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McCullough-Quinn Aff
Last modified by Lindsey Murray on 2013/03/31 10:28
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| 09/22/2012 | SMR Warming 1ACTournament: UMKC | Round: 2 | Opponent: Trinity BG | Judge: Kearney Contention One: the Heat is On Global Warming is happening – most recent and best evidence concludes that it is human induced CALL me a converted skeptic. Three years ago … measured from atmospheric samples and air trapped in polar ice. CO2 is the primary driver of climate change – outweighs all alt causes Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions account for … the combustion of fossil fuels. The rate of climate change prevents adaptation If we won't adapt to the realities …causes -- and it is accelerating. Even if adaptation was possible – non-linear impacts disrupt the process This latter aspect, the rate of change, is a critical … and internally displaced persons.4 Positive feedbacks ensure runaway warming, causes extinction The possibility of abrupt climate change … a large fraction of species on the planet. We need to act within the decade to prevent runaway global warming The world is on the verge of hitting … – there are no real solutions left to offer. Contention Two: Extinction Scenario A is Agriculture Scenario B is Biodiversity Warming collapses it Ecologists are developing a better understanding … predictive approaches and to go beyond predictions. Extinction Currently, more than 10,000 species become … this time of rapid environmental erosion. Not all carbon emissions find their way into … We're not too far away from that."¶ If you think of the earth’s surface as a great beaker…by more than half, after inflation, since 1979. And, it independently kills plankton Plankton is a blanket term for many species …the entire ocean system will be threatened. Extinction – oxygen depletion and food chains Increased carbon levels in ocean water … Bishop. "We would lose everything," he told UPI. Scenario D is Disease There may be more to fear from global warming … climate change on dengue transmission in Colombia. Emerging diseases cause extinction Then came AIDS…and Ebola and Lassa ….planet is the virus” (A Dancing Matrix, by Robin Marantz Hening. Text: The United States federal government should offer purchase power agreements to companies that generate electricity from Small Modular Reactors. 6.2 GOVERNMENT SPONSORSHIP OF MARKET TRANSFORMATION INCENTIVES Similar …. challenges and provide critical initial markets for SMR plants. Nuclear power is critical to reducing emissions and preventing catastrophic global warming Concern with avoiding the adverse consequences … would constitute a material contribution to climate change risk mitigation. SMRs are uniquely key – they are easy to build, can’t melt down, reduce waste, and US leadership ensures global emissions reductions The most worrying threat to the future of nuclear … nuclear technologies we will need to get that job done. US action on emissions reductions is necessary to spur global reductions SMRs are critical to reduced risk premiums – key to investment in commercial nuclear power According to a recent study issued by the Texas Institute, …. requirements are comparable – SMRs could potentially “fit the bill.” Contention Four: Warming Outweighs Err aff on probability – risks of major war are almost ZERO The obsolescence-of-major-war argument is familiar …. perhaps scholars should ask why anyone should believe that it could not. The argument that nuclear weapons can be agents of …and leaders in each country did what they had to do to avoid it. One special form of miscalculation appeared sporadically …misinterpretation of its conventionally armed launch. Intervening actions check escalation—even if miscalculation occurs, long timeframe allows negotiation The second point has to do with how much risk …. minor provocations from leading directly to general war. Nuclear war doesn’t cause extinction Nuclear proliferation should no longer … This latter reality will most probably contain fewer nuclear-possessing states than the former. Most recent evidence and better models prove- their science is bad Alan Robock's contention that there has been no … small as to call the very term 'nuclear winter' into question. Counterforce targeting checks To begin to approach a condition that can credibly …, would perish during the first month. | |
| 11/11/2012 | 1AC Round 7 WakeTournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: Text: The United States federal government should offer purchase power agreements to companies that generate electricity from Small Modular Reactors. Solvency Federal purchase agreements are key to create a market for SMRs and spur private investment 6.2 GOVERNMENT SPONSORSHIP OF MARKET … critical initial markets for SMR plants. SMRs are critical to reduced risk premiums – key to investment in commercial nuclear power According to a recent study issued by … could potentially “fit the bill.” Natural Gas Unbalanced dependence on natural gas will compromise energy security and economic growth – increased development of nuclear energy is key FORTUNE -- The United States needs an "all … sustainable portfolio of energy resources. CHAPEL HILL -- Efforts to promote energy …considered for use in the United States. Natural-gas operations in areas such as … changes by regulating emissions from the gas fields. The new administration in Washington, DC, … those dependent on the monsoons. For Mr. Fanning, this is common … thwart creative destruction as well. Today, economic and fiscal trends pose … aggressive moves in their regions. Thanks to the cycle of progress, humanity, … cannot expand current limits to growth. Renewable energy technologies diversify our …about 2000, may be gone.” Warning against the use of "all gas, … gets done in the next presidential term." It is understandable that we would … but indispensable' presence in our lives. Japan Nuclear Energy¶ The tragedies of March 11, 2011, …safe reactors and nuclear services. The Nuclear Power Inflection Point¶ Alliance … in the¶ perception of power for both countries. Introduction¶ This report on the U.S.-Japan alliance … in¶ the Asia-Pacific region and beyond. Few if any experts think China and Taiwan… international nonproliferation regime. The international community is increasingly aware that … materials could similarly be intercepted. US leadership on safe reactor designs key to the alliance and Japanese energy security Washington — The United States and Japan, …reactor designs and sound regulatory practices,” McNally said. SMR’s are key – overcomes local opposition and provides safe, reliable energy TOKYO—The Japanese government's minister …reactor-replacement demand around 2030.¶ SMR’s correct the risks of Japanese designs – ensures adoption Nonetheless, despite the current negative … would have a reversal of fortune once more. US nuclear leadership is key to safe Japanese nuclear development and revitalizing the alliance For its part, the United States needs to remove … research and development is essential. Japanese energy security key to prevent competition and war with China – specifically, the East China Sea China’s Rising Energy Demands¶ As the United States … the overall¶ trajectory of the alliance. The East China Sea may be the most strategic … forces that are forward stationed in Asia. The depth of Chinese nationalist sentiment towards … this depends heavily on circumstances. | |
| 03/29/2013 | NDT Round 3- A2 Virilio KTournament: NDT | Round: Round 3 | Opponent: Wayne LM | Judge: Swanlek, Struth, Jordan 2ACNo impact to nuclear technocracy and it’s key to solveTed Nordhaus 11, chairman – Breakthrough Instiute, and Michael Shellenberger, president – Breakthrough Institute, MA cultural anthropology – University of California, Santa Cruz, 2-25, http://thebreakthrough.org/archive/the_long_death_of_environmenta) Tenth, we are going to have to get over our suspicion of technology, AND simpler, more bucolic past in which humans lived in harmony with Nature. Perm do the plan and adopt the resistance of the break – no reason why speed is intrinsic to the 1AC – seems like the debate we are having solves their deliberation argumentsAnti-nuclear opposition is responsible for the spread of coal; their alternative simply re-affirms the structural forces that make structural violence possible in the form of coal pollutionKing 9 - Host and Executive Producer of “White House Chronicle” — a news and public affairs program airing on PBS After 40 Years, Environmentalists Start To See the Nuclear Light, Llewellyn King, November 25, 2009 – 8:47 pm Although very little happened, Nov. 24 was a red letter day for the AND has cost the environment 40 years when it comes to reducing greenhouse gases. Coal plants perpetuate structural violence – comparatively worse than the planMargonelli, ‘8 Lisa, fellow -- The New America Foundation, 3-20, “Core Arguments,” http://www.newamerica.net/publications/articles/2008/core_arguments_6916 Craven's best argument for nuclear energy is that coal is much worse. Nukes in AND work in a nuclear power plant than in a bank. Who knew?)
Our aff is not nuclear optimism- it’s carefully reasoned tech based on science and checked by pessimistic engineersAdams ‘10 (Technological Realism Should Replace Optimism, Pro-nuclear advocate with small nuclear plant operating and design experience. Former submarine Engineer Officer, http://atomicinsights.com/2010/05/technological-realism-should-replace-optimism.html)
As a “served engineer” on a nuclear powered submarine, I learned a AND blind optimism are both incompatible with performing difficult tasks in potentially dangerous environments.
Technocracy and scientific expertise are good and turn the K – they direct consumers towards most efficient outcomes and eliminate unnecessary productionChai 5 ¶ (Andreas, Evolutionary Economics Unit, Max Planck Institute for Research into Economic Systems, “Menger’s theory of ‘imaginary goods’ and the¶ historical emergence of British medical experts”, http://www.tagung05.uni-bonn.de/Papers/Chai.pdf)
For Menger, all things are subject to the laws of cause and effect ( AND supply and demand (Langlois and Cosgel, 1998;Scitovsky, 1976). Their climate models link arguments make no sense – the 1AC is about using models to generate policy about energy – Modeling is done everyday and nothing about the alt solves thatAnd modeling is effective and trueNOAA 2012 “State of the Climate in 2011”, Special Supplement to the Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, Vol. 93, No. 7, July 2012 The National Research Council (NRC 2004) defines a climate data record (CDR) as a time series of measurements of sufficient length, consistency, and continuity to determine climate variability and change. Satellite CDRs offer unique information that can complement or supplement traditional in situ records. Indeed, the two observation types are necessary companions in that satellite products are usually calibrated, validated, or corroborated with in situ measurements, and in situ data are often put in spatial context using satellite observations. The development of climate-quality satellite records has been neither fast nor easy. The inhospitable environment of space, the complexity of satellite sensors, and the inability to repair hardware in orbit means that sensor performance tends to deteriorate continuously with time. Thus, new satellites— sometimes with improved designs—are regularly launched to carry on the work of ailing instruments. The cumulative result is long-term records composed of multiple sensor-specific segments of data, each with unique idiosyncrasies. To create a valid CDR, experts must scientifically correct, normalize, and stitch together these segments (Fig. SB1.1). More than two decades of community research has produced a wide set of proven techniques for these tasks. Starting in the early 1990s, NOAA and NASA cosponsored the Pathfinder Program to develop precursor CDRs and to advance satellite data management methods (NOAA 2004). This marked the first time that the incongruent data segments from multiple NOAA and DoD operational satellites had been fully recovered, cataloged, cocalibrated, and processed into coherent long-term records. Subsequent funding solicitations further developed the methods. In recent years, several US and foreign agencies have leveraged the Pathfinder lessons to produce modern CDRs. For example, NOAA initiated a Climate Data Record Program (CDRP) in 2009 to develop and sustain CDRs in an operational context (Privette et al. 2009). Here, “operational” is loosely defined as the generation of products on time, all the time, including decision-support systems, modeling, and climatology. Following guidance from the NRC (2004), the CDRP developed its CDR requirements, specifically that they be: scientifically defensible extensible continuously assessed and improved transparent reproducible sustainable preserved accessible The CDRP is currently developing and implementing systems and processes based on these requirements. NOAA is initially focused on CDRs that address Earth’s water and energy cycles to facilitate integrative assessments. Nearly a dozen competitively-selected CDRs—including data sets, algorithms, and documentation—have been developed, are publicly available, and are being sustained operationally. Three of these are in the present State of the Climate supplement, namely sea ice extent, mean layer temperatures, and sea surface temperature. Additional CDRs are in various stages of development. The program is also developing climate information records (CIRs), i.e., CDR-derived products of particular phenomena or regions of interest to society or industry. Detailed information about NOAA’s CDR program and related CDR products are available at: http://www.ncdc. noaa.gov/cdr. As CDR development has matured and interest proliferated, several international organizations have become active in fostering CDR quality, interoperability, and agency coordination. For example, the Global Climate Observing System (GCOS 2011) recently issued guidelines for CDR producers. The Sustained, Coordinated Processing of Environmental Satellite Data for Climate Monitoring (SCOPE-CM; WMO 2009) activity seeks to, among other things, ensure continuity and overlap in the reprocessing of climate-relevant data to support integrated climate analysis and reanalysis. The recently-formed Committee for Earth Observing System (CEOS 2012) Working Group on Climate seeks to facilitate the implementation and exploitation of essential climate variable time series through coordination of CEOS member agencies. After decades of progress in satellite technology and remote sensing science, NOAA and others have instituted programs that reprocess the more than three decades of global satellite data into consistent and accurate time series records that provide new insights into climate change and variability. These records, in concert with traditional in situ measurements, are leading to more precise and comprehensive climate assessments, including those in the State of the Climate supplements. By sustaining these records operationally, producers will also be able to support increasingly sophisticated decision-support systems throughout society. Their rejection of the scientific method results in right wing cooption – the scientific model should be something we embrace – it constantly falsifies itself and is the only way to know if something is true – the Alt allows Rick Perry to say we should pray for rain instead of confronting policies that have made draught inevitable – that’s Pease and BanningTheir uncertainty arguments don’t apply – the 1AC accepts the uncertainty contingent in the status quo but all science points toward the need for action nowNo risk of accidentsRosner and Goldberg, 2011 (Robert, senator of the Helmholtz Association for the AND )
While the focus in this paper is on the business case for SMRs, the AND a detailed examination of these issues is beyond the scope of this paper. Climate securitization is necessary to solveVeldman 12 – doctoral candidate in the Religion and Nature program at the University of Florida (Robin Globus, “Narrating the Environmental Apocalypse”, Volume 17, Number 1, Spring 2012, Ethics and the Environment, online, MCR)
Environmental Apocalypticism and Activism¶ As we saw in the introduction, critics often argue AND practice some form of activism, rather than giving way to fatalistic resignation. Our specific narrative is criticalVeldman 12 – doctoral candidate in the Religion and Nature program at the University of Florida (Robin Globus, “Narrating the Environmental Apocalypse”, Volume 17, Number 1, Spring 2012, Ethics and the Environment, online, MCR)
The Apocalyptic Narrative as a Framework for Moral Deliberation¶ In discussing how apocalypticism functions AND apocalypticism and moral reasoning looks like in practice. End Page 12 No alternative; references to speed, vector, and disappearance reside in a notion of technological systems – no feasible alt solvency, and their links are non-unique.Cooper 2002 (Simon, Technoculture and Critical Theory: In the Service of the Machine? p.130-31) The problem lies in Virilio’s analytical terms such as speed, vectors, and disappearance AND so as to strategically read the globalised media society against its own grain. Technocratic management inevitable – it’s a question of *how* we go about it – our utilization is good.Thrift, Nigel(Prof of geography at Oxford). “PANICSVILLE: PAUL VIRILIO AND THE ESTHETIC OF DISASTER.” Cultural Politics, 2005. Some fear... a loathsome "post-human" future. They predict a AND " technologies can actually stimulate more of the corresponding "real" activity. Breaks impossible – the alt is nothing more than ‘say no’ which has zero effect on ideology.Cooper 2002 (Simon, Technoculture and Critical Theory: In the Service of the Machine? p.129) There is no doubt that Virilio writes at times with a certain apocalyptic fervour. AND , Virilio can do little else than simply say ‘no’ to technology. They’ll say some stuff about rejecting mediation – 1) This isn’t the aff, we’re a confrontation with real environmental and economic conditions, and 2) Their alt doesn’t solve.Cubitt, Sean(Media Studies at John Moore University, Liverpool). “Virilio and New Media.” Theory, Culture Society, 1999. http://tcs.sagepub.com/cgi/reprint/16/5-6/127 accessed august 24 2009.
The spectacular eradication of distance is exactly that: spectacular. And as with a AND a critical moment of their evolution, more is required than philosophical nihilism.
Consumerism is inevitable – changing consumption habits is impossible without institutional pushes for cheap, clean energyStepp, 11/5/2012 (Matthew, Contributor and Senior Policy Analyst of the D.C.-based think tank the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, “Climate Hawks and 'Reverse Tribalism': How Our Policy Choices Are Fueling Climate Inaction”, Forbes, http://www.forbes.com/sites/matthewstepp/2012/11/05/climate-hawks-and-reverse-tribalism-how-are-policy-choices-are-fueling-climate-inaction/)
A self-aware and important discussion has emerged among climate advocates on ‘reverse AND . Climate advocates and environmentalists need to forget about messaging and start innovating.
1ARThere is no single root cause of war—complexity dooms monocausal explanations. Vivienne Jabri, Lecturer in International Relations at the University of Kent, 1996 (“Introduction: Conflict Analysis Reconsidered,” Discourses on Violence: Conflict Analysis Reconsidered, Published by Manchester University Press ND, ISBN 0719039592, p. 3) The study of war has produced a number of often conflicting answers to Quincy Wright's AND attempts to isolate common features leading up to the decision for war.2 Plan solves water concerns – nuclear creates more freshwater and alleviates impact of climate changeNEI, 2012 (Nuclear Energy Institute, “Water Use and Nuclear Power Plants”, November, http://www.nei.org/resourcesandstats/Documentlibrary/Protecting-the-Environment/factsheet/water-use-and-nuclear-power-plants)
Water Quantity Considering cooling technologies for coal, natural gas and nuclear power plants, AND plants are located on the Pacific coast in water-strapped southern California.
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| 03/30/2013 | NDT Round 6 1acTournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: Contention One: the Heat is On Global Warming is happening – most recent and best evidence concludes that it is human induced CALL me a converted skeptic. Three years ago I identified problems in previous climate CO2 is the primary driver of climate change – outweighs all alt causes Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions account for about 60% of the effect from The rate of climate change prevents adaptation If we won't adapt to the realities of having one city below sea level in Even if adaptation was possible – non-linear impacts disrupt the process This latter aspect, the rate of change, is a critical factor in terms 4 degree warming is inevitable with current carbon usage trends – only emissions reductions solve The emission pledges made at the climate conventions in Copenhagen and Cancun, if fully We're not yet committed to surpassing 2°C global warming, but as Watson Contention Two: Extinction Scenario A is Agriculture The overall conclusions of IPCC AR4 concerning food production and agriculture included the following: Scenario B is Biodiversity Ecosystems and their species provide a range of important goods and services for human society Scenario C is Carbon Dioxide The high emission scenarios would also result in very high carbon dioxide concentrations and ocean If you think of the earth’s surface as a great beaker, then it’s filled And, it independently kills plankton Plankton is a blanket term for many species of microorganisms that drift in open water Extinction – oxygen depletion and food chains Increased carbon levels in ocean water could have devastating impacts on marine life, scientists Contention Three: Solvency SMRs are critical to reducing emissions and preventing catastrophic global warming – any alternative fails Nuclear’s inevitable globally but won’t solve warming until the US develops SMR’s Contention Four: Warming Outweighs Err aff on probability – risks of major war are almost ZERO | |
| 03/30/2013 | NDT Round 6 2acTournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: War No nuke winter - studies 'nuclear winter' into question. Makhijani Arjun Makhijani (with Michele Boyd) has recently published a fact sheet on Small 4. No ice age coming First, over the last 400,000 years, there have been four ice 5. No offense – enough CO2 to offset ice age now, adding more is catastrophic. Scheduled shifts in the earth's orbit should plunge the planet into a deep freeze thousands ASPEC Counter-interpretation – use the agent of the resolution Spec is bad – A. Topic education – encourages Agent counterplan and Disad debates that distract from the core of the topic – that moots the point of switching topics and destroys critical thinking and research B. Overspecifying is worse – it allows the Aff to become a moving target and spike out of Disads 3. No resolutional basis – it only requires USFG action, that’s what we’ll defend – anything else is arbitrary Disads solve your impact 4. No ground loss – core links are based on increasing assistance, not the agent of action 5. Cross-x checks – you could’ve asked ( ) We meet “resolved” – we defend an increase, it doesn’t matter what agent does it ( ) Doesn’t take out solvency – fiat guarantees no rollback and our counter-interpretation guarantees all the branches work together T We meet – aff doesn’t procure – it is a contract to purchase electricity – their ev concludes we’re T C/I - Financial incentives require the disbursement of public funds linked to energy production – excludes action with incentive effects In this paper, "financial incentives" are taken to mean disbursements 18 of Prefer it – aff ground – we need answers to cp’s like states – only our interp allows the aff to have core offense against things like the states CP And intent to define – their evidence is outlining incentives in a certain UN project – err aff our interp has an intent to define incentives No ground loss – they get all of their disads No limits explosion – the topic is still manageable Good is good enough – their interp creates a race to the bottom which prevents substantive topic education Coercion At an industry-sponsored forum February 7 in Washington, Michael Shellenberger, president States Perm do both Fifty state fiat is bad- inf regressive and not a real decisionmaking model In the territories, Congress has the entire dominion and sovereignty, national and local A federal commitment is key – congressional oversight removes regulatory delays and is key to an effective global market Industry and government will be prepared to meet the demand for new emission-free Conditionality bad – disincentivizes 2AC strategy because DA’s to CPs take too long and they can just kick it - Consequently, the variability of policy relating to renewable energy serves as a serious impediment Oil It doesn’t have to be this way. But the only way we will overcome The United States imported a daily average of more than 1.45 million barrels of Saudi crude over the first five months of this year, compared with a daily average of roughly 1.15 million barrels over the same period last year, according to Energy Department estimates. Many oil experts say that the increasing dependency is probably going to last only a couple of years, or until more Canadian and Gulf of Mexico production comes on line. No risk of war or relations collapse – practical necessity ensures no escalation Against this backdrop, Russia's invasion of a small neighbor might have seemed to be Politics A bipartisan deal on immigration is at risk of stalling because of a worsening dispute President Barack Obama pressed for swift action on a sweeping immigration bill Wednesday, saying WASHINGTON — President Barack Obama came into office four years ago skeptical of pushing the Rep. Luis Gutierrez, D-Ill., a vocal advocate for immigration reform It's not just wind and solar projects that are waiting for federal help as Congress Both Democrats and Republicans have had a long love affair with commercial nuclear power, The second-term honeymoon for President Obama is beginning to look like it is | |
| 03/30/2013 | NDT Round 6 1arTournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: War Impact D First of all, the hegemonic-stability argument overstates the role that the United Bioterror risk is low—dispersal problems, tech barriers, risk fo back spread—experts agree with medical and civil defense measures. And their impact is very difficult to 1ar – unilat – must reads* President Obama can – and will – take steps on immigration reform in the event It is now commonplace to describe the nation’s immigration system as broken. The presence Hasn’t been involved since January The president made little progress in overhauling the nation's fractured immigration laws in his first | |
| 03/31/2013 | NDT Round 7 1ACTournament: NDT | Round: 7 | Opponent: MSU | Judge: 1ACText: The United States federal government should offer power purchase agreements to companies that generate electricity from small modular reactors in the United States.
Contention One: the Heat is On
Global Warming is happening – most recent and best evidence concludes that it is human inducedMuller 7-28-2012 Richard, professor of physics at the University of California, Berkeley, and a former MacArthur Foundation fellow, “The Conversion of a Climate-Change Skeptic”, http://www.nytimes.com/2012/07/30/opinion/the-conversion-of-a-climate-change-skeptic.html?pagewanted=all
CALL me a converted skeptic. … air trapped in polar ice.
CO2 is the primary driver of climate change – outweighs all alt causesVertessy and Clark 3-13-2012 Rob, Acting Director of Australian Bureau of Meteorology, and Megan, Chief Executive Officer at the Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, “State of the Climate 2012”, http:~/~/theconversation.edu.au/au/state-of-the-climate-2012-5831
Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions account for about 60 of the effect from anthropogenic greenhouse gases on the earth’s energy balance over the past 250 years. These global CO2 emissions are mostly from fossil fuels (more than 85), land use change, mainly associated with tropical deforestation (less than 10), and cement production and other industrial processes (about 4). Australia contributes about 1.3 of the global CO2 emissions. Energy generation continues to climb and is dominated by fossil fuels – suggesting emissions will grow for some time yet. CO2 levels are rising in the atmosphere and ocean. About 50 of the amount of CO2 emitted from fossil fuels, industry, and changes in land-use, stays in the atmosphere. The remainder is taken up by the ocean and land vegetation, in roughly equal parts. The extra carbon dioxide absorbed by the oceans is estimated to have caused about a 30 increase in the level of ocean acidity since pre-industrial times. The sources of the CO2 increase in the atmosphere can be identified from studies of the isotopic composition of atmospheric CO2 and from oxygen (O2) concentration trends in the atmosphere. The observed trends in the isotopic (13C, 14C) composition of CO2 in the atmosphere and the decrease in the concentration of atmospheric O2 confirm that the dominant cause of the observed CO2 increase is the combustion of fossil fuels.
4 degree warming is inevitable with current carbon usage trends – only emissions reductions solvePotsdam Institute, 2012 (Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research and Climate Analytics, “Turn Down the Heat: Why a 4°C Warmer World Must be Avoided”, A report for the World Bank, November, http://climatechange.worldbank.org/sites/default/files/Turn_Down_the_heat_Why_a_4_degree_centrigrade_warmer_world_must_be_avoided.pdf)
The emission … rise of more than 6°C. Not too late – every reduction keyNuccitelli 12 Dana, is an environmental scientist at a private environmental consulting firm in the Sacramento, California area. He has a Bachelor's Degree in astrophysics from the University of California at Berkeley, and a Master's Degree in physics from the University of California at Davis. He has been researching climate science, economics, and solutions as a hobby since 2006, and has contributed to Skeptical Science since September, 2010, http:~/~/www.skepticalscience.com/html, HM
We're not yet …we have discussed here (Figure 4).
Contention Two: Extinction
Scenario A is AgricultureGlobal warming makes global agricultural production impossible – resulting in mass starvationPotsdam Institute, 2012 (Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research and Climate Analytics, “Turn Down the Heat: Why a 4°C Warmer World Must be Avoided”, A report for the World Bank, November, http://climatechange.worldbank.org/sites/default/files/Turn_Down_the_heat_Why_a_4_degree_centrigrade_warmer_world_must_be_avoided.pdf)
The overall conclusions … of nonclimatic factors.
Scenario B is Biodiversity4 degrees of warming make sustaining biodiversity impossible – the impact is extinctionPotsdam Institute, 2012 (Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research and Climate Analytics, “Turn Down the Heat: Why a 4°C Warmer World Must be Avoided”, A report for the World Bank, November, http://climatechange.worldbank.org/sites/default/files/Turn_Down_the_heat_Why_a_4_degree_centrigrade_warmer_world_must_be_avoided.pdf)
Ecosystems and their …unknown in human experience (Barnosky et al., 2012).
Scenario C is Carbon DioxideCurrent Carbon emissions guarantee ocean acidification – only reversing these trends ensures ocean resiliency – the alternative collapses marine lifePotsdam Institute, 2012 (Potsdam Institute for Climate Impact Research and Climate Analytics, “Turn Down the Heat: Why a 4°C Warmer World Must be Avoided”, A report for the World Bank, November, http://climatechange.worldbank.org/sites/default/files/Turn_Down_the_heat_Why_a_4_degree_centrigrade_warmer_world_must_be_avoided.pdf)
The high emission scenarios …., such as overfishing and pollution. Extinction Kristof 6 (NICHOLAS D. KRISTOF, American journalist, author, op-ed columnist, and a winner of two Pulitzer Prizes, “Scandal Below the Surface”, Oct 31, 2006, http://select.nytimes.com/2006/10/31/opinion/31kristof.html?_r=1, CMR)
If you think … half, after inflation, since 1979.
And, it independently kills planktonCheng, Ph.D, associated professor at the University of Texas, 2007 (Victoria. July. Keystone Species Extinction Overview. http://www.arlingtoninstitute.org/wbp/species-extinction/443)
Plankton is a blanket …system will be threatened.
Extinction – oxygen depletion and food chainsUPI June 6, 2008 (http://www.upi.com/Energy_Resources/2008/06/06/Acidic_oceans_may_tangle_food_chain/UPI-84651212763771/print/)
Increased carbon levels … lose everything," he told UPI.
Contention Three: SolvencyFederal purchase agreements are key to create a market for SMRs and spur private investmentRosner and Goldberg, 2011 (Robert, senator of the Helmholtz Association for the Research Field Structure of Matter and is currently the William E. Wrather Distinguished Service Professor at the University of Chicago; Stephen, Senior Advisor to the American Academy of Arts and Sciences; “Small Modular Reactors – Key to Future Nuclear Power Generation in the U.S.”, Energy Policy Institute at Chicago (EPIC), The University of Chicago, Contributor: Joseph S. Hezir, Pricipal, EOP Foundation, Inc., Technical Paper, Revision 1, November, https:~/~/epic.sites.uchicago.edu/sites/epic.uchicago.edu/files/uploads/pdf) 6.2 GOVERNMENT SPONSORSHIP OF MARKET … initial markets for SMR plants.
SMRs are critical to reducing emissions and preventing catastrophic global warming – any alternative failsCohen 2012 Armond, Executive Director, Clean Air Task Force, 2-13, “Decarbonization: The Nuclear Option,” http://energy.nationaljournal.com/2012/02/is-america-poised-for-nuclear.php?print=trueandprintcomment=2161670 Three years ago, MIT’s Richard …, cannot be left off the table.
Nuclear’s inevitable globally but won’t solve warming until the US develops SMR’sLovering et al 2012 Michael, – et al and Ted Nordhaus—co-founders of American Environics and the Breakthrough Institute a think tank that works on energy and climate change – AND – Jesse Jenkins-Director of Energy and Climate Policy, the Breakthrough Institute, Why We Need Radical Innovation to Make New Nuclear Energy Cheap, 9/11, thebreakthrough.org/index.php/programs/energy-and-climate/new-nukes/ Arguably, the biggest … we will need to get that job done. DOE Cost sharing fails to create a market– plan necessary to make nuclear power cost competitiveDOE 2012 A Strategic Framework for SMR Deployment, 2-24-12, http://www.ne.doe.gov/smrsubcommittee/documents/SMR20Strategic20Framework.pdf Four Phases to Commercial … segment of the economy. Nuclear power is necessary to avoid four degrees warmingComeau 3-12 Steve, a database programmer and a member of Local Motion, a Burlington-based group that promotes people-powered transportation, “Comeau: Nuclear power can be tool in avoiding global warming”, http://vtdigger.org/2013/03/12/comeau-nuclear-power-can-be-tool-in-avoiding-global-warming/ Nuclear power is … the heat must be turned down.” Contention Four: Warming Outweighs
Uncertainty is a reason to vote aff – our ability to predict exactly what will happen and adapt is minimalKim, 2012 (Dr. Jim Yong, President of the World Bank Group, “Turn Down The heat: why a 4°C warmer world must be avoided”, November, World Bank, http://climatechange.worldbank.org/sites/default/files/Turn_Down_the_heat_Why_a_4_degree_centrigrade_warmer_world_must_be_avoided.pdf)
It is my hope that … step up to the challenge.
Err aff on probability – risks of major war are almost ZEROFettweis 2006 Christopher, National Security Decision Making Department, US Naval War College, “A Revolution in International Relation Theory: Or, What If Mueller Is Right?” International Studies Review (2006) 8, 677–697 The obsolescence-of-…believe that it could not. No nuclear war – deterrenceTepperman 2009 Deputy Editor at Newsweek. Frmr Deputy Managing Editor, Foreign Affairs. LLM, i-law, NYU. MA, jurisprudence, Oxford. (Jonathan, Why Obama Should Learn to Love the Bomb, http:~/~/jonathantepperman.com/Welcome_files/nukes_pdf, CMR The argument that … to do to avoid it. Nuclear war doesn’t cause extinctionSocol 2011 Yehoshua (Ph.D.), an inter-disciplinary physicist, is an expert in electro-optics, high-energy physics and applications, and material science and Moshe Yanovskiy, Jan 2, “Nuclear Proliferation and Democracy”, http://www.americanthinker.com/2011/01/nuclear_proliferation_and_demo.html, CMR Nuclear proliferation should …states than the former.
| |
| 03/31/2013 | 2AC Apocalyptic Rhetoric KTournament: NDT | Round: 7 | Opponent: MSU | Judge: Framework we get to weigh implementation of the aff vs a competitive alternative –A. Predictability – the rez says USFG so that’s predictable that we should debate – the alternative moots the 1AC and makes fair debate impossibleB. Education – the only way to change government energy policy is deliberation about how climate science can inform policy options – it’s low now so there is only a risk we’re right – that’s HansonHansen ‘9, heads the org/wiki/NASA Goddard Institute for Space org/wiki/Goddard_Institute_for_Space_Studies and adjunct org/wiki/Professors_in_the_United_States#Adjunct_professor in the Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences at Columbia org/wiki/Columbia_University (James, December, Storms of My Grandchildren, xi) I believe the … running out of time.
Simulation and institutional deliberation are valuable and motivate effective responses to climate risksMarx et al 7 (Sabine M, Center for Research on Environmental Decisions (CRED) @ Columbia University, Elke U. Weber, Graduate School of Business and Department of Psychology @ Columbia University, Benjamin S. Orlovea, Department of Environmental Science and Policy @ University of California Davis, Anthony Leiserowitz, Decision Research, David H. Krantz, Department of Psychology @ Columbia University, Carla Roncolia, South East Climate Consortium (SECC), Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering @ University of Georgia and Jennifer Phillips, Bard Centre for Environmental Policy @ Bard College, “Communication and mental processes: Experiential and analytic processing of uncertain climate information”, 2007, http://climate.columbia.edu/sitefiles/file/Marx_GEC_2007.pdf) Based on the observation … and group decision-making. Decision-making skills and engagement with the state energy apparatus prevents energy technocracy and actualizes radical politicsHager, professor of political science – Bryn Mawr College, 1992 (Carol J., “Democratizing Technology: Citizen and State in West German Energy Politics, 1974-1990” Polity, Vol. 25, No. 1, p. 45-70) During this phase, … critics of the policy process.
Perm do the plan andClimate apocalypticisism leads to activism that averts catastrophe – studies prove robust correlationVeldman 12 – doctoral candidate in the Religion and Nature program at the University of Florida (Robin Globus, “Narrating the Environmental Apocalypse”, Volume 17, Number 1, Spring 2012, Ethics and the Environment, online, MCR)
Environmental Apocalypticism and … giving way to fatalistic resignation. The 1AC is a narrativization of climate apocalypse – key to moral deliberation which ensures activism and avoids their apathy arguments since it’s tied to constructive solutionsVeldman 12 – doctoral candidate in the Religion and Nature program at the University of Florida (Robin Globus, “Narrating the Environmental Apocalypse”, Volume 17, Number 1, Spring 2012, Ethics and the Environment, online, MCR)
The Apocalyptic Narrative … looks like in practice. End Page 12
Only our specific rhetoric solvesStepp, 11/5/2012 (Matthew, Contributor and Senior Policy Analyst of the D.C.-based think tank the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, “Climate Hawks and 'Reverse Tribalism': How Our Policy Choices Are Fueling Climate Inaction”, Forbes, http://www.forbes.com/sites/matthewstepp/2012/11/05/climate-hawks-and-reverse-tribalism-how-are-policy-choices-are-fueling-climate-inaction/) A self-aware and … messaging and start innovating. Inherent equality of all beings requires utilitiarianismDavid Cummiskey, Associate Professor of Philosophy @ Bates College and a Ph.D. from UM, 1996, Kantian Consequentialism, Pg. 145-146 In the next section, … some to save many. And it solves your impact – reduces militarismBarnett 1, RESEARCH COUNCIL FELLOW IN THE SCHOOL OF SOCIAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENQUIRY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF MELBOURNE, 2001 JON, THE MEANING OF ENVIRONMENTAL SECURITY: ECOLOGICAL POLITICS AND POLICY IN THE NEW SECURITY ERA, CHAPTER 9, 137-41 The question of whether it …environmentally secure world. | |
| 03/31/2013 | 2AC Politics - CIRTournament: NDT | Round: 7 | Opponent: MSU | Judge: We solve the economyFreeman 9—Technology Editor, Executive Intelligence Review Magazine and Associate Editor, 21st Century Science and Technology Magazine. Has written in Fusion Magazine, Executive Intelligence Review magazine, 21st Century Science and Technology magazine, Acta Astronautica, Space World magazine, New Federalist newspaper, Science Books and Films, Space Governance Journal, The World and I, Quest Magazine,The Encyclopedia of the Midwest, and other periodicals. (Marsha, Stimulate The Economy: Build New Nuclear Plants!, http://www.21stcenturysciencetech.com/Articles_2009/Stimulate_Nucl_sp09.pdf, CMR)
But economic growth … nuclear manufacturing industry. But immigration doesn’tScruggs 2/23 (Mike, “Immigration Myths: propping up foolish immigration policies”, http:~/~/www.thetribunepapers.com/2013/02/23/immigration-myths-propping-up-foolish-immigration-policies/http://www.thetribunepapers.com/2013/02/23/immigration-myths-propping-up-foolish-immigration-policies/, CMR)
Employment is the great … impacting society as well. Won’t pass-~--border securityByron York 3-27, Chief Political Correspondent - The Washington Examiner, “Border security in exchange for immigration reform? Napolitano says no deal.” 3-27-13, http://washingtonexaminer.com/border-security-in-exchange-for-immigration-reform-napolitano-says-no-deal./article/2525505 Republicans working to craft … a deal, now or ever. --Obama’s staying out of it – even though he calls it a "top priority"Fox News, 3-28-2013 http:~/~/latino.foxnews.com/latino/politics/2013/03/28/obama-immigration-reform-expected-by-end-summer/-http:~/~/latino.foxnews.com/latino/politics/2013/03/28/obama-immigration-reform-expected-by-end-summer/http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/politics/2013/03/28/obama-immigration-reform-expected-by-end-summer/-http:/latino.foxnews.com/latino/politics/2013/03/28/obama-immigration-reform-expected-by-end-summer/, CMR
President Barack Obama … the effort to lawmakers. Executive actions solvesKumar 3/19 (Anita, “Obama turning to executive power to get what he wants”, 2013, http:~/~/www.mcclatchydc.com/2013/03/19/186309/obama-turning-to-executive-power.html#storylink=html#storylink=cpy, CMR)
WASHINGTON — President Barack … New Republic magazine. Disads illogical – the judge is the federal government and can do the plan while passing immigration reform – no reason they’d backlash against themselvesThumper 1st – bill is months awayAltman 3/20 (Alex, “Four Hurdles That Could Block Immigration Reform”, 2013, http:~/~/swampland.time.com/2013/03/20/four-hurdles-that-could-block-immigration-reform/http://swampland.time.com/2013/03/20/four-hurdles-that-could-block-immigration-reform/, CMR)
By all accounts, negotiators … undocumented immigrants are deported.
Nuclear funding has unanimous supportPress Action ’12 (3/12/12 ("US Nuclear Industry Operates as if Fukushima Never Happened") http://www.pressaction.com/news/weblog/full_article/nuclearsubsidies03122012/-http://www.pressaction.com/news/weblog/full_article/nuclearsubsidies03122012/
Both Democrats and Republicans … honest and real debate.
| |
| 03/31/2013 | 2AC Market CPTournament: NDT | Round: 7 | Opponent: MSU | Judge: Perm do both – solves the link – creates competitive alternative energyLinks to politics – Energy production debates would cause gop to backlashCP wouldn’t buy Nuclear – too much investment risk even with upfront capital costs covered – only guaranteed purchaser removes that risk – that’s rosner and Goldberg and the DOE evidenceOnly nuclear solves – Cohen and ComeauWE don’t buy tech which means their innovation arguments are bad – always incentive for innovationCertainty is key – crucial for investmentTrembath 11 Alex, Policy associate in the Energy and Climate Program at Breakthrough. He is the lead or co-author of several Breakthrough publications, including the 2012 report, 2/4/11, Nuclear Power and the Future of Post-Partisan Energy org/2011/02/the-nuclear-option-in-a-post-partisan-approach-on-energy/, "Beyond Boom and Bust: Putting Clean Tech on a Path to Subsidy Independence" and "Where the Shale Gas Revolution Came From”, http:~/~/leadenergy.org/2011/02/the-nuclear-option-in-a-post-partisan-approach-on-energy/http://leadenergy.org/2011/02/the-nuclear-option-in-a-post-partisan-approach-on-energy/, CMR
If there is one field … his political leadership. Unconditional signal key – CP leads to politicizationKemp ’12 (John, “Obama’s confused energy policy”, March 26, http:~/~/business.financialpost.com/2012/03/26/obamas-confused-energy-policy/http://business.financialpost.com/2012/03/26/obamas-confused-energy-policy/, CMR)
U.S. President Barack Obama … America’s broken energy policy.
| |
| 03/31/2013 | 2AC T - Financial IncentiveTournament: NDT | Round: 7 | Opponent: MSU | Judge: We meet – aff doesn’t procure – it is a contract to purchase electricity – their ev concludes we’re T
C/I - Financial incentives require the disbursement of public funds linked to energy production – excludes action with incentive effectsWebb 93 – lecturer in the Faculty of Law at the University of Ottawa (Kernaghan, “Thumbs, Fingers, and Pushing on String: Legal Accountability in the Use of Federal Financial Incentives”, 31 Alta. L. Rev. 501 (1993) Hein Online)
In this paper, "financial incentives" … but they are not incentives.
Prefer it – aff ground – we need answers to cp’s like states – only our interp allows the aff to have core offense against things like the states CP
And intent to define – their evidence is outlining incentives in a certain UN project – err aff our interp has an intent to define incentives
No ground loss – they get all of their disads
No limits explosion – the topic is still manageable
Good is good enough – their interp creates a race to the bottom which prevents substantive topic education | |
| 03/31/2013 | 2AC T - InTournament: NDT | Round: 7 | Opponent: MSU | Judge: We meet PPA’s are offered throughout the USC/I – In means withinDictionary.com, 2013 (“In”, http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/in?s=t) in in Show IPA preposition, adverb, adjective, noun, verb, inned, in·ning. preposition 1. (used to indicate inclusion within space, a place, or limits): walking in the park. Prefer itPICS – their interp justifies PICs out of any small place - means aff can’t winGrammar – their interp doesn’t make sense – if I’m in the quarterfinals it doesn’t mean I’m in every debateEducation – it’s inevitable but having it on the aff is better because standards for solvency evidence are higher |
Round Reports
| Tournament | Round | Report |
|---|---|---|
| NDT | 7 |
Opponent: MSU | Judge: 1AC: SMRs PPA - warming 1NC: T Incentive, T In, Apocalyptic Rhetoric K, CP, CIR, Case 2NR: K |
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