SMR's Aff

ADV 1 – The Environment

Nuclear renaissance now – US subsidizing the industry – but that’s not enough
Worthington 12 (David Worthington, February 9, 2012, The U.S. nuclear renaissance has begun  , Smart Planet,http://www.smartplanet.com/blog/intelligent-energy/the-us-nuclear-renaissance-has-begun/13058

There are cooling towers on the
at a cost of US$14 billion, CNNreported.

Nuclear power is comparatively better for the environment
Lynas & Goodall ‘11
(Mark, Visiting Research Associate at Oxford University’s School of Geography and the Environment, Chris, environmental contributor to the Guardian and financial analyst, “The dangers of nuclear power in light of Fukushima”, http://www.marklynas.org/2011/03/the-dangers-of-nuclear-power-in-light-of-fukushima/)

For all its problems, nuclear power
such as that at Fukushima is poor policy-making.

SCENARIO 1 – DESAL 

Global water shortages coming – expert evidence
Springer 08/10/2012 (Richard, Staff Reporter, “Time Running Out in Global Water Crisis: Researchers”, http://indiawest.com/news/5983-time-running-out-in-global-water-crisis-researchers.html)

The global water crisis was examined
adequate supplies of fresh water,” he added.

Nuclear desalination is key to prevent coming global water crisis, Ogalla aquifer – tech is feasible
Witte ’11 – professor of mechanical engineering specializing in energy transport and thermodynamics at the University of Houston (Larry C, “Time has come to harness nuclear power for water desalination”, November 4, www.chron.com/opinion/outlook/article/Time-has-come-to-harness-nuclear-power-for-water-2252669.php)

The spread of arid regions
problems should be a warning of things to come.

SMRs are competitive with large reactors – will be adopted in developed and developing economies
Solan et al., Public Policy Prof @ Boise State, ’10
[David Solan, Director, Energy Policy Institute (EPI), Associate Director, Center for Advanced Energy Studies (CAES), Assistant Professor, Public Policy and Administration, Boise State, Geoffrey A Black, PhD, Associate Professor, Department Chair, Economics, Boise State, et al. “Economic and Employment Impacts of Small Modular Reactors,” June 2010]
Other advantages of SMRs over conventional
applications that have the most potential for large-¬‐scale commercialization.

Water shortages escalate to nuclear conflict and extinction
NASCA 2K6 (National Association for Scientific & Cultural Appreciation “Water Shortages – Only A Matter Of Time.” http://www.nasca.org.uk/Strange_relics_/water/water.html)

Water is one of the prime essentials for life as we know it.
for which there will be no obvious answer.

SCENARIO 2 – CLIMATE CHANGE 

Climate consensus is real and science is robust – we have the entire scientific community on our side – we indict your indictments
Somerville 11 – Professor of Oceanography @ UCSD
Richard Somerville, Distinguished Professor Emeritus and Research Professor at Scripps Institution of Oceanography at the University of California, San Diego, Coordinating Lead Author in Working Group I for the 2007 Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, 3-8-2011, “CLIMATE SCIENCE AND EPA'S GREENHOUSE GAS REGULATIONS,” CQ Congressional Testimony, Lexis

It is a standard tactic of
they are a Galileo are simply wrong. Facts matter.
Warming is real and anthropogenic and reversible if we start mitigation now.
Nuccitelli 11 (Dana Nuccitelli is an environmental scientist at a private environmental consulting firm in the Sacramento, California area. He has a Bachelor's Degree in astrophysics from the University of California at Berkeley, and a Master's Degree in physics from the University of California at Davis. He has been researching climate science, economics, and solutions as a hobby since 2006, and has contributed to Skeptical Science since September, 2010., Updated 2011, Originally Posted 9/24/2010, “The Big Picture”, http://www.skepticalscience.com/big-picture.html)

The Earth is Warming We know
and failing to do so would be exceptionally foolish.
Renewables key to solve warming long-term but bridge tech is key in the interim
Nordhaus and Shellenberger ‘12 (Ted Nordhaus, energy analyst and chairman of the Breakthrough Institute, and Michael Shellenberger, energy analyst, author and president of the Breakthrough Institute, February 27, 2012, “Beyond Cap and Trade, A New Path to Clean Energy,” Yale Environment 360, http://goo.gl/dtQf4)

A funny thing happened while environmentalists were
substitute for making clean energy cheap. 

SMRs solve warming by providing a bridge to renewable energy that solves warming
Clayton, ‘10
(Mark, Staff Writer, “Nuclear power: Obama team touts mini-nukes to fight global warming”, The Christian Science Monitor,
http://www.csmonitor.com/USA/2010/0330/Nuclear-power-Obama-team-touts-mini-nukes-to-fight-global-warming, accessed 8-3-12)
To fight global warming,
to 'plug and play' upon arrival," he wrote.

Global warming causes extinction without the aff
.  – Terry L. Deibel, Professor of National Strategy at the National War College, 2007, Foreign Affairs Strategy: Logic for American Statecraft, p. 387-389
Finally, there is one major existential threat
 continued existence of life on this planet.

ADV 2 – Nuclear Domination
Development of nuclear power increasing worldwide – Fukushima hasn’t deterred
Barber, Chief Analyst for Energy Central, 8-30
[Wayne Barber, Chief of Generation for Energy Central's Generation Hub, “IAEA Report Finds Fukushima Didn't Cripple Nuclear Future,” August 30th 2012, http://www.energybiz.com/article/12/08/iaea-report-finds-fukushima-didnt-cripple-nuclear-future]
Less than 18 months after the meltdown accident
“although there is room for further improvement,” IAEA said.

We are losing the tech race now.  Failure to maintain nuclear leadership risks prolif, conflicts, and meltdowns – cedes nonprolif and nuclear safety to the next developer
Wallace and Williams, 2012 (Michael, Senior Advisor at the CSIS and Nuclear Energy Expert; Sarah, Program Coordinator and Research Associate for the U.S. Nuclear Energy Project at the CSIS; “Nuclear Energy in America: Preventing its Early Demise”, Center for Strategic and International Studies, Global Forecast, April 11, http://csis.org/files/publication/120417_gf_wallace_williams.pdf)

America’s nuclear energy industry is in decline.
and take action to prevent its early demise.

An SMR lead revival of the industry restores US nuclear leadership which controls proliferation risks
Loudermilk, Senior Energy Associate @ NDU, ’11
[Micah J. Loudermilk, Senior Associate for the Energy & Environmental Security Policy program with The Institute for National Strategic Studies at National Defense University, “Small Nuclear Reactors and US Energy Security: Concepts, Capabilities, and Costs,” Journal of Energy Security, May 2011, http://www.ensec.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=314:small-nuclear-reactors-and-us-energy-security-concepts-capabilities-and-costs&catid=116:content0411&Itemid=375]
Combating proliferation with US leadership:
and concerns over the widespread distribution of nuclear fuel allayed.

SCENARIO 1 PROLIF
Decline of the US nuclear industry undermines non-proliferation safeguards
Loudermilk, Senior Energy Associate @ NDU, ’11
[Micah J. Loudermilk, Senior Associate for the Energy & Environmental Security Policy program with The Institute for National Strategic Studies at The National Defense University, “In Defense of Small Reactors: A Response,” February 23rd 2011, http://csis.org/blog/defense-small-reactors-response]
Smith’s final contention takes issue
but also from a mindset of preserving the nonproliferation agenda.
Proliferation risks nuclear war due to brinkmanship games- questions of deterrence miss the point – multiple hotspots
Kroenig 12
(Matthew, assistant professor of Government at Georgetown University and a Stanton Nuclear Security Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations, “The History of Proliferation Optimism:  Does It Have A Future?” Non Proliferation Policy Center, http://npolicy.org/article.php?aid=1182&tid=30#_ftn11)

First and foremost, proliferation optimists
of their analysis and fail to make a compelling case.

And err aff – even if prolif doesn’t cause conflict 99% of the time – 1% means extinction
Knopf 2002  (Jeffrey, Department of National Security Affairs at the Naval Postgraduate School, “Recasting the proliferation optimism-pessimism debate”, Security Studies, October, Vol. 12, Issue 1)

Optimists and pessimists have increasingly
than the decisionmaking theory of pessimists. 

Proliferations causes extinction – nuclear arms races and miscalculated nuclear war.
Utgoff, Deputy Director at Institute for Defense Analysis, 2 [Victor, Deputy Director of the Strategy, Forces, and Resources Division of the Institute for Defense Analysis, Survival, “Proliferation, Missile Defence and American Ambitions” 2002 p. 87-90]

Further, the large number of states
bury the bodies of dead cities or even whole nations.
Mid East nuke power programs will be turned into military nuclear weapons programs
Russell, National Security Prof @ NDU, August ’12
[Richard L. Russell, Professor of National Security Affairs at the National Defense University’s Near East and South Asia Center for Strategic Studies, Special Advisor to the U.S. Central Command, the U.S. Special Operations Command, and the Joint Special Operations University, Former Adjunct Professor of Security Studies at Georgetown, Former Political-Military Analyst for the Central Intelligence Agency, “CHAPTER 6: THE MIDDLE EAST’S NUCLEAR FUTURE,” The Next Arms Race, August 2012]
The great danger is that the United States is
 to have done—and refined to weapons grade.
Middle East proliferation ensures escalation to a nuclear exchange and extinction
Edelman & Krepinevich, Former Undersecretary for Defense, ‘11
[Eric Edelman, Fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments, Former Undersecretary for Defense, Andrew Krepinevich, President of the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessment, Evan Montgomery, Research Fellow at the Center for Strategic and Budgetary Assessments, “The dangers of a nuclear Iran,” http://www.csbaonline.org/wp-content/uploads/2010/12/2010.12.27-The-Dangers-of-a-Nuclear-Iran.pdf]
During the Cold War, the United States and
weapons vulnerable to attack or theft. 

SCENARIO 2 HEG
2 Internal Links – First is the Grid  
THE GRID IS AT RISK NOW AND WILL FAIL WITHIN 3 YEARS – CYBER EXPERTS AGREE
Huff 12
(Ethan A, staff writer at natural news “Hacking expert says catastrophic failure of smart energy grid within 3 year” http://usahitman.com/hcfseg/,)

For at least the past five years,
and effectively without any protection, is insanity at its finest.”
D/O/D bases are vulnerable to grid disruptions which destroys command infrastructure – only SMR’s can solve – alternatives risk cyber-attacks and terrorism
Robitaille 12
(George, Department of Army Civilian, United States Army War College, “Small Modular Reactors: The Army’s Secure Source of Energy?” 21-03-2012, Strategy Research Project)

In recent years, the U.S Department of Defense
natural gas fired power plants on the environment.

Second is Tech Leadership
Tech Leadership key to Heg – our ev explains the last five centuries of global hegemons
Drezner 1 (Daniel Drezner (professor of international politics at The Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy at Tufts University) 2001 “State structure, technological leadership and the maintenance of hegemony”http:www.danieldrezner.com/research/tech.pdf)

In this decade, proponents of globalization
strife until a new hegemonic power is found.

Hegemony is key to prevent the escalation of global hotspots- retrenchment causes bickering internationally over leadership and prevents cooperation
Zbigniew K. Brzezinski (CSIS counselor and trustee and cochairs the CSIS Advisory Board. He is also the Robert E. Osgood Professor of American Foreign Policy at the School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University, in Washington, D.C. He is cochair of the American Committee for Peace in the Caucasus and a member of the International Advisory Board of the Atlantic Council. He is a former chairman of the American-Ukrainian Advisory Committee. He was a member of the Policy Planning Council of the Department of State from 1966 to 1968; chairman of the Humphrey Foreign Policy Task Force in the 1968 presidential campaign; director of the Trilateral Commission from 1973 to 1976; and principal foreign policy adviser to Jimmy Carter in the 1976 presidential campaign. From 1977 to 1981, Dr. Brzezinski was national security adviser to President Jimmy Carter. In 1981, he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom for his role in the normalization of U.S.-China relations and for his contributions to the human rights and national security policies of the United States. He was also a member of the President’s Chemical Warfare Commission (1985), the National Security Council–Defense Department Commission on Integrated Long-Term Strategy (1987–1988), and the President’s Foreign Intelligence Advisory Board (1987–1989). In 1988, he was cochairman of the Bush National Security Advisory Task Force, and in 2004, he was cochairman of a Council on Foreign Relations task force that issued the report Iran: Time for a New Approach. Dr. Brzezinski received a B.A. and M.A. from McGill University (1949, 1950) and Ph.D. from Harvard University (1953). He was a member of the faculties of Columbia University (1960–1989) and Harvard University (1953–1960). Dr. Brzezinski holds honorary degrees from Georgetown University, Williams College, Fordham University, College of the Holy Cross, Alliance College, the Catholic University of Lublin, Warsaw University, and Vilnius University. He is the recipient of numerous honors and awards) February 2012 “After America” http://www.foreignpolicy.com/articles/2012/01/03/after_america?page=0,0
For if America falters, the world is
for a dangerous slide into global turmoil.

No Alternatives – a collapse of U.S. hegemony would lead to an apolar world order with devastating consequences
Ferguson 4
Niall Ferguson, 2004, Senior Fellow – Stanford University’s Hoover Foundation and Herzog Professor of History – New York University’s Stern School of Business, “A World Without Power,” Foreign Policy, l/n
The defining characteristic of our age
such a not-so-new world disorder.

No risk of their heg bad turns-US engagement and reintervention are inevitable-it’s only a question of making it effective
Kagan 11 (Robert, contributing editor to The Weekly Standard and a senior fellow in foreign policy at the Brookings Institution. "The Price of Power" Jan 24 Vol 16 No18 www.weeklystandard.com/articles/price-power_533696.html?page=3, AD: 11/5/11) jl
In theory, the United States could
international system that American power has built and defended. 

Robust statistics validate our impacts
Owen 11 John M. Owen Professor of Politics at University of Virginia PhD from Harvard "DON’T DISCOUNT HEGEMONY" Feb 11 www.cato-unbound.org/2011/02/11/john-owen/dont-discount-hegemony/
Andrew Mack and his colleagues
But general U.S. material and moral support for liberal democracy remains strong.

PLAN TEXT 

United States Federal Government should offer power purchase agreements for small modular nuclear reactors to supply power to military bases in the United States.

SOLVENCY
Power Purchasing Agreements allow the DOD to act as a first mover jumpstarting the SMR industry
Madia, Chairman Stanford National Accelerator Lab, ’12
[Dr. Madia, Chairman of the Board of Overseers & Vice President for the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory at Stanford University, Former Laboratory Director at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Former Laboratory Director at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, “SMALL MODULAR REACTORS: A POTENTIAL GAME-CHANGING TECHNOLOGY,” Stanford Energy Journal, Spring 2012, http://energyclub.stanford.edu/index.php/Journal/Small_Modular_Reactors_by_William_Madia]
Throughout the history of NPP development,
heavy politics of nuclear waste, corporate welfare, or carbon taxes.
The DOD market is the only way to quickly get SMR’s through financial and regulatory barriers
Andres & Breetz, Security Prof @ National War College, ’11
[Richard B. Andres, Professor of National Security Strategy at the National War College, Senior Fellow and Energy and Environmental Security and Policy Chair in the Center for Strategic Research, Institute for National Strategic Studies, at the National Defense University, Hanna L. Breetz, Political Science PhD Candidate at MIT, “Small Nuclear Reactors for Military Installations: Capabilities, Costs, and Technological Implications,” Strategic Forum, INSS, February 2011]
Thus far, this paper has reviewed
profound effect on the industry’s timeline and trajectory.
Only DOD action can create widespread adoption of SMR’s which saves the domestic nuclear industry
Loudermilk, Senior Energy Associate @ NDU, ’11
[Micah J. Loudermilk, Senior Associate for the Energy & Environmental Security Policy program with The Institute for National Strategic Studies at The National Defense University, “Small Nuclear Reactors and US Energy Security: Concepts, Capabilities, and Costs,” Journal of Energy Security, May 2011, http://www.ensec.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=314:small-nuclear-reactors-and-us-energy-security-concepts-capabilities-and-costs&catid=116:content0411&Itemid=375]
Problematically, despite the immense energy
and eventually lead to their wide-scale adoption.

Domestic Nuclear industry is key to global nuclear safety leadership – NRC Influence
Domenici and Miller, 2012 (Pete, former senator and senior fellow at the Bipartisan Policy Center; Warren F, PhD in Engineering Sciences from Northwestern and recently served as assistant secretary for nuclear energy at the U.S. Department of Energy; “Maintaining U.S. Leadership in Global Nuclear Energy Markets”, Report of the Bipartisan Policy Center’s Nuclear Initiative, July, http://bipartisanpolicy.org/sites/default/files/Leadership%20in%20Nuclear%20Energy%20Markets.pdf)

Strategic Goal: Continued strong U.S.
could erode U.S. international standing.
Meltdowns cause extinction
Lendman 11
Research Associate of the Centre for Research on Globalization (Stephen, 03/ 13, “Nuclear Meltdown in Japan,” http://www.thepeoplesvoice.org/TPV3/Voices.php/2011/03/13/nuclear-meltdown-in-japan)

Reuters said the 1995 Kobe quake
It could be, literally, an apocalyptic event.