Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge: 

Climate Change Adv. 1AC

Contention One is Runaway Warming:

It’s here – Best science says its human induced and not too late to solve
Hansen, NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies Director, 8-3-12

[James E., "Climate change is here — and worse than we thought," http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/climate-change-is-here--and-worse-than-we-thought/2012/08/03/6ae604c2-dd90-11e1-8e43-4a3c4375504a_story.html]

When I testified before the …

The future is now. And it is hot.

Our study is the most sophisticated – Observational stats is preferable to modeling

Ritz, 8-4-12

[Erica, "‘We Are Wasting Precious Time’: Influential NASA Scientist Urges Government Action on ‘Climate Change’", http://www.theblaze.com/stories/we-are-wasting-precious-time-influential-nasa-scientist-says-government-must-take-action-on-climate-change/]

In a blunt departure from most climate research, … climate change is occurring and that it is harmful.”

ERR AFF – Even if climate models have limitations, overall trends suggest negative feedback won’t offset global warming

Aurelie and Vlad, Lund University, 1-8-2012

[Bachy and Privulescu, "Terrestrial and marine carbon uptake in the future: can we extrapolate today's situation?," http://www.nateko.lu.se/courses/ngen03/projects%202011/Bachy%20Pirvulescu.pdf]

Modeling the carbon cycle is a daring attempt … CO2 at high rate during the 21st century [1].

Unchecked warming results in extinction.

Roberts, Grist Staff Writer, 7-9-12

[David, "Strategies for a Changing Planet: Awareness", http://www.popsci.com/science/article/2012-06/climate-change-here-its-time-get-ready]

There is no longer any question … adapting to climate change. We must do both.

Plan solves - Indian wind power greens the US economy and curbs emissions

Unger, 2010

[Kathleen R., J.D. Candidate, "Change is in the Wind: Self-Determination and Win Power Through Tribal Energy Resource Agreements," Loyola Law School Los Angeles, www.tribesandclimatechange.org/docs/tribes_24.pdf]

On Earth Day 2009, President … advantages of wind power far outweigh those concerns.

Hegemony Adv. 1AC

Contention Two is Hegemony:

U.S. failure to transition from oil dependency to green energy ensures primacy collapse – sparks great power wars and global instability

Klarevas, New York University Center for Global Affairs Professor, 2009

[Louis, "Securing American Primacy While Tackling Climate Change: Toward a National Strategy of Greengemony," http://www.huffingtonpost.com/louis-klarevas/securing-american-primacy_b_393223.html, accessed: 9-2-12]

As national leaders from …promote a national strategy of greengemony.

Leadership collapse causes global nuclear instability

Kagan 2011 (Robert, Senior Associate – Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, “The Price of Power”, The Weekly Standard, 1-24, http://www.weeklystandard.com/articles/price-power_533695.html?nopager=1)

Today the international situation is … under a table and the table will not fall over. 

Primacy has resulted in the lowest level of war in history – social science proves

Owen 2011 (John – professor of politics at the University of Virginia, Don’t Discount Hegemony, p. www.cato-unbound.org/2011/02/11/john-owen/dont-discount-hegemony/)

Andrew Mack and his …material and moral support for liberal democracy remains strong.

Plan solves U.S. foreign fossil fuel dependency

Kronk, Texas Tech University Law School Assistant Professor, 2012

[Elizabeth Ann, "Tribal Energy Resource Agreements: The Unintended "Great Mischief for Indian Energy Development" and the Resulting Need for Reform," digitalcommons.pace.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1705andcontext=pelr]

Today, escaping stories of political …inevitably accompanies the leasing of Tribal resources.21

Plan

Thus the plan:

The United States federal government should establish a transferable production tax credit available to American Indian tribes for wind energy projects.

Solvency 1AC

Contention Three is Solvency:

American Indian tax-free status prohibits tax credit eligibility – establishing a federal tradable production tax credit enables mass capital investment for tribal wind projects which empower indigenous communities and curb U.S. carbon emissions

Shahinian, 2008

[Mark, J.D. University of Michigan, The tax man cometh not: hwo the non-transferability of tax credits harms indian tribes," American indian law review, 32 AM. Indian L. Rev. 267, lexis law, accessed: 8-17-12]

I. Introduction

"The power to tax involves the power to destroy… wind energy an extremely attractive investment.

Tribal wind technology spills-over nationally – reservation lands function as laboratories for market-wide adoption

Sullivan, 2010

[Bethany, J.D. Candidate, University of Arizona James E. Rogers College of Law., "Changing Winds: Reconfiguring the Legal Framework for Renewable-Energy Development in Indian Country," Arizona Law Review, 52 Ariz. L. Rev. 823., Lexis, accessed: 8-14-12]

Additionally, studies indicate that reservation land is … players - such as state governments - can learn. n12

This ensures international engagement and collaboration – Plan generates foreign policy goodwill to spread effective wind technology globally

Fry, University of Colorado Law School J.D., 2008

[Christopher W., "Harvesting the Sky: An Analysis of National and International Wind Power," Colorada Journal of International Environmental Law and Policy, 19 COLO. J. INT'L ENVTL. L. and POL'Y 427, summer 2008, lexis, accessed: 8-14-12]

B. Political Environment

Many factors suggest that the moment …costs of developing traditional hydrocarbon energy production infrastructure. n74

U.S. international engagement garners climate leadership – solves the case

Ban Ki-Moon, Secretary General of the United Nations, 10/25/2009. NY Times, “We Can Do It,” http://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/26/opinion/26iht-edban.html

Every day, the critical December summit in … last week by Senators Kerry and Graham: “Yes, we can.”

Expert consensus concludes wind power effectively curbs emissions – contrary evidence comes from bias hacks

Gross, Centre for Energy Policy and Technology, 1-9-12

[Dr. Robert, Senior Lecturer in Energy and Environmental Policy at Imperial, runs the Technology and Policy Assessment theme of UK Energy Research Centre (UKERC) and has a long standing interest in the costs of energy technologies and in the issue of 'intermittency'.,"Are wind turbines increasing carbon emissions?”, http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/blog/2012/jan/09/wind-turbines-increasing-carbon-emissions, accessed: 8-23-12]

12.54pm: I have received this reaction from Dr Robert Gross, … widely out of step with the scientific consensus.

Federal Action is key – only the plan deals with a comprehensive national program – localized action creates unintended price wars

Hamilton, UConn Law JD Candidate, 2012

[Jessica A., "Finding New Power in the Wind, the Earth, and the Sun: A Survey of the Regulation of Alternative Energy Generated on American Indian Reservations in the United States and First Nation Reserves in Canada," Connecticut Law Review April, 2012 Connecticut Law Review 44 Conn. L. Rev. 1383, Lexis, accessed: 7-27-12]

With the exception of a handful … renewable energy development through federal initiatives.

Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
Runaway Warming:

It’s here – Recent, peer-reviewed, statistical model indicates its human-induced and not too late to act
Hansen, NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies Director, 8-3-12

James E., "Climate change is here — and worse than we thought," http://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/climate-change-is-here~-~-and-worse-than-we-thought/2012/08/03/6ae604c2-dd90-11e1-8e43-4a3c4375504a_story.html

When I testified before the Senate...  The future is now. And it is hot. 

Our science is the most sophisticated – Observational statistics is preferable to climate modeling

Ritz, 8-4-12
Erica, "‘We Are Wasting Precious Time’: Influential NASA Scientist Urges Government Action on ‘Climate Change’", http://www.theblaze.com/stories/we-are-wasting-precious-time-influential-nasa-scientist-says-government-must-take-action-on-climate-change/

In a blunt departure from most climate...change is occurring and that it is harmful.”
ERR AFF – Even if climate models have limitations, overall trends suggest negative feedback won’t offset global warming

Aurelie and Vlad, Lund University, 1-8-2012
Bachy and Privulescu, "Terrestrial and marine carbon uptake in the future: can we extrapolate today's situation?," http://www.nateko.lu.se/courses/ngen03/projects%202011/Bachy%20Pirvulescu.pdf

Modeling the carbon cycle is a daring...high rate during the 21st century 1
Warming causes global war – increases miscalc and negates inherent checks against conflict

Harvey, 11 – (Fiona, environmental correspondent at The Guardian quoting Chris Huhne, UK  Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change, first class degree in philosophy, politics, and economics from Oxford University ,“ Climate change will increase threat of war, Chris Huhne to warn,” 7/6/11, http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/2011/jul/06/climate-change-war-chris-huhne, JPL)
 Climate change will lead to an increased...threats to the security of energy supplies.
Unchecked warming results in extinction.

Roberts, Grist Staff Writer, 7-9-12
David, "Strategies for a Changing Planet: Awareness", http://www.popsci.com/science/article/2012-06/climate-change-here-its-time-get-ready

There is no longer any question...adapting to climate change. We must do both.
Plan solves - Indian wind power would green the US economy and curb GHG emissions

Unger, 2010
Kathleen R., J.D. Candidate, "Change is in the Wind: Self-Determination and Win Power Through Tribal Energy Resource Agreements," Loyola Law School Los Angeles, www.tribesandclimatechange.org/docs/tribes_24.pdf

On Earth Day 2009, President Barack Obama...wind power far outweigh those concerns.

Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
Contention Two is Hegemony:

U.S. failure to transition from oil dependency to green energy ensures primacy collapse – sparks great power wars and global instability

Klarevas, New York University Center for Global Affairs Professor, 2009
Louis, "Securing American Primacy While Tackling Climate Change: Toward a National Strategy of Greengemony," http://www.huffingtonpost.com/louis-klarevas/securing-american-primacy_b_393223.html, accessed: 9-2-12

As national leaders from around the world...promote a national strategy of greengemony.

Leadership collapse causes global nuclear instability

Kagan 2011 (Robert, Senior Associate – Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, “The Price of Power”, The Weekly Standard, 1-24, http://www.weeklystandard.com/articles/price-power_533695.html?nopager=1)

Today the international situation is...table and the table will not fall over.
Primacy has resulted in the lowest level of war in history – best stats prove

Owen 2011 (John – professor of politics at the University of Virginia, Don’t Discount Hegemony, p. www.cato-unbound.org/2011/02/11/john-owen/dont-discount-hegemony/)

Andrew Mack and his colleagues at the...support for liberal democracy remains strong.
Plan weans U.S. off of foreign fossil fuel dependency

Kronk, Texas Tech University Law School Assistant Professor, 2012
Elizabeth Ann, "Tribal Energy Resource Agreements: The Unintended "Great Mischief for Indian Energy Development" and the Resulting Need for Reform," digitalcommons.pace.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1705andcontext=pelr

Today, escaping stories of political acrimony...inevitably accompanies the leasing of Tribal resources.21
thus, the plan

The United States federal government should establish a transferable production tax credit available to American Indian tribes for wind energy projects. 

Contention Three is Solvency:

Tribal tax-free status prevents eligibility for tax credits – only a transferable production tax credit attracts mass corporate investment for wind projects while ensuring tribal ownership – key to curb U.S. carbon emissions

Shahinian, 2008
Mark, J.D. University of Michigan, The tax man cometh not: hwo the non-transferability of tax credits harms indian tribes," American indian law review, 32 AM. Indian L. Rev. 267, lexis law, accessed: 8-17-12

I. Introduction¶ "The power to tax involves the power to destroy...production facility on the reservation.

Tribal wind technology spills-over nationally – allows wind to be perfected
Sullivan, 2010
Bethany, J.D. Candidate, University of Arizona James E. Rogers College of Law., "Changing Winds: Reconfiguring the Legal Framework for Renewable-Energy Development in Indian Country," Arizona Law Review, 52 Ariz. L. Rev. 823., Lexis, accessed: 8-14-12

Additionally, studies indicate that reservation land is...hydrocarbon energy production infrastructure.
U.S. international engagement garners climate leadership – solves global warming

Ban Ki-Moon, Secretary General of the United Nations, 10/25/2009.  NY Times, “We Can Do It,” http://www.nytimes.com/2009/10/26/opinion/26iht-edban.html

Every day, the critical December summit in...Kerry and Graham: “Yes, we can.”
Expert consensus concludes wind power effectively curbs emissions – contrary evidence comes from bias hacks

Gross, Centre for Energy Policy and Technology, 1-9-12
Dr. Robert, Senior Lecturer in Energy and Environmental Policy at Imperial, runs the Technology and Policy Assessment theme of UK Energy Research Centre (UKERC) and has a long standing interest in the costs of energy technologies and in the issue of 'intermittency'.,"Are wind turbines increasing carbon emissions?”, http://www.guardian.co.uk/environment/blog/2012/jan/09/wind-turbines-increasing-carbon-emissions, accessed: 8-23-12

12.54pm: I have received this reaction...step with the scientific consensus.
 Best data concludes AFF on wind power – observational stats – not modeling – proves skeptics wrong – answers all of their warrants¶ Goodall and Lynas, 9-26-12¶ Chris Goodall is a businessman, author and climate change expert. He is the aothor of Ten Technologies to Save the Planet and Mark Lynas is a freelance writer working full-time on climate change, "It's a myth that wind turbines don't reduce carbon emissions," www.guardian.co.uk/environment/blog/2012/sep/26/myth-wind-turbines-carbon-emissions¶ Conclusive figures show that the sceptics ...and the data is very clear.

Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
2AC

Fettweis’ data is wrong

Cooper, American University International Service PhD., 2011
Louis, "A World without Great-power War," International Studies Review (2011) 13, 684-686

The main thrust of Dangerous Times... terms from 2008 to 2009

Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
Fiscal Cliff 2ac

(--) Turn:  Plan has broad bipartisan support:

Hendricks and Madrid, 2-1-2011
Bracken , Senior Fellow and Jorge, research associate for the energy policy team at the center for american progress,  http://grist.org/article/2011-01-31-obama-gop-should-cut-red-tape-blocking-tribes-green-energy/, accessed: 8-14-12
President Obama’s second State of...activate the economic potential of tribal lands.

No impact to the fiscal cliff and world economic events will swamp it:

Christine Benz, 9/23/2012 (staff writer, “Who's Getting Conservative in Advance of the Fiscal Cliff?” http://finance.yahoo.com/news/whos-getting-conservative-advance-fiscal-110000383.html, Accessed 10/12/2012, rwg)
'The Fiscal Cliff Is More Like a Fiscal .... swamped by worldwide economic events."
Non-Unique:  Obama and GOP won’t compromise on fiscal cliff—inside statements prove

Sean Tucker, 11/7/2012 What Obama's Win Means for Sequestration, http://govwin.com/seantucker_blog/what-obamas-win-means-for/734623
In the second presidential debate...consider such a move.
Turn:  Kerry

A)   Kerry supports the plan:
Tom Gray, 2/29/2012 (staff writer, “Kerry, Brown win praise for bipartisan support of PTC extension,” http://www.awea.org/blog/index.cfm?customel_dataPageID_1699=14510, Accessed 10/13/2012, rwg)

U.S. Sens. John Kerry (D-Mass.) and...energy Production Tax Credit

B) Kerry is key to the agenda:

Brendan Smialowski, 11/25/2009 (staff writer, “After a Humbling Spiral, Kerry Returns to Form,” http://www.nytimes.com/2009/11/25 /us/politics/25kerry.html?_r=1%26ref=johnkerry, Accessed 10/13/2012, rwg)
Mr. Kerry’s long, lined face...
Obama 14 times since he took office, according to the senator’s office.)
No impact in the short-run—minor compromise solves: Chait 11/2/12 (Jonathan; “There Is No Fiscal Cliff” http://nymag.com/daily/intel/2012/11/there-is-no-fiscal-cliff.html)
That is not how it works at all ... you don’t need to be scared.
Capital not key to passage:

Ezra Klein, 3/19/2012 (staff writer, “Who listens to a President?” http://www.newyorker.com/reporting/2012/03/19/120319fa_fact_klein, Accessed 10/12/2012, rwg)

This, Edwards says, is the reality facing...And you can’t solve that with a speech
Treasury secretary will handle the negotiations—not Obama:

Ezra Klein, 10/1/2012 (staff writer, “Wonkbook: The payroll tax cut looks done for,” http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/ezra-klein/wp/2012/10/01/wonkbook-the-payroll-tax-cut-looks-done-for/, Accessed 10/13/2012, rwg)

Obama is looking to line...Paletta in The Wall Street Journal.

Turn:  Winners win—

Robert Creamer, 12/23/2011 (“Why GOP Collapse on the Payroll Tax Could be a Turning Point Moment,”  http://www.huffingtonpost.com/robert-creamer/why-gop-collapse-on-the-p_b_1167491.html)
2). Strength and victory are... when you have them on the run - that's the time to chase them.
Obama wont spend PC on the plan

James Rainey, 9/25/2012 (staff writer, “Would President Obama try stimulus spending again?” http://www.latimes.com/news/politics/la-pn-obama-stimulus-20120924,0,169153.story, Accessed 10/13/2012, rwg)

Many economists on the...raised only fleetingly in Washington.

Treasury Department will delay hitting the ceiling

Potorff, 10-22-2012 (Rich Pottorff, Doane chief economist and Washington analyst, D.C. Watch: “Fiscal cliff threat to dominate lame-duck session,” http://www.cattlenetwork.com/cattle-news/latest/DC-Watch-Fiscal-cliff-to-dominate-lame-duck-session-175271241.html)
Officials now expect the U.S....session that begins in January.

Obama won’t push:

Bloomberg, 10-28-2012  (James Rowley, Congress may thwart Obama's vow to avoid fiscal cliff, http://www.post-gazette.com/stories/news/us/congress-may-thwart-obamas-vow-to-avoid-fiscal-cliff-659478/#ixzz2Ax9uehEK
The automatic cuts in defense and nondefense...sides who want to get that done and will get that done."

Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
2AC AT: REM DA

1. No link – REM substitutes for wind turbines exist now

James, American Progress Energy and Environmental Policy Special Assistant, 10-20-12
Adam, "Can Rare Earth Replacements Spur A Supply Chain Revolution?," theenergycollective.com/adamjames/132006/can-rare-earth-replacements-spur-supply-chain-revolution

Why does this matter?...groundwork for the clean energy economy.

2. No shortage – there’s seven times the neodymium needed to solve

Jacobson, Stanford Atmosphere/Energy Program and Salerno, AWEA Industry Data and Analysis Director, 9-14-12
Mark, Civil and Environmental Engineering Professor, and Elizabeth, “Wind Power Plentiful, Study Says,” NPR, www.npr.org/2012/09/14/161156783/wind-power-plentiful-study-says

A lot of interesting tweets coming ...
o get to 20 percent by 2030.
4. No link – Market solves Chinese monopoly – leads to other suppliers and innovation

Scissors, Heritage Foundation Asian Studies Center Research Fellow, 12-7-2011
Derek, "Energy-Critical Elements: The Market is Working" Testimony before energy and environment subcommittee, science, space and technology committee United States House,  https://science.house.gov/sites/republicans.science.house.gov/files/documents/hearings/120711_Scissors.pdf

When Beijing stopped undercutting...will again arise as substitutes.
 New wind turbine designs don’t require REM’s
Jonathan Benson September 22, 2011 staff writer “Advanced wind turbine design eliminates need for environmentally-harmful rare earth metals, generates electricity at $0.04 per kWh”
http://www.naturalnews.com/033647_wind_turbines_rare_earth_metals.html#ixzz2Bp0AH8aH
According to a recent report by Green Tech Media...energy technologies is essentially a given.

Tournament: Wake | Round: 1 | Opponent:  | Judge: 

Any impact will be gradual and phased in:

Robert Reich, 10/12/2012 (Secretary of Labor in the Clinton administration, “How the fiscal cliff turns into a gentle 'fiscal hill',”http:~/~/www.csmonitor.com/Business/Robert-Reich/2012/1012/com/Business/Robert-Reich/2012/1012/How-the-fiscal-cliff-turns-into-a-gentle-fiscal-hill||style="color: rgb(17, 85, 204);" target="_blank", Accessed 10/13/2012, rwg)

But because everyone will...  deficit that’s surprisingly sensible. 

And political capital uniquely won’t be key in the lame duck—Obama will have no leverage after re-election:

Eleanor Clift, 9/30/2012 (staff writer, “If Obama Wins, What Changes for His Second Term?”  http:~/~/www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2012/09/30/html||style="color: rgb(17, 85, 204);" target="_blank", Accessed 10/13/2012, rwg)