Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
Comprehensive immigration reform is a top priority --- Obama will make an aggressive push to get it passed

Volsky, 12/30 (Igor, 12/30/2012, “Obama To Introduce Immigration Reform Bill In 2013,” http://thinkprogress.org/justice/2012/12/30/1379841/obama-to-introduce-immigration-reform-bill-in-2013/)

President … broad bill. 

Expanding solar power burns Obama’s political capital

NGI, 11/19 (Natural Gas Intelligence, 11/19/2012, “Obama Re-Election Puts Target on Energy, Say Execs,” Factiva) Barry Worthington is the USEA Executive Director

President …could happen."

Obama’s capital and bipartisan cooperation are key to effective reform

DMN, 1/2 (Dallas Morning News, “Editorial: Actions must match Obama’s immigration pledge,” 1/2/2013, http://www.dallasnews.com/opinion/editorials/20130102-editorial-actions-must-match-obamas-immigration-pledge.ece)

President Barack …. Nothing but action will count.
Reform is key to U.S. competitiveness

Bush et al 09 – co-chairmen and director of a Council on Foreign Relations-sponsored Independent Task Force on U.S. Immigration Policy (7/21/09, Former Florida Gov. Jeb Bush and former White House Chief of Staff Thomas F. McLarty and Edward Alden, “Nation needs comprehensive, flexible immigration reform,” http://www.ajc.com/opinion/nation-needs-comprehensive-flexible-97393.html)

Our immigration …. and citizenship. 

Hegemonic decline causes great power wars – 1930’s prove                                                                                                                                         

Zhang and Shi, Researcher @ The Carnegie Endowment, ’11
Yuhan Zhang, Researcher at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Lin Shi, Columbia University, Independent consultant for the Eurasia Group, Consultant for the World Bank, “America’s decline: A harbinger of conflict and rivalry,” January 22nd 2011, http://www.eastasiaforum.org/2011/01/22/americas-decline-a-harbinger-of-conflict-and-rivalry/ 

Over the past ..US primacy.

Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
Energy production is inseparable from capitalist growth—quick tech fixes to scarcity are temporary at best and exclude radical historical critique

Clark and York ‘8 Brett Clark, assistant professor of sociology at North Carolina State University, and Richard York, coeditor of Organization and Environment and associate professor of sociology at the University of Oregon, “Rifts and Shifts: Getting to the Root of Environmental Crises,” Monthly Review, Vol. 60, Issue 06, November 2008

The development … ecological rifts.18
Capitalism generates internal contradictions erupting in imperialism, nuclear war, and ecocide

Foster ‘5 John Bellamy Foster, professor of sociology at the University of Oregon, "Naked Imperialism," Monthly Review, Vol. 57 No. 4, 2005

From the longer … continue. 

Vote negative to endorse proactive marxist criticism—the revolution has many forums and we must take advantage of our location in debate to cultivate critical discussion of social and economic inequity—not to evaluate rescue operations like the plan.

Green et al 2007
Renewing Dialogues in Marxism and Education, Department of Educational Foundations and
Policy Studies, Institute of Education, University of London, pg 11-12, dcr

Let us note … his legacy. 

Criticism and discussion are key—capitalism is inherently unsustainable and will collapse violently, our method is the only chance to find a viable replacement.

Graeber 2009
Associate Professor of Anthropology at Yale University, 09 (David, Adbusters Magazine March/April 2009)

We have reached … capitalist system down.  

Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
Text: The United States Federal Government should fertilize the North Pacific and Southern Oceans with ferrous sulphate.

CP solves CO2

Parry, 7/18/12 – LiveScience senior staff writer (Wynne, July 18, 2012, “Could Fertilizing the Oceans Reduce Global Warming?,” http://www.livescience.com/21684-geoengineering-iron-fertilization-climate.html, Hensel)

Some …3,280 feet (1,000 m).

Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
Financial incentives must be targeted at energy generation 

O’Brien, Minister of State, Department for Energy and Climate Change, UK Parliament, 11/18/’8
(Mike, “Clause 20 — Terms and conditions,” http://www.theyworkforyou.com/debate/?id=2008-11-18b.159.3)

I have …-in tariff scheme.

RandD isn’t tied to energy production—plan is an indirect incentive

EIA, Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, U.S. DOE, ‘92
(“Federal Energy Subsidies: Direct and Indirect Interventions in Energy Markets,” ftp://tonto.eia.doe.gov/service/emeu9202.pdf)

Research ..indirect subsidy.

Vote Neg—tons of bidirectional mechanisms impact energy tech in ways that could increase production—only direct financial disbursements for increased production create a predictable and manageable topic

EIA, Energy Information Administration, Office of Energy Markets and End Use, U.S. DOE, ‘92
(“Federal Energy Subsidies: Direct and Indirect Interventions in Energy Markets,” ftp://tonto.eia.doe.gov/service/emeu9202.pdf)

In some .. development.

Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
CP Text: The President of the United States will: substantially increase incentives for the production of nuclear energy in the United States by decommissioning an additional 45 metric tons of weapons grade plutonium for conversion in mixed-oxide fuel. 

Net-beneficial -- Executive orders bypass Congressional opposition to the plan – avoids politics 

Ostrow ‘87 (Steve, George Wash LR, March, Lexis)  *659  In this era of the "Imperial Presidency," 1 

executive … by executive order." 5 

Solves the case – 

Presidents can utilize executive orders to control the bureaucratic budgets and procedures 

Waterman ’09 (Richard – prof of political science at University of Kentucky – author of The Changing American Presidency, “The Administrative Presidency, Unilateral Power, and the Unitary Executive Theory” Presidential Studies Quarterly, Vol. 39, Issue 1, pages 5-9, Jan. 14, 2009)

Presidents .. bureaucracy. 

Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge: 

CP Text: I recommendinsert plan text here

Solves the case 

 “Should” and “I recommend” is functionally the same thing-the only difference is its claim on moral truth-use of the world “should” invokes universal ethical claims this 

A. turns case-forcing choices with this manner results in moral realism B. Guts solvency and turns case-Forcing meta level choices causes policy inaction and a failure to change the mindset of society. 

Greene, 02 (Joshua David Greene, currently an Assistant Professor of Psychology at Harvard University. “THE TERRIBLE, HORRIBLE, NO GOOD, VERY BAD TRUTH ABOUT MORALITY AND WHAT TO DO ABOUT IT.” Dissertation presented to Princeton University in candidacy for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. November 2002. http://www.wjh.harvard.edu/~jgreene/GreeneWJH/Greene-Dissertation.pdf) 

Given that moral realism is false…. … to play along. 

The affirmatives approach to language and morals is counter productive and causes large conflicts-only the counter plan can solve the affirmative. 

Greene, 02 (Joshua David Greene, currently an Assistant Professor of Psychology at Harvard University. “THE TERRIBLE, HORRIBLE, NO GOOD, VERY BAD TRUTH ABOUT MORALITY AND WHAT TO DO ABOUT IT.” Dissertation presented to Princeton University in candidacy for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. November 2002. http://www.wjh.harvard.edu/~jgreene/GreeneWJH/Greene-Dissertation.pdf) 

In this essay …problems.