Tournament: KY | Round: 1 | Opponent: Wake CV | Judge: 

Contention 1: Prolif

Inevitable expansion of nuclear power spurs proliferation

Bernstein and Gerami 12
(Paul Bernstein, Senior Research Fellow in the Center for the Study of Weapons of Mass Destruction (CSWMD) at the National Defense University, and Nina Gerami, Research Fellow in CSWMD, June 2012, "Proliferation Risks of Civilian Nuclear Power Programs" http://wmdcenter.dodlive.mil/files/2012/06/CSWMD-Proceedings-3-FINAL.pdf)
The dual-use nature of the nuclear fuel cycle therefore poses an inherent proliferation
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to the IAEA Additional Protocol, which grants the agency expanded inspection rights.

New proliferators will develop offensive postures that increase the risk of conventional and nuclear conflict

Horowitz, professor of poli sci, 9 —Professor of Political Science at University of Pennsylvania (Michael Horowitz, "The Spread of Nuclear Weapons and International Conflict: Does Experience Matter?" Journal of Conflict Resolution, Volume 53 Number 2, April 2009 pg. 234-257)
This section focuses on how acquiring nuclear weapons influences both the new nuclear state and
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to be effective, increasing the probability that an adversary will not reciprocate.

Proliferation sparks wars that escalate to great power nuclear conflict

Below 08
~Tim D.Q., Wing Commander, RAF; MA in Defence Studies, King’s College London; "Options for US nuclear disarmament: exemplary leadership or extraordinary lunacy?," June 2008, Thesis for School of Advanced Air and Space Studies, Air University Maxwell Air Force Base, Alabama~
Proliferation. Roger Molander, of RAND Corporation, asserts that "in the near
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which is subsequently escalated into nuclear warfare by its allies or their opponents.

Finally, we outweigh your generic theoretical arguments—the risk that we are right in even a single instance easily dwarfs your generic prolif good arguments

Knopf in ’2—department of National Security Affairs @Naval Postgrad School 
~Jeffrey, Department of National Security Affairs at Naval Postgraduate School, Security Studies, "Recasting the Proliferation Optimism-Pessimism Debate", Oct. 2002~
DEVELOPING AND testing theories are core tasks in the social sciences. Accordingly, social
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nuclear use are too unpredictable to tempt us to run the experiment."24

SMR provides prolif resistance

King et al 11
Marcus, LaVar Huntzinger • Thoi Nguyen, CNA, March, "Feasibility of Nuclear Power on U.S. Military Installations" https://cna.org/sites/default/files/research/Nuclear%20Power%20on%20Military%20Installations%20D0023932%20A5.pdf-https://cna.org/sites/default/files/research/Nuclear Power on Military Installations D0023932 A5.pdf
Many SMR designs and advanced concepts utilize extended core life to reduce refueling frequency.
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will require the development and validation of appropriate control systems and humanmachine interfaces.

SMR’s are key to negotiation pressure for nonproliferation - they are more desirable than other nuclear systems

Sanders, Associate Director Savannah National Lab, ’12
~Tom Sanders, Associate Laboratory Director for Clean Energy Initiatives at the Savannah River National Laboratory, Department of Energy, Former President of the American Nuclear Society, "Tom Sanders: Great expectations for small modular reactors," Nuclear News, July 2012, pg. 48-49~
That’s a good question. One of the things that concerned me most in the
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with a large plant doesn’t make any sense if you can’t afford it.

US leadership on SMRs is key to global nonproliferation efforts

Loudermilk 11
(Micah Loudermilk, Research Associate for the Energy %26 Environmental Security Policy program with the Institute for National Strategic Studies at National Defense University, 5/31/11, "Small Nuclear Reactors and US Energy Security: Concepts, Capabilities, and Costs" http://www.ensec.org/index.php?option=com_content%26view=article%26id=314:small-nuclear-reactors-and-us-energy-security-concepts-capabilities-and-costs%26catid=116:content0411%26Itemid=375-http://www.ensec.org/index.php?option=com_content%26view=article%26id=314:small-nuclear-reactors-and-us-energy-security-concepts-capabilities-and-costs%26catid=116:content0411%26Itemid=375)
Reactor safety itself notwithstanding, many argue that the scattering of small reactors around the
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reactors are mitigated and concerns over the widespread distribution of nuclear fuel allayed.

DOD leadership prevents foreign dominance of nuclear energy and nonproliferation

Andres and Breetz 11
(Richard Andres, Senior Fellow and Energy and Environment Security and Policy Chair at INSS, and Hanna Breetz, Ph.D. candidate in Political Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, February 2011, "Small Nuclear Reactors for Military Installations: Capabilities, Costs, and Technological Implications" http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?Location=U2%26doc=GetTRDoc.pdf%26AD=ADA545712-http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?Location=U2%26doc=GetTRDoc.pdf%26AD=ADA545712)
Domestic Nuclear Expertise. From the perspec- tive of larger national security issues,
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- tate standards on nuclear reactor reliability, performance, and proliferation resistance.

Contention 2: Heg

DoD electric instillations are vulnerable – SMR solves

Robitaille 12
George 3-21 Dept. Army Civilian "Small Modular Reactors: The Army’s Secure Source of Energy?" http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?Location=U2%26doc=GetTRDoc.pdf%26AD=ADA561802-http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?Location=U2%26doc=GetTRDoc.pdf%26AD=ADA561802
In recent years, the U.S Department of Defense (DoD) has
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associated with building coal or natural gas fired power plants on the environment.

Grid breakdowns cause nuclear war

Andres and Breetz 11
Richard Andres, Professor of National Security Strategy at the National War College and a Senior Fellow and Energy and Environmental Security and Policy Chair in the Center for Strategic Research, Institute for National Strategic Studies, at the National Defense University, and Hanna Breetz, doctoral candidate in the Department of Political Science at The Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Small Nuclear Reactorsfor Military Installations:Capabilities, Costs, andTechnological Implications, www.ndu.edu/press/lib/pdf/StrForum/SF-262.pdf
The DOD interest in small reactors derives largely ¶ from problems with base and logistics
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in order to win an ongoing battle or war would be greatly reduced.

Grid breakdowns crushs US military operations

Stockton 11
Paul Stockton 11, assistant secretary of defense for Homeland Defense and Americas’ Security Affairs, "Ten Years After 9/11: Challenges for the Decade to Come", http://www.hsaj.org/?fullarticle=7.2.11.
The cyber threat to the DIB is only part of a much larger challenge to
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system over which it does not – and never will – exercise control.

Military power disruption ensures an invasion of Taiwan by creating a window of opportunity for China to strike while US forces are out of commission

Gerson, Research analyst at the Center for Naval Analyses, 09
(Conventional Deterrence in the Second Nuclear Age http://www.carlisle.army.mil/usawc/parameters/Articles/09autumn/gerson.pdf)
Deterrence is once again a topic of discussion and debate among US defense and policy
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if the regime believes it can accomplish its objectives before US forces respond.

Preserving the perception of military effectiveness key—a weakened military invites aggression and rash wars

Feaver 3
Professor of Political Science at Duke, Peter D., Armed Services: Agency, Oversight, and Civil-Military Relations, p.213
The civil-military problematique is so vexing because it involves balancing two vital and
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leading them to rash behavior and then failing in the ultimate military contest.

US will continue to pursue hegemony inevitably—it’s only a question of whether those actions will be successful

Shalmon and Horowitz 9 - * Senior Analyst at Lincoln Group * assistant professor of Political Science at The University of Pennsylvania
(Dan, Senior Analyst at Lincoln Group, LLC, Mike, assistant professor of Political Science at The University of Pennsylvania, as well as an FPRI scholar, Orbis, Spring)
It is important to recognize at the outset two key points about United States strategy
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/asymmetric threats are inevitable given America’s role in the global order.24 

Decline destabilizes all global hotspots

Russian aggression, Taiwan war, Korea war, Afghanistan war, Indo-Pak war, Pakistan war, Central Asia War, Israel war/strikes, Allied Prolif
Brzezinski ’12 - Professor of Foreign Policy at SAIS 
Zbigniew, PhD in government, scholar at CSIS, former National Security Advisor, "8 Geopolitically Endangered Species," Foreign Policy Jan/Feb ’12, www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2012/01/03/8_geopolitically_endangered_species?page=full AD 9/16/12
With the decline of America’s global preeminence, weaker countries will be more susceptible to
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extremism; a worldwide energy crisis; vulnerability of America’s Persian Gulf allies.

Any of these would escalate into great power wars—American retrenchment collapse current restraints

Zhang and Shi 11 – *Yuhan Zhang is a researcher at the Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Currently on leave from Graduate School in Economic and Political Development, Lin Shi, MA from Columbia in International Affairs, also serves as an independent consultant for the Eurasia Group and a consultant for the World Bank
America’s decline: A harbinger of conflict and rivalry, http://www.eastasiaforum.org/2011/01/22/americas-decline-a-harbinger-of-conflict-and-rivalry/
This does not necessarily mean that the US is in systemic decline, but it
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forecast in a future that will inevitably be devoid of unrivalled US primacy.

Middle east war goes nuclear—causes extinction

London ’10
Herbert London is president of Hudson Institute and professor emeritus of New York University. "The Coming Crisis In The Middle East". The Hudson Institute. June 28, 2010. http://www.hudson-ny.org/1387/coming-crisis-in-the-middle-east
The coming storm in the Middle East is gaining momentum; like conditions prior to
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is not sustainable and one the Iranian leadership looks to with imperial exhilaration.

Asian conflicts escalate to nuclear war

Fisher ’11
Max Fisher is an associate editor at The Atlantic, 5 Most Likely Ways the U.S. and China Could Spark Accidental Nuclear War  10/31/11 http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2011/10/5-most-likely-ways-the-us-and-china-could-spark-accidental-nuclear-war/247616/
The U.S. has the world’s second-largest nuclear arsenal with around
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Soviet mishaps of the 1980s — is exactly what makes them so dangerous. 

Renewed Russian expansionism threatens global nuclear war.

Blank 9 
Dr. Stephen Blank, Research Professor of National Security Affairs at the Strategic Studies Institute of the U.S. Army War College. March 2009. "Russia And Arms Control: Are There Opportunities For The Obama Administration?," online: http://www.strategicstudiesinstitute.army.mil/pdffiles/pub908.pdf
Proliferators or nuclear states like China and Russia can then deter regional or intercontinental attacks
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perhaps make wars of aggression on their neighbors or their own people.172

And, their impact defense no longer applies.

Palmer ’12
Alex Palmer. "Russia Rising". January 12, 2012. Harvard International Review. http://hir.harvard.edu/politics-of-disease/russia-rising?utm_source=feedburner%26utm_medium=feed%26utm_campaign=Feed%3A+HarvardInternationalReview+%28Harvard+International+Review%29%26utm_content=Google+Reader
At a time of uncertainty around the world, Russia finds itself poised to reclaim
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hibernation, but at the end of every winter comes a new spring.

Only scenario for extinction

Bostrom 2
Nick, PhD, Journal of Evolution and Technology, Vol. 9, March 2002, http://www.nickbostrom.com/existential/risks.html
A much greater existential risk emerged with the build-up of nuclear arsenals in
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preludes to the existential risks that we will encounter in the 21st century.

And miscalc leads to extinction

Engdahl 7 
F. William, February 18, pg. http://www.financialsense.com/editorials/engdahl/2007/0218.html
Putin also did not have North Korea, China, Pakistan or India in mind
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irradiate the planet and, perhaps, end human civilization in the process. 

DOD leadership ensures key reactor technology that solves DOD problems

Andres and Breetz 11
(Richard Andres, Senior Fellow and Energy and Environment Security and Policy Chair at INSS, and Hanna Breetz, Ph.D. candidate in Political Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, February 2011, "Small Nuclear Reactors for Military Installations: Capabilities, Costs, and Technological Implications" http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?Location=U2%26doc=GetTRDoc.pdf%26AD=ADA545712-http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?Location=U2%26doc=GetTRDoc.pdf%26AD=ADA545712)
Technological Lock-in. A second risk is that if small reactors do reach
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likely have a profound effect on the in- dustry’s timeline and trajectory.

Renewables fail

Loudermilk 11
(Micah Loudermilk, Research Associate for the Energy %26 Environmental Security Policy program with the Institute for National Strategic Studies at National Defense University, 5/31/11, "Small Nuclear Reactors and US Energy Security: Concepts, Capabilities, and Costs" http://www.ensec.org/index.php?option=com_content%26view=article%26id=314:small-nuclear-reactors-and-us-energy-security-concepts-capabilities-and-costs%26catid=116:content0411%26Itemid=375-http://www.ensec.org/index.php?option=com_content%26view=article%26id=314:small-nuclear-reactors-and-us-energy-security-concepts-capabilities-and-costs%26catid=116:content0411%26Itemid=375)
Renewable energy technologies have made great strides forward during the last decade. In an
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in fact prove instrumental to enabling the smart grid to become a reality.

Text

The United States Department of Defense should increase procurement contracts for small modular nuclear reactors on domestic military bases.

Contention 3: Solvency

Incentives provided but they don’t solve

Lovering et al 9/7
(Jessica Lovering, policy analyst @ Breakthrough Institute, Ted Nordhaus, chairman of the Breakthrough Institute, and Michael Shellenberger, president of the Breakthrough Institute, 9/7/12, "Out of the Nuclear Closet" http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2012/09/07/out_of_the_nuclear_closet)
Nuclear has enjoyed bipartisan support in Congress for more than 60 years, but the
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and an entirely different regulatory framework to review and approve new commercial designs.

DoD key to SMR industry

Andres and Breetz 11
(Richard Andres, Senior Fellow and Energy and Environment Security and Policy Chair at INSS, and Hanna Breetz, Ph.D. candidate in Political Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, February 2011, "Small Nuclear Reactors for Military Installations: Capabilities, Costs, and Technological Implications" http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?Location=U2%26doc=GetTRDoc.pdf%26AD=ADA545712-http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?Location=U2%26doc=GetTRDoc.pdf%26AD=ADA545712)
The "Valley of Death." Given the promise that small reactors hold for military
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, gaining NRC certification for new technologies, and demonstrating technical viability.32

SMRs are cheap and can provide easy power to the US

Spencer and Loris 11
(Jack Spencer, esearch Fellow in Nuclear Energy in the Thomas A. Roe Institute for Economic Policy Studies at the Heritage Foundation, and Nicolas Loris, Research Associate in the Roe Institute, at The Heritage Foundation, 2/2/11, "A Big Future for Small Nuclear Reactors?" http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2011/02/a-big-future-for-small-nuclear-reactors)
Why SMRs?
Small modular reactors share many of the attractive qualities of large reactors, such as
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, engineering, and uranium enrichment capabilities—all in the United States.

SMRs allow mass production – reduces costs

Szondy 12
(David Szondy, freelance writer, 2/16/12, "Feature: Small modular nuclear reactors - the future of energy?" http://www.gizmag.com/small-modular-nuclear-reactors/20860/)
SMRs have a number of advantages over conventional reactors. For one thing, SMRs
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in remote, inland areas where it isn’t possible to site conventional reactors.