco-logic that reveals nodes of potential for feminine voices to resist oppression. The phallic logic inherent in scientific thought permeates public policy discussions on nuclear energy production. This gynocentric logic is one that remains open to and respects differences. It is not about essentialists claims concerning women but rather knowledge through the subjective experiences of cultural and historical location.
Glazebrook in 2k5
(Trish, Associate Professor of Philosophy at Dalhousie University in Nova Scotia, Ethics and the Environment 10.2 (2005) 75-99, Gynocentric Eco-logics)
Likewise, I wish to provide a diagnosis and etiology, and suggest a curative
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all epistemologies are alternatives, even phallic logic that claims to be universal. |
| 01/19/2013 | Tournament: Navy | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Contention 1: Inherency
The DOE spent 450 million dollars on SMR’s this year and Obama has taken credit- takes out any perception or funding disads
Energy.gov ’12 (Energy.gov, “Obama Administration Announces $450 Million to Design and Commercialize U.S. Small Modular Nuclear Reactors”, http://energy.gov/articles/obama-administration-announces-450-million-design-and-commercialize-us-small-modular, March 22, 2012, LEQ) Obama Administration Announces $450 Million to Design and Commercialize U.S. Small
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full spectrum of technologies, from advanced reactor concepts to enhanced safety design. Plan
Plan: The Department of Defense should initiate power-purchase agreements of Small Modular Reactors in the United States. Contention Two: Warming
Coal is increasing globally now- only nuclear solves warming
Tat ‘12 (Chee Hong Tat, Chief Executive, Energy Market Authority of Singapore, “Singapore International Market Week Publication”, “SECURING OUR ENERGY FUTURE APRIL 2012”, LEQ) Nuclear Faces The Long Road Back For the nuclear industry, recovery will depend on
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to decline in importance as other parts of the business grow more rapidly. SMR’s jump-start the US nuclear industry- DOD key
Loudermilk and Andres ‘10 (Richard B. Andres is a Senior Fellow at the Institute for National Strategic Studies at National Defense University and a Professor of National Security Strategy at the National War College, Micah J. Loudermilk is a researcher at the Institute for National Strategic Studies at National Defense University, “Small Reactors and the Military's Role in Securing America's Nuclear Industry”, http://sitrep.globalsecurity.org/articles/100823646-small-reactors-and-the-militar.htm, April 23, 2010, LEQ) Faced with the dual-obstacles of growing worldwide energy demand and a renewed push
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necessary for the federal government and the NRC to take more aggressive action. Other countries model our technology- global demonstration
Traub 12/14 (James, fellow of the Centre on International Cooperation. He writes Terms of Engagement for Foreign Policy,” “Transforming the future lies in our hands,” http://gulfnews.com/opinions/columnists/transforming-the-future-lies-in-our-hands-1.1118704, December 14, 2012) Despite President Barack Obama’s vow, in his first post-reelection press conference,
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to do the impossible. He must, however, do the possible.
Warming causes extinction- tipping point
Dyer ‘12 (London-based independent journalist, PhD from King's College London, citing UC Berkeley scientists (Gwynne, "Tick, tock to mass extinction date," The Press, 6-19-12, l/n, accessed 8-15-12, mss) Meanwhile, a team of respected scientists warn that life on Earth may be on
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- dwelling species. This has happened many times in the Earth's history.
It will be rapid
Light ‘12 (Malcolm, PhD, University of London – Earth science and climate consultant, “Global Extinction within one Human Lifetime as a Result of a Spreading Atmospheric Arctic Methane Heat wave and Surface Firestorm,” http://arctic-news.blogspot.com/p/global-extinction-within-one-human.html) Although the sudden …building atmospheric methane concentration. Its anthro- 500 studies go aff
Romm ‘10 (Jon, Editor of Climate Progress, Senior Fellow at the American Progress, former Acting Assistant Secretary of Energy for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, “Disputing the “consensus” on global warming,” http://climateprogress.org/2010/06/16/scientific-consensus-on-global-warming-climate-science/,) A good example of how scientific evidence drives our understanding concerns how we know that
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and “An introduction to global warming impacts: Hell and High Water“). The consequences of climate change should not be underestimated or ignored for the sake of ‘theoretical purity.’ Social theory must redirect its analytical attention to climate science—refusal risks complicity with the worst violence
Lever-Tracy ‘8 Constance Lever-Tracy, “Global Warming and Sociology,” Current Sociology 56 (3), 2008, pp. 445-466, http://ireswb.cc.ku.edu/~crgc/NSFWorkshop/Readings/Lever-Tracy%20Current%20Sociology%202008.pdf
There is a mystery in this lack of interest in developments that could conceivably open
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worse – an effective complicity with the vested interests of fossil fuel corporations. CO2 Emissions Cause Warming
Trond Iversen et al, Alf Kirkevåg, , Jon Egill Kristjansson, Øyvind Seland and Jens Boldingh Debernard. Professors at the Department of Geosciences, University of Oslo, 2-11-2008, “On the Additivity of Climate Response to Anthropogenic Aerosols and CO 2,” and the enhancement of future global warming by carbonaceous aerosols”.
When CO 2 concentrations are doubled and aerosol emissions are kept constant at natural levels
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this leads to a slight increase in the lifetime and burden of anthropogenic aerosols
Warming is real and anthropogenic
C2ES 11 (Center for Climate and Energy Solutions - successor to the Pew Center on Global Climate Change, and recently named the world’s top environmental think tank, "Science FAQs," http://www.c2es.org/global-warming-basics/faq_s/glance_faq_science.cfm)
A more detailed, state-of-the-art attribution of various climate
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evidence leave no doubt that GHG concentrations are increasing because of human activities. Security rhetoric about warming is key to mobilization
Rodrigues, 11 (Rafaela Rodrigues de Brito, PhD Student, Department of Politics and International Relations, “A Climate for Conflict or Cooperation? Addressing the Securitisation of Climate Change” 17-20 August 2011, University of Porto, Portugal, http://www.wiscnetwork.org/porto2011/papers/WISC_2011-724.pdf)
Climate change has unequivocally entered the international security agenda. However, there is extensive
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that is speeding the response to both causes and consequences of climate change. Engaging the state is key- can’t solve environmental destruction without it
Eckersly ‘4 (Robyn Eckersly, professor of political science at the School of Social and Political Sciences, University of Melbourne, Australia, 2004 the green state: rethinking democracy and sovereignty, p.5-6 While acknowledging the basis for this antipathy toward the nation-state, and the
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advance ecological emancipation without also engaging with and seeking to transform state power. Students interrogating environmental issues is critical to developing sustainable solutions – Must also be coupled with policy advocacy in order to succeed
Cotgrave and Alkhaddar 6 – Alison Cotgrave has a PhD in Sustainability Literacy, she is currently the Deputy Director of the School of the Built Environment and a researcher in construction education, she is also a Fellow of the Higher Education Academy, Rafid Alkhaddar has a PhD in Civil Engineering and currently teaches at the School of the Built Environment John Moores University in Liverpool as a Professor of Water and Environmental Engineering (March 2006, “Greening the Curricula within Construction Programmes,” Journal for Education in the Built Environment, Vol.1, Issue 1, March 2006 pp. 3-29, http://131.251.248.49/jebe/pdf/AlisonCotgrave1(1).pdf)
Environmental education
Many writers have determined that the main aim of environmental education is to change attitudes
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into more sustainable structures, we might as well forget the educational part. Warming decimates biodiversity
Butler, economist, 2007
(Rhett. Economist. http://www.mongabay.com/about.htm.
Impact of global warming on extinction debated Extinction, like climate change, is complicated. March 26)
"Using a variety of climate scenarios, assumptions and methods of analysis, we
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rising sea levels, a dip in precipitation levels, or warmer temperatures." Contention Three: Solvency
The Department of Defense is the key agency to fund Small Modular Reactors- a demonstration project will get the industry off the ground
Andres and Breetz ‘11 (Richard B. Andres is professor of National Security
, Costs, and Technological Implications”, February 16, 2011, LEQ) DoD as first Mover Thus far, this paper has reviewed two of DOD’s most
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the future, then it should pursue a leader- ship role now. A DOD Power-Purchase Agreement is key to resolve NRC’s lack of licensing experience
Cunningham 10/16 (Nick, Policy Analyst for Energy and Climate at the American Security Project, “Small Modular Reactors: A Possible Path Forward for Nuclear Power,” October 16th, http://americansecurityproject.org/ASP%20Reports/Ref%200087%20-%20Small%20Modular%20Reactors.pdf) The most difficult challenge currently facing SMRs is the institutional barriers. Currently, the
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industry to book early orders, prove the concept and bring down costs. That builds NRC expertise
CSPO ’10 (Consortium for Science, Policy and Outcomes at ASU, “four policy principles for energy innovation and climate change: a synthesis”, June, http://www.catf.us/resources/publications/files/Synthesis.pdf) Government purchase of new technologies is a powerful way to accelerate innovation through increased demand
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innovation. Public procurement of other renewable energy technologies could be similarly important.
DOD needs make or break the solvency of the Affirmative- DOD implementation is vital to get optimal capabilities- this takes out any free market counterplans
Andres and Breetz ‘11 (Richard B. Andres is professor of National Security
, Costs, and Technological Implications”, February 16, 2011, LEQ)
Technological Lock-in. A second risk is that if small reactors do reach
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leadership would likely have a profound effect on the industry’s timeline and trajectory.
SMR’s are an energy game changer- but DOD purchasing agreements are key to just-start the industry and determining optimal configurations
Madia ’12 (William Madia, Stanford Energy Journal, Dr. Madia serves as Chairman of the Board of Overseers and Vice President for the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory at Stanford University. Previously, he was the Laboratory Director at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory from 2000-2004 and the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory from 1994-1999., “SMALL MODULAR REACTORS: A POTENTIAL GAME-CHANGING TECHNOLOGY”, http://energyclub.stanford.edu/index.php/Journal/Small_Modular_Reactors_by_William_Madia, Spring 2012, LEQ) There is a new type of ….component of our national energy strategy. And a purchase-power agreement solves best- it incentivizes private market action while reducing overhead cost of electricity for the government – creates a win/win- multiple markets exist
Rosner, Goldberg, and Hezir ’11 (Robert Rosner, Robert Rosner is an astrophysicist and founding director of the Energy Policy Institute at Chicago. He was the director of Argonne National Laboratory from 2005 to 2009, and Stephen Goldberg, Energy Policy Institute at Chicago, The Harris School of Public Policy Studies, Joseph S. Hezir, Principal, EOP Foundation, Inc., Many people have made generous and valuable contributions to this study. Professor Geoff Rothwell, Stanford University, provided the study team with the core and supplemental analyses and very timely and pragmatic advice. Dr. J’Tia Taylor, Argonne National Laboratory, supported Dr. Rothwell in these analyses. Deserving special mention is Allen Sanderson of the Economics Department at the University of Chicago, who provided insightful comments and suggested improvements to the study. Constructive suggestions have been received from Dr. Pete Lyons, DOE Assistant Secretary of Nuclear Energy; Dr. Pete Miller, former DOE Assistant Secretary of Nuclear Energy; John Kelly, DOE Deputy Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Reactor Technologies; Matt Crozat, DOE Special Assistant to the Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy; Vic Reis, DOE Senior Advisor to the Under Secretary for Science; and Craig Welling, DOE Deputy Office Director, Advanced Reactor Concepts Office, as well as Tim Beville and the staff of DOE’s Advanced Reactor Concepts Office. The study team also would like to acknowledge the comments and useful suggestions the study team received during the peer review process from the nuclear industry, the utility sector, and the financial sector. Reviewers included the following: Rich Singer, VP Fuels, Emissions, and Transportation, MidAmerican Energy Co.; Jeff Kaman, Energy Manager, John Deere; Dorothy R. Davidson, VP Strategic Programs, AREVA; T. J. Kim, Director—Regulatory Affairs and Licensing, Generation mPower, Babcock and Wilcox; Amir Shahkarami, Senior Vice President, Generation, Exelon Corp.; Michael G. Anness, Small Modular Reactor Product Manager, Research and Technology, Westinghouse Electric Co.; Matthew H. Kelley and Clark Mykoff, Decision Analysis, Research and Technology, Westinghouse Electric Co.; George A. Davis, Manager, New Plant Government Programs, Westinghouse Electric Co.; Christofer Mowry, President, Babcock and Wilcox Nuclear Energy, Inc.; Ellen Lapson, Managing Director, Fitch Ratings; Stephen A. Byrne, Executive Vice President, Generation and Transmission Chief Operating Officer, South Carolina Electric and Gas Company; Paul Longsworth, Vice President, New Ventures, Fluor; Ted Feigenbaum, Project Director, Bechtel Corp.; Kennette Benedict, Executive Director, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientist; Bruce Landrey, CMO, NuScale; Dick Sandvik, NuScale; and Andrea Sterdis, Senior Manager of Strategic Nuclear Expansion, Tennessee Valley Authority. The authors especially would like to acknowledge the discerning comments from Marilyn Kray, Vice-President at Exelon, throughout the course of the study, “Small Modular Reactors – Key to Future Nuclear Power”, http://epic.uchicago.edu/sites/epic.uchicago.edu/files/uploads/SMRWhite_Paper_Dec.14.2011copy.pdf, November 2011, LEQ) 6.2 GOVERNMENT SPONSORSHIP OF MARKET TRANSFORMATION INCENTIVES Similar to other important energy technologies
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can surmount these challenges and provide critical initial markets for SMR plants. Government intervention sparks learning benefits of projects - this overcomes any economic barriers- absent purchasing agreements though SMR’s will fail
Rosner, Goldberg, and Hezir ’11 (Robert Rosner, Robert Rosner is an astrophysicist and founding director of the Energy Policy Institute at Chicago. He was the director of Argonne National Laboratory from 2005 to 2009, and Stephen Goldberg, Energy Policy Institute at Chicago, The Harris School of Public Policy Studies, Joseph S. Hezir, Principal, EOP Foundation, Inc., Many people have made generous and valuable contributions to this study. Professor Geoff Rothwell, Stanford University, provided the study team with the core and supplemental analyses and very timely and pragmatic advice. Dr. J’Tia Taylor, Argonne National Laboratory, supported Dr. Rothwell in these analyses. Deserving special mention is Allen Sanderson of the Economics Department at the University of Chicago, who provided insightful comments and suggested improvements to the study. Constructive suggestions have been received from Dr. Pete Lyons, DOE Assistant Secretary of Nuclear Energy; Dr. Pete Miller, former DOE Assistant Secretary of Nuclear Energy; John Kelly, DOE Deputy Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Reactor Technologies; Matt Crozat, DOE Special Assistant to the Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy; Vic Reis, DOE Senior Advisor to the Under Secretary for Science; and Craig Welling, DOE Deputy Office Director, Advanced Reactor Concepts Office, as well as Tim Beville and the staff of DOE’s Advanced Reactor Concepts Office. The study team also would like to acknowledge the comments and useful suggestions the study team received during the peer review process from the nuclear industry, the utility sector, and the financial sector. Reviewers included the following: Rich Singer, VP Fuels, Emissions, and Transportation, MidAmerican Energy Co.; Jeff Kaman, Energy Manager, John Deere; Dorothy R. Davidson, VP Strategic Programs, AREVA; T. J. Kim, Director—Regulatory Affairs and Licensing, Generation mPower, Babcock and Wilcox; Amir Shahkarami, Senior Vice President, Generation, Exelon Corp.; Michael G. Anness, Small Modular Reactor Product Manager, Research and Technology, Westinghouse Electric Co.; Matthew H. Kelley and Clark Mykoff, Decision Analysis, Research and Technology, Westinghouse Electric Co.; George A. Davis, Manager, New Plant Government Programs, Westinghouse Electric Co.; Christofer Mowry, President, Babcock and Wilcox Nuclear Energy, Inc.; Ellen Lapson, Managing Director, Fitch Ratings; Stephen A. Byrne, Executive Vice President, Generation and Transmission Chief Operating Officer, South Carolina Electric and Gas Company; Paul Longsworth, Vice President, New Ventures, Fluor; Ted Feigenbaum, Project Director, Bechtel Corp.; Kennette Benedict, Executive Director, Bulletin of the Atomic Scientist; Bruce Landrey, CMO, NuScale; Dick Sandvik, NuScale; and Andrea Sterdis, Senior Manager of Strategic Nuclear Expansion, Tennessee Valley Authority. The authors especially would like to acknowledge the discerning comments from Marilyn Kray, Vice-President at Exelon, throughout the course of the study, “Small Modular Reactors – Key to Future Nuclear Power”, http://epic.uchicago.edu/sites/epic.uchicago.edu/files/uploads/SMRWhite_Paper_Dec.14.2011copy.pdf, November 2011, LEQ) As illustrated in the previous discussion, until significant learning benefits are achieved, the
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for this type of management model are discussed in the subsections that follow.
Small modular reactors are built underground- solves waste, cost, and safety
Giraud et. al. ‘10 (Kellen M. Giraud is a nuclear
,” Mechanical Engineering 132. 12 (Dec 2010): 30-34.) There is an innovative solution to both the perception and safety problems—a solution
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new concept in power plant infrastructure, Such as the underground nuclear park. |
| 02/09/2013 | Tournament: Northwestern | Round: 2 | Opponent: | Judge:
Water
SMRs are the only effective way to solve water scarcity
Palley ’11 Reese Palley, The London School of Economics, 2011, The Answer: Why Only Inherently Safe, Mini Nuclear Power Plans Can Save Our World, p. 168-71
The third world has long been rent in recent droughts, by the search for
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biblical ability to “strike any local rock and have water gush forth.” Military SMRs key to mobile desalination and water delivery—only energy source that solve
Butler 10
Lieutenant Colonel, Glen, Why the Marine Corps should lead the environmental and energy way forward and how to do it http://www.mca-marines.org/gazette/not-green-enough
Environmental and energy (E2) issues have been politically ladened topics throughout their existence
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nation; no one has ever gotten anything big done by being timid.” Water assistance vital to effective public diplomacy—key to combat perception of American foreign policy as militarized
Seib, 10
(Professor of journalism and public diplomacy and director of the Center on Public Diplomacy-USC, Considering Water Diplomacy, 6/29, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/philip-seib/considering-water-diploma_b_629487.html)
The vitality and seriousness with which the institute addresses such issues is a reminder that
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diplomacy fails to reach its potential as a means of advancing national interests. Public diplomacy key to AFRICOM effectiveness
Seib, 9
(Professor of Public Diplomacy and International Relations-USC, America’s New Approach to Africa: AFRICOM and Public Diplomacy, http://uscpublicdiplomacy.org/CPD_Perspectives.pdf)
Regardless of what reasons are proffered for AFRICOM’s importance, public diplomacy is often cited
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So too is the American view of Africa and Africa’s perception of America. Effective AFRICOM is key to fighting terrorism
Miles 2012 – Donna is a reporter for the American Forces Press Service, U.S. Department of Defense, Africom Strives to ‘Turn on Lights’ Against Terrorism in Africa, http://www.defense.gov/news/newsarticle.aspx?id=116839
STUTTGART, Germany, June 21, 2012 – Eliminating terrorist safe havens and support
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Gulf of Guinea and through Western Africa, remain important,” he said.
AQIM security risks are high – further attention is needed
Masters 1/24/13 – Johnathan is the editor of Council Foreign Relations, Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM), http://www.cfr.org/north-africa/al-qaeda-islamic-maghreb-aqim/p12717
Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM) is a Salafi-jihadist
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and Canada have provided some logistical support, and are weighing further action. Even a small attack causes great power wars and extinction
Ayson 10 – Professor of Strategic Studies and Director of the Centre for Strategic Studies: New Zealand at the Victoria University of Wellington (Robert, July. “After a Terrorist Nuclear Attack: Envisaging Catalytic Effects.” Studies in Conflict and Terrorism, Vol. 33, Issue 7. InformaWorld.)
But these two nuclear worlds—a non-state actor nuclear attack and a
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pressure on them, what conclusions might it then draw about their culpability?
AFRICOM partnerships key to disease prevention
Martin, 9
(MD and US Naval Officer, 1/9, “Africa Command Health Symposium: Health as a Bridge to Peace and Stability” http://intlhealth.fhpr.osd.mil/Libraries/IHDocuments/AfricaCommandHealthSymposiumProceedings.sflb.ashx)
The newly established United States Africa Command (AFRICOM) intends to incorporate health as
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on key countries’ economies, governments, and militaries (NIC, 2008) Key to containment
Geller, 9
(MD and Lt. Colonel-US Army, 1/9, “Africa Command Health Symposium: Health as a Bridge to Peace and Stability” http://intlhealth.fhpr.osd.mil/Libraries/IHDocuments/AfricaCommandHealthSymposiumProceedings.sflb.ashx)
The Africa Command Surgeon’s priorities include developing a DoD medical strategy for the continent,
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contagions, and no increase in regional instability due to emerging disease threat. Africa’s key – new pandemics are likely
Boyer, 11
(9/24, Reporter-EMax Health, http://www.emaxhealth.com/8782/us-not-well-prepared-flu-pandemic-man-infects-pigs-h1n1-swine-flu)
UCLA Scientists studying the H1N1 swine flu virus have discovered the first evidence of animal
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of viruses between humans and wild animals. We have to expand screening." Zoonotic disease causes extinction—diagnosis is key, and their impact defense doesn’t apply
Quammen, 2012 - award-winning science writer, long-time columnist for Outside magazine for fifteen years, with work in National Geographic, Harper's, Rolling Stone, the New York Times Book Review and other periodicals,
(David, “Could the next big animal-to-human disease wipe us out?,” The Guardian, pg. 29, Lexis)
Infectious disease is all around us. It's one of the basic processes that ecologists
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collapses? One possible factor is infectious disease, and viruses in particular. |
| 03/23/2013 | Tournament: CEDA | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
1AC -1
Only a few weeks ago Rebecca Meredith and her partner competed against six other teams in the final round of the Glasgow University Union. Unlike those six other teams, the two women were booed, sexualized and demoralized by debaters, judges and audience members. The events at Glasgow are not isolated – in fact female competitors from across the world have begun sharing their particular experiences with sexism in debate. The dominance of male privilege and sexism in public arenas are an important starting point. As middle and upper-class white women, Erica and I earn plenty of privileges due to our racial identity – attending a private school, financial benefits to travel for debate, and the neutral assumption that my words are more credible than a person of color. But with these unearned privileges, Erica and I are also confronted with a male dominated world that sexualizes, demonizes and shames women. What is seen as a white privilege to be protected by white men only reinforces women as the victim
Meredith 3/6/13 – Rebecca Meredith 3rd year politics and international relations student at King’s College Cambridge, the-f-word blog, "What does a woman know, anyway?": sexism in debating, http://www.thefword.org.uk/blog/2013/03/what_does_a_wom
This is a guest post by Rebecca Meredith. Rebecca is a 3rd year politics
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DEBATING CHAMBER". Shared courtesy of Gavin Reynolds under a Creative Commons licence. The outcome of this blatant sexism is women’s under-representation in policy debate. Female debaters experience sexism in and outside of the debate round that result in gender-related barriers. Women are not only sexualized and victimized but their particular ways of knowing are excluded from the debate community. Female visibility is key to success in the business and academic world as well as fostering role models for other younger female debaters.
Griffin and Raider, 89(J. Cinder and Holly Jane, “Women in High School Debate” http://groups.wfu.edu/debate/MiscSites/DRGArticles/GriffinandRaider1989PunishmentPar.htm)
'I don't usually vote for girl debaters because debate really is a boy's activity.
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expend team resources on her increases, assuming she overcomes the initial obstacles. The debate community places women in a double-bind – they are continually degraded, judged and excluded because of their material bodies yet female debaters are not allowed to discuss these everyday experiences of violence in debate. The phallic structure emphasizes logics that result in women’s exclusion from debate
Eisenberg in 2012
Stephanie Esienberg “Speaking from the Margins: Negotiating barriers to women’s participation and success in policy debate” San Francisco State.
Particular types of argument choices may affect the way participants experience a debate round.
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in debate that challenge their competitors and judges to a moment of reflexivity. Like women in debate, women of the anti-toxic waste movement have been excluded from public policy discussions regarding nuclear energy production. Women’s particular ways of knowing are ruled as illegitimate and unqualified for public debates by the NRC and other state officials. Even within anti-nuclear activism, women are regulated to administrative “shit work” and organizational tasks. Women’s material bodies are consistently ignored in academic and policy discussions of nuclear energy production and anti-waste activism.
Culley and Angelique in 03
Culley and Angelique 2003 - Culley is a PhD Community Psychologist at University of Missouri – Kansas. Angelique PhD Psychologist and Professor of Community Psychology and Social Change at Penn State. Women’s Gendered Experiences as Long-term Three Mile Island Activists. Gender and Society, Vol. 17, No. 3 (Jun., 2003), pp. 445-461.
Women are leading the antinuclear/anti-toxic waste movement in the United States
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residents, and subsequent community mobilization follows to place our research in context. Public policy discussions concerning nuclear energy production ignore the accidents of testing and waste that violate women’s bodies – The nuclear industry AS WELL AS the government have glossed over such violence by silencing the everyday, particular experiences of women.
Culley and Angelique in 03
Culley and Angelique 2003 - Culley is a PhD Community Psychologist at University of Missouri – Kansas. Angelique PhD Psychologist and Professor of Community Psychology and Social Change at Penn State. Women’s Gendered Experiences as Long-term Three Mile Island Activists. Gender and Society, Vol. 17, No. 3 (Jun., 2003), pp. 445-461.
Two of the women interviewed were pregnant at the time of the accident. Each
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, and the sociopolitical environment were shaped through the analysis of everyday experience. The perceived objectivity and neutrality in nuclear energy production is a tool of the phallic system. Science has been co-opted by hegemonic masculinity and used to ignore women’s material bodies. This is not an essentialist claim about biologics for all women; rather, that the everyday experiences of these women reveal a distinctive identity rooted in the gendered experience.
Brown, 1995
Phil Brown is a Professor at Brown University in Environmental Sociology and Health, Faith I. T. Ferguson, "Making a Big Stink": Women's Work, Women's Relationships, and Toxic Waste Activism. Gender and Society, Vol. 9, No. 2 (Apr., 1995), pp. 145-172 Sage Publications, Inc. Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/189869. Accessed: 17/12/2012 18:12
This challenge is made using objectivity as the standard against which lay work is judged
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color, older people, and people with less education (Hamilton 1990). Phallic logic marks sciences by its perceived neutrality – this form of knowledge production favors paradigms based on white, male, hegemonic thinking. Science and objectivity stand in for the male experience by exercising hierarchical control and domination over the feminine
Nhanenge 7 – Master of Arts at the development studies @ the University of South Africa (Jytte “Ecofeminism: Towards Integrating the concerns of women poor people and nature into development” http://uir.unisa.ac.za/bitstream/handle/10500/570/dissertation.pdf?sequence=1)//AA
Modern science is portrayed as a universal, value-free and objective system of
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Keller 1985: 7; Biaidotti et al I994: 30-31). Thus, Erica and I stand in opposition of the of the restrictions on gynocentric eco-logic and the feminine experiences of the anti-toxic movement that prevents them from being acknowledged Our AFF is not a forced choice –The feminine accesses strands of intersectionality that are central to anti-toxic waste activism. Gynocentric logic uses everyday experiences to bridge communities of difference and foster political activism
Ackelsberg 2001 – Professor of Women and Gender Studies at Smith College, PhD in
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, No. 2 (Summer, 2001), pp. 391-418
Published by: Feminist Studies, Inc. Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/3178766 .
Nancy A. Naples's Grassroots Warriors: Activist Mothering, Community Work, and the
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to make any real progress toward a more democratic and egalitarian society.8
The affirmative is a Gynocentric eco-logic that reveals nodes of potential for the female body to resist oppression. The phallic logic inherent in scientific thought permeates public policy discussions on nuclear energy production. Our gynocentric logic is one that remains open to and respects differences. It is not about biological claims of womanhood; rather, knowledge through the subjective experiences of women’s cultural and historical location.
Glazebrook in 2k5
(Trish, Associate Professor of Philosophy at Dalhousie University in Nova Scotia, Ethics and the Environment 10.2 (2005) 75-99, Gynocentric Eco-logics) Likewise, I wish to provide a diagnosis and etiology, and suggest a curative
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all epistemologies are alternatives, even phallic logic that claims to be universal. |
