Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
1AC

Contention One is Regulation
Nanotech is inevitable by 2020.
Treder and Phoenix 7
Mike, Executive Director of CRN, BS Biology, University of Washington, Research Fellow with the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies, a consultant to the Millennium Project, Center For Responsible Nanotechnology, Results of Our Ongoing Research, Last Updated April 16, 2007. http://www.crnano.org/overview.html
Early development of molecular nanotechnology increases some risks, but reduces others; overall,
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costs) are significant, and may even outweigh the risks of development.
MNT should probably be developed internationally. (MORE) Even at this early stage
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such a technology are immense. Unfortunately, the risks are also immense. 

But shrinking manufacturing capacity prevent quick US development.
Roberts 5
Paul, “US Falling  Behind Across the Board,” 7/27/05. Paul Craig Roberts (born April 3, 1939, in Atlanta, Georgia) is an economist and a nationally syndicated columnist for Creators Syndicate. He served as an Assistant Secretary of the Treasury in the Reagan Administration earning fame as the "Father of Reaganomics". He is a former editor and columnist for the Wall Street Journal, Business Week, and Scripps Howard News Service. He is a graduate of the Georgia Institute of Technology and he holds a Ph.D. from the University of Virginia. He was a post-graduate at the University of California, Berkeley, and Oxford University where he was a member of Merton College.  In 1992 he received the Warren Brookes Award for Excellence in Journalism. In 1993 the Forbes Media Guide ranked him as one of the top seven journalists in the United States.1 http://www.counterpunch.org/roberts07272005.html
On Monday, I reported that the US, formerly a superpower until afflicted with
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Taiwan spend more per capita on nanotech RandD than the US.  
Scenario One is the Nano-Race
Nanotech is the final arms race.
Marlow 4
(John, Interview on the Superswarm Option, Nanotechnology Now, February, http://www.nanotech-now.com/John-Marlow-Superswarm-interview-Feb04.htm, JT)
Marlow's 2nd Paradox As stated in the Nano novel, Marlow's Second Paradox is this
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see themselves as having nothing to lose, and the world to gain. 

Unregulated nanotech sparks a massive arms race and collapses deterrence.
Treder and Phoenix 7
(Mike, consultant to the Millennium Project of the American Council for the United Nations University and to the Future Technologies Advisory Group, Chris, CRN’s directory of research,Center for Responsible Nanotechnology, Results of Our Ongoing Research, April 16, http://www.crnano.org/overview.htm, JT)

Nanotech weapons would be extremely powerful and could lead to a dangerously unstable arms race
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of nuclear nations, increasing the chance of a regional conflict blowing up. 

Quick US development is key to prevent unregulated development which results in arms races, collapse of the global economy, and all scenarios for conflict.
Treder and Phoenix 7
(Mike,- Executive Director of CRN, BS Biology, University of Washington, Research Fellow with the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies, a consultant to the Millennium Project of the American Council for the United Nations University and to the Future Technologies Advisory Group, serves on the Nanotech Briefs Editorial Advisory Board, is a member of the New York Academy of Sciences and a member of the World Future Society. AND Chris,- CRN’s Director of Research, has studied nanotechnology for more than 15 years. BS, Symbolic Systems, MS, Computer Science, Stanford University. CRN's positions are the result of deliberations between its principals, Mike Treder and Chris Phoenix, informed by our mutual lifelong interest in emerging technologies and studies of societal dynamics, and sharpened through consultation with experts in many fields and continued research into both the technical and policy aspects of advanced nanotechnology. Center For Responsible Nanotechnology, Results of Our Ongoing Research, Last Updated April 16, 2007. http://www.crnano.org/overview.html

Overview:  The Center for Responsible Nanotechnology has developed a tentative outline for the international
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, before national programs can get started. Development will rapidly become cheaper.
Technically, the development of MNT depends on a design and on a molecular manipulation
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, not a risk, but any risk must be balanced against it.  
Scenario Two is Grey Goo
Being the first to develop defensive nanotech is critical to prevent grey-goo, which causes extinction.
Freitas 6
(Robert, senior research fellow@Institute for Melecular Manufacturing, http://www.rfreitas.com/Nano/MMDangerous.pdf, p. 15-18, accessed: 8 April 2012, JT)

One common argument against pursuing a molecular assembler or nanofactory design effort is that the
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legitimate research that might cure disease or solve important environmental problems would suffer.
Scenario Three is China
China will weaponize nanotechnology—only the US can usher peaceful development.
Navrozov 9
(Lev, prominent Russian writer, translator, and journalist, March 26, http://www.newsmax.com/navrozov/china-nanoweapons/2009/03/26/id/329078, accessed: 10 April 2012)
Let us now see how nanoweapons have been treated in China. On November 3
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include only the commercial production of peaceful nano commodities, and no nanoweapons.

Chinese acquisition of nano-weapons causes extinction.
Marlow 4
(John, writer@NanoNews Now Monthly Report, “Nanosecurity and the Future (if Any),” a publication of Nanotechnology Now, April, http://johnrobertmarlow.com/a_homedex.html, JT)

The Chinese Question According to an October, 2003 article in Small Times magazine,
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Liberation Army and the National Defense Science and Engineering Committee. 17
Contention Two is Heg
Cyber-attack is coming
Reed 12
John, Reports on the frontiers of cyber war and the latest in military technology for Killer Apps at Foreign Policy, "U.S. energy companies victims of potentially destructive cyber intrusions", 10/11, killerapps.foreignpolicy.com/posts/2012/10/11/us_energy_companies_victims_of_potentially_destructive_cyber_attacks
Foreign actors are probing the networks of key American companies in an attempt to gain
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power plants infected by Stuxnet very far away from Iran," Kaspersky said.
Grid failure wrecks US critical mission operations
Stockton 11
Paul, assistant secretary of defense for Homeland Defense and Americas’ Security Affairs, “Ten Years After 9/11: Challenges for the Decade to Come”, http://www.hsaj.org/?fullarticle=7.2.11
The cyber threat to the DIB is only part of a much larger challenge to
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system over which it does not – and never will – exercise control.

Grid attacks take out C and C---causes retaliation and nuclear war
Tilford 12
Robert, Graduate US Army Airborne School, Ft. Benning, Georgia, “Cyber attackers could shut down the electric grid for the entire east coast” 2012, http://www.examiner.com/article/cyber-attackers-could-easily-shut-down-the-electric-grid-for-the-entire-east-coa
To make matters worse”,
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if authorized by the President.

Solar islands the grid and ensures military power.
NETL 7
National Energy Technology Laboratory for the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability, "MODERN GRID BENEFITS" August 2007 http://www.netl.doe.gov/smartgrid/referenceshelf/whitepapers/Modern%20Grid%20Benefits_Final_v1_0.pdf)

SIGNIFICANTLY REDUCED VULNERABILITY TO TERRORIST ATTACK AND¶ NATURAL DISASTERS¶ A Center for Contemporary
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increased resistance to attack makes it better able to cope with natural disasters.
Nanosolar increase mission efficiency and readiness.
Sager 8  
(Brian, Co-founder and VP of Corporate Development at Nanosolar Inc,
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cost substrates, roll-to-roll processing, and fast assembly.
Nanotech key to military power and heg—the first nation to acquire will maintain global power indefinitely.
Pandya 12
Jayshree Pandya, phD Rice Univeristy, is the founder of Risk Group LLC (http://www.riskgroupllc.com), a risk research think tank organization that focuses on risk centric critical thinking and objective evaluation of nations, their governments, industries, organizations, and academia (NGIOA), From Nanotechnology to Nano-Defense, http://www.isn.ethz.ch/isn/Digital-Library/Articles/Special-Feature/Detail/?lng=enandid=155962andtabid=1453410412andcontextid774=155962andcontextid775=155959, 2012, Dec 10, 2012
Nano-science, nano-engineering and nano-technology are expected to play
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key determining factors for a state’s success, abundance, and global power.
Independently, semiconductor technology is key to winning the race– it provides the basis for necessary innovations
Barrett et al 5
Quoting Steve Appleton, chief executive officer of Micron Technology and 2005 chairman of the SIA; Craig Barrett, chief executive officer of Intel Corporation; Dale Jorgenson, Samuel W. Morris University Professor at Harvard University; and George Scalise, president of the SIA, Online Journal of Nanotechnology , March 17th, 2005, “U.S. Could Lose Race for Nanotechnology Leadership,” www.azonano.com/news.asp%3FnewsID%3D635
The coming transition to nano-scale semiconductor devices means that leadership in information technology
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to ensure that America continues to be the world leader in information technology."
Heg prevents extinction.
Barnett 11
(Thomas P.M., Former Senior Strategic Researcher and Professor in the Warfare Analysis and Research Department, Center for Naval Warfare Studies, U.S. Naval War College American military geostrategist and Chief Analyst at Wikistrat., worked as the Assistant for Strategic Futures in the Office of Force Transformation in the Department of Defense, “The New Rules: Leadership Fatigue Puts U.S., and Globalization, at Crossroads,” March 7 http://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/8099/the-new-rules-leadership-fatigue-puts-u-s-and-globalization-at-crossroads)
Events in Libya are a further reminder for Americans that we stand at a crossroads
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the 20th century, setting the stage for the Pacific Century now unfolding. 

Plan
Plan: The Department of Defense should procure nanotechnology based solar power for electricity generation in the United States.
Contention Three is Solvency
Nanosolar exists and is comparatively better than traditional PVs
Szondy 12
David, correspondent for Gizmag, New nanocrystals let solar panels generate electricity ... and hydrogen gas, http://www.gizmag.com/solar-nanocrystal/23851/, Aug 28
At first glance, photovoltaic solar panels are brilliant. They’re self-contained,
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run a fuel cell at night.
Solar nanotech is the key enabler to other sectors of nanotech research
Smalley 5
Quoting Richard Smalley, Nobel laureate,  Rice University Professor and the Gene and Norman Hackerman Professor of Chemistry and professor of physic, Nanotechwire, 10/5/05, “Nanotechnology Deemed Best Long-Term Energy Alternative”
http://nanotechwire.com/news.asp?nid=2394
Breakthroughs in nanotechnology could open up the possibility of moving beyond the United States’s current
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technology area and highlighting how science can have direct bearing on people’s lives. 

Nanosolar provides the key technology for the development of all other forms of nanotech.
Mascher 8
Quoting Peter Mascher, Professor and William Sinclair Chair in Optoelectronics Department of Engineering Physics. McMaster University, Azonano, nanotech news website, 6/24/08, June 24th, 2008 http://www.azonano.com/news.asp?newsID=6647
"The natural synergy of scientific and technological problems of electronics, photonics and renewable
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use the meeting as a convenient way to review new developments and innovations."
DoD procurement key to accelerating nanotech and monitoring dangerous developments.
DoD 9
Department of Defense, Defense Nanotechnology Research and Development Program, http://www.nano.gov/sites/default/files/pub_resource/dod-report_to_congress_final_1mar10.pdf, 2009
The defense nanotechnology RandD portfolio continues to be primarily comprised  of basic and
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grow this industry and will intervene in this sector only  when absolutely necessary.
Additionally, DoD cooperation with the private sector is key to high-risk nanotech developments—expertise and sustained support.
Young 7
John J. Young is the Director of Defense Research and Engineering at the Department of Defense. April 26th.  “Defense Nanotechnology Research and Development Program”  www.fas.org/irp/agency/dod/nano2007.pdf.
The DoD nanotechnology program is a direct result of sustained support for highly adaptive and  
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a broad range of expertise focused on key  opportunities emerging from nanotechnology research.    

Only federal funding overcomes “the valley of death” and ensures swift development.
Sargent 8
John F. Sargent, Specialist in Science and Technology Policy in the Resources, Science, and Industry Division “Nanotechnology and U.S. Competitiveness,” http://fpc.state.gov/documents/organization/106153.pdf, 2008
Much of the public dialogue on how the government can advance U.S.
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where the nation would be able to capture their economic and societal benefits.
DoD funding now.
Roco 12
MC, Senior Advisor to the National Science Foundation (NSF) and key architect of the National Nanotechnology Initiative, National Nanotechnology Investment in the FY 2013 Budget, http://www.aaas.org/spp/rd/rdreport2013/13pch23.pdf
The emerging fields of nanoscale science, engineering, and technology — which investigate how
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a total budget of $306 million

Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
We meet – plan is a financial incentive, not R+D – acquiring is T
US Code 3
Legal Information Institute, "41 USC § 131 – Acquisition", November 24, http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/41/131?quicktabs_8=1~~%23quicktabs-8-http://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/41/131?quicktabs_8=1
In division B, the term "acquisition"—¶ (1) means the process
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management functions directly related to the process of fulfilling agency requirements by contract.
C/I – Financial incentives induce behaviors—that includes plan
Webb 93
lecturer in the Faculty of Law at the University of Ottawa (Kernaghan, "Thumbs, Fingers, and Pushing on String: Legal Accountability in the Use of Federal Financial Incentives", 31 Alta. L. Rev. 501 (1993) Hein Online)
In this paper, "financial incentives" are taken to mean disbursements 18 of
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In effect, these programs are assistance, but they are not incentives.
Precision—our definition’s from the DoE
Waxman 98
Solicitor General of the US (Seth, Brief for the United States in Opposition for the US Supreme Court case HARBERT/LUMMUS AGRIFUELS PROJECTS, ET AL., PETITIONERS v. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, http://www.justice.gov/osg/briefs/1998/0responses/98-0697.resp.opp.pdf)
2  On November 15, 1986, Keefe was delegated "the authority, with
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or his delegate(s)." Pet. App. 111-113.

Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
CIR thumps.
Gonzalez, The Republic, 2-3-’13 (Daniel, "Paths to immigration reform will be bumpy" http://www.azcentral.com/news/politics/articles/20130130immigration-reform-bumpy.html)
President Barack Obama and a bipartisan group of eight senators have set the stage for
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president signing a bill before the legislative recess in August," Medina said.
DoD shields
Davenport 12
Coral, energy and environment correspondent for National Journal, Prior to joining National Journal
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1 billion on renewable energy and energy-efficiency programs across its departments.
Plan popular.
Sargent 11
(John, Specialist in Science and Technology Policy@CRS, "Nanotechnology: A Policy Primer," 2 September 2011, http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/RL34511.pdf-http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/RL34511.pdf, accessed: 3 January 2012, JT)

Nanoscale science, engineering, and technology—commonly referred to collectively as nanotechnology—
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lead may not be as large as it was for previous emerging technologies.

only a risk plan generates a win
Hirsh, Chief Correspondent National Journal, 2-7-’13 (Michael, "There’s No Such Thing as Political Capital" National Journal, http://www.nationaljournal.com/magazine/there-s-no-such-thing-as-political-capital-20130207)
On Tuesday, in his State of the Union address, President Obama will do
AND

Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
Solar spending now- 
Wall Street Journal, August 17 2012 ,("The Energy Subsidy Tally" Wall Street Journal. Web, Acc 9/11/2012) http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424053111903285704576559103573673300.html?mod=googlenews_wsj-http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424053111903285704576559103573673300.html?mod=googlenews_wsj
President Obama traveled to Iowa Tuesday and touted wind energy subsidies as the path to
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subsidies—and that understates the figure because it leaves out direct spending.
No trickle down.
Reitenbach 12
Dr. Gail, POWER’s Managing Editor, "The U.S. Military Gets Smart Grid", January 1, www.powermag.com/smart_grid/The-U-S-Military-Gets-Smart-Grid_4228_p3.html
There should be no question about the importance of more self-reliant, sophisticated
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transfer power to and from homes, electric vehicles, and the grid."
Military energy programs won’t be commercialized.
Erwin 12
Sandra, National Defense Business and Technology Magazine, "Pentagon’s Influence in Green Energy Innovation Overestimated, Study Says", 2012, www.nationaldefensemagazine.org/blog/lists/posts/post.aspx?ID=728
A new study casts doubts on the Defense Department’s ability to shape the nation’s clean
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are made to consciously align DoD’s efforts with larger national goals and resources."
China econ’s resilient—-government control checks
Katsenelson 9 – Vitaliy N., director of research at Investment Management Associates-http://bit.ly/L4eoG in Denver, Colo., and the author of Active Value Investing: Making Money in Range-Bound Markets-http://bit.ly/L4eoG, 7/23/09, "The China Bubble’s Coming — But Not the One You Think", Foreign Policy,  http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2009/07/23/the_china_bubbles_coming_but_not_the_one_you_think
Despite everything, the Chinese economy has shown incredible resilience recently. Although its biggest
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and fast. That’s why the country is producing such robust economic numbers.

Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
Obama should take a back seat on immigration – deal by Gang of 8 solves better
Rove, 2-6-’13 (Karl, "How the President Can Aid Immigration Reform" Wall Street Journal, http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887324590904578287641299090354.html?mod=WSJ_Opinion_LEFTTopOpinion~~%23)
There was rare good news from Washington last week, as eight senators—four
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, it will be a first for Mr. Obama. Here’s hoping.
Republicans unwilling to support the bill
NYT, 2-6-’13 ("Immigration and the Middle Ground" http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/07/opinion/immigration-reform-and-the-false-middle-ground.html?_r=0)
The House Judiciary Committee held its first hearing on immigration on Tuesday, and it was not encouraging.
In recent weeks, a bipartisan group of senators and President Obama have called for
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have been absorbed into the republic without being forced into a permanent underclass.
DoD shields
Davenport 12
Coral, energy and environment correspondent for National Journal, Prior to joining National Journal
AND
, White House Budget to Expand Clean-Energy Programs Through Pentagon, ProQuest
The White House believes it has figured out how to get more money for clean
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1 billion on renewable energy and energy-efficiency programs across its departments.
Plan popular.
Sargent 11
(John, Specialist in Science and Technology Policy@CRS, "Nanotechnology: A Policy Primer," 2 September 2011, http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/RL34511.pdf-http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/misc/RL34511.pdf, accessed: 3 January 2012, JT)

Nanoscale science, engineering, and technology—commonly referred to collectively as nanotechnology—
AND
lead may not be as large as it was for previous emerging technologies.

Political capital not key – only a risk plan generates a win
Hirsh, Chief Correspondent National Journal, 2-7-’13 (Michael, "There’s No Such Thing as Political Capital" National Journal, http://www.nationaljournal.com/magazine/there-s-no-such-thing-as-political-capital-20130207)
On Tuesday, in his State of the Union address, President Obama will do
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but to move. It’s your choice.¶ The future is wide open.
Gun Control Thumps
Rauch 1/20
Jonathan, New York Daily News, Guest Scholar at the Brookings Institution
"Opinion Tackle immigration first, Mr. President Gun control will please the base, but it could squander political capital"
Asked a few years ago whether George W. Bush had made any consequential mistakes
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with only one party’s support. Obama may yet succeed where Bush failed.

Relations are High and Resilient
India’s interest to maintain strong ties to balance against China
Prabhu 12/26
Jaideep, professor of Indian Business @ Cambridge,"India-Russia ties need to be cemented with honesty" http://www.niticentral.com/2012/12/india-russia-ties-need-to-be-cemented-with-honesty.html
New Delhi, however, sees the world differently. Admittedly, its defeat in
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take the quieter option of not committing to alliances and chest-thumping.

Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
SMRs links to politics.
Smith ’10 (Rebecca, Contributor, "Small Reactors Generate Big Hopes", The Wall Street Journal, 2-18-10,
http://www.generatorsystems.com/pdf/Small%20Reactors%20Generate%20Big%20Hopes%20WSJ%2002-18-2010.pdf-http://www.generatorsystems.com/pdf/Small Reactors Generate Big Hopes WSJ 02-18-2010.pdf, accessed 8-1-12)

"We see significant benefits from the new, modular technology," said Donald Moul
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progressively bigger, ending up at about 1,000 megawatts of capacity. 

Nanotechn development allows for the colonization of space and overcoming multiple extinction scenarios.
Peterson and Heller 7
(Christine, prez of foresight institute, Jacob, policy associate@Foresight Institute, Nanoethics: The Ethical and Social Implications of Nanotechnology, p. 66-67, GoogleBooks, JT)

Satellites already play a vital role in communications* environmental monitoring, and scientific research
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has been shown to work in simulated spacclikc conditions (Knight, 2006).

Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
Perm do both—coordination amongst DoD agencies leads to quick development.
DOD 9
Department of Defense, Defense Nanotechnology Research and Development Program, http://www.nano.gov/sites/default/files/pub_resource/dod-report_to_congress_final_1mar10.pdf-http://www.nano.gov/sites/default/files/pub_resource/dod-report_to_congress_final_1mar10.pdf, 2009
Within DoD, the Defense Science and Technology Group (DSTAG) and the  Defense
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, and Engineering Command (RDECOM)  Nanotechnology Integrated Product Team (IPT).
Acquisition could include RandD – not a mandate but going through CP’s mechanism works
Schwartz 10 Moshe Schwartz, Specialist in Defense Acquisition April 23, 2010, Defense Acquisitions: How DOD Acquires Weapon Systems and Recent Efforts to Reform the Process, http://www.fas.org/sgp/crs/natsec/RL34026.pdf
The Department of Defense (DOD) purchases goods and services from contractors to support
AND
and does not always produce systems that meet anticipated cost or performance expectations.

DoD will choose established tech
CNA 10
non-profit research organization that operates the Center for Naval Analyses and the Institute for Public Research, "Powering America’s Economy: Energy Innovation at the Crossroads of National Security Challenges", July, http://www.cna.org/sites/default/files/research/WEB%2007%2027%2010%20MAB%20Powering%20America%27s%20Economy.pdf-http://www.cna.org/sites/default/files/research/WEB 07 27 10 MAB Powering America%27s Economy.pdf
In our final discussion, we consider the end of the innovation pipeline—deployment
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innovative technologies on its installations provides a clear demand signal to the developer.

RandD is important but not sufficient—DoD lead move key
Stepp et al. 11
Matt, specialist in clean energy innovation at the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, formerly Fellow at the Breakthrough Institute, et al, May 2011, "Ten Principles for Creating a New U.S. Clean Energy Policy," http://www.itif.org/files/2011-guiding-principles.pdf
R%26D is fundamentally the most important part of an effective clean energy innovation
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energy technologies with little hope for dramatic price reductions of next generation innovations.

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Nanotechnology allows for growth without triggering your impacts – we wouldn’t accumulate harmful capital
Regis 95
Ed Regis, 1995. Science technology author. Nano; the emerging science of nanotechnology: remaking the world- molecule by molecule. p. 183-184
Money, too, would no longer be worshiped the way it always had been
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further hindrance, no resistance to human will. The assemblers would provide.
Neolib’s inevitable and movements are getting smothered out of existence—no alternative economic system
Jones 11
Owen, Masters at Oxford, named one of the Daily Telegraph’s ’Top 100 Most Influential People on the Left’ for 2011, author of "Chavs: The Demonization of the Working Class", The Independent, UK, "Owen Jones: Protest without politics will change nothing", 2011, www.independent.co.uk/opinion/commentators/owen-jones-protest-without-politics-will-change-nothing-2373612.html
My first experience of police kettling was aged 16. It was May Day 2001
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– from Seattle to Prague to Genoa – and the authorities were rattled.
Today, as protesters in nearly a thousand cities across the world follow the example set by the Occupy Wall Street protests, it’s worth pondering what happened to the anti-globalisation movement. Its activists did not lack passion or determination. But they did lack a coherent alternative to the neo-liberal project. With no clear political direction, the movement was easily swept away by the jingoism and turmoil that followed 9/11, just two months after Genoa.
Don’t get me wrong: the Occupy movement is a glimmer of sanity amid today’s
AND
class, the rich class, that’s making war, and we’re winning."
The Occupy movement has provoked fury from senior US Republicans such as Presidential contender Herman Cain who – predictably – labelled it "anti-American". They’re right to be worried: those camping outside banks threaten to refocus attention on the real villains, and to act as a catalyst for wider dissent. But a coherent alternative to the tottering global economic order remains, it seems, as distant as ever.
Neo-liberalism crashes around, half-dead, with no-one to administer the killer blow.
There’s always a presumption that a crisis of capitalism is good news for the left
AND
liberal globalisation; and the repeated defeats suffered by the trade union movement.
But, above all, it was the aftermath of the collapse of Communism that
AND
of revolt, there remains no left to give it direction and purpose.
No environment impact
Ridder 8
Ben, Phd School of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Tasmania, "Questioning the ecosystem services argument for biodiversity conservation" Biodiversity and conservation yr:2008 vol:17 iss:4 pg:781
*ES = environmental services
The low resilience assumption
Advocates of the conservation of biodiversity tend not to acknowledge the distinction between resilient and sensitive ES. This ’low resilience assumption’ gives rise to, and is reinforced by the almost ubiquitous claim within the conservation literature that ES depend on biodiversity.
An extreme example of this claim is made by the Ehrlichs in Extinction. They
AND
associated with any use of economic arguments to justify the conservation of biodiversity.
No root cause
Larrivee 10
PF ECONOMICS AT MOUNT ST MARY’S UNIVERSITY – MASTERS FROM THE HARVARD KENNEDY SCHOOL AND PHD IN ECONOMICS FROM WISCONSIN, 10 ~JOHN, A FRAMEWORK FOR THE MORAL ANALYSIS OF MARKETS, 10/1, http://www.teacheconomicfreedom.org/files/larrivee-paper-1.pdf-http://www.teacheconomicfreedom.org/files/larrivee-paper-1.pdf~~
 The Second Focal Point: Moral, Social, and Cultural Issues of Capitalism
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problems in the first place, at least not to the degree theorized.
Alt is impossible and causes extinction in the short term—-market incentives are key
Barnhizer 6
Professor of Law, Cleveland State University. (David, Waking from Sustainability’s "Impossible Dream": The Decisionmaking Realities of Business and Government, 18 Geo. Int’l Envtl. L. Rev. 595, Lexis)
Medieval alchemists sought unsuccessfully to discover the process that would enable them to turn base
AND
Yet even this approach can only be achieved incrementally with limited positive effects.
Consumption is inevitable and build ethical democratic solidarity
Cohen 2
(Patricia, Writer for the New York Times, citing James B. Twitchell, Professor of English at the University of Florida, "In Defense Of Our Wicked, Wicked Way", The New York Times, July 7, http://www.clas.ufl.edu/users/jtwitche/nytimesarticle.pdf)
"I CAN stand here and look at this for hours," said James B
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consumption is eternal. The ad slogan is right: Diamonds are forever. 

Nanosolar solves structural violence.
Priaulx 5
Mike Priaulx, Science and Technology studies at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Solar Cells and Nanotechnology, http://www.tahan.com/charlie/nanosociety/course201/nanos/MP.pdf-http://www.tahan.com/charlie/nanosociety/course201/nanos/MP.pdf, 2005
Another potential feature of these solar cells is that the nanorods could be ’tuned’
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improve the standard of living for millions, possibly even  billions of people%21

Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
Prior questions fail and paralyze politics.
Owen 2
(David, Reader of Political Theory at the Univ. of Southampton, Millennium, 31(3), p. 655-7, JT)
Commenting on the ’philosophical turn’ in IR, Wæver remarks that ’~a~
AND
the first and second dangers, and so a potentially vicious circle arises.
Reps doesn’t cause war
Reiter 95
DAN REITER is a Professor of Political Science at Emory University and has been an Olin post-doctoral fellow in security studies at Harvard "Exploring the Powder Keg Myth" International Security v20 No2 Autumn 1995 pp 5-34 JSTOR
A criticism of assessing the frequency of preemptive wars by looking only at wars themselves
AND
cancer, this is not demonstrated by the results of such a test.
Predictions for nano is crucial for preparation.
Cascio 8
Jamais Cascio, Director of Impacts Analysis, is a writer, blogger and futurist covering the intersection of emerging technologies and cultural transformation. He speaks about future scenarios around the world and his essays about technology and society have appeared in a variety of print and online publications. In addition to his position with CRN, Jamais is a Senior Fellow at the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies as well as a research affiliate at the Institute for the Future. In 2003, Jamais co-founded WorldChanging.com, a Web site dedicated to finding and calling attention to models, tools, and ideas for building a ’bright green’ future. Jamais authored nearly 2,000 articles during his time at WorldChanging, looking at topics such as energy and the environment, global development, open-source technologies, and catalysts for social change, Restating CRN’s Purpose, http://www.crnano.org/essays07.htm~~%2312, December 2007
How soon could molecular manufacturing (MM) arrive? It’s an important question,
AND
tomorrow," figuratively speaking — we’ll be very glad we started preparing early.
Apocalyptic rhetoric is a legitimate and productive response —-working through it is the only way to create an authentic relationship to the world and death
Macy 2K
Joanna Macy, adjunct professor at the California Institute of Integral Studies, 2000, Environmental Discourse and Practice: A Reader, p. 243
The move to a wider ecological sense of self is in large part a function
AND
as a species – be immune to what we do to other beings.
Defer to our statistical and longitudinal analysis – makes predictions about world politics possible
Ward and Metternich 12
 Professors PolSci Duke University, 11-16-’12 (Michael and Nils, "Predicting the Future Is Easier Than It Looks" Foreign Policy, http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2012/11/16/predicting_the_future_is_easier_than_it_looks)
Before Billy Bean and the sabermetric revolution upended baseball and ushered in a new era
AND
the water in the glass, not just how big the glass is.

Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
Avoiding suffering is DISTINCT from fearing death—extreme anguish is NEVER justified because it’s imposed on others.  
Edelglass 6 – William, Assistant Professor of Philosophy at Marlboro College, "LEVINAS ON SUFFERING AND COMPASSION" Sophia, Vol. 45, No. 2, October 2006
Because suffering is a pure passivity, lived as the breach of the totality we
AND
remove its evil while leaving the tyranny of a pain that overwhelms subjectivity.
Reps of suffering cause global consciousness
Andrew Linklater 7, Department of International Politics, University of Wales, Distant Suffering and Cosmopolitan Obligations, International Politics (2007) 44, 19–36, http://www.palgrave-journals.com/ip/journal/v44/n1/full/8800156a.html
There has been much discussion of whether the global media alter dominant attitudes to distant
AND
personal risks are involved, should attract the scrutiny of the criminal law.
Even if suffering is inevitable and valuable extreme and involuntary suffering is not—-preserving peoples’ ability to choose to not suffer is a key affirmation of human subjectivity
White 12
Richard White is associate professor of philosophy Creighton University "Levinas, the Philosophy of Suffering, and the Ethics of Compassion" The Heythrop Journal Volume 53, Issue 1, pages 111–123, Published online esept 27 2011, official publication date: January 2012, Wiley
Levinas’s phenomenology of suffering is compelling and to a great extent his account is confirmed
AND
But is this what Levinas has in mind in the passage just quoted?
Defending life allows humans the freedom to act —- it is ontologically rooted in natality
Vatter 6
 (Miguel, es profesor adjunto ordinario del Instituto de Ciencia Política de la Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, NATALITY AND BIOPOLITICS IN HANNAH ARENDT, Revista de Ciencia Política/ Volumen 26/ Nº2/ 137-159, (http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?pid=S0718-090X2006000200008%26script=sci_arttext)\
Arendt calls natality, defined as the fact that each human life begins with birth
AND
Instead, politics should be thought of as the freedom of life itself.
Life has intrinsic and objective value achieved through subjective pleasures—-its preservation should be an a priori goal
Kacou 8
Amien WHY EVEN MIND? On The A Priori Value Of "Life", Cosmos and History: The Journal of Natural and Social Philosophy, Vol 4, No 1-2 (2008) cosmosandhistory.org/index.php/journal/article/view/92/184
Furthermore, that manner of finding things good that is in pleasure can certainly not
AND
and desire. Perhaps, our inquiry should be a bit more complex.
Preventing death is the first ethical priority – it’s the only impact you can’t recover from.
Bauman 95
Zygmunt Bauman, University of Leeds Professor Emeritus of Sociology, 1995, Life In Fragments: Essays In Postmodern Morality, p. 66-71
The being for is like living towards the future: a being
AND
acting morally, and sometimes even of being good, in the present.
Ethical policymaking requires calculation of consequences
Gvosdev 5
– Rhodes scholar, PhD from St. Antony’s College, executive editor of The National Interest (Nikolas, The Value(s) of Realism, SAIS Review 25.1, pmuse)

As the name implies, realists focus on promoting policies that are achievable and sustainable
AND
—and the one that had also been roundly condemned on moral grounds.
In practice their alternative will further tyrannical control and genocide
Barbrook 98
Richard Barbrook, coordinator of the Hypermedia Research Centre at the University of Westminster, 8/27/1998, http://amsterdam.nettime.org/Lists-Archives/nettime-l-9808/msg00091.html, accessed 3/3/03
Deleuze and Guattari enthusiastically joined this attack against the concept of historical progress. For
AND
genocide. The ’line of flight’ from Stalin had led to Pol Pot.

Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
Prior questions fail and paralyze politics.
Owen 2
(David, Reader of Political Theory at the Univ. of Southampton, Millennium, 31(3), p. 655-7, JT)
Commenting on the ’philosophical turn’ in IR, Wæver remarks that ’~a~
AND
the first and second dangers, and so a potentially vicious circle arises.
Nanotechnology allows for consumption without triggering your impacts.
Regis 95
Ed Regis, 1995. Science technology author. Nano; the emerging science of nanotechnology: remaking the world- molecule by molecule. p. 183-184
Money, too, would no longer be worshiped the way it always had been
AND
further hindrance, no resistance to human will. The assemblers would provide.
Alt is impossible and causes extinction in the short term—-market incentives are key
Barnhizer 6 
Professor of Law, Cleveland State University. (David, Waking from Sustainability’s "Impossible Dream": The Decisionmaking Realities of Business and Government, 18 Geo. Int’l Envtl. L. Rev. 595, Lexis)
Medieval alchemists sought unsuccessfully to discover the process that would enable them to turn base
AND
Yet even this approach can only be achieved incrementally with limited positive effects.
Consumption is inevitable and build ethical democratic solidarity
Cohen 2
(Patricia, Writer for the New York Times, citing James B. Twitchell, Professor of English at the University of Florida, "In Defense Of Our Wicked, Wicked Way", The New York Times, July 7, http://www.clas.ufl.edu/users/jtwitche/nytimesarticle.pdf)
"I CAN stand here and look at this for hours," said James B
AND
consumption is eternal. The ad slogan is right: Diamonds are forever. 

Nanosolar solves structural violence.
Priaulx 5
Mike Priaulx, Science and Technology studies at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, Solar Cells and Nanotechnology, http://www.tahan.com/charlie/nanosociety/course201/nanos/MP.pdf-http://www.tahan.com/charlie/nanosociety/course201/nanos/MP.pdf, 2005
Another potential feature of these solar cells is that the nanorods could be ’tuned’
AND
improve the standard of living for millions, possibly even  billions of people%21

Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
Ontology focus fail and paralyze politics.
Owen 2
(David, Reader of Political Theory at the Univ. of Southampton, Millennium, 31(3), p. 655-7, JT)
Commenting on the ’philosophical turn’ in IR, Wæver remarks that ’~a~
AND
the first and second dangers, and so a potentially vicious circle arises.
Death is the ultimate form of ontological destruction
Paterson 3
Craig (Department of Philosophy, Providence College, Rhode Island) "A Life Not Worth Living?",Studies in Christian Ethics, http://sce.sagepub.com
Contrary to those accounts, I would argue that it is death per se that
AND
irrationally destroy the person, the very source and condition of all human possibility

Consumption key to Type 1 globalism—alt disrupts the transition.
Shermer 8
(Towards a Type I Civilization, LA Times, Michael, adjunct professor in the School of Politics and Economics at Claremont Graduate University, http://articles.latimes.com/2008/jul/22/opinion/oe-shermer22-http://articles.latimes.com/2008/jul/22/opinion/oe-shermer22)
Michael Shermer | Michael Shermer is an adjunct professor in the School of Politics and
AND
1 status tick inexorably upward. That is change we can believe in.

Type I civilization will unite the planet, solving all war, resource disparity, and climate problems.
Kaku 98 
(Michio, professor of theoretical physics at the City College of the City University of New York, Ph.D from Berkeley, Visions: How Science Will Revolutionize the 21st Century, New York: Ancor Books, 1998, 325)
By the time a civilization has reached Type I status, it has achieved a
AND
its peoples. This is what it means to be a planetary civilization.

Omega Point – the alt disrupts cybernetic colonization of the universe
Tipler 94 
~Frank J., Professor of Mathematical Physics at Tulane University, The Physics of Immortality: Modern Cosmology, God and the Resurrection of the Dead, New York: Doubleday, 1994, 85-6~
Needless to say, this is nonsense. Any thought can be expressed equally in
AND
In which case a God-the Omega Point-will save us.

This will create the omega point which will intercept the light rays of everyone who’s ever lived and enable eternal life for everyone
Tipler 94 
~Frank J., Professor of Mathematical Physics at Tulane University, The Physics of Immortality: Modern Cosmology, God and the Resurrection of the Dead, New York: Doubleday, 1994, 157-8~
But all timelike and lightlike curves converge upon the Omega Point. In particular,
AND
neither space nor time nor matter, but is beyond all of these).
The singularity will render energy an information technology and it will become fantastically abundant
Kurzweil, 5’ (Ray, Author, Entrepreneur, Futurist, The Singularity is Near: When Humans Transcend Biology, page 243)
We produce about 14 trillion (about 10’-’) watts of power today
AND
—production, storage, transmission, and utilization—by the 2020s.
Perm do both – Alt alone fails – ’letting be’ and waiting for metaphysical transformation dooms us to extinction
Santoni 85 (Ronald E., Professor of Philosophy – Denison, Nuclear War, Ed. Fox and Groarke, p. 156-157)
To be sure, Fox sees the need for our undergoing "certain fundamental changes
AND
early accomplice to the most horrendous crime against life imaginable – its annihilation.  

Valuing nature as standing reserve of natural resources for human benefit is essential to the survival of all species
Younkins 4 (Professor of Business Administration, Wheeling Jesuit (Edward, The Flawed Doctrine of Nature’s Intrinsic Value, Quebecois Libre 147, http://www.quebecoislibre.org/04/041015-17.htm, gender modified, AG)

Environmentalists erroneously assign human values and concern to an amoral material sphere. When environmentalists
AND
negation of human values and betrays an underlying nihilism of the environmental movement.
No alt solvency - only they have forgotten Being by forgetting its existence in science and technology
Latour  91 ~Bruno Latour teaches sociology at the E´ cole des Mines in Paris We have never been modern, p. 65-67 GAL~ x

But immediately the philosopher loses this well-intentioned simplicity. Why? Ironically,
AND
Heraclitus is a surer guide than Heidegger: ’Einai gar kai entautha theous?

The alt is violent, causes passivity, and makes exploitation worse
Graham ’99
(Phil, Graduate School of Management, University of Queensland, Heidegger’s Hippies: A dissenting voice on the "problem of the subject" in cyberspace, Identities in Action%21 1999, http://www.philgraham.net/HH_conf.pdf-http://www.philgraham.net/HH_conf.pdf)

Societies should get worried when Wagner’s music becomes popular because it usually means that distorted
AND
which "subjective death" and ontology are the least of all worries.

Empirically no link between enframing and war
Kaufman, Prof Poli Sci and IR – U Delaware, ’9
(Stuart J, "Narratives and Symbols in Violent Mobilization: The Palestinian-Israeli Case," Security Studies 18:3, 400 – 434) 

Even when hostile narratives, group fears, and opportunity are strongly present, war
AND
and opportunity spur hostile attitudes, chauvinist mobilization, and a security dilemma.

Tech thought is inevitable
Kateb, professor of politics – Princeton, ’97
(George, http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m2267/is_/ai_19952031)

But the question arises as to where a genuine principle of limitation on technological endeavor
AND
least, are not to be cut loose from the highest human aspiration.

Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
Policies matter—-effective energy choices depend on technical political engagement
Hodson 10
Derek, professor of education – Ontario Institute for Studies @ University of Toronto, "Science Education as a Call to Action," Canadian Journal of Science, Mathematics and Technology Education, Vol. 10, Issue 3, p. 197-206
note: SSI = socioscientific issues
The final (fourth) level of sophistication in this issues-based approach is
AND
justice are kept in the forefront of discussion during the establishment of policy.
Method should not be considered a pre-requisite.  Evaluate the desirability of the plan versus the alternative, not competing theoretical systems.
Elliot 7 (Kevin, Philosophy @ South Carolina "Norton’s Conception of Sustainability: Political, Not Metaphysical" Environmental Ethics 29 p. 17-20)

A second reason for Norton to adopt a political conception of sustainability is that it
AND
done by philosophers who explore the foundations and ramifications of these comprehensive systems.
Preventing death is the first ethical priority —- it’s the only impact you can’t recover from.
Bauman 95
Zygmunt Bauman, University of Leeds Professor Emeritus of Sociology, 1995, Life In Fragments: Essays In Postmodern Morality, p. 66-71
The being for is like living towards the future: a being
AND
acting morally, and sometimes even of being good, in the present.
Permutation do both
Tech optimism based on empirical research is good—-prefer specific experts
Krier 85
James E., Professor of Law at the University of Michigan, "The Un-Easy Case for Technological Optimism," Michigan Law Review, Vol. 84, No. 3; December 1985, pp. 405-429
A technological optimist is not simply a person with unqualified enthusiasm about technological promise.
AND
This is the precise meaning of technological optimism as a term of art.
Consumption key to Type 1 globalism—alt disrupts the transition.
Shermer 8
(Towards a Type I Civilization, LA Times, Michael, adjunct professor in the School of Politics and Economics at Claremont Graduate University, http://articles.latimes.com/2008/jul/22/opinion/oe-shermer22-http://articles.latimes.com/2008/jul/22/opinion/oe-shermer22)
Michael Shermer | Michael Shermer is an adjunct professor in the School of Politics and
AND
1 status tick inexorably upward. That is change we can believe in.

Type I civilization will unite the planet, solving all war, resource disparity, and climate problems.
Kaku 98 
(Michio, professor of theoretical physics at the City College of the City University of New York, Ph.D from Berkeley, Visions: How Science Will Revolutionize the 21st Century, New York: Ancor Books, 1998, 325)
By the time a civilization has reached Type I status, it has achieved a
AND
its peoples. This is what it means to be a planetary civilization.

The singularity will render energy an information technology and it will become fantastically abundant
Kurzweil 5
(Ray, Author, Entrepreneur, Futurist, The Singularity is Near: When Humans Transcend Biology, page 243)
We produce about 14 trillion (about 10’-’) watts of power today
AND
—production, storage, transmission, and utilization—by the 2020s.

Omega Point – the alt disrupts cybernetic colonization of the universe
Tipler 94 
~Frank J., Professor of Mathematical Physics at Tulane University, The Physics of Immortality: Modern Cosmology, God and the Resurrection of the Dead, New York: Doubleday, 1994, 85-6~
Needless to say, this is nonsense. Any thought can be expressed equally in
AND
In which case a God-the Omega Point-will save us.

This will create the omega point which will intercept the light rays of everyone who’s ever lived and enable eternal life for everyone
Tipler 94 
~Frank J., Professor of Mathematical Physics at Tulane University, The Physics of Immortality: Modern Cosmology, God and the Resurrection of the Dead, New York: Doubleday, 1994, 157-8~
But all timelike and lightlike curves converge upon the Omega Point. In particular,
AND
neither space nor time nor matter, but is beyond all of these).
Value to life is subjective —- life is a prerequisite
Lisa Schwartz, Chair at the Centre for Health Economics and Policy Analysis, 2002
"Medical Ethic: A Case Based Approach" Chapter 6, www.fleshandbones.com/readingroom/pdf/399.pdf
The second assertion made by supporters of the quality of life as a criterion for
AND
imperative that we must treat persons as rational and as ends in themselves.
Alt cedes the political—extinction.
 Carl Boggs (Los Angeles Campus Full Time Faculty Professor) 1997 "The Great Retreat"
The decline of the public sphere in late twentieth-century America poses a series
AND
universal, collec- tive interests that had vanished from civil society.75  

Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
Util outweighs ethics impact.
Dan W. Brock, Professor of Philosophy and Biomedical Ethics at Brown University, 1987 ("Truth or Consequences: The Role of Philosophers in Policy-Making," Ethics, Volume 97, July, Available Online via JSTOR, p. 787)
When philosophers become more or less direct participants in the policy-making process and
AND
why did they enter the public domain?  What are they doing there?
Preventing death first.
Bauman 95 Zygmunt Bauman, University of Leeds Professor Emeritus of Sociology, 1995, Life In Fragments: Essays In Postmodern Morality, p. 66-71
The being for is like living towards the future: a being
AND
acting morally, and sometimes even of being good, in the present.
Only the perm can solve. Science and technology must be combined with alternative perspectives in order to overcome environmental problems.
Warren and Cheney 91 ~Karen J., Professor of Philosophy at Macalester College, and Jim, Professor Emeritus at the University of Wisconsin-Waukesha, "Ecological Feminism and Ecosystem Ecology", Hypatia, Vol. 6, No. 1 , Ecological Feminism, Spring, pp. 179-197~.
Ecofeminism welcomes appropriate ecological science and technology. Environmental problems demand scientific and technological responses
AND
. What ecological feminism opposes is the practice of one without the other. 

Perm solves – we need both political action and reflection.
Soper 95 ~Kate: Professor in Humanities, Arts and Languages at London Metropolitan University, Feminism and Ecology: Realism and Rhetoric in the Discourses of Nature, Science, Technology, %26 Human Values, Vol. 20, No. 3, Special Issue: Feminist and Constructivist Perspectives on New Technology, Summer, pp. 3 1 1 -33 1~.
I here consider a spectrum of feminist and ecological arguments with a view to revealing
AND
appear evasive of ecological realities and irrelevant to the task of addressing them.
Ecofeminists association of women with nature reinforces patriarchy—this destroys the alternative’s potential.
Biehl 91 ~Janet, Social ecology activist and the author of Rethinking Eco-feminist Politics. "Rethinking Ecofeminist Politics," p. 15-6.~
Despite ecofeminism’s allegedly "revolutionary" potential, some feminists (who are not ecofeminists
AND
contributing to untold misery in the lives of countless women in Western culture. 

Political action is a key part of ecofeminism
Spretnak 89 ~Charles Toward an Ecofeminist Spirituality:Healing the Wounds: The Promise
AND
approach to address ecological concerns in ways that "my mother could understand."
Not the root cause of war and violence – single issue focus create epistemological blind spots that prevent solving the worst forms of violence
Brian Martin, Professor of Science, Technology and Society at the University of Wollongong, 1990 (http://www.uow.edu.au/arts/sts/bmartin/pubs/90uw/uw13.html)
In this chapter and in the six preceding chapters I have examined a number of
AND
the roots of war and developing strategies for grassroots movements to uproot them.
Gender orientations toward war and foreign policy are too complex in order to blame violence on masculine/feminine divides.
Kate Soper, pub. date: Summer 1995, Prof. of gendered philosophy @ the Univ. of  North London, Science, Technology, %26 Human Values, Vol. 20 No. 3, "Feminism and Ecology: Realism and Rhetoric in the Discourses of Nature," accessed: 10-14-09, JSTOR
The gender basis of orientations toward war and foreign policy are more complex than many
AND
been part of stereotype and that have recently reemerged in some feminist theory.
Thousands of years of history prove that men are not more biologically hard-wired than women to press the button.
Asa Baber, pub. date: 1-1-87, Baber was a professor of English @ the Univ. of Hawaii, went on to Princeton Univ. where he joined the U.S. Marine Corps Platoon Leader Corps achieving the rank of Captain "Nuclear feminism, hormonal history.; sex roles and attitudes toward war," accessed: 10-14-09, Lexis Nexis
What is it about their most primitive feelings that makes these men enjoy killing Women
AND
and estrogen that has promoted peace?    Helen, ye hardly know me.

Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
Prior questions fail and paralyze politics.
Owen 2
(David, Reader of Political Theory at the Univ. of Southampton, Millennium, 31(3), p. 655-7, JT)
Commenting on the ’philosophical turn’ in IR, Wæver remarks that ’a
AND
the first and second dangers, and so a potentially vicious circle arises.
Reps doesn’t cause war
Reiter 95
DAN REITER is a Professor of Political Science at Emory University and has been an Olin post-doctoral fellow in security studies at Harvard "Exploring the Powder Keg Myth" International Security v20 No2 Autumn 1995 pp 5-34 JSTOR
A criticism of assessing the frequency of preemptive wars by looking only at wars themselves
AND
cancer, this is not demonstrated by the results of such a test.
Predictions for nano is crucial for preparation.
Cascio 8
Jamais Cascio, Director of Impacts Analysis, is a writer, blogger and futurist covering the intersection of emerging technologies and cultural transformation. He speaks about future scenarios around the world and his essays about technology and society have appeared in a variety of print and online publications. In addition to his position with CRN, Jamais is a Senior Fellow at the Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies as well as a research affiliate at the Institute for the Future. In 2003, Jamais co-founded WorldChanging.com, a Web site dedicated to finding and calling attention to models, tools, and ideas for building a ’bright green’ future. Jamais authored nearly 2,000 articles during his time at WorldChanging, looking at topics such as energy and the environment, global development, open-source technologies, and catalysts for social change, Restating CRN’s Purpose, http://www.crnano.org/essays07.htm~~%2312, December 2007
How soon could molecular manufacturing (MM) arrive? It’s an important question,
AND
tomorrow," figuratively speaking — we’ll be very glad we started preparing early.

Perm solves best.
Murry 97 (Alastair J.H., Professor of Politics at the University of Wales, Reconstructing Realism: Between Power Politics and Cosmopolitan Ethics, p. 193-196)

For realism, man remains, in the final analysis, limited by himself.  
AND
whatever measure of security is possible under contemporary conditions must first be ensured.

The state will co-opt the alternative and make things worse.
McCormack 10 (Tara, Lecturer in International Politics at the University of Leicester and has a PhD in International Relations from the University of Westminster, Critique, Security and Power: The political limits to emancipatory approaches, page 137-138)

In chapter 7 I engaged with the human security framework and some of the problematic
AND
Values must be joined with engagement with the material circumstances of the time. 

No impact – threat construction isn’t sufficient to cause wars
Kaufman, Prof Poli Sci and IR – U Delaware, ’9
(Stuart J, "Narratives and Symbols in Violent Mobilization: The Palestinian-Israeli Case," Security Studies 18:3, 400 – 434) 

Even when hostile narratives, group fears, and opportunity are strongly present, war
AND
and opportunity spur hostile attitudes, chauvinist mobilization, and a security dilemma.
Turn - Moving away from security creates new challengers and increases the risk of war
Doran, 99  (Charles, Professor of International Relations at Johns Hopkins University’s School of Advanced International Studies, Survival, 1999, Summer, p. 148-9, proquest)

The conclusion, then, is that the probability of major war declines for some
AND
contributes to the spiral of uncertainty that leads in the end to war.

Perm – do the entire plan and all parts of the alternative that don’t involve explicit rejection of the plan
Solves best - We should study specific solutions to specific problems – The critique of security consigns us to academic irrelevance and decimates politics
Walt 91 (Stephen, Professor at the University of Chicago, International Studies Quarterly 35)
Yet the opposite tendency may pose an even greater danger.  On the whole,
AND
:73), its theoretical progress and its practical value will inevitably decline.
In short, security studies must steer between the Scylla of political opportunism and the
AND
best served by increased dialogue between different methodological approaches (Downs, 1989).

Alt fails - abandoning security impossible
Kavka ’87 (Gregory S., Prof – UC Irvine, Moral Paradoxes of Nuclear Deterrence, p. 86-87)
The lesson of the kidney case seems to be that one can, at most
AND
be quickly ousted and replaced by a government willing to under take them.