Brown-Mendoza Aff

ADV 1 Military  
Military actions to reduce and change energy inputs fail
Andres and Breetz 2011 [Richard B. andres is Professor of national Security Strategy at the national War College and a Senior fellow and energy and environmental Security and Policy Chair in the Center for Strategic research, institute for national Strategic Studies, at the national Defense University. Hanna L. Breetz is a doctoral candidate in the Department of Political Science at the Massachusetts institute of technology. Small Nuclear Reactors for Military Installations: Capabilities, Costs, and Technological Implications, Institute for National Strategic Studies, http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf&AD=ADA545712]jap

The DOD interest in….. Each of these is explored below.

Civilian grid failures put military electricity access at risk – it provides 99 percent of their power
Andres and Breetz 2011
[Richard B. andres is Professor of national Security Strategy at the national War College and a Senior fellow and energy and environmental Security and Policy Chair in the Center for Strategic research, institute for national Strategic Studies, at the national Defense University. Hanna L. Breetz is a doctoral candidate in the Department of Political Science at the Massachusetts institute of technology. Small Nuclear Reactors for Military Installations: Capabilities, Costs, and Technological Implications, Institute for National Strategic Studies, http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf&AD=ADA545712]jap

Grid Vulnerability. DOD is unable….. interdependence of modern infrastructural systems.8

Military over reliance on the grid provides an incentive for attack – kills heg AND causes nuclear war
Andres and Breetz 2011[Richard B. andres is Professor of national Security Strategy at the national War College and a Senior fellow and energy and environmental Security and Policy Chair in the Center for Strategic research, institute for national Strategic Studies, at the national Defense University. Hanna L. Breetz is a doctoral candidate in the Department of Political Science at the Massachusetts institute of technology. Small Nuclear Reactors for Military Installations: Capabilities, Costs, and Technological Implications, Institute for National Strategic Studies, http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf&AD=ADA545712]ja

More recently, awareness has been….. function for more than a few days after the civilian grid went offline.

Old infrastructure risks grid vulnerability
Robitaille 12 (George E. Robitaille- Department of Army Civilian "Small Modular Reactors: The Army's Secure Source of Energy" 21-03-2012 www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA561802 DATE ACCESSED: 9/26/12) TM

Aging Infrastructure. The U.S electric power…. to increase in the future.¶

Natural disasters risk grid vulnerability
Robitaille 12 (George E. Robitaille- Department of Army Civilian "Small Modular Reactors: The Army's Secure Source of Energy" 21-03-2012 www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?AD=ADA561802 DATE ACCESSED: 9/26/12) TM

Adverse Weather. According to a 2008 grid….. to become more ¶ frequent.

US military energy security key to mission effectiveness – allows focus on critical and strategic missions
Udall 2012
[Mark Udall, Democratic Senator from Colorado, May 22, 2012, Energy Security is National Security
http://energy.nationaljournal.com/2012/05/powering-our-military-whats-th.php]jap

No one needs to tell consumers…. a false choice – they go hand in hand.

SMR’s key to maintain security of power grid – solves military vulnerabilities
Baker 12
[Matthew, American Security Project, Do Small Modular Reactors Present a Serious Option for the Military’s Energy Needs?” http://americansecurityproject.org/blog/2012/do-small-modular-reactors-present-a-serious-option-for-the-militarys-energy-needs/ [Accessed 8/19/2012 DMW] 

SMRs are able to be constructed…. make such bases energy self-sufficient.

SMR key to military survivability
King 11
[Marcus King • LaVar Huntzinger • Thoi Nguyen, Feasibility of Nuclear Power on U.S. Military Installations, http://www.cna.org/sites/default/files/research/Nuclear%20Power%20on%20Military%20Installations%20D0023932%20A5.pdf]jap

Having a reliable source of electricity…. independent of the commercial grid [4].
Military readiness key to prevent extinction
Feldstein 2007
[Martin, “The underfunded Pentagon,” Foreign Affairs, March/April]jap

Deterring other great powers,…. of the U.S. military structure.

Nuclear war
Frederick Kagan and Michael O’Hanlon 7, Fred’s a resident scholar at AEI, Michael is a senior fellow in foreign policy at Brookings, “The Case for Larger Ground Forces”, April, http://www.aei.org/files/2007/04/24/20070424_Kagan20070424.pdf

We live at a time when wars…. Such a measure is not only prudent, it is also badly overdue.

ADV 2 Leadership

Nuclear power investment is being avoided – SMR investment leads to major increases in energy production and is key to nuclear energy leadership
Goure 2010
[Daniel Goure, Ph.D., States News Service, July 19, 2010 Monday, SMALL, MODULAR NUCLEAR POWER PLANTS ADDRESS FUTURE ENERGY CHALLENGES, Lexis, AD 6/5/12]jap

Yet, with all this attention and….. at home and U.S. nuclear reactor sales abroad.

Nuclear energy leadership key to control of nonproliferation, only players can change the game
Wallace and Williams 2012
(Michael Wallace and Sarah Williams “Nuclear Energy in America: Preventing its Early Demise” 2012 http://csis.org/files/publication/120417_gf_wallace_williams.pdf)

Third, in the past, the U.S…. U.S. nuclear industry and take ¶ action to prevent its early demise

US Nuke leadership solves proliferation and international nuclear accidents – increases reliance on US nuclear policies
Domenici and Miller 2012
[Senator Pete Domenici and Dr. Warren F. “Pete” Miller, former Department of Energy (DOE) Assistant Secretary for Nuclear Energy | July 2012, Maintaining U.S. Leadership in Global Nuclear Energy Markets, Bipartisan Policy Center, http://bipartisanpolicy.org/sites/default/files/Leadership%20in%20Nuclear%20Energy%20Markets.pdf]jap

Strategic Goal: Continued strong…. and we support efforts to maintain and expand these policies.

SMR development key to nuclear tech leadership – puts US at front of evolving nuclear tech
Fleischmann 11
[Congressman Chuck Fleischmann is a conservative Republican who represents the 3rd District of Tennessee. Small Modular Reactors Could Help With U.S. Energy Needs, http://www.aps.org/publications/capitolhillquarterly/201110/backpage.cfm]jap

The timely implementation of small reactors…. significant headway to truly gaining energy independence.

US controlled SMRs key to nonproliferation – production in other countries isn’t as safe
COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES 2011
(Senate Hearing 112-107- COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES¶ “SMALL NUCLEAR REACTORS AND ¶ ALTERNATIVE FUELS¶ ” JUNE 7, 2011 http://www.gpo.gov/fdsys/pkg/CHRG-112shrg68432/html/CHRG-112shrg68432.htm)

Third, there is a national security aspect…. approach toward safety and nonproliferation.

Prolif cascades cause militarization of disputes—escalates to great power war
Kroenig 9
Matt Kroenig, assistant professor of Government at Georgetown University and a Stanton Nuclear Security Fellow at the Council on Foreign Relations, November 2009, Beyond Optimism and Pessimism: The Differential Effects of Nuclear Proliferation, http://belfercenter.hks.harvard.edu/publication/19671/beyond_optimism_and_pessimism.html

Nuclear proliferation can…. Sino-American strategic relationship.

Cold War no longer applies—nuclear war
Cimbala 8
Stephen Cimbala, Ph.D., Penn State Brandywine Political Science Distinguished Professor, 2008, Anticipatory Attacks: Nuclear Crisis Stability in Future Asia, Comparative Strategy Volume 27, Issue 2

The spread of nuclear weapons in…. guides to the avoidance of war outside of Europe.

Plan Text: The United States Federal Government should allocate funding to the DoD for the development of Small Modular Reactors (SMR) for the United States military use.

Adv 3 

DOD should install SMRs on military bases—catalyzes support for SMR and US leadership—ensures global spillover of SMR.
Loudermilk 11—Micah J. Loudermilk is a Research Associate for the Energy & Environmental Security Policy program with the Institute for National Strategic Studies at National Defense University, contracted through ASE Inc. “Small Nuclear Reactors and US Energy Security: Concepts, Capabilities, and Costs” 31 May 2011 Accessed date: 8-21-12 y2k

Problematically, despite the immense energy… solidify long-term support for nuclear energy

Military pre-commercial move key to SMR tech – 3 reasons
Andres and Breetz 2011
[Richard B. andres is Professor of national Security Strategy at the national War College and a Senior fellow and energy and environmental Security and Policy Chair in the Center for Strategic research, institute for national Strategic Studies, at the national Defense University. Hanna L. Breetz is a doctoral candidate in the Department of Political Science at the Massachusetts institute of technology. Small Nuclear Reactors for Military Installations: Capabilities, Costs, and Technological Implications, Institute for National Strategic Studies, http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf&AD=ADA545712]jap

Thus far, this paper…. technologies for U.S. military applications.

Current SMR initiatives will fail – Valley of death syndrome. Only military investment solves
Andres and Breetz 2011
[Richard B. andres is Professor of national Security Strategy at the national War College and a Senior fellow and energy and environmental Security and Policy Chair in the Center for Strategic research, institute for national Strategic Studies, at the national Defense University. Hanna L. Breetz is a doctoral candidate in the Department of Political Science at the Massachusetts institute of technology. Small Nuclear Reactors for Military Installations: Capabilities, Costs, and Technological Implications, Institute for National Strategic Studies, http://www.dtic.mil/cgi-bin/GetTRDoc?Location=U2&doc=GetTRDoc.pdf&AD=ADA545712]jap

The “Valley of Death.” Given…. it should pursue a leader- ship role now.

Governmental intervention key for military SMR use – FOAK costs need to be allayed
King, Huntzinger and Nguyen 2011
[Marcus King • LaVar Huntzinger • Thoi Nguyen, Feasibility of Nuclear Power on U.S. Military Installations, http://www.cna.org/sites/default/files/research/Nuclear%20Power%20on%20Military%20Installations%20D0023932%20A5.pdf]jap

The costs associated with…. providing elec- tricity to military installations.

The military has the experience to be an SMR first mover
King 11
[Marcus King • LaVar Huntzinger • Thoi Nguyen, Feasibility of Nuclear Power on U.S. Military Installations, http://www.cna.org/sites/default/files/research/Nuclear%20Power%20on%20Military%20Installations%20D0023932%20A5.pdf]jap

DoD’s operational experience with nuclear power….. interest in nuclear power began to wane.

SMR’s are cost-effective and safe
Ioannis N. Kessides and Vladimir Kuznetsov 12, Ioannis is a researcher for the Development Research Group at the World Bank, Vladimir is a consultant for the World Bank, “Small Modular Reactors for Enhancing Energy Security in Developing Countries”, August 14, Sustainability 2012, 4(8), 1806-1832

SMRs offer a number of advantages…. characterized by significant economies of scale [19].

Util will always outweigh-morals are too abstract
Michael Ignatieff 4, Carr professor of human rights at Harvard, 2k4 Lesser Evils p. 20-1 

As for moral perfectionism…. respect for one right might lead us to betray another.