Tournament: Wake | Round: 2 | Opponent:  | Judge: 

Gas Prices

Natural gas prices are low now-~--key to economic recovery

Bloomberg 12 – Jack Kaskey, writer for Bloomberg News, February 29th, 2012, "U.S. Economy Strengthens on Gas 'Tailwind,' Dow CEO Says," www.bloomberg.com/news/print/2012-02-29/html

The U.S. economic recovery ... Consumer confidence this month rose

Scenario one: Chemical and manufacturing industries

Low gas prices are key to the manufacturing and chemical industry-~--boosts the overall economy

PWC 11 – PwC's Industrial Products (IP) practice provides financial, operational, and strategic services to global organizations. December 2011, "Shale Gas - A Renaissance in US Manufacturing?"www.pwc.com/en_US/us/industrial-products/assets/pdf

The economic environment ... jobs in the sector.

Low prices are stabilizing and key to long-term investment

CCES 12 – Center for Climate and Energy Solutions, May 2012, "Natural Gas in the Industrial Sector," www.c2es.org/docUploads/pdf

Increased availability and ...to stabilize prices.22

Low prices bring chemical innovation back to the US

Brady 12 – Jeff Brady, writer for NPR, February 13, 2012, "Natural Gas Boom Energizing The Chemical Industry" www.npr.org/2012/02/13/146803953/org/2012/02/13/146803953/natural-gas-boom-energizing-the-chemical-industry

Just outside of West Virginia's capital city, Charleston, on the banks of the Kanawha River, sits the Institute Industrial Park. Chemical plants have operated here continuously since World War II, when the local factories cranked out synthetic rubber. Today there are ....survival/cost-cutting mode that NOVA was clearly in for much of the last decade," Woelfel says.

The chemical industry solves extinction

Baum 99 – Baum, Founder of Chemical and Engineering News Washington, 12-6-99 (Rudy, “MILLENNIUM SPECIAL REPORT,” CandEN Washington, Volume 77, Number 49, http:~/~/pubs.acs.org/cen/hotarticles/cenear/991206/7749spintro2.html(%%))

Computers and the Internet are clearly one of the driving forces shaping all aspects of society at the turn of the millennium. But despite the stock market's insistence that "tech stocks" equal "computer stocks," we here at CandEN believe that chemistry in all its permutations ...d not-so-basic needs.

Scenario two: Fertilizer industry

High natural gas prices make fertilizer production impossible

IECA 3 Industrial Energy Consumers of America, nonprofit organization created to promote the interests of manufacturing companies for which the availability, use and cost of energy, power or feedstock play a significant role in their ability to compete, July 22 2003, “IMPACT OF THE U.S. NATURAL GAS CRISIS ON THE NORTH AMERICAN NITROGEN FERTILIZER INDUSTRY,” http:~/~/www.ieca-us.com/wp-content/uploads/072203Fertilizerbriefing.pdf%5D

Natural gas is... spring application seasons.

Energy is key

IECA 3 Industrial Energy Consumers of America, nonprofit organization created to promote the interests of manufacturing companies for which the availability, use and cost of energy, power or feedstock play a significant role in their ability to compete, July 22 2003, “IMPACT OF THE U.S. NATURAL GAS CRISIS ON THE NORTH AMERICAN NITROGEN FERTILIZER INDUSTRY,” http:~/~/www.ieca-us.com/wp-content/uploads/072203Fertilizerbriefing.pdf%5D

High natural gas ...for natural gas.

Fertilizer is critical to solve food crises and prevent starvation

The Fertilizer Institute 9 Trade Group representing the fertilizer industry, “The U.S. Fertilizer Industry and Climate Change Policy,” April 2 2009, http:~/~/www.kochfertilizer.com/pdf/pdf%5D

Fertilizer nutrients – nitrogen, ... full-scale food crisis.

Prioritize starvation impacts – even if suffering is inevitable and valuable, extreme and involuntary suffering is not – preserving peoples’ ability to choose to not suffer is a key affirmation of human subjectivity

White 12 Richard White is associate professor of philosophy Creighton University "Levinas, the Philosophy of Suffering, and the Ethics of Compassion" The Heythrop Journal Volume 53, Issue 1, pages 111–123, Published online Sept 27 2011, official publication date: January 2012, Wiley

Levinas's phenomenology of suffering is compelling and to a great extent his account is confirmed by Scarry and Amery who write from very different standpoints. However, we may note one point of concern: Levinas does not ....my natural compassion, 

Tournament: Wake | Round: 2 | Opponent:  | Judge: 

Hegemony

Low gas prices are independently key to US competitiveness

Institute for Energy Research 12 – Institute for Energy Research, April 19th, 2012, "Abundant Natural Gas Means Low Prices, Increased Trade Potential," www.instituteforenergyresearch.org/2012/04/19/abundant-natural-gas-means-low-prices-trade-potential/http://www.instituteforenergyresearch.org/2012/04/19/abundant-natural-gas-means-low-prices-trade-potential/

Natural gas production ...domestic natural gas prices.

Manufacturing is the basis of economic growth and competitiveness-~--massive multiplier effects-~--key to US tech innovation and primacy

Boushey 12 – Heather Boushey, Senior Economist, Center for American Progress Action Fund, July 19th, 2012, "Testimony before the U.S. House of Representatives Committee on Ways and Meanson Tax Reform and the U.S. Manufacturing Sector" waysandmeans.house.gov/uploadedfiles/boushey_testimony.pdf

Having a strong manufacturing industry in the United States should be at the top of our national economic agenda. Without a vibrant ... newest, best ideas. How will we fare if those ideas originate somewhere else?”34

US competitiveness solves hegemony and great power war

Baru 9 – Sanjaya Baru is a Professor at the Lee Kuan Yew School in Singapore Geopolitical Implications of the Current Global Financial Crisis, Strategic Analysis, Volume 33, Issue 2 March 2009 , pages 163 - 168

Hence, economic policies and performance do have strategic consequences.2 In the modern era, the idea that strong economic performance .... military power, the classic 'guns versus butter' dilemma.

Domestic manufacturing is vital to US military tech innovation-~--key to primacy

Ettlinger and Gordon 11 – Michael Ettlinger is the Vice President for Economic Policy at American Progress. Kate is a Senior Fellow at American Progress. “The Importance and Promise of American Manufacturing,” April, http:~/~/www.americanprogress.org/wp-content/uploads/issues/2011/04/pdf/pdf

Beyond innovation and....  close to home.

Military tech innovation is key to heg

Segal 4 – Maurice R. Greenberg Senior Fellow in China Studies at the Council on Foreign Relations. Foreign Affairs, November 2004 - December 2004, Is America Losing Its Edge?, Adam Segal, Pg. 2 Vol. 83 No. 6, Technology Enterprises in China.

The United States' global primacy .... faster than everyone else. But this won't be easy; to keep its privileged position in the world, the United States must get better at fostering technological entrepreneurship at home.

Extinction

Barnett 11 – Thomas P.M. Barnett is Former Senior Strategic Researcher and Professor in the Warfare Analysis and Research Department, Center for Naval Warfare Studies, U.S. Naval War College American military geostrategist and Chief Analyst at Wikistrat., worked as the Assistant for Strategic Futures in the Office of Force Transformation in the Department of Defense, March 7^th, 2011, “The New Rules: Leadership Fatigue Puts U.S., and Globalization, at Crossroads,” http:~/~/www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/8099/com/articles/8099/the-new-rules-leadership-fatigue-puts-u-s-and-globalization-at-crossroads

It is worth first ....geometry to come.

Perception of decline will cause the US to lashout-~--triggers hegemonic wars

Goldstein 7 Professor of Global Politics and International Relations @ University of Pennsylvania “Power transitions, institutions, and China's rise in East Asia: Theoretical expectations and evidence,” Journal of Strategic Studies, Volume 30, Issue 4 and 5 August 2007, pages 639 – 682

Two closely related,.... the possible crossover.19 pg. 647-650

Tournament: Wake | Round: 1 | Opponent:  | Judge:
The United States federal government should reduce restrictions on natural gas production in the Environmental Protection Agency’s New Source Performance Standards and National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants Reviews.

Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge: 

The EPA restrictions will crush the natural gas industry

ARI 12 – Advanced Resources International Inc. report for the American Petroleum Institute, "Estimate of Impacts of EPA Proposals to Reduce Air Emissions from Hydraulic Fracturing Operations, February 2012, "www.api.org/~~/media/Files/Policy/Hydraulic_Fracturing/ashx

Depending on the REC-Set Use Rate s.... and indirect employment.

Even with the 2015 extension, producers do not have the technology to comply with the restrictions

Davidson 12 – Mark Davidson is Editorial Director for Platts’ North American natural gas news coverage. Based in Washington, D.C., Mark also has served as Chief Editor of Gas Daily and Managing Editor of Inside FERC’s Gas Market Report. A graduate of the E.W. Scripps School of Journalism at Ohio University, Mark was a general assignment and local government reporter for daily newspapers in Ohio and Virginia for nearly a decade before joining Platts in November 1995.  June 20th, 2012, "Flexibility urged on 'green completion' of wells" s3.amazonaws.com/cuttings/cuttingpdfs/18531/075d95107cdd5ed278a19f158843771f.pdf

Regulators from Wester.... national-level rule.”

And, the restrictions send a signal of uncertainty to investors

Gerard 12 – Jack Gerard has a degree in political science and a juris doctor from George Washington University, and formerly worked with the U.S. Senate Energy and Natural Resources Committee,  now he is the head of the American Petroleum Institute, June 19th, 2012, "Supporting Common-Sense Regulation"energy.nationaljournal.com/2012/06/epas-cleanair-rules-defend-del.php

That said, the oil and ... now and in the future.

This uncertainty causes shortages in future gas supply

Stevens August 2012 – Professor Paul Stevens is Senior Research Fellow for Energy at Chatham House and Emeritus Professor at Dundee University. He taught at the American University of Beirut in Lebanon (1973–79); the University of Surrey (1979–93); and as Professor of Petroleum Policy and Economics at CEPMLP, University of Dundee (1993–2008). He is also Consulting Professor at University College London (Australia), August 2012, "The 'Shale Gas Revolution': Developments and Changes,"www.chathamhouse.org/sites/default/files/public/Research/org/sites/default/files/public/Research/Energy(%%), Environment and Development/bp0812_stevens.pdf

There is a real .... "potential to be profound."

The restrictions will be used to shut down all production if an accident happens

Cappiello 12 – Dina is an Associated Press writer. “EPA sets natural gas pollution standards,” April 21, http:~/~/theadvocate.com/home/2607063-125/com/home/2607063-125/epa-sets-natural-gas-pollution

Don Briggs, president of the....would be shut down.”

Status quo state regulations are sufficient – the EPA restrictions tank production and drive up costs

Loris 8-29 – Nicolas D. Loris is the Herbert and Joyce Morgan Fellow in the Thomas A. Roe Institute for Economic Policy Studies at The Heritage Foundation, August 29th, 2012, "Hydraulic Fracturing: Critical for Energy Production, Jobs, and Economic Growth," www.thecuttingedgenews.com/index.php?article=75622andpageid=php?article=75622andpageid=andpagename(%%)=

One of the reasons .... keep it that way.