| 01/24/2013 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: Round 3: Vs. Emporia SW, with David Heidt as the Judge
1NC Positions:Framework, Capitalism, Debate in Schools counter-advocacy
2NC Extended Args:Capitalism
New 2NC Impacts or Args:
1NR Args:Framework
2NR Strat:Framework, Capitalism Round 5: Vs. Georgetown EM, with Sam Maurer as the Judge
1NC Positions: Financial Incentives T (aff is not for production), Hagel DA (Washington/Iran Impact), Advanced research recommend CP, Militarism K
1NC On Case Args: Case defense
2NC Extended Args: Topicality (aff is extra-T at best), Case
New 2NC Impacts or Args: T: Overlimiting key to creativity
1NR Args: Condo Good, Kritik (Method first – before plan)
2NR Strat: Topicality |
| 01/26/2013 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
1NC
Off Natural gas production is defined as the process of getting natural gas out of existing wells
EIA Glossary No Date http://www.eia.gov/tools/glossary/index.cfm?id=D#dry_nat_gas_prod
Dry natural gas production: The process of producing consumer-grade natural gas.
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of production. Dry natural gas production equals marketed production less extraction loss.
Restrictions on production must mandate a decrease in the quantity produced
Anell 89 Lars is the Chairman of the WTO panel adopted at the Forty-Fifth Session of Contracting Parties on December 5, 1989. Other panel members: Mr. Hugh Bartlett and Mrs. Carmen Luz Guarda. “Canada – Import Restrictions on Ice Cream and Yoghurt,” http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/dispu_e/88icecrm.pdf
The United States argued that Canada had failed to demonstrate that it effectively restricted domestic
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to what the situation would be in the absence of all government measures. “On” is a limiting term
OED 89 Oxford English Dictionary v10 2nd Ed “On”p792
f 5. Within the limits or bounds of: _ IN prep. Vote negative- key to limits- infinite possible places where you can drill- the only predictable mechanism is how the drilling happens- that’s the only thing that all natural gas affs share- key to negative predictability- leases are a regulation not a restriction- explodes the topic- tons of things make producing energy harder- limiting this part of the topic is key because of the potential vastness of it Off
The energy production regime of the affirmative creates the natural gas industry as “too big to fail”- this obscures the environmental impact of offshore drilling because questions are skewed towards preserving current energy policy- this causes environmental destruction
Flournoy 2011 Alyson C. Flournoy, UF Research Foundation Professor and Alumni Research Scholar, University of Florida Levin College of Law “LEARNING FROM DISASTER: LESSONS FOR THE FUTURE FROM THE GULF OF MEXICO: SYMPOSIUM ARTICLE: THREE META-LESSONS GOVERNMENT AND INDUSTRY SHOULD LEARN FROM THE BP DEEPWATER HORIZON DISASTER AND WHY THEY WILL NOT” 2011 Boston College Environmental Affairs Law Review 38 B.C. Envtl. Aff. L. Rev. 281 lexis
There is much to learn about preventing disasters from the work of social scientists who
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include increased government support for lower carbon, lower-risk energy paths. The aff participates in an energy regime that assumes an infinitely forgiving nature- this is the logic that causes ecological catastrophe
Craig 2011 Robin Kundis Craig Attorneys' Title Professor of Law and Associate Dean for Environmental Programs, Florida State University College of Law 2011¶ ¶ Brigham Young University Law Review¶ ¶ 2011 B.Y.U.L. Rev. 1863¶ “ARTICLE: Legal Remedies for Deep Marine Oil Spills and Long-Term Ecological Resilience: A Match Made in Hell” lexis
This is natural resources law's first-sense resilience dependence in action - an unwarranted
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environment could be - and perhaps should be - considered inherently dangerous activities. You should inject notions of systemic risk into your calculations about energy production- now is the key time to formulate regimes sensitive to systemic risk
Lakoff 2010 Andrew Lakoff is associate professor of anthropology, sociology, and communication at the University of Southern California and the editor of Disaster and the Politics of Intervention August 23, 2010 “Too Big to Fail: Catastrophic Risk after the Deepwater Horizon Disaster” http://itemsandissues.ssrc.org/too-big-to-fail/all/1
Rather, the same broad lessons that were learned from the financial meltdown can be
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scale natural disasters, pandemic disease, climate change, and humanitarian emergency. Off
The United States Federal Government should end the leasing moratorium on offshore drilling in the United States.
The CP is a PIC out of the creation of new gas-only leases- their plan should be conceived of as having two parts- one eliminates restrictions that prevent gas-only leases and the other eliminates the moratorium on leases- the CP is key to solvency- no one will invest because they don’t know if there is only natural gas in a well
Humphries 2008 Marc Humphries¶ Analyst in Energy Policy¶ Resources, Science, and Industry Division January 22, 2008 Congressional Research Service Report for Congress “Outer Continental Shelf:¶ Debate Over Oil and Gas Leasing¶ and Revenue Sharing” http://www.au.af.mil/au/awc/awcgate/crs/rl33493.pdf
Under current law, all OCS lease sales include both oil and gas, and
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Proponents argue that production of natural gas only would lessen states’¶ concerns. Gas- only leases cause no solvency- ensures no one invests in rigs
MarEx 11 (Maritime Executive , “Gas-Only Drilling in Offshore Moratorium Areas Suggested”, 1/19, http://www.maritime-executive.com/article/2005-10-20gas-only-drilling-in-offshore-moratori)
However, the American Petroleum Institute (API), in comments this week to MMS
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, only to be forced to abandon the resource, stranding substantial investments." Off
Hagel confirmed now due to Obama
Norman Birnbaum Prof emeritus @ Georgetown University Law Center 2013-1-20 Global Times http://www.globaltimes.cn/content/756998.shtml | Hagel nomination now likely to be all smooth sailing
With endorsements from two Senators who are voices of the Israel lobby (Barbara Boxer
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and a recognition of the enlarged influence he won with his electoral victory.
Gas-only leases are controversial
MarEx 11 (Maritime Executive , “Gas-Only Drilling in Offshore Moratorium Areas Suggested”, 1/19, http://www.maritime-executive.com/article/2005-10-20gas-only-drilling-in-offshore-moratori)
Oil and gas industry groups are criticizing a provision in House offshore drilling legislation that
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to predict with certainty what types of resources will be in an area. PC key to Hagel
SCOTT WONG and MANU RAJU, 1/6/13, “Chuck Hagel takes fire from Capitol Hill,” Politico, http://www.politico.com/story/2013/01/chuck-hagel-takes-fire-from-capitol-hill-85805.html
Senate Democrats and Republicans are far from sold on President Barack Obama’s expected nomination of
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has to get him across the finish line. Dems will hate this.”
Hagel breaks the Washington consensus – averts Iran war
Rosie Gray and Zeke Miller, writers for Buzzfeed, 1/6/2013 “Obama Upends Iran Debate By Picking Chuck Hagel,” http://www.buzzfeed.com/rosiegray/obama-updends-iran-debate-by-picking-chuck-hagel)
Their hope — and their foes’ fear — is that Hagel’s confirmation could mean that
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some Republicans and some Israeli leaders that American bombs should start falling now.
That escalates
James A. Russell, Senior Lecturer, National Security Affairs, Naval Postgraduate School, ‘9 (Spring) “Strategic Stability Reconsidered: Prospects for Escalation and Nuclear War in the Middle East” IFRI, Proliferation Papers, #26, http://www.ifri.org/downloads/PP26_Russell_2009.pdf
Strategic stability in the region is thus undermined by various factors: (1)
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the peoples of the region, with substantial risk for the entire world. Manufacturing Adv
Even with increases in demand shale stocks are sufficient
Zacks Equity Research 1-15 Zacks Equity Research 1-15-2013 “Natural Gas Supplies Tumble” http://www.zacks.com/stock/news/90452/natural-gas-supplies-tumble
The U.S. Energy Department's weekly inventory release showed a larger-than
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of horizontal drilling and hydraulic fracturing – remain robust, thereby overwhelming demand. There is a ton of shale gas- historic predictions of well performance are wrong because of new innovations
Crooks 2011 (Ed Crooks, Energy Editor for the Financial Times, "US shale gas bonanza: New wells to draw on," October 5, 2011, Financial Times, www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/067a0a38-ef39-11e0-918b-00144feab49a.html#axzz26bKfcgif)
Within the past two years, the industry has woken up to the prospect that
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the planet that wouldn’t love to get that, and then use it.” The EIA actually underestimated the amount of shale we have
Inman 2012 (Mason Inman, National Geographic News, Feb 29, 2012, "Estimates Clash for How Much Natural Gas in the United States", news.nationalgeographic.com/news/energy/2012/03/120301-natural-gas-reserves-united-states/)
However, geologist Terry Engelder of Pennsylvania State University argued that the recent EIA estimate
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. Engelder thinks that a lot more of the parcels will be productive. Manufacturing isn’t key to competitiveness- structural factors limit its economic contribution
Erne 2012 (Brendan Erne, Research Analyst with Personal Capital Advisors, January 30, 2012, “Why America Shouldn't Focus on Manufacturing,” The Fiscal Times, http://www.thefiscaltimes.com/Articles/2012/01/30/Why-America-Shouldnt-Focus-on-Manufacturing.aspx#page1)
The U.S. began as an agricultural economy. Through the Civil War
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being, there are benefits to globalization many of us take for granted.
Econ resilient
Fareed Zakaria (editor of Newsweek International) December 2009 “The Secrets of Stability,” http://www.newsweek.com/id/226425/page/2
One year ago, the world seemed as if it might be coming apart.
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forces for stability, each reinforcing the other and each historical in nature. US not key to global economy—Sustainable decoupling post-recession
Chaudhary 2010—Neeraj Chaudhary, Investment Consultant in the Los Angeles branch of Euro Pacific Capital, October 21, 2010, “Global Economic Decoupling Alive and Well,” http://www.marketoracle.co.uk/Article23670.html
While the US economy continues to weaken (see my recent commentary: Don't Doubt
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time, they might just excuse themselves and move to the next car. Economic collapse doesn’t cause war – no causal connection
Thomas P.M. Barnett (senior managing director of Enterra Solutions LLC and a contributing editor/online columnist for Esquire magazine) August 2009 “The New Rules: Security Remains Stable Amid Financial Crisis” http://www.aprodex.com/the-new-rules~-~-security-remains-stable-amid-financial-crisis-398-bl.aspx
When the global financial crisis struck roughly a year ago, the blogosphere was ablaze
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fear-mongering to proceed apace. That's what the Internet is for. Their ethylene internal link is talking about shale
Bullis, 1/9/13 Kevin, MIT Technology Review, “Shale Gas Will Fuel a U.S. Manufacturing Boom”, http://www.technologyreview.com/news/509291/shale-gas-will-fuel-a-us-manufacturing-boom
The plummeting price of natural gas—which can be used to make a vast
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to convert it into polyethylene for plastic bags or ethylene glycol for antifreeze.
No resource wars
Idean Salehyan (Professor of Political Science at the University of North Texas) May 2008 “From Climate Change to Conflict? No Consensus Yet*” Journal of Peace Research, vol. 45, no. 3 http://emergingsustainability.org/files/resolver%20climate%20change%20and%20conflict.pdf
First, the deterministic view has poor predictive power as to where and when conflicts
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livelihoods. Political sensitivity to peaceful action can immunize states from armed insurrection.
Disease extinction impossible
Gregg Easterbrook (a senior fellow at The New Republic) July 2003 “We're All Gonna Die!” http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/11.07/doomsday.html?pg=1andtopic=andtopic_set=
Germ warfare!Like chemical agents, biological weapons have never lived up to their
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out humanity before, and it seems unlikely to happen in the future. Liberal Internationalism
Liberal international order high, resilient, and increasing.
Arntzenius, 2011
Linda Arntzenius, All Princeton, “Liberal Leviathan: The Case for Cooperation” April 14, http://allprinceton.com/content/liberal-leviathan-case-cooperation
“Obama gets it,” says Ikenberry, who commends the president for reframing the
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of past crises and will do so again. Let’s hope he’s right. Liberal internationalism is ineffective at shaping an effective global system*
Azar Gat, July/August 2009, is a researcher and author on military history, he was the Chair of the Department of Political Science at Tel Aviv University, Foreign Affairs, “Which Way Is History Marching?,” http://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/65162/azar-gat-daniel-deudney-and-g-john-ikenberry-and-ronald-inglehar/which-way-is-history-marching?page=show
UNDILUTED OPTIMISM to the sweeping, blind forces of globalization. A message need not
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it is, and their entrance into the system is as likely to change it as to change them. The Universal Declaration of Human Rights provides a case
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is in many ways benign, welcoming, and based on mutual prosperity. 2NC
2NC Perm do the CP
The counterplan may seem not competitive because it allows more drilling than the plan but it surely is- the key is in the distinction between the mandates and the effects of the plan- the mandate of the plan includes both the creation of gas-only leases and the ending of the moratorium-that is the only way that they could reduce restrictions only for natural gas production- here is evidence to support that- they would have to change the Outer Continental Shelf Lands Act
Geman 2005 Ben Geman, Greenwire reporter September 15, 2005 “MMS chief questions 'gas only' leasing, praises gulf spill prevention” lexis
Broad natural gas legislation offered by Sen. Lamar Alexander (R-Tenn.)
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with Burton is airing today. Click here to see the OnPoint broadcast. Thus the CP actually has fewer mandates to achieve a greater level of effects
You should reward our specific research on the issue of restrictions associated with natural gas- the decision to specify only natural gas is obviously a strategic one- if we had interpreted the plan the other way and CP to create gas-only leases with an Oil DA as a NB then they would have no linked the Oil DA and won on perm do the CP- the negative should get a ton of credit for cutting specific PIC’s especially since the Aff apparently doesn’t have to write down what they do in their plan anymore- vague plans are a voting issue- the reason no one cuts specific PIC’s and relies on the lame process CP’s and politics all the time is because no one will commit to anything in their plan- this particular CP is good because it reflects actual suggestions Virgina tried it
Times News 2008 Times News November 20 2008 “Attorney: Oil drilling coast a complicated issue”http:www.americasenergycoast.org/subpagedetail.php?page_ID=5anddetail_ID=45andsub_ID=77
The Virginia legislature passed a bill in 2006 welcoming exploration off its coast, with several conditions: that the drilling be for natural gas only, that it occur no closer than 50 miles from the coast, and that the state get a cut of the lease revenues. Their plan means they affect leases- that’s what the moratorium is on- to only reduce restrictions on natural gas production they would have to offer ‘gas-only’ leases
NaturalGas.org, no date (NaturalGas.org, “Natural Gas Supply,” http://www.naturalgas.org/business/analysis.asp)
The production of natural gas in the United States … the increasing availability of supplies reaching the market. Process education is more important than substance on this topic – implementation is the KEY ISSUE in energy policy
Nolan, 11 - Associate Professor of Law and Dispute Resolution Program Director, Vermont Law School (Seth, “Negotiating the Wind: A Framework to Engage Citizens in Siting Wind Turbines” Negotiating the Wind: A Framework to Engage Citizens in Siting Wind Turbines, SSRN)
Despite demonstrated need and available technology, the promise of wind energy has yet to
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citizens and provide the substrate on which a satisfactory solution can be reached. impact areas are debated every round. Implementation level analysis is the most beneficial—real world.
Branson, 2007 (Josh Branson, “Reflections about debate and policymaking” May 31, edeabte)
Well, that’s not the way it worked at all, at least for me
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raised, but little in a way of meaningfully engaging the policy process. 2NC CP Solvency
There would be no demand for gas-only leases- no one would be willing to pay for it with the chance that they don’t get to drill- means the CP solves and the plan does not
Geman 2005 Ben Geman, Greenwire reporter September 15, 2005 “MMS chief questions 'gas only' leasing, praises gulf spill prevention” lexis
The head of the Minerals Management Service said yesterday she is skeptical about the feasibility
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with Burton is airing today. Click here to see the OnPoint broadcast. 2NC Oil DA
Studies prove not enough oil there to make a difference
Leonard 2009 Whitney Angell Leonard graduated from Williams College in 2008 and was a 2008–2009 junior fellow in the Carnegie Endowment’s Energy and Climate program. She is currently working as a wildlife advocate at the Natural Resources Defense Council October 2009 Carnegie Endowment for International Peace “Five Alternatives that Make More Sense than Offshore Oil” http://www.carnegieendowment.org/files/alternatives_offshore_oil.pdf
Moreover, the argument that we need offshore oil to protect Americans ¶ against skyrocketing
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S. ¶ oil dependence or to bring down oil prices for consumers. There isn’t any oil and we don’t have the equipment
Center for American Progress 2008 Center for American Progress September 15, 2008 “Ten Reasons Not to Expand Offshore Drilling” http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/green/news/2008/09/15/4894/ten-reasons-not-to-expand-offshore-drilling/
Offshore drilling in sensitive areas would increase domestic oil production by 3 percent by 2030
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companies just don’t have the resources to explore oil fields in the OCS.
Relations resilient
Ziegler 2011 (Lucien Zeigler, Research Director at Saudi-U.S. Trade Group, Inc, March 2011 “Could US-Saudi Relationship Emerge Stronger After ‘Arab Spring’?” http://informationchaos.com/2011/03/18/could-us-saudi-relationship-emerge-stronger-after-arab-spring/)
Writing in the UK’s Financial Times, Eurasia Group President Ian Bremmer argues that the
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confident about the strength of US-Saudi relations despite some current disagreements. 2NC Shale Solves
Even worst estimates of natural gas reserves result in low prices
Levi 2012 Michael Levi is the David M. Rubenstein¶ senior fellow for energy and the environment¶ and director of the Program on Energy Security¶ and Climate Change at the Council on Foreign¶ Relations July 2012 Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists “Splitting rock vs. splitting¶ atoms: What shale gas means¶ for nuclear power” Ebsco
Even in the United States, though, not¶ everyone is bullish about shale
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, except with the¶ most optimistic assumptions possible¶ about its cost.
MIT thinks we have plenty
MONIZ, JACOBY, and MEGGS 2011 ERNEST J. MONIZ — CHAIR ¶ Cecil and Ida Green Professor of Physics ¶ and Engineering Systems, MIT ¶ Director, MIT Energy Initiative (MITEI) ¶ HENRY D. JACOBY — CO-CHAIR ¶ Professor of Management, MIT ¶ ANTHONY J. M. MEGGS — CO-CHAIR ¶ Visiting Engineer, MITEI, Massachusetts Institute of Technology “MIT Study on the Future of Natural Gas” 06/09/11, http://web.mit.edu/mitei/research/studies/documents/natural-gas-2011/NaturalGas_Report.pdf
Globally, there are abundant supplies of natural gas, much of which can be
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price at or below $6/MMBtu at the well-head. Ethlyne
Their ethylene internal link is talking about shale
Bullis, 1/9/13 Kevin, MIT Technology Review, “Shale Gas Will Fuel a U.S. Manufacturing Boom”, http://www.technologyreview.com/news/509291/shale-gas-will-fuel-a-us-manufacturing-boom
The plummeting price of natural gas—which can be used to make a vast
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to convert it into polyethylene for plastic bags or ethylene glycol for antifreeze. 1NR
Impacts – Turns the aff / war impacts
Hagel failure crushes global US resolve – turns case
Financial Times 12-27, 2012 Hagel for defence http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/ad8eba06-503d-11e2-9b66-00144feab49a.html#axzz2HH2u4ZZI
Yet ever since Mr Hagel emerged as the clear frontrunner, he has come under
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would send a message at home and abroad that Mr Obama lacks resolve.
Signal of weak Obama risks all nuclear scenarios
Victor Davis Hanson, Senior Fellow in Residence in Classics and Military History @ Hoover Institution, Stanford University December 7, 2009 Change, Weakness, Disaster, Obama: Answers from Victor Davis Hanson,” http://www.resistnet.com/group/oregon/forum/topics/change-weakness-disaster-obama/showLastReply.
BC: Are we currently sending a message of weakness to our foes and allies
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tiger and now no one quite knows whom it will bite or when. Hagel key to multilateral energy cooperation
Annie Snider, EandE reporter Greenwire: Monday, January 7, 2013 As Hagel faces confirmation battle, new and old energy issues likely to arise http://eenews.net/public/Greenwire/2013/01/07/1
Instead, Hagel, a Vietnam War veteran and former Senate Foreign Relations Committee member
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21st-century military is respond to things like that," Wald said. Hagel prevents Iran strikes Anyone but Hagel means Iran strikes
Glenn Greenwald, columnist for the Guardian, 1/5/2013 Chuck Hagel and liberals http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2013/jan/05/hagel-liberals-gays-israel-democrats)
All of the Democratic alternatives to Hagel who have been seriously mentioned are nothing more
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sustaining destructive US policy in the Middle East and commitment to endless war.
Do progressives even pretend any longer to care about any of these issues: about
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other plausible nominees - on issues of war. foreign policy and militarism?
Hagel sufficient to avoid Iran war – changing the conversation
Beinart, writer for the Daily Beast, 1/7/2013
(Peter, “Hagel: A New Era In Foreign Policy?,” http://www.thedailybeast.com/articles/2013/01/07/hagel-a-new-era-in-american-foreign-policy.html)
The final reason for the resiliency of this Republican foreign-policy cocoon is the
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uniformed military, some of whom have already expressed skepticism about bombing Iran. A2 Uniqueness outstrips
Hagel confirmation is not settled- poisoning the hearings could derail
Cassata 1-22 Donna Cassata 1-22-2013 Newser “Senate chairman says best to count up votes for Hagel after confirmation hearing” http://www.newser.com/article/da3vdph04/senate-chairman-says-best-to-count-up-votes-for-hagel-after-confirmation-hearing.html
The chairman of the Senate Armed Services Committees says it's best to wait until after
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week. Levin said it was possible that Hagel gets some GOP votes.
Members of the Senate Armed Services Committee are vulnerable
LoGiurato 1-22 Brett LoGiurato 1-22-2013 Business Insider “Conservatives Have A New Plan To Thwart Chuck Hagel's Confirmation” http://www.businessinsider.com/chuck-hagel-confirmation-israel-iran-anti-semite-2013-1
A newly formed non-profit organization is targeting Senate Democrats up for re-
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which will hold a hearing on Hagel's confirmation on Jan. 31. ¶ Obama PC is key Obama pc is key to Hagel nomination
Chiles 1-22 Nick Chiles is a Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist and New York Times bestselling author. He has written or co-written 11 books and won over a dozen major journalism awards during a journalism career that brought him to the Dallas Morning News, the Star-Ledger of New Jersey and New York Newsday, in addition to serving as Editor-in-Chief of Odyssey Couleur travel magazine 1-22-2013 “Up Next: Obama Must Get Cabinet Picks Through a Testy Congress” http://atlantablackstar.com/2013/01/22/up-next-obama-must-get-cabinet-picks-through-a-testy-congress/
During the pageantry of the inauguration festivities yesterday, President Obama made a snarky comment
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antithetical to the smooth operation of a country run by opposing political parties.
Hagel on track, but unravel is possible without PC
Washington Times 1/8/2013 (http://www.washingtontimes.com/news/2013/jan/8/little-enthusiasm-on-capitol-hill-for-hagel-nomina/#ixzz2HUcSjUfS)
Even before it became official Monday, Mr. Hagel’s nomination had kicked up a
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sometimes even the “safest” picks can unravel during the confirmation process.
Obama spending lots of political capital on Hagel
Shoula Romano Horing 01.17.13 Jews must oppose Hagel Op-ed: President Obama chose to betray US Jews at earliest opportunity after his reelection http://www.ynetnews.com/articles/0,7340,L-4333987,00.html
It is remarkable how much political capital Obama is willing to spend to make Hagel, an ex -Republican senator, with a dubious administrative and executive record, his defense minister, unless Hagel represents everything Obama believes in but was afraid to say during his first term - including his underlying hostility to Israel.
PC key to Hagel
SIOBHAN GORMAN And CAROL E. LEE January 6, 2013, 7:39 p.m. ET White House to Go on Offense for Hagel Pick Aides Say Obama to Stand Firm on Defense Secretary Choice Despite GOP Criticism of Ex-Senator's Stance on Israel, Iraq http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424127887323482504578225532918927080.html
Mr. Hagel's views on Afghanistan and the drawdown of troops there also dovetail with
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he would be the first enlisted military member to run the Defense Department.
*2NR*
Hawks
Only Hagel enables Obama to stand up to hawks
McGovern 1/2 McGovern, 1/2/2013 (Ray – former Army officer and veteran of the CIA’s analysis division, Obama needs Hagel in the Pentagon, Baltimore Sun, p. http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2013-01-02/news/bs-ed-hagel-20130102_1_pentagon-generals-robert-mcnamara)
During his first year in office, President Barack Obama encountered similar insubordination when the
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," having volunteered for Vietnam, with two purple hearts to prove it. |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: NDT | Round: 4 | Opponent: George Mason KL | Judge: Immigration reform will pass now but political capital key
Gary Martin Published 7:40 pm, Thursday, March 28, 2013 Immigration reform gaining support in Congress Read more: http://www.ctpost.com/local/article/Immigration-reform-gaining-support-in-Congress-4393187.php~~%23ixzz2OtaMmqbj-http://www.ctpost.com/local/article/Immigration-reform-gaining-support-in-Congress-4393187.php
A Republican Party in desperate search for relevance to Latino voters. An expanded Democratic
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rally support, said Sue Chinn, campaign manager for Alliance for Citizenship.
Plan costs capital – Grant program is controversial in congress; extensions have been contentious votes
Rodman Admin, March 22 2012 http://www.rodmancpa.com/refusal-to-extend-1603-grants-will-hit-smaller-projects-hard/ Earlier this month, Congress had an opportunity to boost the renewables economy by passing
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credit (instead of the cash grant) for certain renewable energy projects. Solves US-India relations
LA Times, 11/9/2012 (Other countries eagerly await U.S. immigration reform, p. http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/world_now/2012/11/us-immigration-reform-eagerly-awaited-by-source-countries.html)
"Comprehensive immigration reform will see expansion of skilled labor visas," predicted B.
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see the immigration opportunity as a bigger plus than not," he said.
US/India relations averts South Asian nuclear war
Schaffer, Spring 2002 (Teresita – Director of the South Asia Program at the Center for Strategic and International Security, Washington Quarterly, p. Lexis)
Washington’s increased interest in India since the late 1990s reflects India’s economic expansion and position
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people out of poverty depends critically on good relations with the United States. |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: NDT | Round: 4 | Opponent: George Mason KL | Judge: Electricity prices are dropping and will stay low
Dallas Burtraw, one of the nation’s foremost experts on environmental regulation in the electricity sector, and studies electricity restructuring, competition, and economic deregulation, "Falling Emissions and Falling Prices: Expectations for the Domestic Natural Gas Boom," Common Resources, August 21, 2012, http://common-resources.org/2012/falling-emissions-and-falling-prices-expectations-for-the-domestic-natural-gas-boom/-http://common-resources.org/2012/falling-emissions-and-falling-prices-expectations-for-the-domestic-natural-gas-boom/, accessed 10-25-2012.
Moreover, the boom in domestic natural gas production could have even more immediate affects
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.8 Billion (real %242009) in savings projected for 2020.
Decentralized solar jacks up electricity prices and hurts the most vulnerable
Burr, 12 – editor in chief of Public Utilities Fortnightly (Michael, "Rooftop Tsunami; Utilities sound the alarm as PV nears grid parity" PUBLIC UTILITIES FORTNIGHTLY, July, lexis)
From the utility’s point of view, a growing wave of rooftop PV projects is
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by 40 to 50 percent by 2020, which we know isn’t sustainable." This causes a depression
Entine, 9 – adjunct fellow at the American Enterprise Institute (Jon, "U.S. and Climate Change—Rescue of the Planet Postponed?", 2/24, http://aei.org/publications/filter.all,pubID.29333/pub_detail.asp-http://aei.org/publications/filter.all,pubID.29333/pub_detail.asp)
The correlation between economic growth and energy costs is high and negative; when energy costs go up, productivity takes a nosedive. In these extraordinary times, arguably the top priority must be to ensure that a secular financial downturn doesn’t turn into a worldwide structural depression. If that happens, both the economy and the environment will be losers. Global war
Harris and Burrows, 9 – *counselor in the National Intelligence Council, the principal drafter of Global Trends 2025, member of the NIC’s Long Range Analysis Unit "Revisiting the Future: Geopolitical Effects of the Financial Crisis", Washington Quarterly, http://www.twq.com/09april/docs/09apr_burrows.pdf)
Increased Potential for Global Conflict¶ Of course, the report encompasses more than economics
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within and between states in a more dog-eat-dog world. |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: NDT | Round: 4 | Opponent: George Mason KL | Judge: Text: The U.S. Supreme Court should rule that the cap for the Green Technology Pilot Program is unconstitutional and find that delays in approval of all eligible carbon-based solar power patent applications are in violation of this ruling.
Supreme court can rule against restrictions on energy production
Craig 2010 (Robin Kundis Craig, Attorneys’ Title Professor and Associate Dean for Environmental Programs at Florida State University College of Law, Summer 2010, "MULTISTATE DECISION MAKING FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY AND TRANSMISSION: SPOTLIGHT ON COLORADO, NEW MEXICO, UTAH, AND WYOMING: Constitutional Contours for the Design and Implementation of Multistate Renewable Energy Programs and Projects," University of Colorado Law Review, Lexis)
A number of dormant Commerce Clause cases have involved energy production, and they systematically
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not constitutionally restrict interstate transportation of hydroelectric power generated in New Hampshire. 124
The counterplan is not a reduction—it requires executive/congressional acquiescence.
Spiro, 2001 (Peter J. Spiro, Professor, Hofstra University School of Law; Visiting Professor, University of Texas School of Law, Texas Law Review, April, lexis)
The increments approach answers these objections, at the same time that it affirms the
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. Such adaptation will not prevail where it is rejected by other actors. |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: NDT | Round: 4 | Opponent: George Mason KL | Judge: Restrictions are mandates of the quantity of energy produced- that’s the best lexicographical definition
Schackleford 17 J. is a justice of the Supreme Court of Florida. "Atlantic Coast Line Railroad Company, a corporation, et al., Plaintiff in Error, v. The State of Florida, Defendant in Error," 73 Fla. 609; 74 So. 595; 1917 Fla., Lexis
There would seem to be no occasion to discuss whether or not the Railroad Commissioners
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failure to comply with the order for the erection of a union depot.
Vote Negative
Limits and ground – regulations is Pandora’s box – 40 agencies
William O. Daub ¶ LeBoeuf, Lamb, Leiby %26 MacRae, 1757 N Street NW, Washington, DC 20036, 1976.¶ ENERGY REGULATION: ¶ A QUAGMIRE FOR ENERGY ¶ POLICY, http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev.eg.01.110176.003435
FERS began with the recognition that federal energy policy must result from ¶ concerted efforts
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. Unfortunately, this example ¶ is the rule rather than the exception. Precision-Lexicography is key to understanding the resolution
Dash No Date ~Nilardi Sekhar Dash Linguistic Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, worked in the area of corpus linguistics and language technology for more than 15 years No Date "Linguistics- The Art of Lexicography" Encyclopedia of Life Support Systems http://www.eolss.net/Sample-Chapters/C04/E6-91-16.pdf~~
Lexicography also studies lexicon but from a different angle. While lexicology concentrate on the
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a better way or checking correct spellings and pronunciations of words, etc. |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: NDT | Round: 4 | Opponent: George Mason KL | Judge: Unipolarity fosters conflict
Nuno P. Monteiro is Assistant Professor of Political Science at Yale University "Unrest Assured Why Unipolarity Is Not Peaceful" International Security Volume 36, Number 3, Winter 2011/12 Project Muse
Wohlforth further argued that a durable unipolar world is also a peaceful world. In
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durability) has all but monopolized our attention. ~End Page 11~
Hegemony doesn’t solve war – causes instability and prolif – drags US in causes bigger conflicts
Ben Friedman (research fellow in defense and homeland security, Cato. PhD candidate in political science, MIT) July 2010 "Military Restraint and Defense Savings" 20 July 2010, http://www.cato.org/testimony/ct-bf-07202010.html
Another argument for high military spending is that U.S. military hegemony underlies
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and threaten to drag us into wars, while providing no obvious benefit. Hegemony causes balancing- also prevents regional regimes from being created to share burdens
Barry R. Posen is Ford International Professor of Political Science and director of the security studies program at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. The American Interest November/December 2007 "The Case for Restraint" http://www.the-american-interest.com/article.cfm?piece=331
Whatever else it may achieve, U.S. activism is bound to discomfit
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. They will also reduce the propensity of others to share these costs. States are willing to retrench- the transition is smooth even if it’s a fast collapse
Paul K. MacDonald is Assistant Professor of Political Science at Williams College and Joseph M. Parent is Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Miami Spring 2011 International Security "Graceful Decline? The Surprising Success of Great Power Retrenchment" Volume 35 Number 4 pg 7-44
This article has advanced three main arguments. First, retrenchment pessimists are incorrect when
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may depend on the pervasive pessimism it arouses. ~End Page 44~
Smooth decline now- fighting to maintain power causes more conflict
Adam Quinn Lecturer in International Politics at the University of Birmingham International Affairs 87:4 (2011) 803–824 "The art of declining politely: Obama’s prudent presidency and the waning of American power" http://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/87_4quinn.pdf
As noted in the opening passages of this article, the narratives of America’s decline
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seems it is fortunate enough to have a president who fits the bill. Transition smooth now – solves war, terrorism, climate change, disease, prolif
Barry Buzan (Professor of International Relations at the London School of Economics) 2011 "The Inaugural Kenneth N. Waltz Annual Lecture A World Order Without Superpowers Decentred Globalism," International Relations, 4-1, vol. 25 no. 1 3-25~
There are many reasons to think that a regionalized international order would work quite well
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be one of friends and rivals, not one of rivals and enemies. Heg unsustainable- budget- even those who thought it was sustainable last time- it’s collapsing now
Adam Quinn Lecturer in International Politics at the University of Birmingham International Affairs 87:4 (2011) 803–824 "The art of declining politely: Obama’s prudent presidency and the waning of American power" http://www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/87_4quinn.pdf
In addition to the strides being made by other nations, however, the United
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account, at that point the fiscal outlook becomes ’downright apocalyptic’. 16
Hegemony is unsustainable- rise of the rest
Christopher Layne Professor of International Relations Texas A%26M University International Studies Quarterly Volume 56, Issue 1, pages 203–213, March 2012 "This Time It’s Real: The End of Unipolarity and the Pax Americana"
American decline is part of a broader trend in international politics: the shift of
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, potential great powers have been positioning themselves to challenge the United States. No protectionism
Dani Rodrik (professor of political economy at Harvard, recipient of the Social Science Research Council’s Hirschman Prize) 2009 "The myth of rising protectionism", http://www.business-standard.com/india/news/dani-rodrikmythrising-protectionism/373102/
There was a dog that didn’t bark during the financial crisis: protectionism. Despite
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insurance and family support — that mitigate demand for cruder forms of protection. |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: NDT | Round: 4 | Opponent: George Mason KL | Judge: Eugene Gholz and Daryl G. Press (doctoral candidates in the Department of Political Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology) and Harvey M. Sapolsky (Professor of Public Policy and Organization in the Department of Political Science at M.I.T. and Director of the M.I.T. Defense and Arms Control Studies (DACS) Program Spring 1997 "come home America – the strategy of restraint in the face of temptation" International Security, Vol. 21, No. 4
The larger long-term cost of selective engagement is the risk of involvement in
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, but not nearly as costly as the solution that selective engagers propose. Harvey M. Sapolsky et al is a professor of public policy and organization at MIT. Benjamin H. Friedman is a research fellow in defense and homeland security studies at Cato Institute. Eugene Gholz is an associate professor of public affairs at the University of Texas at Austin. Daryl G. Press is an associate professor of government at Dartmouth College. World Affairs Fall 2009 "Restraining Order: For Strategic Modesty" http://www.worldaffairsjournal.org/article/restraining-order-strategic-modesty
No nation or ideology now menaces American security in the same ways or to the
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security dole. We need to do less so others will do more. John J. Mearsheimer R. Wendell Harrison Distinguished Service Professor of Political Science, University of Chicago National Interest; Jan/Feb 2011, Issue 111, p16-34, 19p EBSCO
If all of this were not enough, global dominance, especially the Bush administration’s
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resist this advice and keep threatening states that will not follow Washington’s orders. Joseph M. Parent Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Miami. Paul K. Macdonald is Assistant Professor of Political Science at Wellesley College. Nov/Dec 2011, Vol. 90, Issue 6 Foreign Affairs "The Wisdom of Retrenchment" Ebsco
Although Russia continues to meddle in its near abroad and has employed oil and gas
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repositioning others to Guam or Hawaii would achieve the same results more efficiently. Joseph M. Parent Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Miami. Paul K. Macdonald is Assistant Professor of Political Science at Wellesley College. Nov/Dec 2011, Vol. 90, Issue 6 Foreign Affairs "The Wisdom of Retrenchment" Ebsco
A somewhat more compelling concern raised by opponents of retrenchment is that the policy might
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the United States, such as al Qaeda, want it to fall. Paul K. MacDonald is Assistant Professor of Political Science at Wellesley College and Joseph M. Parent is Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Miami. Spring 2012 International Security "Correspondence: Decline and Retrenchment—Peril or Promise?" Volume 36 Number 4 pg 197-203
The obvious impetus for examining decline and retrenchment is to offer provisional guidance for contemporary
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it is all the more telling that they tend to do so quickly. Richard N. Haass is president of the Council on Foreign Relations January/February 2012 The American Interest "The Restoration Doctrine" http://the-american-interest.com/article.cfm?piece=1164
But the bottom line is that integration, however desirable, is more an aspiration
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long-term, is an idea whose time has not yet come. Harvey M. Sapolsky et al is a professor of public policy and organization at MIT. Benjamin H. Friedman is a research fellow in defense and homeland security studies at Cato Institute. Eugene Gholz is an associate professor of public affairs at the University of Texas at Austin. Daryl G. Press is an associate professor of government at Dartmouth College. World Affairs Fall 2009 "Restraining Order: For Strategic Modesty" http://www.worldaffairsjournal.org/article/restraining-order-strategic-modesty
Some policy analysts suggest that political instability abroad would disrupt the global economy, interfering
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, constantly changing web that needs no global policeman to direct its traffic. Paul K. MacDonald is Assistant Professor of Political Science at Williams College and Joseph M. Parent is Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of Miami Spring 2011 International Security "Graceful Decline? The Surprising Success of Great Power Retrenchment" Volume 35 Number 4 pg 7-44
Based on our universe of cases, the predictions of retrenchment pessimists receive little support
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could have done to stay aloft, even with the benefit of hindsight. Charles A. Kupchan is professor of International Affairs at Georgetown University and senior fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations. And Adam Mount is a doctoral candidate in the Department of Government at Georgetown University spring 2009 Democracy Journal "The Autonomy Rule" http://www.democracyjournal.org/pdf/12/Kupchan.pdf
The era that opened with the promulgation of the Atlantic Charter may well be drawing
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rather than Western primacy and the single-minded pursuit of universal democracy. Yu 9, Victoria Yu, Dartmouth Journal of Undergraduate Science, "Human Extinction: The Uncertainty of Our Fate", 5-22-09 http://dujs.dartmouth.edu/spring-2009/human-extinction-the-uncertainty-of-our-fate
A pandemic will kill off all humans. In the past, humans have indeed
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could only infect birds — into a human-viable strain (10). David Bearce (Associate Professor of Political Science at Pittsburg University) 2003 "Grasping the commercial institutional peace" ebsco
Even as we accept that such trade dispute settlement mechanisms help resolve economic conflict,
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to explain this relationship. The next section will address this theoretical gap. Yoram Haftel (Department of Political Science University of Illinois-Chicago) 2004 "From the Outside Looking In" ebsco
These findings have several theoretical implications as well. First, as my empirical analysis
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conflict’’ and to make a more elaborated distinction between economic conflicts and military conflicts |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: NDT | Round: 4 | Opponent: George Mason KL | Judge: Ahmed and Walmsley ’8 S. Amer, graduate student of the Center for Global Trade Analysis, Purdue University and Terrie L., Research Assistant Professor and Director of the Center for Global Trade Analysis, Purdue University. February."The liberalization of Temporary migration: India’s story" Originally presented at the 9th annual conference on global economics analysis in 2006. Online
Due to the politically sensitive nature of any migration policy, Mode 4 has seen
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to dissuade them from going overseas and to lure back return migrant workers. Mamoon and Murshed ’10 Dawood and Mansoob "the conflict mitigating effects of trade in the India-Pakistan case" http://www.springerlink.com/content/4736rl34w118q532/fulltext.pdf Online
However, if India is able to export or import more, this would at
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though recently Pakistan has edged towards greater democracy with elections in February 2008. ACIR ’7 (December 4, 2007 THE AGRICULTURE COALITION FOR IMMIGRATION REFORM Dear Member of Congress: The Agriculture Coalition for Immigration Reform (ACIR) is
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important reforms that would provide for a stable and legal farm labor force. COC 9 (COMPETE – Council on Competitiveness, "Mobilizing a World-Class Energy Workforce," Dec., http://www.compete.org/images/uploads/File/PDF%20Files/CoC_-_Pillar_6_Handout_-_Mobilizing_a_World-Class_Energy_Workforce,_Dec09.pdf-http://www.compete.org/images/uploads/File/PDF Files/CoC_-_Pillar_6_Handout_-_Mobilizing_a_World-Class_Energy_Workforce,_Dec09.pdf ) America currently lacks an energy workforce of sufficient size and capabilities to meet the needs
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working closely with educational institutions as¶ well as within their own organizations. Tim Gaynor Senators say they expect to deliver immigration bill March 27, 2013| | Reuters
http://articles.chicagotribune.com/2013-03-27/news/sns-rt-us-usa-immigration-senatebre92q17z-20130327_1_immigration-bill-immigration-reform-millions-of-illegal-immigrants
¶ The senators are trying to create metrics for defining whether the border is secure
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also working on an immigration bill that would provide a path to citizenship. Guest worker and wage disputes will be resolved and not derail passageDavid Nakamura, Updated: Thursday, March 28, 9:00 PM http://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/dispute-over-guest-worker-program-puts-immigration-talks-at-risk/2013/03/28/d68bee2c-96ee-11e2-814b-063623d80a60_story.html
The senators maintain that the negotiations continue to move forward. Four members of the
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will throw business to the wolves and throw future immigrants under the bus." Rachelle Younglai 3-28 http://www.bayoubuzz.com/us-news/item/381105-organized-labor-says-closer-to-deal-on-immigration-reform
U.S. labor unions said on Thursday they were closer to resolving problems
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Chamber , the biggest business lobby, said unions were jeopardizing the immigration reform JENNIFER EPSTEIN | 3/27/13 6:30 PM EDT Obama renews push on immigration reform http://www.politico.com/politico44/2013/03/obama-renews-push-on-immigration-reform-160372.html
President Obama sought to refocus the political conversation on immigration reform Wednesday in interviews with
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it’ll be good for these families. That’s my number-one priority." Obama still has political capital and is using it wisely – immigration is nextChris Cillizza "Newtown didn’t change the politics of guns" March 22, 2013 http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-fix/wp/2013/03/22/newtown-didnt-change-the-politics-of-guns/
Senate Democrats up for re-election in Republican-leaning states in 2014 —
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ban on high capacity clips) was better than passing nothing at all. Chris Cillizza on March 22, 2013 Newtown didn’t change the politics of guns http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-fix/wp/2013/03/22/newtown-didnt-change-the-politics-of-guns/
And yet, as Newtown disappeared further in the political rearview mirror, the same
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ban on high capacity clips) was better than passing nothing at all. Helicopter Association International, News Staff posted on March 27, 2013 13:04 Could Immigration Be Next for Congress?
http://www.rotor.com/Publications/RotorNews/tabid/843/articleType/ArticleView/articleId/2230/Could-Immigration-Be-Next-for-Congress.aspx
The U.S. Senate is expected to begin debating a sweeping reform bill
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group previously has focused its attention on corporate tax reform and trade policy. By Paul Barrett on March 20, 2013 Five Hard Realities for Gun-Control Proponents
President Barack Obama isn’t serious about pushing gun control. Yes, he has given
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is that he’s keeping his social-reform powder dry for immigration reform. Margaret Ryan August 31 2011 http://energy.aol.com/2011/08/31/tax-break-tactics-divide-renewable-industry/ ¶ But Rhone Resch, executive director of the Solar Energy Industries Association, said the option for conversion was already under discussion in Congress, and had bipartisan support, when it was attached to the stimulus bill as Section 1603.¶ ¶ Now, Resch said, its extension chances are being harmed by the Congressional backlash against anything "stimulus." Koprowski 12 Gene Koprowski, reporter for the Daily Caller, "Obama energy officials funded solar firms despite ’junk bond’ ratings from S%26P, Fitch", March 31st, 2012, http://dailycaller.com/2012/03/31/obama-energy-officials-funded-solar-firms-despite-junk-bond-ratings-from-sp-fitch/
"The markets were expressing a sense of caution on these firms," Jeffrey
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energy" loans made by the Energy Department during the last three years. Wyler 7/18, Grace Wyler, reporter at Business Insider, "Another Obama-Funded Solar Plant Goes Under, And Republicans Are Already Pouncing", July 18th, 2012, http://www.businessinsider.com/obama-clean-energy-funds-amonix-solar-plant-closes-republicans-attack-2012-7-http://www.businessinsider.com/obama-clean-energy-funds-amonix-solar-plant-closes-republicans-attack-2012-7
The Las Vegas Review Journal reports today that Amonix, a California-based solar
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, whose company, The Westly Group, has also invested in Amonix. Nicholas and Hook 10 Peter Nicholas and Janet Hook, "Obama the Velcro President," LOS ANGELES TIMES, 7—30—10, http://articles.latimes.com/2010/jul/30/nation/la-na-velcro-presidency-20100730/3-http://articles.latimes.com/2010/jul/30/nation/la-na-velcro-presidency-20100730/3, accessed 8-22-11.
If Ronald Reagan was the classic Teflon president, Barack Obama is made of Velcro
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the face of the oil spill. The buck stops with his office." Mathews and Todd, 2009 (Chris and Todd, political director at NBC, Hardball, June 22, google)
MATTHEWS: What are the political stakes for Obama get health care passed this year
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is what defines those first two years when you look back on it. Matthew N. Eisler, Research Fellow at the Center for Contemporary History and Policy at the Chemical Heritage Foundation, 12 ~"Science, Silver Buckshot, and ’All of The Above’" Science Progress, April 2, http://scienceprogress.org/2012/04/science-silver-buckshot-and-%E2%80%9Call-of-the-above%E2%80%9D/~~
Conservatives take President Obama’s rhetoric at face value. Progressives see the president as disingenuous
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will probably mean four more years of inaction and increased resort to cant.
accommodation. |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: NDT | Round: 6 | Opponent: Iowa CK | Judge:
Procurement is not a financial incentive
Czinkota et al, 9 - Associate Professor at the McDonough School of Business at Georgetown University (Michael, Fundamentals of International Business, p. 69 – google books) Incentives offered by policymakers to facilitate foreign investments are mainly of three types: fiscal
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import quotas, and local content requirements, and investments in infrastructure facilities. Feed-in tariffs are distinct from financial incentives – they are government procurement
Marie Wilke (International Centre for Trade and Sustainable Development) November 2011 "Feed-in Tariffs for Renewable Energy and WTO Subsidy Rules" http://ictsd.org/downloads/2011/11/feed-in-tariffs-for-renewable-energy-and-wto-subsidy-rules.pdf
Feed-in tariffs differ substantially from the classical examples of a subsidy such as
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of this provision with WTO government procurement provisions, see box 3 below. The advantage to our interp is limits- there are almost infinite incentives- only by limiting to financial incentives can the neg have any hope of keeping up with the number of mechanisms procurement is uniquely bad because it does not require commercialization- key to energy DA’s which are fundamental to the topic- also key to energy market DA’s like electricity prices They expand limits to any rule that also requires spending by the governmentSchoofs ’4 (Sam Schoofs, Calvin College, 2004, Washington Internships for Students of Engineering Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, 6 August 2004 "A federal Renewable Portfolio Standard: Policy Analysis and Proposal")
D. Renewable Energy Policy Overview There are two main categories of renewable energy policies
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financial incentives ~12~. Seven states currently have equipment certification programs in place B. It’s a precursor—education is inevitable, unfocused education isn’t productive. Limits determine the direction and productivity of learning.Arrington 2009 (Rebecca, UVA Today, "Study Finds That Students Benefit From Depth, Rather Than Breadth, in High School Science Courses" March 4)
A recent study reports that high school students who study fewer science topics, but
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impacted twice as much as those in courses that touched on every major topic Turns their offense—limits are vital to creativity and innovationDavid Intrator (President of The Creative Organization) October 21, 2010 "Thinking Inside the Box," http://www.trainingmag.com/article/thinking-inside-box
One of the most pernicious myths about creativity, one that seriously inhibits creative thinking
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simply don’t fit into the rules you’re creating as you build your box. Reasonability is impossible – it’s arbitrary and undermines research and preparationResnick, assistant professor of political science – Yeshiva University, ’1
(Evan, "Defining Engagement," Journal of International Affairs, Vol. 54, Iss. 2)
In matters of national security, establishing a clear definition of terms is a precondition
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"engagement," they undermine the ability to build an effective foreign policy. |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: NDT | Round: 6 | Opponent: Iowa CK | Judge:
The United States Federal Government should establish a coordinating body within the Department of Energy to develop a competitive, performance-based procurement standard for technology for qualifying facilities that is distributed generation and has no carbon emissions.
The DOE should create a reverse auction for contracts with energy project developers to supply the technology that meets these requirements at lowest cost. Contracts should be awarded through a series of six monthly auctions, with contracts awarded to any companies that meet these performance requirements at the lowest cost, and demonstrate decreasing costs and continued performance over multiple auction rounds. Solves the aff without picking winners—competition over a portfolio of tech substantially reduces energy cost
Wood, 12 – Gratten Institute Program Director (Australia) (Tony, "Building the bridge: A practical plan for a low-cost, low-emissions energy future" http://grattan.edu.au/static/files/assets/a8778779/Building_the_bridge_report.pdf-http://grattan.edu.au/static/files/assets/a8778779/Building_the_bridge_report.pdf
Governments must address these market failures, beyond putting a price on carbon. They
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, government should withdraw support, beyond a well-managed carbon price.
Early lifecycle competition is key to innovation – plan is procurement disaster and causes lock-in
Hansen, 3 – LTC, US Army (Richard, "COMPETITION: A MEANS TO TRANSFORM THE DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE," USAWC STRATEGY RESEARCH PROJECT,
http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA415099%26Location=U2%26doc=GetTRDoc.pdf)
Increased industrial competition can be beneficial throughout the defense acquisition lifecycle, provided the benefits
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upfront systems engineering coupled with a lack of competition can lead to disaster.
Innovation key to solve great power war
Baru 9 - Visiting Professor at the Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy in Singapore (Sanjaya, "Year of the power shift?,"
http://www.india-seminar.com/2009/593/593_sanjaya_baru.htm
In the modern era, the idea that strong economic performance is the foundation of
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economic growth and military power – the classic ’guns vs butter’ dilemma. Cantarelli, 11 (11/28, Chantal, Delft University of Technology, "Cost Overruns in Large-Scale Transport Infrastructure Projects," Dutch Ministry of Infrastructure and the Environment) Moreover, cost overruns are considered problematic for the following four reasons (Flyvbjerg et
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that it even may destabilise the finances of a whole country or region. Eland, 1 - director of defense policy studies at the Cato Institute (Ivan, "Reforming a Defense Industry Rife with Socialism, Industrial Policy, and Excessive Regulation" 12/20, http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/pa-421es.html-http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/pa-421es.html)
In DoD and congressional circles, so-called competition has become an end in
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policy with winner-take-all competitions at the prime contractor level. The CP is less than the plan- it doesn’t specify which technology will accomplish the goals and thus which tech will be bought- the aff gets solvency deficits based on the governments ability to pick the right tech and externalities of a less cost competitive techA wide array of possible technology exists – the CP induces competition between all of them, and reduces overall costs – even if the plan is eventually adopted – it’s adopted with greater overall innovationJenkins et al, 11 – Director of Energy and Climate Policy at the Breakthrough Institute (Jesse, "A NATIONAL CLEAN ENERGY TESTBEDS PROGRAM" November, http://thebreakthrough.org/blog/Testbeds.pdf-http://thebreakthrough.org/blog/Testbeds.pdf)
N-CET’s first step would be an assessment of the status of advanced energy
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a guide and testbed in the country’s search for effective advanced energy technologies.
Process over product – this counterplan encourages the development of better researched and planned policies and is vital to being a competent advocate for energy policy – the alternative is policy failureNolon 11 – Associate Professor of Law and Dispute Resolution Program Director, Vermont Law School
(Sean, "NEGOTIATING THE WIND: A FRAMEWORK TO ENGAGE CITIZENS IN SITING WIND TURBINES", http://cojcr.org/vol12no2/327-372.pdf-http://cojcr.org/vol12no2/327-372.pdf, dml) Despite demonstrated need and available technology, the promise of wind energy has yet to
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citizens and provide the substrate on which a satisfactory solution can be reached. resolved —- it means permanence and certaintyGoogle Dictionary, 12-
~"Define Resolved" https://www.google.com/search?q=define+resolved%26ie=utf-8%26oe=utf-8%26aq=t%26rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official%26client=firefox-a-https://www.google.com/search?q=define+resolved%26ie=utf-8%26oe=utf-8%26aq=t%26rls=org.mozilla:en-US:official%26client=firefox-a~~
Firmly determined to do something. Dictionary.com (www.dictionary.com/browsed/resolved-http://www.dictionary.com/browsed/resolved
Resolve:
to come to a definite or earnest decision about; determine (to do something): I have resolved that I shall live to the full. Summers, 94-
~Justice – Oklahoma Supreme Court, "Kelsey v. Dollarsaver Food Warehouse of Durant", 1994 OK 123, 11-8, http://www.oscn.net/applications/oscn/DeliverDocument.asp?CiteID=20287~~%23marker3fn13-http://www.oscn.net/applications/oscn/DeliverDocument.asp?CiteID=20287~~ ¶4 The legal question to be resolved by the court is whether the word
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. 336, 337, 27 L.Ed. 201 (1882). ACORE, 12 – American Council on Renewable Energy "Reverse Auctions for Renewable Energy Smart Policy in Everyone’s Best Interest" 5/29, http://www.google.com/url?sa=t%26rct=j%26q=%26esrc=s%26source=web%26cd=1%26cad=rja%26ved=0CDcQFjAA%26url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.acore.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2012%2F06%2FReverse-Auctions-for-Renewable-Energy-5.29.12.docx%26ei=Hf-LUMjuELTI0AHDiIHQCQ%26usg=AFQjCNG4jwxCIPdfUR8s7ctf4QNhSb5mJw-http://www.google.com/url?sa=t%26rct=j%26q=%26esrc=s%26source=web%26cd=1%26cad=rja%26ved=0CDcQFjAA%26url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.acore.org%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2012%2F06%2FReverse-Auctions-for-Renewable-Energy-5.29.12.docx%26ei=Hf-LUMjuELTI0AHDiIHQCQ%26usg=AFQjCNG4jwxCIPdfUR8s7ctf4QNhSb5mJw
The renewables sector should look beyond its support of tax-based support policy mechanisms
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sustainable long-term growth of this industry in the U.S. Trabish, 12 – edits NewEnergy News (Herman, "TODAY’S STUDY: THE BACKING NEW ENERGY IS GETTING AND THE BACKING IT NEEDS" 5/7, http://newenergynews.blogspot.com/2012/05/todays-study-backing-new-energy-is.html-http://newenergynews.blogspot.com/2012/05/todays-study-backing-new-energy-is.html)
Cost competitiveness is achievable, but until technological innovation and cost declines can secure independence
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the only real pathway beyond the cycle of clean tech boom and bust. Hansen, 3 – LTC, US Army (Richard, "COMPETITION: A MEANS TO TRANSFORM THE DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE," USAWC STRATEGY RESEARCH PROJECT,
http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA415099%26Location=U2%26doc=GetTRDoc.pdf)
Our current defense acquisition environment has received much harsh criticism. The population of skeptics
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and created a lack of confidence among some of our most senior leaders. Turns case and solves betterHansen, 3 – LTC, US Army (Richard, "COMPETITION: A MEANS TO TRANSFORM THE DEFENSE INDUSTRIAL BASE," USAWC STRATEGY RESEARCH PROJECT,
http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA415099%26Location=U2%26doc=GetTRDoc.pdf)
Competition can help reduce cycle times, lower costs, and improve innovation and weapon
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marketplace—-in this case the warfighter—in the shortest time practicable. Martino 7 – founder and chairman of the board of Cyber Technology Group, author of numerous books on finance (Rocco, A Strategy for Success: Innovation Will Renew American Leadership, http://www.fpri.org/orbis/5102/martino.innovationamericanleadership.pdf-http://www.fpri.org/orbis/5102/martino.innovationamericanleadership.pdf,)
The United States of course faced great challenges to its security and economy in the
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to prevail over the contemporary challenges involving economic competitiveness and energy dependence. Drezner 2001 Daniel Drezner (professor of international politics at The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University) 2001 "State structurdae, technological leadership and the maintenance of hegemony" http://www.danieldrezner.com/research/tech.pdf
In this decade, proponents of globalization argue that because information and capital are mobile
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leading to a period of strife until a new hegemonic power is found. Their EPA and other thumpers establish he’s going to be doing stuff on energy now, there’s no real reason why that doesn’t solve—- their evidence is just some commie smart planet blogger ranting about the affNicholas and Hook 10 Peter Nicholas and Janet Hook, "Obama the Velcro President," LOS ANGELES TIMES, 7—30—10, http://articles.latimes.com/2010/jul/30/nation/la-na-velcro-presidency-20100730/3-http://articles.latimes.com/2010/jul/30/nation/la-na-velcro-presidency-20100730/3, accessed 8-22-11.
If Ronald Reagan was the classic Teflon president, Barack Obama is made of Velcro
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the face of the oil spill. The buck stops with his office." No risk of great power conflict in Central Asia: incentives to de-escalate and stable balance of powerZhao Huasheng, director of the Center for Russia and Central Asia Studies at Fudan University, February 2005, CEF Quarterly, http://www.silkroadstudies.org/new/docs/CEF/CEF_Quarterly_Winter_2005.doc.pdf, p. 31
China, Russia, and the United States will not go to open confrontation for
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for the balance of power and not for open confrontation in any forms. |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: NDT | Round: 6 | Opponent: Iowa CK | Judge:
Electricity prices are dropping and will stay low
Dallas Burtraw, one of the nation’s foremost experts on environmental regulation in the electricity sector, and studies electricity restructuring, competition, and economic deregulation, "Falling Emissions and Falling Prices: Expectations for the Domestic Natural Gas Boom," Common Resources, August 21, 2012, http://common-resources.org/2012/falling-emissions-and-falling-prices-expectations-for-the-domestic-natural-gas-boom/-http://common-resources.org/2012/falling-emissions-and-falling-prices-expectations-for-the-domestic-natural-gas-boom/, accessed 10-25-2012.
Moreover, the boom in domestic natural gas production could have even more immediate affects
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.8 Billion (real %242009) in savings projected for 2020.
Feed in tariffs jack up prices by %24500 a person
IER 2012 "Spain Halts Feed-In-Tariffs for Renewable Energy" April 9, 2012 http://www.instituteforenergyresearch.org/2012/04/09/spain-halts-feed-in-tariffs-for-renewable-energy/
Beginning next year, Spain will halt new feed-in-tariff (FIT
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. To put this in context, this is %24520 per Spaniard.
This causes a depression
Entine, 9 – adjunct fellow at the American Enterprise Institute (Jon, "U.S. and Climate Change—Rescue of the Planet Postponed?", 2/24, http://aei.org/publications/filter.all,pubID.29333/pub_detail.asp-http://aei.org/publications/filter.all,pubID.29333/pub_detail.asp)
The correlation between economic growth and energy costs is high and negative; when energy
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If that happens, both the economy and the environment will be losers. Global war
Harris and Burrows, 9 – *counselor in the National Intelligence Council, the principal drafter of Global Trends 2025, member of the NIC’s Long Range Analysis Unit "Revisiting the Future: Geopolitical Effects of the Financial Crisis", Washington Quarterly, http://www.twq.com/09april/docs/09apr_burrows.pdf)
Increased Potential for Global Conflict¶ Of course, the report encompasses more than economics
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within and between states in a more dog-eat-dog world. |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: NDT | Round: 6 | Opponent: Iowa CK | Judge:
Immigration reform will pass now but political capital key
Gary Martin Published 7:40 pm, Thursday, March 28, 2013 Immigration reform gaining support in Congress Read more: http://www.ctpost.com/local/article/Immigration-reform-gaining-support-in-Congress-4393187.php~~%23ixzz2OtaMmqbj-http://www.ctpost.com/local/article/Immigration-reform-gaining-support-in-Congress-4393187.php
A Republican Party in desperate search for relevance to Latino voters. An expanded Democratic
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rally support, said Sue Chinn, campaign manager for Alliance for Citizenship.
Feed in tariffs cost capital
ANNE C. MULKERN, Greenwire¶ Published: March 24, 2009 http://www.nytimes.com/gwire/2009/03/24/24greenwire-some-see-daylight-at-last-for-us-feedin-tariff-10271.html?pagewanted=all
A feed-in tariff offers an incentive for ramping up renewable energy. Utilities
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might not be a political appetite for a fight over a national tariff.
CIR key to Latin American stability
Gittelson ’9 (Citation: 23 Notre Dame J.L. Ethics %26 Pub. Pol’y 115 2009 THE CENTRISTS AGAINST THE IDEOLOGUES: WHAT ARE THE FALSEHOODS THAT DIVIDE AMERICANS ON THE ISSUE OF COMPREHENSIVE IMMIGRATION REFORM Robert Gittelson has been a garment manufacturer in the Los Angeles area for over twenty-five years. His wife, Patricia Gittelson, is an immigration attorney with offices in Van Nuys and Oxnard, California. Robert also works closely with Patricia on the administrative side of her immigration practice. Throughout his career, Mr. Gittelson has developed practical, first-hand experience in dealing with the immigration issues that are challenging our country today.
In the alternative, should we fail to pass CIR, and instead opt to
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of cooperation can we expect in our battle to secure our southern border? Extinction
Manwaring ’5 (Max G., Retired U.S. Army colonel and an Adjunct Professor of International Politics at Dickinson College, venezuela’s hugo chávez, bolivarian socialism, and asymmetric warfare, October 2005, pg. PUB628.pdf) President Chávez also understands that the process leading to state failure is the most dangerous
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and their associated problems endanger global security, peace, and prosperity.65 |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: NDT | Round: 6 | Opponent: Iowa CK | Judge:
Climate alarmism is founded on faulty science – their methods violate 81% of forecasting principles – their approach is apocalyptic, not scientific
J. Scott Armstrong et. al, 2011, is an author, forecasting and marketing expert, and a professor of Marketing at the Wharton School of the University of Pennsylvania, Founder of the International Journal of Forecasting, Kesten C. Green is a PhD, Senior Lecturer, Managerial Economics, International Graduate School of Business, and Senior Research Associate of the Ehrenberg-Bass Institute for Marketing Science, University of South Australia, and Willie Soon is an astrophysicist at the Solar and Stellar Physics Division of the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, has been chief science adviser to the Science and Public Policy Institute, Energy %26 Environment, Vol. 22 Issue 8, "Research on Forecasting for the Manmade Global Warming Alarm," p. 1091-2, Ebsco Host
The validity of the manmade global warming alarm requires the support of scientific forecasts of
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the 23 interventions was effective and harm was caused by 20 of them.
No biodiversity impact*
Kareiva 2012 (Peter Kareiva, Michelle Marvier, professor and department chair of Environment Studies and Sciences at Santa Clara University, Robert Lalasz, director of science communications for The Nature Conservancy, Winter, "Conservation in the Anthropocene," http://thebreakthrough.org/index.php/journal/past-issues/issue-2/conservation-in-the-anthropocene/)
2. As conservation became a global enterprise in the 1970s and 1980s, the
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at least not in the last thousand years, and arguably even longer. Solar doesn’t reduce emissions – empirics
Marques et al., University of Beira Economics Department, 12
(António Cardoso Marques and José Alberto Fuinhas, University of Beira Interior, Management and Economics Department and NECE, "Is renewable energy effective in promoting growth?," Energy Policy, Vol. 46, July 2012, p. 434-442, Science Direct) With regard to the connection between reducing emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) and
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energy dependence goals, as suggested by Frondel et al. (2010).
Doesn’t reduce emissions – intermittency
Livermore et al, Scientific Alliance Director, 11
(Martin, Science communications consultant and commentator, Hugh Sharman, Principal of Incoteco ApS, an energy consulting and brokering company, and cofounder of DimWatt.eu, a webbased campaign for energy security, Bryan Leyland, New Zealand-based Consulting Engineer specialising inhydropower, power systems and markets, "Renewable Energy Vision or Mirage?," http://www.adamsmith.org/sites/default/files/research/files/ASI_renewables_report_colour_web.pdf-http://www.adamsmith.org/sites/default/files/research/files/ASI_renewables_report_colour_web.pdf) As renewable energy sources produce power intermittently, they cannot replace gas, coal and
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most viable energy sources to avoid a capacity crisis in the near future.¶ Walter Cunningham (United States Marine Corps, National Aeronautics and Space Administration - pilot of Apollo 7, graduate degrees from UCLA in physics and the Harvard Graduate School of Business, member of the Advisory Board for the National Renewable Energy Laboratory) 2010 "Global Warming: Facts versus Faith" The Heartland Institute
More than 31,000 scientists in the United States have signed a petition saying
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crop harvests and larger and healthier forests— results environmentalists used to like. Thomas Fuller July 6, 2010. "Global warming, uncertainty, tipping points and the precautionary principle" Environmental Policy Examiner. http://www.examiner.com/environmental-policy-in-national/global-warming-uncertainty-tipping-points-and-the-precautionary-principle
Others are more optimistic, and say that if we act right now, but
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Tipping Points and the Precautionary Principle and assume that that closes the conversation. Thomas Bernauera et al (Center for Comparative and International Studies (CIS) and Institute for Environmental Decisions (IED) and b University of Bern Department of Economics and Oeschger Institute for Climate Change Research) 2010 "Climate Change, Economic Growth, and Conflict" http://climsec.prio.no/papers/Climate_Conflict_BKKR_Trondheim_2010.pdf
Despite many claims by high-ranking policy-makers and some scientists that climate
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friendly economic growth and democracy can qualify as a no-regrets strategy. Nicholas K. Dulvy, Canadian Research Chair in Marine Biodiversity and Conservation @ Simon Frasier U, Yvonne Sadovy, Prof. of Ecology and Biodiversity @ U of Hong Kong, and John D. Reynolds, Prof. and BC Leadership Chair @ Simon Frasier U, 2003 "Extinction Vulnerability in Marine Populations" Fish and Fisheries Vol. 4 Iss. 1 Pg. 25-64 Wiley InterScience
It has been suggested that marine taxa might be less vulnerable to extinction than terrestrial
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specialized survivors, on a contemporary scale they may still be at risk. Easterbrook 95, Distinguished Fellow, Fullbright Foundation (Gregg, A Moment on Earth pg 25) MI
IN THE AFTERMATH OF EVENTS SUCH AS LOVE CANAL OR THE Exxon Valdez oil spill
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are pinpricks compared to forces of the magnitude nature is accustomed to resisting. |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: NDT | Round: 6 | Opponent: Iowa CK | Judge:
Grid resilient
Koerth-Baker 2012 (Maggie Koerth-Baker, science editor at Boing Boing and NYT columnist, August 3, 2012, "Blackout: What’s wrong with the American grid," http://boingboing.net/2012/08/03/blackout-whats-wrong-with-t.html)
But this is about more than mere bad luck. The real causes of the
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-to-day basis. So we have reserve power for emergencies."
National blackout impossible- isolated regional grids
Jaeger 2012 (Michael Jaeger, August 1, 2012, "Lights out for the U.S. power grid?," Washington Times, Lights out for the U.S. power grid?)
In terms of number of people affected, the largest power grid failure in history
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. Is it likely to happen? No, not likely at all.
Intermittency collapses the grid
PACE 2012 (Partnership for Affordable Clean Energy, coalition of researchers/consumers/trade groups focused on clean energy, January 4, 2012, "U.S. Must Take Reliability Threats Seriously," http://goo.gl/yOZ20)
Among domestic policy issues, electricity policy is unique in a number of ways.
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power more or less reliable. Reliability is far too important to overlook.
Cyberterror threats are exaggerated – too many vested interests for accurate predictions
Jerry Brito (senior research fellow at the Mercatus Center and directs the Technology Policy Program at George Mason University) and Tate Watkins (research associate for the Technology Policy Program and the State and Local Policy Project at George Mason University) April 26, 2011 "Loving the Cyber Bomb? The Dangers of Threat Inflation in Cybersecurity Policy" http://mercatus.org/sites/default/files/publication/WP1124_Loving_cyber_bomb.pdf-http://mercatus.org/sites/default/files/publication/WP1124_Loving_cyber_bomb.pdf
An industrial complex reminiscent of the Cold War’s may be emerging in cybersecurity
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leading to unjustified and superfluous defense spending in the name of national security.
Even new cyberterror therats are exaggerated
Tom Espiner (writer for ZDnet) January 2011 "Cyber-war risk is exaggerated, says OECD study" http://www.zdnet.co.uk/news/security/2011/01/17/cyber-war-risk-is-exaggerated-says-oecd-study-40091451/
In a cyber-warfare report released on Monday, the OECD said that the
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likely to be used in conjunction with other, physical types of attacks.
Internet is insufficient to solve pandemics—- turn—- more likely to download a virus than to download a vaccine—- haha
Extinction impossible
Gregg Easterbrook (a senior fellow at The New Republic) July 2003 "We’re All Gonna Die%21" http://www.wired.com/wired/archive/11.07/doomsday.html?pg=1%26topic=%26topic_set=
Germ warfare%21Like chemical agents, biological weapons have never lived up to their
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out humanity before, and it seems unlikely to happen in the future. Rid 3/13 (Thomas Rid, Reader in War Studies at King’s College London. He also is a non-resident fellow at the Center for Transatlantic Relations, "The Great Cyberscare," Foreign Policy, http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2013/03/13/the_great_cyberscare)
The White House likes a bit of threat. In his State of the Union
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used Words of Estimative Probability, as professional intelligence analysts would have done. Barrett 2012 (Michael Barrett, Lexington Institute, October 2012, "ensuring the Resilience of the U.s. electrical Grid¶ Part I: Fixing It Before It Breaks," http://www.lexingtoninstitute.org/library/resources/documents/Energy/ElectricalGrid-Barrett_PartI.pdf)
While the power generation and delivery process ¶ described above seems reasonably straightforward, ¶
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months until the problems in ¶ any given affected regional grid are remedied. Marusek 2007 (James A. Marusek, Nuclear Physicist and Engineer, Impact, "Solar Storm Threat Analysis," 2007, http://www.breadandbutterscience.com/SSTA.pdf)
But as the intensity of a solar storm increases it develops the capacity to create
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term blackout will have a very profound effect on the fabric of society. Marusek 2007 (James A. Marusek, Nuclear Physicist and Engineer, Impact, "Solar Storm Threat Analysis," 2007, http://www.breadandbutterscience.com/SSTA.pdf)
There is a singular aspect present in the very largest solar storms that has the
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infrastructure could be resolved in the order of weeks rather than in years. |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: NDT | Round: 6 | Opponent: Iowa CK | Judge: China will remain dependent on coal
Chameides 2013 (Bill Chameides, Dean, Duke University’s Nicholas School of the Environment, February 18, 2013, "Old Wang Coal?," http://www.huffingtonpost.com/bill-chameides/old-wang-coal_b_2711152.html)
Because coal is cheap and abundant, it is one of the world’s most widely
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China’s coal usage while maintaining that economic growth will be no easy feat.
But coal imports solve environmental protests
Tu 2012 ~Kevin Tu senior associate energy and climate program Carnegie Endowment for International Peace 2-16-2012 "Understanding China’s Rising Coal Imports" http://carnegieendowment.org/2012/02/16/understanding-china-s-rising-coal-imports~~%23~~
The environment could also play a part in China’s coal-importing decisions. Importing coal from overseas markets might enable the Chinese central government to close down many small and inefficient mines and prevent similar mines from being opened up, thereby protecting local environments.
CCP is extremely resilient
Mattis 2012 (Peter Mattis, Editor of China Brief at The Jamestown Foundation, M.A. in Security Studies from the Georgetown University’s School of Foreign Service, February 9, 2012, "The Foundations of China’s Future Stability," Asia Pacific Bulletin, East-West Center, http://www.eastwestcenter.org/sites/default/files/private/apb149_1.pdf)
Point predictions offer little value unless the factors underpinning the state’s power and the CCP’s
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worth noting some moribund Chinese dynasties survived for several centuries using these tactics.
CCP collapse is peaceful
Li 9/14 (Li Jianfeng, September 14, 2012, "The Instability of China’s Authoritarian Regime," Epoch Times, http://www.theepochtimes.com/n2/opinion/the-instability-of-chinas-authoritarian-regime-292354.html)
Some worry that if the CCP were to collapse it would lead to large-
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confronted with the facts of its 60-years of rule of terror.
Shared interests keep relations stable, overwhelm all other issues.
Winny Chen, 2010 (Testing Time for U.S.-China Relations, http://www.americanprogress.org/issues/2010/02/china_relations.html)
Unfortunately, President Obama’s conciliatory approach just postponed the already existing friction in U.
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focused on our shared interests and to keep working toward a mature relationship. No US/China war—It’s in neither country’s best interest
Ackerman 2011 (Robert Ackerman, May 10, 2011, "War Between China, U.S. Not Likely," http://www.afcea.org/signal/signalscape/index.php/2011/05/10/11510/)
The United States and China are not likely to go to war with each other
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of refugees streaming into Manchuria, which has economic problems of its own. No Regime Risk - CCP Concessions, Scattering Blocks Protest Consolidation, and Economic Problems will be ShortDinah Gardner, @ Al Jazeera English, 2009 ~Chinese brace for financial fallout, http://english.aljazeera.net/focus/2009/01/20091782430904431.html-http://english.aljazeera.net/focus/2009/01/20091782430904431.html, January 7, 2009,FOCUS: CHINA~
The government will employ a mixture of force and concessions to control any protests,
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a pretty rosy future, even though the year ahead will be difficult." CCP regime is stable and resilientFriedman 2007 (Edward Friedman, PhD Political Science at the University of Wisconsin, "China’s Rise, Democracy’s Decline." April 20, 2007. Online)
In the post-WW I era, east and central Europe were dominated by
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-regime movements and general strikes. Through it all, the regime survived Friedman 2007 (Edward Friedman, PhD Political Science at the University of Wisconsin, "China’s Rise, Democracy’s Decline." April 20, 2007. Online)
In sum, China will reform within its own authoritarian parameters. It will not
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rate. It will not break-down. It will not soon democratize Friedman 2007 (Edward Friedman, PhD Political Science at the University of Wisconsin, "China’s Rise, Democracy’s Decline." April 20, 2007. Online)
In stressing differences with the consensus, I will argue against the mainstreamview that today’s
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do anything but try to build a world which is safe for them. |
| 03/31/2013 | Tournament: NDT | Round: 8 | Opponent: Towson JR | Judge: Cram, Matheson, Geoff Lundeen UNCTAD, 4 - UNITED NATIONS CONFERENCE ON TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT ("INCENTIVES" http://unctad.org/en/docs/iteiit20035_en.pdf) There is no uniform definition of what constitutes an "investment incentive". (Box
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market preferences and regulatory concessions, including exemptions from labour or environmental standards. Words %26 Phrases 2004 v37A p410 N.D.Okla. 1939. "Restriction," as used in the statutes concerning restriction on alienation of lands inherited from deceased Osage allottees, is synonymous with "prohibition." Act April J8, 1912. §§ 6, 7, 37 Stat. 87, 88.—U.S. v. Mullendore, 30 F.Supp. 13, appeal dismissed 111 F.2d 898.— Indians 15(1). Rombouts 2006 Is Cumulative Fossil Energy Demand a Useful Indicator for the Environmental Performance of Products? M A R K A . J ., * HUIJBREGTS , † L I N D A J . A . R O M B O U T S , † S T E F A N I E H E L L W E G , ‡ R O L F F R I S C H K N E C H T , § A . J A N H E N D R I K S , † D I K V A N D E M E E N T , † , | A D M . J . R A G A S , † L U C A S R E I J N D E R S , ⊥ A N D J A A P S T R U I J S | Department of Environmental Science, Institute for Wetland and Water Research, Faculty of Science, Radboud University Nijmegen, P.O. Box 9010, NL-6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands, Institute for Chemical- and Bioengineering, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zu¨rich, CH-8093 Zu¨rich, Switzerland, Ecoinvent Centre, Ueberlandstrasse 129, CH-8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland, Laboratory for Ecological Risk Assessment, National Institute of Public Health and the Environment, P.O. Box 1, NL-3720 BA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands, and Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, University of Amsterdam, Nieuwe Achtergracht 166, NL-1018 WV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands 2006 American Chemical Society VOL. 40, NO. 3, 2006 / ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE %26 TECHNOLOGY 9 641 http://pubs.acs.org/doi/pdf/10.1021/es051689g The appropriateness of the fossil Cumulative Energy Demand (CED) as an indicator for
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landfill leachates, radionuclide emissions, and land use in agriculture and forestry. Steinberg, lecturer of communication studies – University of Miami, and Freeley, Boston based attorney who focuses on criminal, personal injury and civil rights law, ’8 (David L. and Austin J., Argumentation and Debate: Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision Making p. 45) Debate is a means of settling differences, so there must be a difference of
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particular point of difference, which will be outlined in the following discussion. Decisionmaking is the most portable skill—key to all facets of life and advocacySteinberg, lecturer of communication studies – University of Miami, and Freeley, Boston based attorney who focuses on criminal, personal injury and civil rights law, ’8 (David L. and Austin J., Argumentation and Debate: Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision Making p. 9-10) After several days of intense debate, first the United States House of Representatives and
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customer for out product, or a vote for our favored political candidate. 2. Limits—resolutional limits encourage AFF innovation, predictive research on a designated topic, and clash—a precursor to productive education. Also, the inherent value of arguments within limits is greater, which link turns education arguments.Unbridled affirmation makes research impossible and destroys dialogue in debateHanghoj 8
http://static.sdu.dk/mediafiles/Files/Information_til/Studerende_ved_SDU/Din_uddannelse/phd_hum/afhandlinger/2009/ThorkilHanghoej.pdf¶ Thorkild Hanghøj, Copenhagen, 2008 ¶ Since this PhD project began in 2004, the present author has been affiliated with DREAM (Danish¶ Research Centre on Education and Advanced Media Materials), which is located at the Institute of¶ Literature, Media and Cultural Studies at the University of Southern Denmark. Research visits have¶ taken place at the Centre for Learning, Knowledge, and Interactive Technologies (L-KIT), the¶ Institute of Education at the University of Bristol and the institute formerly known as Learning Lab¶ Denmark at the School of Education, University of Aarhus, where I currently work as an assistant¶ professor. Debate games are often based on pre-designed scenarios that include descriptions of issues
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dialogue as an end in itself" (Wegerif, 2006: 61). If our interpretation is net-beneficial it means there’s no reason to vote affirmative. If the case is true then it de-justifies the resolution. Teams are still signified by ’AFF’ and ’NEG’, so the resolution is a required measurement for ’affirmation.’ It’s also outside your jurisdiction to vote for anything other than yes/no on the rez. |
| 03/31/2013 | Tournament: NDT | Round: 8 | Opponent: Towson JR | Judge: Cram, Matheson, Geoff Lundeen Ebert and Zavarzadeh in 2008 (Teresa L., English, State University of New York, Albany, Mas’ud, prolific writer and expert on class ideology, "Class in Culture", p. 27-29) On the theoretical level, the attacks on labor focused on the material logic:
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ideology. Therefore to understand culture, one needs to look "outside." Capitalism’s preoccupation with endless accumulation will result in total ecological destruction and extinctionFoster 11,~John Bellamy ~ Dec. 2011, Capitalism and the Accumulation of Catastrophe, Monthly Review, Vol. 63 Issue 07, http://monthlyreview.org/2011/12/01/capitalism-and-the-accumulation-of-catastrophe-http://monthlyreview.org/2011/12/01/capitalism-and-the-accumulation-of-catastrophe (Aug 2012) Yet, the continued pursuit of Keynes’s convenient lie over the last eight decades has
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and sustainable human development; a socialism for the twenty-first century. Herod ’4 James Herod author of several books on capitalism and social activist since 1968 Getting Free 2004 http://site.www.umb.edu/faculty/salzman_g/Strate/GetFre/06.htm-http://site.www.umb.edu/faculty/salzman_g/Strate/GetFre/06.htm It is time to try to describe, at first abstractly and later concretely
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who democratically and cooperatively self-determine the shape of their social world. |
| 03/31/2013 | Tournament: NDT | Round: 8 | Opponent: Towson JR | Judge: Cram, Matheson, Geoff Lundeen Brown 2009 (Vincent Brown, Professor of History and of African and African-American¶ Studies at Harvard University. December 2009, ¶ AMERICAN HISTORICAL REVIEW, http://history.fas.harvard.edu/people/faculty/documents/brown-socialdeath.pdf-http://history.fas.harvard.edu/people/faculty/documents/brown-socialdeath.pdf) Like scholars of resistance before him, Rucker effectively refutes any contention that the enslaved
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power of slaveholders, but the very terms and conditions of social existence. Their argument is historically inaccurate and methodologically bankrupt Brandom 2010 (Eric Brandom, Brown v Agamben V. Brown, ’Social Death and Political Life in the Study of Slavery’, The American Historical Review, 114, (2009), http://ebrandom.blogspot.com/2009/12/brown-v-agamben.html-http://ebrandom.blogspot.com/2009/12/brown-v-agamben.html) This essay is most straightforwardly a corrective to what Brown sees as the misuse (
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What I have read leads me to believe that he is entirely correct. Their conception of black identity in America is reductive and inaccurateMcWhorter 2003 (John H. McWhorter, associate professor of linguistics at the University of California, Berkeley, a senior fellow at the Manhattan Institute, and the author of several books, including "Authentically Black: Essays for the Black Silent Majority," March/April 2003, "Double Consciousness in Black America," http://www.cato.org/sites/cato.org/files/serials/files/policy-report/2003/3/mcwhorter.pdf) In The Souls of Black Folk in 1903, W.¶ E. B.
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race¶ relations since the 1960s; by 2000, 58 percent did. Reject racial determinism- it’s disempowering, denies progress and overlooks the history of liberation strugglesMcWhorter 2003 (John H. McWhorter, associate professor of linguistics at the University of California, Berkeley, and the author of several books, including "Authentically Black: Essays for the Black Silent Majority," March/April 2003, "Double Consciousness in Black America," http://www.cato.org/sites/cato.org/files/serials/files/policy-report/2003/3/mcwhorter.pdf) Why is it that so many blacks are uncomfortable acknowledging the successes of¶ the
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it is nothing less than a mantra,¶ spiritually resonant and virtually unquestioned. McWhorter 2003 (John H. McWhorter, associate professor of linguistics at the University of California, Berkeley, and the author of several books, including "Authentically Black: Essays for the Black Silent Majority," March/April 2003, "Double Consciousness in Black America," http://www.cato.org/sites/cato.org/files/serials/files/policy-report/2003/3/mcwhorter.pdf) Where does this new double consciousness come from? It is vital to understand that
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question"¶ that bedevils us will be an issue from the¶ past. |
| 03/31/2013 | Tournament: NDT | Round: 8 | Opponent: Towson JR | Judge: Cram, Matheson, Geoff Lundeen The context of competition undermines every element of social movements and individual growth – the goal of "progress via success" necessitates reduced cooperation and ignores the fact that competitive events can structurally benefit only a select fewThe SocJournal, recognizing that traditional scholarly publication in traditional scholarly journals is limited, slow, and isolated (i.e. sociological research remains hidden behind an academic wall that is impenetrable to most people), the Socjournal aims to bring sociology to the world by providing blog space, regular columns, and academic reports designed to popularize and disseminate the fascinating world of sociological research, 2013. http://www.sociology.org/courses/sociology-288-social-movements/unit-4-competition/ The ideology of competition is the idea, or set of ideas, that support
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the propaganda to the contrary, the vast majority will never win.4 Turns the case – elevation of individuals and their ideas via success AND judges via the ballot reproduces zones of sacrifice with a competitive justificationJeffrey Harrod, March 28, 2013. "Taking notes 16: The rebellion has started,"
http://philoforchange.wordpress.com/tag/social-movements/ Individuals are made the sacrificial victims of reified powers not when society is understood as
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forced to obey the decision without having had any role in making it. Kouros 1997 (George, Yale Law Graduate, And Holds a B.A. in Philosophy from Emory. "Become What You Are") Although the consequences are grave, the administrative practices of biopower go largely unchallenged precisely
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a "happier human being," maintains the conditions for a eugenic nightmare. Argumentative success and persuasion meshes audience with rhetor – the effect of competitive dilemmas on agency precedes your ballot in their favorhttp://www.jacweb.org/Archived_volumes/Text_articles/V4_Long.htm Journal of Advanced Composition Volume 4 ~%231 Editor: Tim D. P. Lally Back to Vol. 4 ToC The Role of Audience in Chaim Perelman’s New Rhetoric Richard Long University of North Carolina 1983 Chaim Perelman, in collaboration with L. Olbrechts-Tyteca, defines argumentation as
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the self as audience, a universal audience, and a particular audience. |
| 03/31/2013 | Tournament: NDT | Round: 8 | Opponent: Towson JR | Judge: Cram, Matheson, Geoff Lundeen Gabrielle McIntire Assistant Professor in the Department of English at Queen’s University Narrative 13.1 (2005) 29-45 Mikhail Bakhtin notes that "in the unity of a monologically perceived and understood world
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meaning, history, language, and event than does its monologic counterpart. Presumption should be an option if their goals are truly misplaced – competitive validation cements the status quo and splinters mobilized activistsThe SocJournal, recognizing that traditional scholarly publication in traditional scholarly journals is limited, slow, and isolated (i.e. sociological research remains hidden behind an academic wall that is impenetrable to most people), the Socjournal aims to bring sociology to the world by providing blog space, regular columns, and academic reports designed to popularize and disseminate the fascinating world of sociological research, 2013. http://www.sociology.org/courses/sociology-288-social-movements/unit-4-competition/ The bottom line here is that the whole ideology of competition fortifies the status quo
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competition demobilizes people and makes even the idea of cooperation difficult to consider. The specter of competition overshadows critical pedagogy – focus on winning cancels out genuine engagement and spurs hyperbole at the expense of compassionAntonia Darder (professor of educational policy studies and Latino/a studies at the University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign) 2009 "Critical pedagogy in uncertain times: hope and possibilities" p. 164-5 In contrast, a critical pedagogy cultivates imagination and seeks to create opportunities to insert
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possibility of critical compassion and revolutionary solidarity in the course for political struggles. Participation-based goals inherently legitimize the institution, especially with rulemaking – institutional alienation through LOSING reveals the potential of actual relationships in contexts where reciprocity is possible, socially and structurally – consider why we forget our Facebook friendships so quickly when we debate each otherJeffrey Harrod, March 28, 2013. "Taking notes 16: The rebellion has started,"
http://philoforchange.wordpress.com/tag/social-movements/ Well-governed societies not only ensure that people are able to survive and (
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by examining key elements of some of the more important declarations and manifestos. Accepting the win regenerates relationships and structures of fealty – decision-making precludes "earned" successRobert Jackall, 1983. "Moral mazes: bureaucracy and managerial world," Harvard Business Review, http://www-rohan.sdsu.edu/faculty/dunnweb/rprnts.jackall.html Credit flows up in this structure and usually is appropriated by the highest ranking officer
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involved in the allocation of blame, a point I shall discuss later. Jeffrey Harrod, March 28, 2013. "Taking notes 16: The rebellion has started,"
http://philoforchange.wordpress.com/tag/social-movements/ Rebellions are special social events. They are special because once they start they never
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subordination. A tactical but failed rebellious challenge is eventually a strategic victory. Only a risk of a turn – legitimating debate as a decision-making body entrenches sovereign control – zeroes the case and adds a bare life impactAnne Caldwell (Assistant Professor in the Department of Political Science at the University of Louisville) 2004 "Bio-Sovereignty and the Emergence of Humanity" Theory %26 Event, Project Muse A sovereign power that acts in the name of and for a life defined solely
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power that has always grounded itself in the capture and valuation of life. Blame is bad – change via ballot simultaneously (1) expands the jurisdiction of bureaucratic forces in debate by casting us down on as a means of fortifying the institution, turning the case and (2) requires false guilty verdicts in order to functionRobert Jackall, 1983. "Moral mazes: bureaucracy and managerial world," Harvard Business Review, http://www-rohan.sdsu.edu/faculty/dunnweb/rprnts.jackall.html By contrast, in 1979 the decision was simple and posed little risk. The
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top by giving them the power to restrict the freedom of those beneath. |
