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Bonnet-Reed Aff

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#	Date	Entry
	11/09/2012	Offshore Wind Tournament: UMKC \| Round: \| Opponent: \| Judge: Advantage One: Warming Warming is real and anthropogenic-4 reasons Prothero 12 (M.A., M.Phil., and Ph.D. degrees in geological sciences from Columbia University, and a B.A. in geology and biology from the University of California, Riverside, Professor of Geology at Occidental College in Los Angeles, and Lecturer in Geobiology at the California Institute of Technology, “How We Know Global Warming is Real and Human Caused” Skeptic. Altadena: 2012. Vol. 17, Iss. 2; pg. 14, 10 pgs, proquest) HDG How do we know that global warming… most of the world's river deltas) would be drowned Warming is an existential threat Mazo 10 – PhD in Paleoclimatology from UCLA Jeffrey Mazo, Managing Editor, Survival and Research Fellow for Environmental Security and Science Policy at the International Institute for Strategic Studies in London, 3-2010, “Climate Conflict: How global warming threatens security and what to do about it,” pg. 122 The best estimates for global warming… profound social, cultural and political changes Scientific Consensus goes aff EDF 11 (Environmental Defense Fund, leading national nonprofit organization representing more than 700,000 members. Citing Science and the IPCC, as well as other multinational climate organizations, “Scientific Consensus on the Basic Facts of Global Warming,” http://www.edf.org/climate/scientific-consensus) The most respected scientific… The time to start working on solutions is now. Warming destroys the oceans worse than the past 300 million years – increasing acidification Hance 12 Jeremy Hance¶ mongabay.com 2,600 scientists: climate change killing the world's coral reefs¶ ¶ July 10, 2012¶ http://news.mongabay.com/2012/0710-hance-coral-reefs-climate-statment.html In an unprecedented show of concern… There is a window of opportunity for the world to act on climate change—but it is closing rapidly." Acidification destroys all ocean life Gerhardt 11 Tina Gerhardt is an independent journalist. Her work has appeared in the Nation, the Wall Street Journal, and many other publications Our Oceans Are in Dire Shape, But Without Them All Life on Land -- Human, Plant and Animal -- Is Totally Screwed http://www.alternet.org/story/152636/our_oceans_are_in_dire_shape%2C_but_without_them_all_life_on_land_~-~-_human%2C_plant_and_animal_~-~-_is_totally_screwed Global warming has often been… needed through solar and wind energy would emit less greenhouse gas emissions. Oceans are key to life on Earth Spencer 09 Ben Spencer ¶Reporter for the West Australian The Oceans of Life http://benspencer.hubpages.com/hub/The-Oceans-Of-Life Ever since the Earth was formed, life has depended… Without the ocean, there is no life. On the brink of runaway warming now – Tipping points can be averted Kelly 12 , Kelly 2012. 400 PPM: Carbon Dioxide Levels Cross A Sobering New Threshold. http://insights.wri.org/news/2012/06/400-ppm-carbon-dioxide-levels-cross-sobering-new-threshold (Kelly Levin is a senior associate with WRI’s major emerging economies objective. She leads WRI’s Measurement and Performance Tracking Project, which builds capacity in developing countries to create and enhance systems that track emissions and emissions reductions associated with climate and energy policies and low-carbon development goals.) Carbon dioxide is the greenhouse… on people, ecosystems, and economies around the world. Offshore wind solves for greenhouse gasses Shroeder 10 Erica Shroeder California Law Review, Volume 98 \| issue 5, Article 5. “Turning offshore wind on” 10/31/2010- Erica Schroeder, Turning Offshore Wind On, 98 Cal. L. Rev. 1631 (2010). Available at: http://scholarship.law.berkeley.edu/californialawreview/vol98/iss5/4 Once a wind project is built… cool traditional coal,¶ gas, and nuclear generation units.68 Advantage Two: Hegemony Prior US energy policy created a boost lifting the United States above China – but the previous market incentives will expire leaving the United States in a critical turning point Bullard 12 Nathaniel, Bloomberg News, Jan 18, http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-01-18/u-s-clean-energy-leadership-is-misleadingly-strong-after-a-record-2011.html, Online 12 The season has already brought all manner wintry wonders… proposition in zero-carbon power generation. Nonpolarity results in global war – only a shift in US energy policy can solve Haass 8 Richard N, President of the CFR, The Age of Nonpolarity: What will follow US Dominance, Foreign Affairs, Online 12 The United States can... without hurting the U.S. economy Offshore wind is key to producing a sustainable energy resource – equivalent to the total US capacity Melnyk and Andersen 9 Markian and Robert, Atlantic Wind Connection, Offshore Power: Building Renewable Energy Projects in U.S. Waters, Online 12 Numbers can deceive; so what is really behind… installed U.S. generating capacity The system has moved into non-polarity increasing international tensions – must have a leadership role to ensure success of multilateral institutions Serfaty 11 Simon, CSIS, Moving into a Post-Western World, Washington Quarterly, 34:2, pp 7-23, Online 12 The ‘‘unipolar moment’’ that followed… be an unclear, ambiguous, and delicate process. Sustained clean energy policy key to allowing green leadership Bolze '11 Steve, Pres and CEO of GE Power and Water, "America Lacks Policy Leadership," 11/2/11, posted on Natinoal Journal's Ask the Experts, http://energy.nationaljournal.com/2011/10/is-america-losing-the-clean-en.php?comments=expandall#comments, AD 8/26/12 The race America is clearly losing … clean energy policy over the finish line. The United States is still a potential leader of the nonpolar system – must make a movement towards global norms to establish multilateral cooperation Foot and Walter 12 Rosemary, PhD International Relations, Andrew, Professor @ London School of Economics and Political Science, Feb 6, European Journal of International Relations, Global Norms and Major State Behavior: the Cases of China and the United States, Online 12 Although it is beyond the scope of this article… substantial limits on its ability to address it. Environmental leadership spills over to US credibility and multilateral success NYT 2 New York Times 8-29-2002 FRANKFURT At present, there is much talk about the unparalleled strength of the United States on the world stage. Yet at this very moment the most powerful… to multilateral attempts at safeguarding the environment. But federal loan guarantees don’t exist yet – key to offshore wind expansion – uncertainty precludes investment as banks only partially evaluate potential farms underfunding projects Caperton et al '12 Richard W. Caperton is the Director of Clean Energy Investment, Michael Conathan is the Director of Ocean Policy, and Jackie Weidman is a Special Assistant for the Energy Opportunity team at American Progress. , "Encouraging Investment Is Key to U.S. Offshore Wind Development" 1/12/12 www.americanprogress.org/issues/2012/01/offshore_wind.html Loan guarantees¶ Uncertainty around … Either way forward would help drive investment in the burgeoning offshore wind industry. Multilateralism creates incremental reforms and long-term benefits Dunne ‘11 Tim, Professor of International Relations at the Asia-Pacific Centre for the Responsibility to Protect, University of Queensland., "Mulitlateralism: Why process matters," 5/19/11 www.lowyinterpreter.org/?d=D - Multilateralism and its critics AD 1/29/12 Is the multilateral order in crisis? .. political and economic union of twenty seven countries and 500 million citizens? Advantage Two: Economy Economic stagnation now – will continue for a few more years Rasmus 12 Jack Rasmus, professor of economics and political economy at Santa Clara University and St. Marys College U.S. GDP–Why the US Slowdown Will Continue http://jackrasmus.com/2012/07/28/u-s-gdp-why-the-us-slowdown-will-continue/ GDP for the first half of this year therefore has averaged… corporate ideology constantly pushed by politicians and the press, that ‘tax cuts create jobs’ Studies demonstrate that Economic stagnation also spreads international violence and war Royal 10 — Jedidiah Royal, Director of Cooperative Threat Reduction at the U.S. Department of Defense, M.Phil. Candidate at the University of New South Wales, 2010 (“Economic Integration, Economic Signalling and the Problem of Economic Crises,” Economics of War and Peace: Economic, Legal and Political Perspectives, Edited by Ben Goldsmith and Jurgen Brauer, Published by Emerald Group Publishing, ISBN 0857240048, p. 213-215) Less intuitive is how periods of economic decline… As such, the view presented here should be considered ancillary to those views. Economic stagnation results in structural racism Economist 12 http://www.economist.com/blogs/democracyinamerica/2012/06/economic-stagnation, online 12 IN HIS 2006 book, "The Moral Consequences of Economic Growth", Benjamin Friedman… wagons against the depredations of the outsider, of "the other". Racism expands logical patterns which justify violence against the Other Mendieta ‘2 (Eduardo, SUNY @ Stony Brook, Meeting of the Foucault Circle from To make live and to let die – Foucault on Racism, April 25) This is where racism intervenes… threat and foes are biological in nature. Offshore wind increases total output in comparison to status quo technology – respective environment ensures continual energy, reduced visual impact, and decreased noise emission Diez 10 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Why offshore wind energy? M. Dolores Esteban, J. Javier Diez*, Jose S. López, Vicente Negro Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, C/Profesor Aranguren S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain Renewable Energy 36 (2011) 444e450 The main difference between onshore… bigger wind turbine units, achieving more production per install unit. Current offshore wind energy program is behind the curve – expanded funding, updated grid infrastructure, and streamlined process for permitting and location to manage the difference – reinvigorates the manufacturing industry Casey 12 Tina, Triple Pundit Online, April 24,US and UK to collaborate on Offshore Wind Power, http://www.triplepundit.com/2012/04/us-and-uk-partner-on-floating-wind-turbines/, online 12 The U.S. has to play a bit of catch-up… career innovators in advanced wind power tech. Offshore wind is key to creating jobs in the United States and abroad in port economy Hopkins 12 Robert B. Hopkins, Duane Morris LLP. "Offshore Wind Farms in US Waters Would Generate Both US and Foreign Maritime Jobs." Renewable Energy World. N.p., 12 July 2012. Web. 22 Aug. 2012. http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/news/article/2012/07/offshore-wind-farms-in-u-s-waters-would-generate-both-u-s-and-foreign-maritime-jobs?cmpid=rss. ¶ With no offshore wind energy… involved in construction and maintenance. These jobs are permanent and create high demand for port economies DOE 11 Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Wind and Water Power Program Department of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation, and Enforcement February 7, 2011 http://www1.eere.energy.gov/wind/pdfs/national_offshore_wind_strategy.pdf Deployment of wind energy along… maintenance of offshore wind turbines. Ports are key to the overall economy FTU 12 Florida Times-Union, Newspaper, Feb 24, http://www.jaxport.com/about-jaxport/newsroom/news/lead-letter-ports-are-vital-economy-nation, Online 12 Our economy is linked to our waterways… Our future reputation will be based on whether we improve our gateways to the world. Plan: the United States federal government should cover the cost of new loan guarantees for offshore wind under the existing Department of Energy Loan Guarantee Program.
	11/09/2012	Critical Warming Tournament: UMKC \| Round: \| Opponent: \| Judge: We have read the Offshore Wind plan text and the cards for the Warming Advantage. These cards are added to those, and the other 2 advantages are removed. Portraying eco-damage as ‘extinction-level’ is a crucial communication act that forestalls complete extinction – it solves their turn because it sparks a new social ethic Epstein and Zhao 9 – Lab of Medicine @ Hong Kong Richard J. Epstein and Y. Zhao ‘9 – Laboratory of Computational Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, The Threat That Dare Not Speak Its Name; Human Extinction, Perspectives in Biology and Medicine Volume 52, Number 1, Winter 2009, Muse Final ends for all species are… too often dismiss as “human nature” (Tudge 1989). End Page 122 Warming is the largest impact – its certainty requires that we transition away from current trends in policy making – we must orient our ethical questions towards the effects of a transforming climate on the most vulnerable nations in the world – this ethic assures we prevent the annihilation of the most vulnerable Gordon 7 Ruth Gordon, Professor of Law at Villinova University, “The Climate of Environmental Justice: Taking Stock: Climate Change and the Poorest Nations: Further Reflections on Global Inequality”. Colorado Law Review, Lexis There is no longer any question… vulnerable and technologically lacking low-income nations. Global warming disproportionately effects the worlds most vulnerable populations – continued emissions affect all functions critical to a healthy and sustainable life Goldman 11 – MD, Representative for the American Public Health Association Lynn Goldman, MD, Representative for the American Public Health Association, 2-9-2011, “ENERGY AND TAX PREVENTION ACT OF 2011,” CQ Congressional Testimony, Lexis Climate change is a public health… populations, children, the elderly and the poor. No ethical principle justifies the inequality of climate change – mitigation is the utmost ethical imperative because it is the only thing that address structural injustice Burkett 8 – Professor of Law Maxine Burkett, Associate Professor, University of Colorado Law School, 2008, “Just Solutions to Climate Change: A Climate Justice Proposal for a Domestic Clean Development Mechanism,” 56 Buffalo L. Rev. 169, Lexis The emerging field of "climate justice"… steeply in favor of the poor. Government action is necessary. Alternatives like anarchy, localism, spirituality, and eco-centrism will get squashed and worsen current destruction Indicts alternative. All of the alts don't work well because humans inev interact with the environment. Instead of ceding power to nation state we should work with. Taylor 2k – Professor of Social Ethics Bron, Professor of Religion and Social Ethics, Director of Environmental Studies, University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh, BENENEATH THE SURFACE: CRITICAL ESSAYS IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF DEEP ECOLOGY, P. 282-284 A more trenchant problem is how bioregionalists (and the anarchists… models will be overwhelmed and futile. Problem-solution focus is necessary – environmental concerns are persistent and require government responses Environmental pragmatism. You have to have an alt that the public can actually do. Because no one will do it. Mintz 4 – Professor of Law Joel Mintz, Prof. of Law, Nova Southeastern Univ. and Scholar at Center for Progressive Regulation; 2004, Boston College Environmental Affairs Law Review “SOME THOUGHTS ON THE MERITS OF PRAGMATISM AS A GUIDE TO ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,” 31 B.C. Envtl. Aff. L. Rev. 1, HeinOnline To this observer, pragmatism—and more_{, contended for by environmental legal writers.} Representations of ecological extinction and resource conflict are the only way to motivate limits on consumption Impact turn K link args based on reps. Says social pghyscilogy turns us into pacists, so we have to rep appeals to survival to create activism. Heinberg 7 - Senior Fellow of the Post Carbon Institute Richard, “Peak Everything,” Google Book Is it possible, now and quickly, to… will have to happen very quickly. And, contesting possible futures is an affirmation of life- it allows us to gamble on the future as open, making subversion of disciplinary subjectivities possible Dunmire ‘3, (Patricia, Assoc. Prof. of English @ Kent State U, Preempting the future: rhetoric and ideology of the future in political discourse, Discourse and Society, Vol 16(4): 481–513 10.1177, muse) Alessandrini (2003) calls for re-conceptualizing… for particular social fractions at particular moments. (p. 275)
	11/09/2012	Ecopedagogy Tournament: UNLV \| Round: \| Opponent: \| Judge: Contention One is the Environment The resolution is emblematic of the current climate debate – forcing the affirmative to choose either renewable or non-renewable energy resources – meaning a decision to maintain current trends or to split from the norm – or to decide on technology based upon economic feasibility. This juxtaposition of energies represents the current climate debate. Dichotomous politics places economics and ecology against each other with government focus on fiscal concerns over environmental catastrophe. Through construction of peak conditions and the arrival of new reserves – environmentally destructive energy is preferred blocking all progressive political action – this opposition demands a support of the Anthropocene Cohen 12 Tom, PhD Maryland, Telemorphis: theory in Era of Climate Change, Vol 1, Introduction, Online 12 Warnings regarding the planet earth’s… unaware of all the ruses that maintain that spurious home. This modeling has co-opted all climate movements – attempting to engage the political under current ontological relation to the environment ensures Nature is symbolic and particular crafting an us-them dichotomy Swyngedouw 6 (Erik, Department of Geography, School of Environment and Development, Manchester University, Impossible “Sustainability” and the Post-Political Condition, David Gibbs and Rob Krueger (Eds.) Sustainable Development Guilford Press, New York, www.liv.ac.uk/geography/seminars/Sustainabilitypaper.doc) Environmentalists (whether activists or scientists) invariably… Questioning the politics of climate change in itself is already seen as an act of treachery, as an unlawful activity, banned by ‘Nature’ itself. This acknowledgement of nature’s ethereal manner necessitates a redefinition of our relationship to nature – determines the real life interactions with the world around us Don’t endorse gendered language Altvater 6 Elmar, PhD Political Science,Centre for Civil Society Colloquium on the Economy, Society and Nature: 1-21., Online 12 The environment in synchronic… water and above all of oil Our relationship to the environment and technology shapes political futures and determines our ethical alignments – embracing the possibility of consequences for our own actions consumes nihilism driving inquiry into being – absent this ethic, caring is impossible Irwin 8 Irwin, Ruth. "Technological Enframing." Heidegger, Politics, Climate Change and Risking It All. New York: ContinuumInternational Group, 2008. N. pag. Print. By thinking back through the horizion… adapt to climate change as a boundary of possibility. Current climate methodologies cancel out subjectivity in relation to the environment – risk calculation of existential crisis results in crisis and a response predicated upon quick interactions – this prevents movements from success Cohen 12 Tom, Telemorphis: theory in Era of Climate Change, Vol 1, Introduction, Online 12 If it is possible to note that theory’s retrieval of human and… been in circulation for a while. Contention Two is Our Inquiry Voting aff is an expression of solidarity with our eco- ontological analysis of the resolution. The role of the affirmative should be to affirm to a qualitative increase in energy production, not a quantitative one. Qualitative conceptions of energy production are key – a reconceptualization of energy in terms of efficacy unveils an ethical production of energy Byrne et al. 6 (John Byrne, Nobel Peace Prize Laureate for his contribution to the IPCC, director of the Center for Energy and Environmental Policy and distinguished professor of energy and climate policy at the University of Delaware, Noah Toly, Director of Urban Studies and Associate Professor of Politics and International Relations, Wheaton College, Young-Doo Wang, Young-Doo Wang is Associate Director of the Center for Energy and Environmental Policy and Professor of Energy and Environmental Policy and Urban Affairs and Public Policy at the University of Delaware, 2006, Transforming Power: Energy, Environment, and Society in Conflict, eds. John Byrne, Noah Toly, Leigh Glover, pp. vii-x) Spiking prices. cartel decisions to limit… modem technology and economics (i.e., more, faster, and bigger are better). Technology will inevitably exist within nature and interact with it – however, our enframing of that technology is not inevitably modern – the affirmative reorients relationships with nature acknowledging our interdependence making new social modes possible Irwin 8 Irwin, Ruth. "Technological Enframing." Heidegger, Politics, Climate Change and Risking It All. New York: ContinuumInternational Group, 2008. N. pag. Print. The narrow perception of technology as tools to… increasing science of govermentality. And this pedagogy is key to prevent the destruction of the ecosphere – the status quo defers political engagement and forecloses the ability to eliminate difference and Otherization Darder 10 (Professor Antonia Darder, Distinguished Professor of Education, University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign, “Preface” in Critical Pedagogy, Ecoliteracy, and Planetary Crisis: The Ecopedagogy Movement by Richard V. Kahn, 2010, pp. x-xiii) GENDER MODIFIED It is fitting to begin my words about Richard Kahn’s Critical Pedagogy, Ecoliteracy… of all species with whom we walk the earth The system is in flux – neoliberalism is being overtaken by more violent forms of knowledge – now is the key time to redirect the transition Kellner 10 (Professor Douglas Kellner, George F. Kneller Philosophy of Education Chair, University of California, Los Angeles, “Afterword” in Critical Pedagogy, Ecoliteracy, and Planetary Crisis: The Ecopedagogy Movement by Richard V. Kahn, pp. 151-154) Richard Kahn’s groundbreaking work Critical Pedagogy, Ecoliteracy, and Planetary Crisis: The Ecopedagogy Movement is distinguished… reconstruction of education and society. New modes of pedagological engagement with the environment are critical – new movements are finding success but failure is inevitable without a bridging method to connect micro-organizations and the academy Kahn 10 (Richard Kahn, Assistant Professor of Educational Foundations and Research at the University of North Dakota, Critical Pedagogy, Ecoliteracy, and Planetary Crisis: The Ecopedagogy Movement, 2010, pp. 17-19) On the other hand, it is my belief that if education for sustainable development… to our cultural and historical memories . . . (Freire, 2004, pp. 46-47) Speaking from within the academy is critical – we need to express networks of solidarity between debate and political movements Giroux 11 (Henry A. Giroux, Global TV Network Chair in English and Cultural Studies at McMaster University, 21 November 2011, “Occupy Colleges Now: Students as the New Public Intellectuals”, http://www.truth-out.org/occupy-colleges-now-students-new-public-intellectuals/1321891418) Finding our way to a more humane… meaning with the struggle for eliminating injustice wherever it occurs.
	11/09/2012	Production-Consumption Tournament: UCO \| Round: \| Opponent: \| Judge: Contention 1: The Political Economy The call of the resolution represents a decision to produce- A juxtaposition of energies represents the current climate debate. Dichotomous politics places economics and ecology against each other with government focus on fiscal concerns over environmental catastrophe. Through construction of peak conditions and the arrival of new reserves – environmentally destructive energy is preferred blocking all progressive political action – this opposition demands a support of the Anthropocene The affirmative Presents a third option Cohen 12 Tom, PhD Maryland, Telemorphis: theory in Era of Climate Change, Vol 1, Introduction, Online 12 Warnings regarding … spurious home. Policymaking has been co-opted by consumption – the politics of growth creates the conditions for unsustainable economics and energy policy Princen 2 – Professor of Natural Resources @ U of Michigan Thomas, Associate Professor of Natural Resources and Environmental Policy in the School of Natural Resources and Environment at the University of Michigan, where he also co-directs the Workshop on Consumption and Environment, Michael Maniates, Professor of Political Science and Environmental Science at Allegheny College, and Ken Conca, professor of Government and Politics at the University of Maryland, “Confronting Consumption,” Confronting Consumption, Chapter 1 Such intuition is even … via laws and regulations. Our universal conception of the environment creates a symbolic categorization through modernity – this subject-object dichotomy commodifies nature and the Other Luke 3 (Timothy W., Professor of Political Science at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, June-July, Alternatives, p. 393-95) I want to assess … be regarded as rationally calculated action. Production logics are utilized in the status quo to ensure political salience and reception of message – this manipulation of future timescapes undermines emancipatory paths and derails current movements Cohen 12 Tom, Telemorphis: theory in Era of Climate Change, Vol 1, Introduction, Online 12 If it is possible … been in circulation for a while. Only an epistemological shift away from production-oriented mindsets is capable of creating a sustainable system – adopting a consumption mindset allows for critical evaluation of environmental stress Princen 2 – Professor of Natural Resources @ U of Michigan Thomas, Associate Professor of Natural Resources and Environmental Policy in the School of Natural Resources and Environment at the University of Michigan, where he also co-directs the Workshop on Consumption and Environment, Michael Maniates, Professor of Political Science and Environmental Science at Allegheny College, and Ken Conca, professor of Government and Politics at the University of Maryland, “Confronting Consumption,” Confronting Consumption, Chapter 2 The difficulty in conducting … cautious consuming is better.7 Contention 2: Our Analysis The resolution only asks for us to produce more energy – the call for increased domestic production of energy forecloses alternative methodologies for approaching resource sustainability – this form of pedagogy ensures the continuation of a production-based mindset in relation to energy – an epistemic shift towards consumption-based energy policy shapes our policy and addresses underlying structures Princen 2 – Professor of Natural Resources @ U of Michigan Thomas, Associate Professor of Natural Resources and Environmental Policy in the School of Natural Resources and Environment at the University of Michigan, where he also co-directs the Workshop on Consumption and Environment, Michael Maniates, Professor of Political Science and Environmental Science at Allegheny College, and Ken Conca, professor of Government and Politics at the University of Maryland, “Confronting Consumption,” Confronting Consumption, Chapter 1 Given our dissatisfaction … new forms of intervention. (Only read sometimes) Plan: United States federal government should remove all restrictions on qualitative energy production in the United States. This is followed by the Ecopedagogy Framework that is in the Ecopedagogy 1AC.
	11/10/2012	Kobe Tournament: \| Round: \| Opponent: \| Judge: We choose to respond to the topic with an act of openness – modernity’s co-option of resoluteness has constructed a subject-object relationship to the questions posed upon us – our unflinching act of openness returns to the Everyday and allows ontological repositioning Odysseos 7 (Louiza, Senior Lecturer in International Relations at University of Sussex, “The Subject of Coexistence,” p. 108) What is of concern is whether the charge… coexistence in chapter 3. Our openness is a site of unfolding critical to disengage systems of ordering and transitioning away from modern enframing – out of this a new space is created Joronen 10 (Mikko, Dept of Geography and Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, U of Turku, The Age of Planetary Space: On Heidegger, Being, and Metaphysics of Globalization, pg 183-84) As already implicated in previous sub-sections, … the abyss (of time-space) (Malpas 2006:254–255; Polt 2006:185). The status quo’s ontic economic rationalities reflect modernity’s corruption of our ontological relationship to energy production – the affs focus on ontological commitments is key to challenging violent politics – focus on ontic consequences forecloses change and ensures error replication and extinction Joronen 10 (Mikko, Dept of Geography and Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, U of Turku, The Age of Planetary Space: On Heidegger, Being, and Metaphysics of Globalization, pg. 4-5) As the former paragraphs indicate, … is called to be useable, penetrable, mouldable, ‘decodable’ and mobile. Technology inevitably exists within our interactions with nature and constructs the ontic ground that we act within – however, our enframing of that technology is not inevitably modern – the affirmative is a pre-requisite to eliminating prior questioning Irwin 8 Irwin, Ruth. "Technological Enframing." Heidegger, Politics, Climate Change and Risking It All. New York: ContinuumInternational Group, 2008. N. pag. Print. The narrow perception of … ever-increasing science of govermentality (Foucault, Calculations and representations of the world within modernity produces a false sense of subjectivity and certainty in the world – this separates the subject from the object creating an incomprehensible interaction with Nature Joronen 10 (Mikko, Dept of Geography and Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, U of Turku, The Age of Planetary Space: On Heidegger, Being, and Metaphysics of Globalization, pg 183-84) It is interesting that, even though the … such calculative ordering of things. Technological enframing of the environment commodifies the world into a standing reserve – calls for quantification and control over the world around us repeatedly occurs within modernity eliminating value to life Ziarek 12 (Krzysztof, Professor of Comparative Literature at SUNY-Buffalo, "The Global Unworld: A Meditative Manifesto", Impasses of the Post-Global: Theory in the era of Climate Change, Vol. 2, Alcibiades and Lenny) The remarks cited above prepare the way for … from Foucault and Deleuze to Negri, Agamben, or Esposito.¶ The standing reserve creates continual consumption – modernity’s subject-object dichotomy places humanity as masters and orders the things around us Ziarek 12 (Krzysztof, Professor of Comparative Literature at SUNY-Buffalo, "The Global Unworld: A Meditative Manifesto", Impasses of the Post-Global: Theory in the era of Climate Change, Vol. 2, Alcibiades and Lenny) In “Overcoming Metaphysics,” …the abandonment of Being. (84, modified)¶ Calculation of these standing reserves commodifies individuals to the point of eliminating value to life – individuals are repeatedly devalued to impossible extents Dillon 99 (Michael, Prof of Politics + Int'l Relations @ Lancaster Univ., Political Theory, p. 164-165) Otherness is born(e) within the self as … is integral to the lack constitutive of the human way of being. Relationship to the environment and technology shapes political futures and determines our ethical alignments – embracing the possibility of consequences for our own actions consumes nihilism driving inquiry into Being Irwin 8 Irwin, Ruth. "Technological Enframing." Heidegger, Politics, Climate Change and Risking It All. New York: ContinuumInternational Group, 2008. N. pag. Print. By thinking back through … a boundary of possibility. We must begin with questions of Being, praxis is not possible without determining our relationship to the world. A shift towards relationality to the things around us precludes the formation of standing reserve and creates ontological repositioning Ziarek 12 (Krzysztof, Professor of Comparative Literature at SUNY-Buffalo, "The Global Unworld: A Meditative Manifesto", Impasses of the Post-Global: Theory in the era of Climate Change, Vol. 2, Alcibiades and Lenny) What is necessary for the world to … are being raised and are allowed to resonate.¶ Ontological relationality grounds knowledge practices and shapes political action – only an interrogation of the resolution can open the individual towards the totality of possible interactions Burke 7 (Anthony, Senior Lecturer in Politics and International Relations at UNSW, Sydney, “Ontologies of War: Violence, Existence and Reason”, Theory and Event, 10.2, Muse) What I am trying to describe in this … tragically violent 'choices' will continue to be made. Power shapes the world around us – it rejects that which cannot be perceived and effected immediately – reserves are created as boundaries are defined and all things are encapsulated by humanity Ziarek 12 (Krzysztof, Professor of Comparative Literature at SUNY-Buffalo, "The Global Unworld: A Meditative Manifesto", Impasses of the Post-Global: Theory in the era of Climate Change, Vol. 2, Alcibiades and Lenny) Heidegger’s meditations on the character, … economic operations of capital, or military force.¶ Plan: the United States federal government should remove restrictions on all topic energies in order to openly engage the resolution as a place of unfolding.
	01/05/2013	Lacan Tournament: Texas Swings \| Round: 3 \| Opponent: Texas CM \| Judge: Spurlock In 1977, the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act passed with the purpose of defending social and economic interests. Through an overarching extension of government power and involvement, the policy attempted to create a balance between economic and environmental benefit by demanding either an increase in productivity or the reclamation of post-mining land to natural conditions. OSMRE 2006 "Public Law 95-87 Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977." Http://www.osmre.gov/topic/SMCRA/SMCRA.shtm. This Is an Unofficial Compilation of P.L. 95-87, the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (SMCRA), Passed August 3, 1977. It Includes All Revisions to SMCRA through December 20, 2006. Users of This Compilation Should Be Aware That There Are Slight Variations between the Public Law as Enacted and the Version Codified in the U.S. Code. When Citing SMCRA, the U.S. Code Is the Only Official Source., n.d. Web. It is the purpose of this Act to – ¶ (a) establish a nationwide program… control of surface coal mining operations. SMCRA represents the uniform standard for ecological sustainability in coal mining– society’s demand for productivity in all spaces results in either the commodification of the environment or the reclamation of the land creating a utopian ideal of Nature resulting in the propagation of similar policies Berger 2 Berger, Alan. "Reclaiming The American West." Princton Architectural Press, New Youk, 2003. Web. Early landscape reclamation efforts in America were directly relational to notions of profitability. In the early 1900’s Mining companies sought… of the American West as it is now known. Utopian constructions of Nature result in violence against those who dissent and forms antagonisms – individuals that don’t align with the government’s prescriptions are excised from the population Stavrakakis 99 (Yannis, Lacan and the Political, Visiting Professor, Department of Government, University of Essex, pages 100-101). In order to answer these questions it is crucial to enumerate the conditions of possibility and the basic characteristics of utopian thinking. First of all it seems that the need for utopian meaning… functioning society as a highly problematic area (seminar of 18 June 1958). Utopia and apocalypse are interchangeable – the attempt at creating a harmonious atmosphere requires the extermination of the viral element within STAVRAKAKIS – VISITING FELLOW IN GOV'T, UNIV. OF ESSEX – '99 Yannis, Lacan and the Political, pg. 107-109 bj In the light of our theoretical framework… is not that far from dystopia. SMCRA’s reconstruction of nature through reclamation acts as a suppression of the Real – ecological damage sustained through coal mining is justified in the name of our artificial value of the environment based on commodification. This depoliticized view is produced through our material interactions. Berger 2 Berger, Alan. "Reclaiming The American West." Princton Architectural Press, New Youk, 2003. Web. Mining nonrenewable resources from… post-modern or more specifically a post- technological landscape condition. The reclamation of post-mining land demonstrates the end of Nature – and the construction of a post-political view of Natural conditions. These conditions inform normative bias and determine our interactions with the world in direct contrast to the Real causing ecological catastrophes. Post-politics utilizes these events to extend their reality and reinforce a drive to consume Swyngedouw 11 ¶ Erik Swyngedouw (2011). Depoliticized Environments: The End of Nature, Climate¶ Change and the PostPolitical¶ Condition. Royal Institute of Philosophy¶ Supplement, 69, pp 253274¶ doi:10.1017/S1358246111000300 The death or the end of Nature has been announced many times… upon a growing concern for a Nature that seems to veer off-balance. Modernity has crafted subjectivity within the realm of Nature allowing for each individual to demand a re-evaluation of politics – Reclamation endorses a form of green capitalism that suppresses the Real through the construction of Nature as a commodity Swyngedouw 11 ¶ Erik Swyngedouw (2011). Depoliticized Environments: The End of Nature, Climate¶ Change and the PostPolitical¶ Condition. Royal Institute of Philosophy¶ Supplement, 69, pp 253274¶ doi:10.1017/S1358246111000300 We are not any longer objects of Nature,… needs to endorse this heterogeneity fully This commodification of the land is predicated on the authenticity of the site – placing values on pristine environments due to the abundance of resources. Through random events, the reclamation of these sites in an attempt to restore value fail to achieve original meaning Berger 2 Berger, Alan. "Reclaiming The American West." Princton Architectural Press, New Youk, 2003. Web. The question of authenticity, or what philosophers call ontological value… unavoidable contribution of there own devices and prejudices. SMCRA’s post-political condition has reduced government involvement in coal mining to management, administration and the calculation of risk for each project. By adhering to democratic ideals, this system precludes uprisings while endorsing capitalism, democracy, and humanitarianism. Swyngedow 09 SWYNGEDOUW, ERIK. “The Antinomies of the Postpolitical City:¶ In Search of a Democratic Politics of¶ Environmental Production” Volume 33.3 September 2009 International Journal of Urban and Regional Research DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2427.2009.00859. In this sense, environmental and other politics… takes people’s concrete needs and demands into account (Žižek, 1999b: 198). THUS THE PLAN: THE UNITED FEDERAL GOVERNMENT SHOULD NO LONGER CONDITION THE PRODUCTION OF COAL UPON THE RECLAMATION OF LAND
	01/26/2013	Reclamation 2.0 Tournament: \| Round: \| Opponent: \| Judge: Reclamation- Heidegger 1AC In 1977, the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act passed with the purpose of defending social and economic interests. Through an overarching extension of government power and involvement, the policy attempted to create a balance between economic and environmental benefit by demanding either an increase in productivity or the reclamation of post-mining land to natural conditions. Squillace 90 Professor Mark Squillace is the Director of the Natural Resources Law Center at the University of Colorado Law School The Strip Mining Handbook https://sites.google.com/site/stripmininghandbook/a-brief-review-of-smcra The Surface Mining Reclamation … vegetative cover in the affected area. Reclamation efforts driven are Notions of probability. This produces drastic reordering of the natural landscape to transform useless sites toward more productive human centered use. Berger 2 Berger, Alan. "Reclaiming The American West." Princton Architectural Press, New Youk, 2003. Web. Early landscape reclamation … landscape of the American West as it is now known. This commodification of the land recreates the authenticity of the natural environment. Rather than restoring to the original contours, the environment develops new ontological value representing of notions of market fundamentalism. Berger 2 Berger, Alan. "Reclaiming The American West." Princton Architectural Press, New Youk, 2003. Web. The question of authenticity, or … transfigure nature through the unavoidable contribution of there own devices and prejudices. Our current focus on material economics and its rationality reflects the corruption of our energy production by modernity – focus on ontology is key to challenging violent politics – exclusively material focus trades off and ensures error replication and extinction Joronen 10 (Mikko, Dept of Geography and Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, U of Turku, The Age of Planetary Space: On Heidegger, Being, and Metaphysics of Globalization, pg. 4-5) As the former paragraphs indicate, … of matter wandering in empty universe, everything is called to be useable, penetrable, mouldable, ‘decodable’ and mobile. Dominating managerial logics driving reclamation prefer quantities over qualitative approaches towards the environment. This modern view of reality molds axiological and teleological foundations by transposing conceptions of modernity upon the natural environment. The blurring of the organic and technological natures has artificialized our relation to the environment and reduced it to crass capitalist manipulation. The recreation of these environments shape our individual and cultural conceptions of the environment Berger 2 Berger, Alan. "Reclaiming The American West." Princton Architectural Press, New Youk, 2003. Web. Mining nonrenewable resources … examples of post-modern or more specifically a post- technological landscape condition. These restrictions enframe the environment within commodities – this places the world as a Standing Reserve and determines notions of disposability – reclaimed cites act as areas of production, reproduction and commodification – replicating logics of consumption Ziarek 12 (Krzysztof, Professor of Comparative Literature at SUNY-Buffalo, "The Global Unworld: A Meditative Manifesto", Impasses of the Post-Global: Theory in the era of Climate Change, Vol. 2, Alcibiades and Lenny) The remarks cited above prepare the way … from Foucault and Deleuze to Negri, Agamben, or Esposito.¶ Operating under the assumption of the standing reserve posits humanity as the master of nature. This subject object dichotomy justifies infinite consumption and evacuates the investigation of being. Ziarek 12 (Krzysztof, Professor of Comparative Literature at SUNY-Buffalo, "The Global Unworld: A Meditative Manifesto", Impasses of the Post-Global: Theory in the era of Climate Change, Vol. 2, Alcibiades and Lenny) In “Overcoming Metaphysics,” a collection … abandonment of Being. (84, modified)¶ This assessment of being conflates modernity and technology by setting up humanity as the master to control nature. This subject object orientation closes down new modes of social and environmental interaction in favor of capitalist proclivities. Technology may be inevitably modern- however our interaction with it is not. Irwin 8 Irwin, Ruth. "Technological Enframing." Heidegger, Politics, Climate Change and Risking It All. New York: ContinuumInternational Group, 2008. N. pag. Print. The narrow perception of technology … co-opted into ever-increasing science of govermentality (Foucault, Absent a reorientation modernity recreates environmental crises by conceptualizing the environment as a resource to consume. Ross, 07 Andrew Peter, PhD candidate Queens University department of philosophy, September "Rethinking Environmental Responsibility: Heidegger, Profound Boredom and the Alterity of Nature” https://qspace.library.queensu.ca/bitstream/1974/866/1/Ross_ Andrew_P_200709_MA.pdf In order to capture the full importance … nothing other than Bestand. Thus the Plan: the United States federal government should no longer condition the production of coal upon the reclamation of land. Discontinuing our reclamation of the environment allows us to reconceive our perception of the environment. Our Relationship to the environment and technology shapes political futures and determines our ethical alignments – embracing the possibility of consequences for our own actions consume nihilism driving inquiry into Being. Irwin 8 Irwin, Ruth. "Technological Enframing." Heidegger, Politics, Climate Change and Risking It All. New York: ContinuumInternational Group, 2008. N. pag. Print. By thinking back through the horizion … and particularly our ability to adapt to climate change as a boundary of possibility. Critisim is a prior question to engage productive politics Irwin 8 Irwin, Ruth. "Technological Enframing." Heidegger, Politics, Climate Change and Risking It All. New York: ContinuumInternational Group, 2008. N. pag. Print. Technological enframing is at …of Being and of truth. Ontological violence is a prerequisite for calculated action responding to ontic violence Joronen, 2k10 (Mikko, Dept of Geography and Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, U of Turku, The Age of Planetary Space: On Heidegger, Being, and Metaphysics of Globalization, pg) It is crucial to notice that because … is therefore needed.

Date

Entry

11/09/2012

Offshore Wind

Tournament: UMKC | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Advantage One: Warming
Warming is real and anthropogenic-4 reasons
Prothero 12 (M.A., M.Phil., and Ph.D. degrees in geological sciences from Columbia University, and a B.A. in geology and biology from the University of California, Riverside, Professor of Geology at Occidental College in Los Angeles, and Lecturer in Geobiology at the California Institute of Technology, “How We Know Global Warming is Real and Human Caused” Skeptic. Altadena: 2012. Vol. 17, Iss. 2; pg. 14, 10 pgs, proquest) HDG
How do we know that global warming… most of the world's river deltas) would be drowned

Warming is an existential threat
Mazo 10 – PhD in Paleoclimatology from UCLA
Jeffrey Mazo, Managing Editor, Survival and Research Fellow for Environmental Security and Science Policy at the International Institute for Strategic Studies in London, 3-2010, “Climate Conflict: How global warming threatens security and what to do about it,” pg. 122
The best estimates for global warming… profound social, cultural and political changes

Scientific Consensus goes aff
EDF 11 (Environmental Defense Fund, leading national nonprofit organization representing more than 700,000 members. Citing Science and the IPCC, as well as other multinational climate organizations, “Scientific Consensus on the Basic Facts of Global Warming,” http://www.edf.org/climate/scientific-consensus)
The most respected scientific… The time to start working on solutions is now.

Warming destroys the oceans worse than the past 300 million years – increasing acidification
Hance 12
Jeremy Hance¶ mongabay.com 2,600 scientists: climate change killing the world's coral reefs¶ ¶ July 10, 2012¶ http://news.mongabay.com/2012/0710-hance-coral-reefs-climate-statment.html
In an unprecedented show of concern… There is a window of opportunity for the world to act on climate change—but it is closing rapidly."

Acidification destroys all ocean life
Gerhardt 11
Tina Gerhardt is an independent journalist. Her work has appeared in the Nation, the Wall Street Journal, and many other publications Our Oceans Are in Dire Shape, But Without Them All Life on Land -- Human, Plant and Animal -- Is Totally Screwed http://www.alternet.org/story/152636/our_oceans_are_in_dire_shape%2C_but_without_them_all_life_on_land_~-~-_human%2C_plant_and_animal_~-~-_is_totally_screwed
Global warming has often been… needed through solar and wind energy would emit less greenhouse gas emissions.

Oceans are key to life on Earth
Spencer 09
Ben Spencer ¶Reporter for the West Australian The Oceans of Life http://benspencer.hubpages.com/hub/The-Oceans-Of-Life
Ever since the Earth was formed, life has depended… Without the ocean, there is no life.

On the brink of runaway warming now – Tipping points can be averted
Kelly 12
, Kelly 2012. 400 PPM: Carbon Dioxide Levels Cross A Sobering New Threshold. http://insights.wri.org/news/2012/06/400-ppm-carbon-dioxide-levels-cross-sobering-new-threshold (Kelly Levin is a senior associate with WRI’s major emerging economies objective. She leads WRI’s Measurement and Performance Tracking Project, which builds capacity in developing countries to create and enhance systems that track emissions and emissions reductions associated with climate and energy policies and low-carbon development goals.)
Carbon dioxide is the greenhouse… on people, ecosystems, and economies around the world.

Offshore wind solves for greenhouse gasses
Shroeder 10
Erica Shroeder California Law Review, Volume 98 | issue 5, Article 5. “Turning offshore wind on” 10/31/2010- Erica Schroeder, Turning Offshore Wind On, 98 Cal. L. Rev. 1631 (2010). Available at: http://scholarship.law.berkeley.edu/californialawreview/vol98/iss5/4
Once a wind project is built… cool traditional coal,¶ gas, and nuclear generation units.68

Advantage Two: Hegemony
Prior US energy policy created a boost lifting the United States above China – but the previous market incentives will expire leaving the United States in a critical turning point
Bullard 12
Nathaniel, Bloomberg News, Jan 18, http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-01-18/u-s-clean-energy-leadership-is-misleadingly-strong-after-a-record-2011.html, Online 12
The season has already brought all manner wintry wonders… proposition in zero-carbon power generation.

Nonpolarity results in global war – only a shift in US energy policy can solve
Haass 8
Richard N, President of the CFR, The Age of Nonpolarity: What will follow US Dominance, Foreign Affairs, Online 12
The United States can... without hurting the U.S. economy

Offshore wind is key to producing a sustainable energy resource – equivalent to the total US capacity
Melnyk and Andersen 9
Markian and Robert, Atlantic Wind Connection, Offshore Power: Building Renewable Energy Projects in U.S. Waters, Online 12
Numbers can deceive; so what is really behind… installed U.S. generating capacity

The system has moved into non-polarity increasing international tensions – must have a leadership role to ensure success of multilateral institutions
Serfaty 11
Simon, CSIS, Moving into a Post-Western World, Washington Quarterly, 34:2, pp 7-23, Online 12
The ‘‘unipolar moment’’ that followed… be an unclear, ambiguous, and delicate process.

Sustained clean energy policy key to allowing green leadership
Bolze '11
Steve, Pres and CEO of GE Power and Water, "America Lacks Policy Leadership," 11/2/11, posted on Natinoal Journal's Ask the Experts, http://energy.nationaljournal.com/2011/10/is-america-losing-the-clean-en.php?comments=expandall#comments, AD 8/26/12
The race America is clearly losing … clean energy policy over the finish line.

The United States is still a potential leader of the nonpolar system – must make a movement towards global norms to establish multilateral cooperation
Foot and Walter 12
Rosemary, PhD International Relations, Andrew, Professor @ London School of Economics and Political Science, Feb 6, European Journal of International Relations, Global Norms and Major State Behavior: the Cases of China and the United States, Online 12
Although it is beyond the scope of this article… substantial limits on its ability to address it.

Environmental leadership spills over to US credibility and multilateral success
NYT 2
New York Times 8-29-2002
FRANKFURT At present, there is much talk about the unparalleled strength of the United States on the world stage. Yet at this very moment the most powerful… to multilateral attempts at safeguarding the environment.

But federal loan guarantees don’t exist yet – key to offshore wind expansion – uncertainty precludes investment as banks only partially evaluate potential farms underfunding projects
Caperton et al '12
Richard W. Caperton is the Director of Clean Energy Investment, Michael Conathan is the Director of Ocean Policy, and Jackie Weidman is a Special Assistant for the Energy Opportunity team at American Progress. , "Encouraging Investment Is Key to U.S. Offshore Wind Development" 1/12/12 www.americanprogress.org/issues/2012/01/offshore_wind.html
Loan guarantees¶ Uncertainty around … Either way forward would help drive investment in the burgeoning offshore wind industry.

Multilateralism creates incremental reforms and long-term benefits
Dunne ‘11
Tim, Professor of International Relations at the Asia-Pacific Centre for the Responsibility to Protect, University of Queensland., "Mulitlateralism: Why process matters," 5/19/11 www.lowyinterpreter.org/?d=D - Multilateralism and its critics AD 1/29/12
Is the multilateral order in crisis? .. political and economic union of twenty seven countries and 500 million citizens?

Advantage Two: Economy
Economic stagnation now – will continue for a few more years
Rasmus 12
Jack Rasmus, professor of economics and political economy at Santa Clara University and St. Marys College U.S. GDP–Why the US Slowdown Will Continue http://jackrasmus.com/2012/07/28/u-s-gdp-why-the-us-slowdown-will-continue/
GDP for the first half of this year therefore has averaged… corporate ideology constantly pushed by politicians and the press, that ‘tax cuts create jobs’

Studies demonstrate that Economic stagnation also spreads international violence and war
Royal 10 — Jedidiah Royal, Director of Cooperative Threat Reduction at the U.S. Department of Defense, M.Phil. Candidate at the University of New South Wales, 2010 (“Economic Integration, Economic Signalling and the Problem of Economic Crises,” Economics of War and Peace: Economic, Legal and Political Perspectives, Edited by Ben Goldsmith and Jurgen Brauer, Published by Emerald Group Publishing, ISBN 0857240048, p. 213-215)
Less intuitive is how periods of economic decline… As such, the view presented here should be considered ancillary to those views.

Economic stagnation results in structural racism
Economist 12
http://www.economist.com/blogs/democracyinamerica/2012/06/economic-stagnation, online 12
IN HIS 2006 book, "The Moral Consequences of Economic Growth", Benjamin Friedman… wagons against the depredations of the outsider, of "the other".

Racism expands logical patterns which justify violence against the Other
Mendieta ‘2
(Eduardo, SUNY @ Stony Brook, Meeting of the Foucault Circle from To make live and to let die – Foucault on Racism, April 25)
This is where racism intervenes… threat and foes are biological in nature.

Offshore wind increases total output in comparison to status quo technology – respective environment ensures continual energy, reduced visual impact, and decreased noise emission
Diez 10
2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Why offshore wind energy? M. Dolores Esteban, J. Javier Diez*, Jose S. López, Vicente Negro Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, C/Profesor Aranguren S/N, 28040 Madrid, Spain Renewable Energy 36 (2011) 444e450
The main difference between onshore… bigger wind turbine units, achieving more production per install unit.

Current offshore wind energy program is behind the curve – expanded funding, updated grid infrastructure, and streamlined process for permitting and location to manage the difference – reinvigorates the manufacturing industry
Casey 12
Tina, Triple Pundit Online, April 24,US and UK to collaborate on Offshore Wind Power, http://www.triplepundit.com/2012/04/us-and-uk-partner-on-floating-wind-turbines/, online 12
The U.S. has to play a bit of catch-up… career innovators in advanced wind power tech.

Offshore wind is key to creating jobs in the United States and abroad in port economy
Hopkins 12
Robert B. Hopkins, Duane Morris LLP. "Offshore Wind Farms in US Waters Would Generate Both US and Foreign Maritime Jobs." Renewable Energy World. N.p., 12 July 2012. Web. 22 Aug. 2012. http://www.renewableenergyworld.com/rea/news/article/2012/07/offshore-wind-farms-in-u-s-waters-would-generate-both-u-s-and-foreign-maritime-jobs?cmpid=rss.
¶ With no offshore wind energy… involved in construction and maintenance.

These jobs are permanent and create high demand for port economies
DOE 11
Department of Energy, Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Wind and Water Power Program
Department of the Interior, Bureau of Ocean Energy Management, Regulation, and Enforcement
February 7, 2011 http://www1.eere.energy.gov/wind/pdfs/national_offshore_wind_strategy.pdf
Deployment of wind energy along… maintenance of offshore wind turbines.

Ports are key to the overall economy
FTU 12
Florida Times-Union, Newspaper, Feb 24, http://www.jaxport.com/about-jaxport/newsroom/news/lead-letter-ports-are-vital-economy-nation, Online 12
Our economy is linked to our waterways… Our future reputation will be based on whether we improve our gateways to the world.

Plan: the United States federal government should cover the cost of new loan guarantees for offshore wind under the existing Department of Energy Loan Guarantee Program.

11/09/2012

Critical Warming

Tournament: UMKC | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
We have read the Offshore Wind plan text and the cards for the Warming Advantage. These cards are added to those, and the other 2 advantages are removed.

Portraying eco-damage as ‘extinction-level’ is a crucial communication act that forestalls complete extinction – it solves their turn because it sparks a new social ethic
Epstein and Zhao 9 – Lab of Medicine @ Hong Kong
Richard J. Epstein and Y. Zhao ‘9 – Laboratory of Computational Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, The Threat That Dare Not Speak Its Name; Human Extinction, Perspectives in Biology and Medicine Volume 52, Number 1, Winter 2009, Muse
Final ends for all species are… too often dismiss as “human nature” (Tudge 1989). End Page 122

Warming is the largest impact – its certainty requires that we transition away from current trends in policy making – we must orient our ethical questions towards the effects of a transforming climate on the most vulnerable nations in the world – this ethic assures we prevent the annihilation of the most vulnerable
Gordon 7
Ruth Gordon, Professor of Law at Villinova University, “The Climate of Environmental Justice: Taking Stock: Climate Change and the Poorest Nations: Further Reflections on Global Inequality”. Colorado Law Review, Lexis
There is no longer any question… vulnerable and technologically lacking low-income nations.

Global warming disproportionately effects the worlds most vulnerable populations – continued emissions affect all functions critical to a healthy and sustainable life
Goldman 11 – MD, Representative for the American Public Health Association
Lynn Goldman, MD, Representative for the American Public Health Association, 2-9-2011, “ENERGY AND TAX PREVENTION ACT OF 2011,” CQ Congressional Testimony, Lexis
Climate change is a public health… populations, children, the elderly and the poor.

No ethical principle justifies the inequality of climate change – mitigation is the utmost ethical imperative because it is the only thing that address structural injustice
Burkett 8 – Professor of Law
Maxine Burkett, Associate Professor, University of Colorado Law School, 2008, “Just Solutions to Climate Change: A Climate Justice Proposal for a Domestic Clean Development Mechanism,” 56 Buffalo L. Rev. 169, Lexis
The emerging field of "climate justice"… steeply in favor of the poor.

Government action is necessary. Alternatives like anarchy, localism, spirituality, and eco-centrism will get squashed and worsen current destruction
Indicts alternative. All of the alts don't work well because humans inev interact with the environment. Instead of ceding power to nation state we should work with.
Taylor 2k – Professor of Social Ethics
Bron, Professor of Religion and Social Ethics, Director of Environmental Studies, University of Wisconsin-Oshkosh, BENENEATH THE SURFACE: CRITICAL ESSAYS IN THE PHILOSOPHY OF DEEP ECOLOGY, P. 282-284
A more trenchant problem is how bioregionalists (and the anarchists… models will be overwhelmed and futile.

Problem-solution focus is necessary – environmental concerns are persistent and require government responses
Environmental pragmatism. You have to have an alt that the public can actually do. Because no one will do it.
Mintz 4 – Professor of Law
Joel Mintz, Prof. of Law, Nova Southeastern Univ. and Scholar at Center for Progressive Regulation; 2004, Boston College Environmental Affairs Law Review “SOME THOUGHTS ON THE MERITS OF PRAGMATISM AS A GUIDE TO ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION,” 31 B.C. Envtl. Aff. L. Rev. 1, HeinOnline
To this observer, pragmatism—and more_{, contended for by environmental legal writers.}

Representations of ecological extinction and resource conflict are the only way to motivate limits on consumption
Impact turn K link args based on reps. Says social pghyscilogy turns us into pacists, so we have to rep appeals to survival to create activism.
Heinberg 7 - Senior Fellow of the Post Carbon Institute
Richard, “Peak Everything,” Google Book
Is it possible, now and quickly, to… will have to happen very quickly.

And, contesting possible futures is an affirmation of life- it allows us to gamble on the future as open, making subversion of disciplinary subjectivities possible
Dunmire ‘3, (Patricia, Assoc. Prof. of English @ Kent State U, Preempting the future: rhetoric and ideology of the future in political discourse, Discourse and Society, Vol 16(4): 481–513 10.1177, muse)

Alessandrini (2003) calls for re-conceptualizing… for particular social fractions at particular moments. (p. 275)

11/09/2012

Ecopedagogy

Tournament: UNLV | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
*Contention One is the Environment*
The resolution is emblematic of the current climate debate – forcing the affirmative to choose either renewable or non-renewable energy resources – meaning a decision to maintain current trends or to split from the norm – or to decide on technology based upon economic feasibility.
This juxtaposition of energies represents the current climate debate. Dichotomous politics places economics and ecology against each other with government focus on fiscal concerns over environmental catastrophe. Through construction of peak conditions and the arrival of new reserves – environmentally destructive energy is preferred blocking all progressive political action – this opposition demands a support of the Anthropocene
Cohen 12
Tom, PhD Maryland, Telemorphis: theory in Era of Climate Change, Vol 1, Introduction, Online 12
Warnings regarding the planet earth’s… unaware of all the ruses that maintain that spurious home.

This modeling has co-opted all climate movements – attempting to engage the political under current ontological relation to the environment ensures Nature is symbolic and particular crafting an us-them dichotomy
Swyngedouw 6
(Erik, Department of Geography, School of Environment and Development, Manchester University, Impossible “Sustainability” and the Post-Political Condition, David Gibbs and Rob Krueger (Eds.) Sustainable Development Guilford Press, New York, www.liv.ac.uk/geography/seminars/Sustainabilitypaper.doc)
Environmentalists (whether activists or scientists) invariably… Questioning the politics of climate change in itself is already seen as an act of treachery, as an unlawful activity, banned by ‘Nature’ itself.

This acknowledgement of nature’s ethereal manner necessitates a redefinition of our relationship to nature – determines the real life interactions with the world around us
Don’t endorse gendered language
Altvater 6
Elmar, PhD Political Science,Centre for Civil Society Colloquium on the Economy, Society and Nature: 1-21., Online 12
The environment in synchronic… water and above all of oil

Our relationship to the environment and technology shapes political futures and determines our ethical alignments – embracing the possibility of consequences for our own actions consumes nihilism driving inquiry into being – absent this ethic, caring is impossible
Irwin 8
Irwin, Ruth. "Technological Enframing." Heidegger, Politics, Climate Change and Risking It All. New York: ContinuumInternational Group, 2008. N. pag. Print.
By thinking back through the horizion… adapt to climate change as a boundary of possibility.
Current climate methodologies cancel out subjectivity in relation to the environment – risk calculation of existential crisis results in crisis and a response predicated upon quick interactions – this prevents movements from success
Cohen 12
Tom, Telemorphis: theory in Era of Climate Change, Vol 1, Introduction, Online 12
If it is possible to note that theory’s retrieval of human and… been in circulation for a while.

*Contention Two is Our Inquiry*
Voting aff is an expression of solidarity with our eco- ontological analysis of the resolution. The role of the affirmative should be to affirm to a qualitative increase in energy production, not a quantitative one.
Qualitative conceptions of energy production are key – a reconceptualization of energy in terms of efficacy unveils an ethical production of energy
Byrne et al. 6
(John Byrne, Nobel Peace Prize Laureate for his contribution to the IPCC, director of the Center for Energy and Environmental Policy and distinguished professor of energy and climate policy at the University of Delaware, Noah Toly, Director of Urban Studies and Associate Professor of Politics and International Relations, Wheaton College, Young-Doo Wang, Young-Doo Wang is Associate Director of the Center for Energy and Environmental Policy and Professor of Energy and Environmental Policy and Urban Affairs and Public Policy at the University of Delaware, 2006, Transforming Power: Energy, Environment, and Society in Conflict, eds. John Byrne, Noah Toly, Leigh Glover, pp. vii-x)
Spiking prices. cartel decisions to limit… modem technology and economics (i.e., more, faster, and bigger are better).

Technology will inevitably exist within nature and interact with it – however, our enframing of that technology is not inevitably modern – the affirmative reorients relationships with nature acknowledging our interdependence making new social modes possible
Irwin 8
Irwin, Ruth. "Technological Enframing." Heidegger, Politics, Climate Change and Risking It All. New York: ContinuumInternational Group, 2008. N. pag. Print.
The narrow perception of technology as tools to… increasing science of govermentality.

And this pedagogy is key to prevent the destruction of the ecosphere – the status quo defers political engagement and forecloses the ability to eliminate difference and Otherization
Darder 10 (Professor Antonia Darder, Distinguished Professor of Education, University of Illinois, Urbana Champaign, “Preface” in Critical Pedagogy, Ecoliteracy, and Planetary Crisis: The Ecopedagogy Movement by Richard V. Kahn, 2010, pp. x-xiii) GENDER MODIFIED
It is fitting to begin my words about Richard Kahn’s Critical Pedagogy, Ecoliteracy… of all species with whom we walk the earth

The system is in flux – neoliberalism is being overtaken by more violent forms of knowledge – now is the key time to redirect the transition
Kellner 10 (Professor Douglas Kellner, George F. Kneller Philosophy of Education Chair, University of California, Los Angeles, “Afterword” in Critical Pedagogy, Ecoliteracy, and Planetary Crisis: The Ecopedagogy Movement by Richard V. Kahn, pp. 151-154)

Richard Kahn’s groundbreaking work Critical Pedagogy, Ecoliteracy, and Planetary Crisis: The Ecopedagogy Movement is distinguished… reconstruction of education and society.

New modes of pedagological engagement with the environment are critical – new movements are finding success but failure is inevitable without a bridging method to connect micro-organizations and the academy
Kahn 10 (Richard Kahn, Assistant Professor of Educational Foundations and Research at the University of North Dakota, Critical Pedagogy, Ecoliteracy, and Planetary Crisis: The Ecopedagogy Movement, 2010, pp. 17-19)

On the other hand, it is my belief that if education for sustainable development… to our cultural and historical memories . . . (Freire, 2004, pp. 46-47)

Speaking from within the academy is critical – we need to express networks of solidarity between debate and political movements
Giroux 11 (Henry A. Giroux, Global TV Network Chair in English and Cultural Studies at McMaster University, 21 November 2011, “Occupy Colleges Now: Students as the New Public Intellectuals”, http://www.truth-out.org/occupy-colleges-now-students-new-public-intellectuals/1321891418)

Finding our way to a more humane… meaning with the struggle for eliminating injustice wherever it occurs.

11/09/2012

Production-Consumption

Tournament: UCO | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Contention 1: The Political Economy

The call of the resolution represents a decision to produce- A juxtaposition of energies represents the current climate debate. Dichotomous politics places economics and ecology against each other with government focus on fiscal concerns over environmental catastrophe. Through construction of peak conditions and the arrival of new reserves – environmentally destructive energy is preferred blocking all progressive political action – this opposition demands a support of the Anthropocene
The affirmative Presents a third option
Cohen 12
Tom, PhD Maryland, Telemorphis: theory in Era of Climate Change, Vol 1, Introduction, Online 12
Warnings regarding … spurious home.

Policymaking has been co-opted by consumption – the politics of growth creates the conditions for unsustainable economics and energy policy
Princen 2 – Professor of Natural Resources @ U of Michigan
Thomas, Associate Professor of Natural Resources and Environmental Policy in the School of Natural Resources and Environment at the University of Michigan, where he also co-directs the Workshop on Consumption and Environment, Michael Maniates, Professor of Political Science and Environmental Science at Allegheny College, and Ken Conca, professor of Government and Politics at the University of Maryland, “Confronting Consumption,” Confronting Consumption, Chapter 1
Such intuition is even … via laws and regulations.

Our universal conception of the environment creates a symbolic categorization through modernity – this subject-object dichotomy commodifies nature and the Other
Luke 3
(Timothy W., Professor of Political Science at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, June-July, Alternatives, p. 393-95)
I want to assess … be regarded as rationally calculated action.

Production logics are utilized in the status quo to ensure political salience and reception of message – this manipulation of future timescapes undermines emancipatory paths and derails current movements
Cohen 12
Tom, Telemorphis: theory in Era of Climate Change, Vol 1, Introduction, Online 12
If it is possible … been in circulation for a while.

Only an epistemological shift away from production-oriented mindsets is capable of creating a sustainable system – adopting a consumption mindset allows for critical evaluation of environmental stress
Princen 2 – Professor of Natural Resources @ U of Michigan
Thomas, Associate Professor of Natural Resources and Environmental Policy in the School of Natural Resources and Environment at the University of Michigan, where he also co-directs the Workshop on Consumption and Environment, Michael Maniates, Professor of Political Science and Environmental Science at Allegheny College, and Ken Conca, professor of Government and Politics at the University of Maryland, “Confronting Consumption,” Confronting Consumption, Chapter 2
The difficulty in conducting … cautious consuming is better.7

Contention 2: Our Analysis
The resolution only asks for us to produce more energy – the call for increased domestic production of energy forecloses alternative methodologies for approaching resource sustainability – this form of pedagogy ensures the continuation of a production-based mindset in relation to energy – an epistemic shift towards consumption-based energy policy shapes our policy and addresses underlying structures
Princen 2 – Professor of Natural Resources @ U of Michigan
Thomas, Associate Professor of Natural Resources and Environmental Policy in the School of Natural Resources and Environment at the University of Michigan, where he also co-directs the Workshop on Consumption and Environment, Michael Maniates, Professor of Political Science and Environmental Science at Allegheny College, and Ken Conca, professor of Government and Politics at the University of Maryland, “Confronting Consumption,” Confronting Consumption, Chapter 1
Given our dissatisfaction … new forms of intervention.

(Only read sometimes) Plan: United States federal government should remove all restrictions on qualitative energy production in the United States.

This is followed by the Ecopedagogy Framework that is in the Ecopedagogy 1AC.

11/10/2012

Kobe

Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
We choose to respond to the topic with an act of openness – modernity’s co-option of resoluteness has constructed a subject-object relationship to the questions posed upon us – our unflinching act of openness returns to the Everyday and allows ontological repositioning
Odysseos 7
(Louiza, Senior Lecturer in International Relations at University of Sussex, “The Subject of Coexistence,” p. 108)
What is of concern is whether the charge… coexistence in chapter 3.

Our openness is a site of unfolding critical to disengage systems of ordering and transitioning away from modern enframing – out of this a new space is created
Joronen 10
(Mikko, Dept of Geography and Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, U of Turku, The Age of Planetary Space: On Heidegger, Being, and Metaphysics of Globalization, pg 183-84)
As already implicated in previous sub-sections, … the abyss (of time-space) (Malpas 2006:254–255; Polt 2006:185).
The status quo’s ontic economic rationalities reflect modernity’s corruption of our ontological relationship to energy production – the affs focus on ontological commitments is key to challenging violent politics – focus on ontic consequences forecloses change and ensures error replication and extinction
Joronen 10
(Mikko, Dept of Geography and Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, U of Turku, The Age of Planetary Space: On Heidegger, Being, and Metaphysics of Globalization, pg. 4-5)
As the former paragraphs indicate, … is called to be useable, penetrable, mouldable, ‘decodable’ and mobile.
Technology inevitably exists within our interactions with nature and constructs the ontic ground that we act within – however, our enframing of that technology is not inevitably modern – the affirmative is a pre-requisite to eliminating prior questioning
Irwin 8
Irwin, Ruth. "Technological Enframing." Heidegger, Politics, Climate Change and Risking It All. New York: ContinuumInternational Group, 2008. N. pag. Print.
The narrow perception of … ever-increasing science of govermentality (Foucault,
Calculations and representations of the world within modernity produces a false sense of subjectivity and certainty in the world – this separates the subject from the object creating an incomprehensible interaction with Nature
Joronen 10
(Mikko, Dept of Geography and Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, U of Turku, The Age of Planetary Space: On Heidegger, Being, and Metaphysics of Globalization, pg 183-84)
It is interesting that, even though the … such calculative ordering of things.

Technological enframing of the environment commodifies the world into a standing reserve – calls for quantification and control over the world around us repeatedly occurs within modernity eliminating value to life
Ziarek 12
(Krzysztof, Professor of Comparative Literature at SUNY-Buffalo, "The Global Unworld: A Meditative Manifesto", Impasses of the Post-Global: Theory in the era of Climate Change, Vol. 2, Alcibiades and Lenny)
The remarks cited above prepare the way for … from Foucault and Deleuze to Negri, Agamben, or Esposito.¶
The standing reserve creates continual consumption – modernity’s subject-object dichotomy places humanity as masters and orders the things around us
Ziarek 12
(Krzysztof, Professor of Comparative Literature at SUNY-Buffalo, "The Global Unworld: A Meditative Manifesto", Impasses of the Post-Global: Theory in the era of Climate Change, Vol. 2, Alcibiades and Lenny)
In “Overcoming Metaphysics,” …the abandonment of Being. (84, modified)¶

Calculation of these standing reserves commodifies individuals to the point of eliminating value to life – individuals are repeatedly devalued to impossible extents
Dillon 99
(Michael, Prof of Politics + Int'l Relations @ Lancaster Univ., Political Theory, p. 164-165)
Otherness is born(e) within the self as … is integral to the lack constitutive of the human way of being.
Relationship to the environment and technology shapes political futures and determines our ethical alignments – embracing the possibility of consequences for our own actions consumes nihilism driving inquiry into Being
Irwin 8
Irwin, Ruth. "Technological Enframing." Heidegger, Politics, Climate Change and Risking It All. New York: ContinuumInternational Group, 2008. N. pag. Print.
By thinking back through … a boundary of possibility.
We must begin with questions of Being, praxis is not possible without determining our relationship to the world. A shift towards relationality to the things around us precludes the formation of standing reserve and creates ontological repositioning
Ziarek 12
(Krzysztof, Professor of Comparative Literature at SUNY-Buffalo, "The Global Unworld: A Meditative Manifesto", Impasses of the Post-Global: Theory in the era of Climate Change, Vol. 2, Alcibiades and Lenny)
What is necessary for the world to … are being raised and are allowed to resonate.¶
Ontological relationality grounds knowledge practices and shapes political action – only an interrogation of the resolution can open the individual towards the totality of possible interactions
Burke 7
(Anthony, Senior Lecturer in Politics and International Relations at UNSW, Sydney, “Ontologies of War: Violence, Existence and Reason”, Theory and Event, 10.2, Muse)
What I am trying to describe in this … tragically violent 'choices' will continue to be made.
Power shapes the world around us – it rejects that which cannot be perceived and effected immediately – reserves are created as boundaries are defined and all things are encapsulated by humanity
Ziarek 12
(Krzysztof, Professor of Comparative Literature at SUNY-Buffalo, "The Global Unworld: A Meditative Manifesto", Impasses of the Post-Global: Theory in the era of Climate Change, Vol. 2, Alcibiades and Lenny)
Heidegger’s meditations on the character, … economic operations of capital, or military force.¶
Plan: the United States federal government should remove restrictions on all topic energies in order to openly engage the resolution as a place of unfolding.

01/05/2013

Lacan

Tournament: Texas Swings | Round: 3 | Opponent: Texas CM | Judge: Spurlock
In 1977, the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act passed with the purpose of defending social and economic interests. Through an overarching extension of government power and involvement, the policy attempted to create a balance between economic and environmental benefit by demanding either an increase in productivity or the reclamation of post-mining land to natural conditions.
OSMRE 2006
"Public Law 95-87 Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977." Http://www.osmre.gov/topic/SMCRA/SMCRA.shtm. This Is an Unofficial Compilation of P.L. 95-87, the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977 (SMCRA), Passed August 3, 1977. It Includes All Revisions to SMCRA through December 20, 2006. Users of This Compilation Should Be Aware That There Are Slight Variations between the Public Law as Enacted and the Version Codified in the U.S. Code. When Citing SMCRA, the U.S. Code Is the Only Official Source., n.d. Web.
It is the purpose of this Act to – ¶ (a) establish a nationwide program… control of surface coal mining operations.

SMCRA represents the uniform standard for ecological sustainability in coal mining– society’s demand for productivity in all spaces results in either the commodification of the environment or the reclamation of the land creating a utopian ideal of Nature resulting in the propagation of similar policies
Berger 2
Berger, Alan. "Reclaiming The American West." Princton Architectural Press, New Youk, 2003. Web.
Early landscape reclamation efforts in America were directly relational to notions of profitability. In the early 1900’s Mining companies sought… of the American West as it is now known.

Utopian constructions of Nature result in violence against those who dissent and forms antagonisms – individuals that don’t align with the government’s prescriptions are excised from the population
Stavrakakis 99 (Yannis, Lacan and the Political, Visiting Professor, Department of Government, University of Essex, pages 100-101).
In order to answer these questions it is crucial to enumerate the conditions of possibility and the basic characteristics of utopian thinking. First of all it seems that the need for utopian meaning… functioning society as a highly problematic area (seminar of 18 June 1958).

Utopia and apocalypse are interchangeable – the attempt at creating a harmonious atmosphere requires the extermination of the viral element within
STAVRAKAKIS – VISITING FELLOW IN GOV'T, UNIV. OF ESSEX – '99
Yannis, Lacan and the Political, pg. 107-109
bj
In the light of our theoretical framework… is not that far from dystopia.

SMCRA’s reconstruction of nature through reclamation acts as a suppression of the Real – ecological damage sustained through coal mining is justified in the name of our artificial value of the environment based on commodification. This depoliticized view is produced through our material interactions.
Berger 2
Berger, Alan. "Reclaiming The American West." Princton Architectural Press, New Youk, 2003. Web.
Mining nonrenewable resources from… post-modern or more specifically a post- technological landscape condition.

The reclamation of post-mining land demonstrates the end of Nature – and the construction of a post-political view of Natural conditions. These conditions inform normative bias and determine our interactions with the world in direct contrast to the Real causing ecological catastrophes. Post-politics utilizes these events to extend their reality and reinforce a drive to consume
Swyngedouw 11
¶ Erik Swyngedouw (2011). Depoliticized Environments: The End of Nature, Climate¶ Change and the PostPolitical¶ Condition. Royal Institute of Philosophy¶ Supplement, 69, pp 253274¶ doi:10.1017/S1358246111000300
The death or the end of Nature has been announced many times… upon a growing concern for a Nature that seems to veer off-balance.

Modernity has crafted subjectivity within the realm of Nature allowing for each individual to demand a re-evaluation of politics – Reclamation endorses a form of green capitalism that suppresses the Real through the construction of Nature as a commodity
Swyngedouw 11
¶ Erik Swyngedouw (2011). Depoliticized Environments: The End of Nature, Climate¶ Change and the PostPolitical¶ Condition. Royal Institute of Philosophy¶ Supplement, 69, pp 253274¶ doi:10.1017/S1358246111000300
We are not any longer objects of Nature,… needs to endorse this heterogeneity fully

This commodification of the land is predicated on the authenticity of the site – placing values on pristine environments due to the abundance of resources. Through random events, the reclamation of these sites in an attempt to restore value fail to achieve original meaning
Berger 2
Berger, Alan. "Reclaiming The American West." Princton Architectural Press, New Youk, 2003. Web.
The question of authenticity, or what philosophers call ontological value… unavoidable contribution of there own devices and prejudices.

SMCRA’s post-political condition has reduced government involvement in coal mining to management, administration and the calculation of risk for each project. By adhering to democratic ideals, this system precludes uprisings while endorsing capitalism, democracy, and humanitarianism.
Swyngedow 09
SWYNGEDOUW, ERIK. “The Antinomies of the Postpolitical City:¶ In Search of a Democratic Politics of¶ Environmental Production” Volume 33.3 September 2009 International Journal of Urban and Regional Research
DOI:10.1111/j.1468-2427.2009.00859.
In this sense, environmental and other politics… takes people’s concrete needs and demands into account (Žižek, 1999b: 198).

THUS THE PLAN: THE UNITED FEDERAL GOVERNMENT SHOULD NO LONGER CONDITION THE PRODUCTION OF COAL UPON THE RECLAMATION OF LAND

01/26/2013

Reclamation 2.0

Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Reclamation- Heidegger 1AC
In 1977, the Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act passed with the purpose of defending social and economic interests. Through an overarching extension of government power and involvement, the policy attempted to create a balance between economic and environmental benefit by demanding either an increase in productivity or the reclamation of post-mining land to natural conditions.
Squillace 90
Professor Mark Squillace is the Director of the Natural Resources Law Center at the University of Colorado Law School The Strip Mining Handbook https://sites.google.com/site/stripmininghandbook/a-brief-review-of-smcra
The Surface Mining Reclamation … vegetative cover in the affected area.

Reclamation efforts driven are Notions of probability. This produces drastic reordering of the natural landscape to transform useless sites toward more productive human centered use.
Berger 2
Berger, Alan. "Reclaiming The American West." Princton Architectural Press, New Youk, 2003. Web.
Early landscape reclamation … landscape of the American West as it is now known.
This commodification of the land recreates the authenticity of the natural environment. Rather than restoring to the original contours, the environment develops new ontological value representing of notions of market fundamentalism.
Berger 2
Berger, Alan. "Reclaiming The American West." Princton Architectural Press, New Youk, 2003. Web.
The question of authenticity, or … transfigure nature through the unavoidable contribution of there own devices and prejudices.
Our current focus on material economics and its rationality reflects the corruption of our energy production by modernity – focus on ontology is key to challenging violent politics – exclusively material focus trades off and ensures error replication and extinction
Joronen 10
(Mikko, Dept of Geography and Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, U of Turku, The Age of Planetary Space: On Heidegger, Being, and Metaphysics of Globalization, pg. 4-5)
As the former paragraphs indicate, … of matter wandering in empty universe, everything is called to be useable, penetrable, mouldable, ‘decodable’ and mobile.
Dominating managerial logics driving reclamation prefer quantities over qualitative approaches towards the environment. This modern view of reality molds axiological and teleological foundations by transposing conceptions of modernity upon the natural environment. The blurring of the organic and technological natures has artificialized our relation to the environment and reduced it to crass capitalist manipulation. The recreation of these environments shape our individual and cultural conceptions of the environment
Berger 2
Berger, Alan. "Reclaiming The American West." Princton Architectural Press, New Youk, 2003. Web.
Mining nonrenewable resources … examples of post-modern or more specifically a post- technological landscape condition.

These restrictions enframe the environment within commodities – this places the world as a Standing Reserve and determines notions of disposability – reclaimed cites act as areas of production, reproduction and commodification – replicating logics of consumption
Ziarek 12
(Krzysztof, Professor of Comparative Literature at SUNY-Buffalo, "The Global Unworld: A Meditative Manifesto", Impasses of the Post-Global: Theory in the era of Climate Change, Vol. 2, Alcibiades and Lenny)
The remarks cited above prepare the way … from Foucault and Deleuze to Negri, Agamben, or Esposito.¶

Operating under the assumption of the standing reserve posits humanity as the master of nature. This subject object dichotomy justifies infinite consumption and evacuates the investigation of being.
Ziarek 12
(Krzysztof, Professor of Comparative Literature at SUNY-Buffalo, "The Global Unworld: A Meditative Manifesto", Impasses of the Post-Global: Theory in the era of Climate Change, Vol. 2, Alcibiades and Lenny)
In “Overcoming Metaphysics,” a collection … abandonment of Being. (84, modified)¶

This assessment of being conflates modernity and technology by setting up humanity as the master to control nature. This subject object orientation closes down new modes of social and environmental interaction in favor of capitalist proclivities. Technology may be inevitably modern- however our interaction with it is not.
Irwin 8
Irwin, Ruth. "Technological Enframing." Heidegger, Politics, Climate Change and Risking It All. New York: ContinuumInternational Group, 2008. N. pag. Print.
The narrow perception of technology … co-opted into ever-increasing science of govermentality (Foucault,

Absent a reorientation modernity recreates environmental crises by conceptualizing the environment as a resource to consume.
Ross, 07 Andrew Peter, PhD candidate Queens University department of philosophy, September "Rethinking Environmental Responsibility: Heidegger, Profound Boredom and the Alterity of Nature” https://qspace.library.queensu.ca/bitstream/1974/866/1/Ross_ Andrew_P_200709_MA.pdf

In order to capture the full importance … nothing other than Bestand.

Thus the Plan: the United States federal government should no longer condition the production of coal upon the reclamation of land.
Discontinuing our reclamation of the environment allows us to reconceive our perception of the environment. Our Relationship to the environment and technology shapes political futures and determines our ethical alignments – embracing the possibility of consequences for our own actions consume nihilism driving inquiry into Being.
Irwin 8
Irwin, Ruth. "Technological Enframing." Heidegger, Politics, Climate Change and Risking It All. New York: ContinuumInternational Group, 2008. N. pag. Print.
By thinking back through the horizion … and particularly our ability to adapt to climate change as a boundary of possibility.
Critisim is a prior question to engage productive politics
Irwin 8
Irwin, Ruth. "Technological Enframing." Heidegger, Politics, Climate Change and Risking It All. New York: ContinuumInternational Group, 2008. N. pag. Print.
Technological enframing is at …of Being and of truth.

Ontological violence is a prerequisite for calculated action responding to ontic violence
Joronen, 2k10
(Mikko, Dept of Geography and Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, U of Turku, The Age of Planetary Space: On Heidegger, Being, and Metaphysics of Globalization, pg)
It is crucial to notice that because … is therefore needed.

Round Reports

Tournament	Round	Report
Wake Forest	5	Opponent: Oklahoma CL \| Judge: Odekirk 2AC Aff is about a question of openess Because it can change possibilities, openess is key to the alt Sqo is bad, only open knowledge and orientation will change it 3 Impacts: Value to Life- ext. Dillon-neg modernity gets commodified 2. No possibility of knowing what is real v. false-ext. Burke, ext. Irwin 3. Cooption Modernity shapes the impacts Ext. Zolerick- Aff is a criticism of the world right now Aff is necessary to calculate thought Modernity shapes relationship to the environment Reconceptualizing nature is key to change Managerialism bad-ext. Irwin Perm do both- Neg is the result of a sqo with no openness Endorse a form of "new knowing" Must be reflexive toward experience Openness can be corrective Neg is a link of omission The idea of "openness" is open to multiple interps Takes out top level-Brother 2 Calculation of technology oppresses people- Heidegger 6 ! Ontological violence Perm, do the plan and the alt in all other instances Political calculations inevitable Ideology behind identity makes separation/oppression inevitable creates violence, so the neg cannot solve

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Wake Forest

Opponent: Oklahoma CL | Judge: Odekirk

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Created by Drew Bonnet on 2012/09/19 21:35

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