| 02/01/2013 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Energy Production K – 1NC ALT ENERGY PRODUCTION creates unequal forms of social organization which constitute methods of production is a necessary precondition The impact is extinction – enables continued reactionary violence and environmental destruction in the name of continued economic growth
Byrne and Toley 6 (John – Head of the Center for Energy and Environmental Policy – It’s a leading institution for interdisciplinary graduate education, research, and advocacy in energy and environmental policy – John is also a Distinguished Professor of Energy and Climate Policy at the University of Delaware – 2007 Nobel Peace Prize for his work on the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), Toley – Directs the Urban Studies and Wheaton in Chicago programs - Selected to the Chicago Council on Global Affairs Emerging Leaders Program for 2011-2013 - expertise includes issues related to urban and environmental politics, global cities, and public policy, “Energy as a Social Project: Recovering a Discourse,” p. 1-32)
From climate change to acid rain, … conventional and sustainable energy futures. Vote neg - methodological investigation is a prior question to the aff – strict policy focus creates a myth of objectivity that sustains a violent business-as-usual approach
Scrase and Ockwell 10 (J. Ivan - Sussex Energy Group, SPRU (Science and Technology Policy Research), Freeman Centre, University of Sussex, David G - Tyndall Centre for Climate Change Research, SPRU, Freeman Centre, University of Sussex, “The role of discourse and linguistic framing effects in sustaining high carbon energy policy—An accessible introduction,” Energy Policy: Volume 38, Issue 5, May 2010, Pages 2225–2233)
The way in which energy policy is “framed” … are explored in detail further below). |
| 02/01/2013 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
1NC Electricity prices are declining
Burtraw 8/21/12 (one of the nation’s foremost experts on environmental regulation in the electricity sector “Falling Emissions and Falling Prices: Expectations for the Domestic Natural Gas Boom” http://common–resources.org/2012/falling–emissions–and–falling–prices–expectations–for–the–domestic–natural–gas–boom/) Moreover, the boom in domestic natural … (real $2009) in savings projected for 2020. SMRs increase electricity prices
Freebairn 7/25/12 (Mollie, Solar consultant with Missouri Solar Applications in Jefferson City and a former scientist at the Missouri Department of Natural Resources, "Related Stories," http://www.stltoday.com/news/opinion/guest–commentary–small–nuclear–reactors–are–too–little–too–late/article_8f237dd0–9a8b–5912–a30d–b7a368282732.html) Ameren Missouri recently announced a … homes and businesses here at home. Low electricity prices spurs manufacturing "reshoring" and sparks US economic growth via consumer spending and investment
Perry 12 (Mark, Prof of Economics @ Univ. of Michigan, "America's Energy Jackpot: Industrial Natural Gas Prices Fall to the Lowest Level in Recent History," http://mjperry.blogspot.com/2012/07/americas–energy–jackpot–industrial.html) Building petrochemical plants could … win, win, win, win situation to me. Econ decline risks extinction
Auslin 9 (Michael, Resident Scholar – American Enterprise Institute, and Desmond Lachman – Resident Fellow – American Enterprise Institute, “The Global Economy Unravels”, Forbes, 3–6, http://www.aei.org/article/100187) What do these trends mean in the short and … that coalesce into a big bang. |
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1NC Shell Comprehensive Immigration Bill likely to pass, but details and appeasing Republicans very important.
Fox News, 1-27
(“Senators say bipartisan immigration reform will include citizenship path.” Foxnews.com January 27, 2013. http://www.foxnews.com/politics/2013/01/27/senators-say-immigration-reform-will-include-citizenship-path-republicans-seem/?test=latestnews#ixzz2JICqRsg6 Accessed: 1/28/13) Top Senate Democrats and …which the legislative action starts. The link is unique and large---new nuclear loan guarantee money is deadly for Obama
Bendery 12
(Jennifer is a writer for the Huffington Post. “Obama's Budget Nixes New Money For Program That Funded Solyndra,” 2/14, http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/02/14/obama-budget-solyndra-program_n_1276605.html) In a quiet shift from the past two … providing new funds to the program altogether.
Immigration reform is key to the economy and relations with China and India
Williams, 12
(Carol J., “Other countries eagerly await U.S. immigration reform,” 11-9-12, LA Times. http://latimesblogs.latimes.com/world_now/2012/11/us-immigration-reform-eagerly-awaited-by-source-countries.html, accessed 1-17-13)
"Comprehensive immigration reform will see … opportunity as a bigger plus than not," he said. US-India relations solve South Asian nuclear war
Schaffer, Director of the South Asia Program at CSIS, 02
(Teresita C., “Building a New Partnership with India,” Washington Quarterly 25:2, accessed 1-17-13) Washington’s increased interest in India … good relations with the United States. 1NR Immigration reform will pass and is the top of the docket – political capital is key to make sure its comprehensive
Helderman and Nakamura 1-25
(Rosalind and David, "Senators nearing agreement on broad immigration reform proposal," Washington Post, www.washingtonpost.com/politics/senators-nearing-agreement-on-broad-immigration-reform-proposal/2013/01/25/950fb78a-6642-11e2-9e1b-07db1d2ccd5b_story.html) The move would amount to the first … offered a path to citizenship for illegal immigrants.
New nuclear production causes massive political backlash and saps capital
Trembath, 11
(Alex. Policy Fellow in AEL’s New Energy Leaders Project, 11 “Nuclear Power and the Future of Post-Partisan Energy Policy,” Lead Energy, Feb 4, http://leadenergy.org/2011/02/the-nuclear-option-in-a-post-partisan-approach-on-energy/) Nuclear power is unique among … with wide bipartisan support. They can’t win a link turn – nuclear has no influence in Washington and neither party supports it
Hopf 2012
(Jim. Senior nuclear engineer with more than 20 years of experience in shielding and criticality analysis and design for spent fuel dry storage and transportation systems, “The party platforms on energy-and nuclear,” 9/18/12, http://ansnuclearcafe.org/2012/09/18/the-party-platforms-on-energy-and-nuclear/) Nuclear’s influence?
My general view is that the … things seem set to get even worse. Path to citizenship key to resolve budget shortfalls
Tucker, 2012
(Cynthia. “Immigrants can help, not hurt, budget deficit.” 11/29/12. The Philly Tribune. http://www.phillytrib.com/tribune/tribunecommentary/16077-immigrants-can-help-not-hurt-budget-deficit.html) If you've spent any time pondering … taxes and reducing benefits.
That’s key to avert devastating final economic collapse and war
Morley, 2011
(Robert. “America: Only Two More Years?”, http://www.thetrumpet.com/index.php?q=7756.0.131.0 February 2011. Accessed: 1/29/13) Two years. That is how much time … a few years before its fall. Obama’s Velcro---only blame sticks to him---means winners lose---healthcare proves
Bouie 2010
(Jamelle, fellow at the American Prospect, “Ignoring the Obama Presidency,” December 1, 2010. http://prospect.org/article/ignoring-obama-presidency, )
Among liberals, and most political observers, … the president’s political courage. |
| 02/01/2013 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
*1NC* CP Text: The United States Department of Defense should acquire, via alternative financing, small modular thermal reactors for electricity production. DOD leadership catalyzes SMR development and spills over to commercialization---they empirically overcome tech barriers
Andres and Breetz 11 Richard B, Professor of National Security Strategy at the National War College and a Senior Fellow and Energy and Environmental Security and Policy Chair in the Center for Strategic Research, Institute for National Strategic Studies, at the National Defense University and Hanna L, doctoral candidate in the Department of Political Science at The Massachusetts Institute of Technology, February, "Small Nuclear Reactors for Military Installations: Capabilities, Costs, and Technological Implications", www.ndu.edu/press/lib/pdf/StrForum/SF-262.pdf
The preceding analysis suggests that DOD … either U.S. military or commercial use. DOD clean energy investment avoids politics---but the plan’s controversial
Appelbaum 12 Binyamin, Defense cuts would hurt scientific RandD, experts say, The New York Times, 1-8, http://hamptonroads.com/2012/01/defense-cuts-would-hurt-scientific-rd-experts-say
Sarewitz, who studies the government's role in … its largest budget items, energy costs. *2NC* The CP is distinct from the plan ---
PPAs are privately owned.
Department of Energy – Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, 2/24/2011 (Federal Renewable Energy Project Implementation: From RFP to Project Closeout, p. http://www1.eere.energy.gov/femp/pdfs/rewebinar_projectimp_qa.pdf)
Q: How often does an agency own the … under an ESPC or UESC. The permutation and plan don’t solve manufacturing or prolif---only the DOD being the sole first mover guarantees U.S. companies lead SMR development---otherwise it’ll be dominated by foreign-owned firms
Andres and Breetz 11 Richard B, Professor of National Security Strategy at the National War College and a Senior Fellow and Energy and Environmental Security and Policy Chair in the Center for Strategic Research, Institute for National Strategic Studies, at the National Defense University and Hanna L, doctoral candidate in the Department of Political Science at The Massachusetts Institute of Technology, February, "Small Nuclear Reactors for Military Installations: Capabilities, Costs, and Technological Implications", www.ndu.edu/press/lib/pdf/StrForum/SF-262.pdf
Domestic Nuclear Expertise. From …eliability, performance, and proliferation resistance. Housing the plan in DOD avoids the entire link to politics
Coral Davenport 12, energy and environment correspondent for National Journal, covered energy and environment for Politico and Congressional Quarterly, was a fellow with the Metcalf Institute for Marine and Environmental Reporting, 2/10/12, “White House Budget to Expand Clean-Energy Programs Through Pentagon,” The National Journal
The White House believes it has … programs across its departments. DOD is key – solves, overcomes restrictions and doesn’t link to politics
Madia 12 William, Chairman of the Board of Overseers and Vice President for the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory at Stanford University, Spring, "Small Modular Reactors: A Potential Game-changing Technology", energyclub.stanford.edu/index.php/Journal/Small_Modular_Reactors_by_William_Madia
To determine if SMRs hold the … of our national energy strategy. The CP is comparatively more effective than the plan---SMRs have an absolute requirement for more RandD that only government financial support solves---DOD needs an explicit strategy
Matt Stepp et al. 11, specialist in clean energy innovation at the Information Technology and Innovation Foundation, formerly Fellow at the Breakthrough Institute, et al, May 2011, “Ten Principles for Creating a New U.S. Clean Energy Policy,” http://www.itif.org/files/2011-guiding-principles.pdf
RandD is fundamentally the most … reductions of next generation innovations. No solvency deficits---SMR designs aren’t close to ready for licensing, so there’s no way removing licensing restrictions can be vital to solve the case---DOD lead-role primes the pump for the industry
Andres and Breetz 11 Richard B, Professor of National Security Strategy at the National War College and a Senior Fellow and Energy and Environmental Security and Policy Chair in the Center for Strategic Research, Institute for National Strategic Studies, at the National Defense University and Hanna L, doctoral candidate in the Department of Political Science at The Massachusetts Institute of Technology, February, "Small Nuclear Reactors for Military Installations: Capabilities, Costs, and Technological Implications", www.ndu.edu/press/lib/pdf/StrForum/SF-262.pdf
It should be emphasized that none of the small …, and regulatory hurdles have been adequately resolved. DOD-purchased reactors are exempt from NRC licensing requirements---means none of their evidence about the current licensing framework gets close to applying to the CP---but, DOD procurement builds the necessary knowledge and operational experience for the NRC to license commercial reactors efficiently---means the CP solves the whole case
CSPO 10, Consortium for Science, Policy and Outcomes at ASU, “four policy principles for energy innovation and climate change: a synthesis”, June, http://www.catf.us/resources/publications/files/Synthesis.pdf
Government purchase of new technologies … technologies could be similarly important. Impossible for licensing to block the CP---NRC doesn’t have jurisdiction over DOD reactors
NEI 7 – Nuclear Energy Institute, March 2007, “The Nuclear Regulatory Process,” http://www.new.ans.org/standards/resources/toolkit/docs/nei-nuclear-regulatory-process-ans-posting1.pdf
The NRC does not have exclusive …which is regulated by the states. Yes commercialization
Marqusee 12 Jeffrey, Executive director at the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program at the DOD, “Military Installations and Energy Technology Innovations”, Energy Innovation at the Department of Defense: Assessing the Opportunities, March, PDF online
Conclusion¶ DoD has been an enormous … in a real energy revolution. More ev
Andres and Breetz 11 Richard B, Professor of National Security Strategy at the National War College and a Senior Fellow and Energy and Environmental Security and Policy Chair in the Center for Strategic Research, Institute for National Strategic Studies, at the National Defense University and Hanna L, doctoral candidate in the Department of Political Science at The Massachusetts Institute of Technology, February, "Small Nuclear Reactors for Military Installations: Capabilities, Costs, and Technological Implications", www.ndu.edu/press/lib/pdf/StrForum/SF-262.pdf
If DOD wants to ensure that its preferred …performance, and proliferation resistance. Revitalizes industry fast
Andres and Loudermilk 10 Richard B, Senior Fellow at the Institute for National Strategic Studies at National Defense University and a Professor of National Security Strategy at the National War College and Micah J, researcher at the Institute for National Strategic Studies at National Defense University, "Small Reactors and the Military's Role in Securing America's Nuclear Industry", 8/23, sitrep.globalsecurity.org/articles/100823646-small-reactors-and-the-militar.htm
Faced with the dual-obstacles of growing … their adoption can be achieved. |
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1NC U.S. coal exports to China are low, but downward pressure on domestic demand expands them massively
Bryan Walsh 12, Senior Editor at TIME, May 31, 2012, “Drawing Battle Lines Over American Coal Exports to Asia,” online: http://science.time.com/2012/05/31/drawing-battle-lines-over-american-coal-exports-to-asia/
But across the Pacific Ocean, the … would have a reason to keep mining it. SMRs cause coal plant retiring
Marcus King et al 11, Associate Director of Research, Associate Research Professor of International Affairs, Elliot School of International Affairs, The George Washington University, et al., March 2011, “Feasibility of Nuclear Power on U.S. Military Installations,” http://www.cna.org/sites/default/files/research/Nuclear%20Power%20on%20Military%20Installations%20D0023932%20A5.pdf
SMRs have potential advantages … replacement option for these plants. U.S. exports lock in expanded Chinese coal capacity---causes warming over the tipping point---it’s unique because absent U.S. exports the rising cost of coal will cause a shift to renewables
Thomas M. Power 12, Research Professor and Professor Emeritus, Department of Economics, University of Montana; Principal, Power Consulting; February 2012, “The Greenhouse Gas Impact of Exporting Coal from the West Coast: An Economic Analysis,” http://www.sightline.org/wp-content/uploads/downloads/2012/02/Coal-Power-White-Paper.pdf
The cumulative impact of these coal port … well into the next half-century. 57 Chinese emissions are sufficient to cause extinction
John Copeland Nagle 11, the John N. Matthews Professor, Notre Dame Law School, Spring 2011, “How Much Should China Pollute?,” Vermont Journal of Environmental Law, 12 Vt. J. Envtl. L. 591
Third, the rest of the world suffers … whether humanity thrives or perishes.” |
| 03/03/2013 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
L-The root metaphors underlying emancipation are the same as those undergirding globalization. Traditions and organic knowledge must be systematically disrupted and displaced
Bowers 03 “Chet” Bowers, Professor of Environmental Studies at the University of Oregon, PHD. in educational studies from the University of California, Toward an Eco-Justice PedagogyJCP The root metaphors that frame the educational reform proposals of critical pedagogy theorists such as
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critical thought than the emancipated and thus consumer dependent individual described by Sale. L-Social justice is dependent on root metaphors that are hostile to conservation
Bowers 06 “Chet” Bowers, Professor of Environmental Studies at the University of Oregon, PHD. in educational studies from the University of California, Renewing the Commons: University Reform in an Era of Weakened Democracy and Environmental CrisesJCP Another example of how a current social justice group uses the same legitimating metaphor as
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that go back to the beginning of humankind.Pg. 15-16 M-Reproduction of conceptual templates creates cultural zones of silence that place us on a collision course with the environment. They are complicit in the reproduction of a paradigm of destruction
Bowers 07 “Chet” Bowers, Professor of Environmental Studies at the University of Oregon, PHD. in educational studies from the University of California, “Philosophy, Language, and the Titanic Mind-Set” Language and Ecology vol. 2 no.1 2007AMJCP The chief connection between the two questions has to do with the historical roots of
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them on a collision course with environmental limits. Pg. 1-3 M-Unless we change our academic pursuits we will overshoot the planet’s carrying capacity. The inability to determine the tipping point means you should threat this scenario with the utmost urgency
Bowers 08 “Chet” Bowers, Professor of Environmental Studies at the University of Oregon, PHD. in educational studies from the University of California, Transitions: Educational Reforms that Promote Ecological Intelligence or the Assumptions Underlying ModernityJCP Leadership is needed in preparing classroom teachers with the necessary knowledge and pedagogical skills that
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requiredin transforming the long-held traditions of thinking in colleges of education.
Before spelling out the broader implications of basing educational reforms in teacher education and
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further overwhelmed by the current shift in the distribution of wealth in society.
The future is made even more uncertain by the current globalization of an industrial/
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fisheries, petroleum, and other natural minerals.Pg. 182-184 A-The alternative is “the third way.” It facilitates cultural pluralism and paves the way for an ecologically sustainable world
Bowers 06 “Chet” Bowers, Professor of Environmental Studies at the University of Oregon, PHD. in educational studies from the University of California, Renewing the Commons: University Reform in an Era of Weakened Democracy and Environmental CrisesJCP The alternative iswhat I shall call “the third way” to curriculum reform.
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as people become more involved in the mutual support systems in their community.
The typical response of academics to this proposal for reform will likely be one of
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past misconceptions that have led to various forms of enclosure and cultural domination.
The last chapter should end on a note of optimism. Given the analysis in
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forms of knowledge that students will need inapost-industrial andmore ecologically sustainable world
F-It is vital that your ballot operates within a theoretical framework that keeps ecojustice as its central focus and is unwavering in meeting its obligation to keep the discussion from drifting from this theme
Bowers 07 “Chet” Bowers, Professor of Environmental Studies at the University of Oregon, PHD. in educational studies from the University of California, Handbook for Faculty Workshops on How to Introduce Cultural Commons and Ecojustice Issues into Their CoursesJCP In conducting a workshop,it is important to remember thatthe disciplinary perspectives of faculty
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being the criticism that I am proposing that we no longer use technologies.
These comments, and even some that relied upon scatological language to express what they
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that are threatening the further enclosure of both the cultural and environmental commons.
Why a Workshop is Needed
My experience in promoting among faculty from different disciplines a discussion of educational reforms that
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them to develop the communicative competence necessary for resisting various forms of enclosure.
Order in Which Themes and Theory Should be Introduced
Movingfrom a discussion of the nature of the ecological crises, and how current
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highlight the differences between more self-reliant and consumer-oriented cultures. |
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COUNTERPLAN TEXT: The United States federal government will nationalize the nuclear energy in the United States and decommission an additional 45 metric tons of weapons grade plutonium for conversion in mixed-oxide fuel. Funding and enforcement guaranteed. Nationalization and Privatization are opposite approaches to impending environmental catastrophe… Proves tradeoff and functional competition
Cabezas, Brian F. 2007. Policy Implications of Nationalization of Oil and Natural Gas Industry in Latin America. http://dukespace.lib.duke.edu/dspace/bitstream/10161/290/1/MP_bfc5_a_052007.pdf Nationalization is a particular type of organizational structure where the state or nation controls the
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effect on income equality and a negative effect on public spending on education. - Nationalization of nuclear energy programs have been empirically successful with innovation
Cue, (US news week correspondent), ‘09
Eduardo Cue, How France Sees its Nuclear-Powered Future, http://www.usnews.com/news/energy/articles/2009/03/10/how-france-sees-its-nuclear-powered-future (11/03/12)
Across the French countryside, within sight of villages and towns, thick clouds of
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. It is, he adds, "in a very strong position." 2. NUCLEAR POWER NOT LIMITED BY INVESTMENT – THREATS OF FUTURE POLITICAL OPPOSITION KILLS IT
Tucker, Oct 22, 2008
William author of Terrestrial Energy: How Nuclear Power Will Lead the Green Revolution and End America's Long Energy Odyssey, Reason Foundation “A Reason Roundtable, Energy Independence” http://reason.com/news/show/129604.html The problem then is much less economics than politics. Both Wall Street and the
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. Gale, a former Energy Department official and now a utility consultant. A. Environmental Crunch Coming Now
AFP 12 AFP is a global news agency delivering fast, in-depth coverage of the events shaping our world from wars and conflicts to politics, sports, entertainment and the latest breakthroughs in health, science and technology. “Environmental crunch 'worse than thought': OECD” Mar 15, 2012http:www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5irNJ7SmH5SPlxJzpymvi53WU87xA accessed 11-28-2012 NNF
Pressures on Earth's ecosystem are now so great that future generations could be doomed to
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," it said. But rich countries, too, will be hit. B. Human Extinction Inevitable in the squo Ehrlich and Ehrlich, 90- Professor of Population Studies and Professor of Psychological Studies and Professor of Biological Sciences at Stanford University – Professor in the Department of Biological Sciences and the Center for Conservation of Biology at
Stanford University -- 1990 (Paul and Anna Ehrlich “The Population Explosion” p. 174- 175)
The population explosion contributes to international tensions and therefore makes a nuclear holocaust more likely
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the global birthrate to slightly below the death rate for a few centuries. C. The only way to prevent total extinction is to move to a steady state – now is key.
William Ophuls, Professor of Political Science at Northwestern University and Former member of the U.S. Foreign Service. 1992. Ecology and the politics of scarcity revisited.
Throughout most of recorded history, the human race has existed in rough equilibrium with
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reconstitution of the political paradigm that prevails throughout most of the modern world. D. Nationalization is a key first step to move toward a steady state economy
Mosley 6/12/12
Geoff, Mosely, Mosley has a Ph.D. from the Australian National University and was previously the CEO of the Australian Conservation Foundation, where he is presently a councilor. He is the author of over 20 books dealing with conservation and recently published Steady State: Alternative to Endless Economic Growth.http://www.stwr.org/economic-sharing-alternatives/talk-to-era.html (10/11/12)
To achieve the twin goals of sustainability and equality there will need to be some
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and services;; f) shorten the working week and lengthen leave entitlements. |
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DoD budget aligned with DoD strategic guidance now—additional tradeoffs collapse the entire package
Harrison 12
Todd Harrison, Center for Strategic and Budgetary Priorities, 8/24/2012, ANALYSIS OF THE FY 2013 DEFENSE BUDGET AND SEQUESTRATION, http://www.csbaonline.org/publications/2012/08/analysis-of-the-fy2013-defense-budget-and-sequestration/ The Fiscal Year (FY) 2013 defense budget currently being debated in Congress is
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unscathed and the Department will likely be forced to revise its strategic guidance. Nuclear is uniquely cost-prohibitive—massive cost overruns
USA Today 9
USA Today, 8/1/2009, Cost overruns for reactors in the offing., www.thefreelibrary.com/Cost+overruns+for+reactors+in+the+offing.-a0206055211 The likely cost
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policies in recent years." Plan causes massive tradeoffs undermining the military budget
Spencer 11, research fellow in nuclear energy – Heritage, 6/22/’11
(Jack, “Capability, Not Politics, Should Drive DOD Energy Research,” http://www.heritage.org/research/reports/2011/06/capability-not-politics-should-drive-dod-energy-research) With multiple wars ….. for government support. Resourced strategic guidance key to overall hegemony, and Asia and Middle East stability
Barno and Bensahel 12
David Barno, Lieutenant General, Center for a New American Security Senior Advisor and Senior Fellow, Nora Bensahel, Ph.D., CNAS Deputy Director of Studies and Senior Fellow, 1/6/12, You Can't Have It All, www.cnas.org/node/7641 On Thursday, President Barack Obama and his top defense advisers unveiled new strategic guidance
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on the global stage. Asia conflict likely and goes nuclear war
Landy, National Security Expert @ Knight Ridder, 3/10/’2K
(Jonathan, Knight Ridder, lexis) Few if any experts think China and Taiwan, North Korea and South Korea,
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that totaled $600 billion last year, according to the Commerce Department. |
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CP:{condition aff plan on performance review} The CP solves the case and promotes innovation
Jenkins et. al, April 2012 (Jesse – Director of Energy and Climate
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Tech on a Path to Subsidy Independence, p. 38-39)
In particular, many of today’s clean tech deployment subsidies and policies should be reformed
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portfolio, and put clean tech segments on track to full subsidy independence. Avoids politics
The New York Times, 5/5/2012 (The End of Clean Energy Subsidies?, p. http://www.nytimes.com/2012/05/06/opinion/sunday/the-end-of-clean-energy-subsidies.html?_r=2)
This alarming news is contained in a new report from experts at the Brookings Institution
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notion that, one would hope, might appeal even to House Republicans. |
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A. Your decision should answer the resolutional question: Is the enactment of topical action better than the status quo or a competitive option? - “Resolved” before a colon reflects a legislative forum
Army Officer School ‘04
(5-12, “# 12, Punctuation – The Colon and Semicolon”, http://usawocc.army.mil/IMI/wg12.htm)
The colon introduces the following: a. A list, but only after "
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with dock g. A formal resolution, after the word "resolved:"
Resolved: (colon) That this council petition the mayor.
2. “USFG should” means the debate is solely about a policy established by governmental means
Ericson ‘03
(Jon M., Dean Emeritus of the College of Liberal Arts – California Polytechnic U., et al., The Debater’s Guide, Third Edition, p. 4)
The Proposition of Policy: Urging Future Action In policy propositions, each topic contains
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compelling reasons for an audience to perform the future action that you propose. Decisionmaking—debate over a controversial point of action creates argumentative stasis—that’s key to avoid a devolution of debate into competing truth claims
Steinberg, lecturer of communication studies – University of Miami, and Freeley, Boston based attorney who focuses on criminal, personal injury and civil rights law, ‘8
(David L. and Austin J., Argumentation and Debate: Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision Making p. 45) Debate is a means of settling differences, so there must be a difference of
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Congress to make progress on the immigration debate during the summer of 2007.
Someone disturbed by the problem of the growing underclass of poorly educated, socially disenfranchised
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specific policies to be investigated and aid discussants in identifying points of difference.
To have a productive debate, which facilitates effective decision making by directing and placing
AND - the comparative effectiveness of writing or physical force for a specific purpose.
Although we now have a general subject, we have not yet stated a problem
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particular point of difference, which will be outlined in the following discussion.
Decisionmaking is the most portable skill—key to all facets of life and advocacy
Steinberg, lecturer of communication studies – University of Miami, and Freeley, Boston based attorney who focuses on criminal, personal injury and civil rights law, ‘8
(David L. and Austin J., Argumentation and Debate: Critical Thinking for Reasoned Decision Making p. 9-10) After several days of intense debate, first the United States House of Representatives and
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support the military action, and in the face of significant international opposition.
Meanwhile, and perhaps equally difficult for the parties involved, a young couple deliberated
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made. Each decision maker worked hard to make well-reasoned decisions.
Decision making is a thoughtful process of choosing among a variety of options for acting
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decision making, as do our school, community, and social organizations.
We all make many decisions even- day. To refinance or sell one's home, to buy a high-performance SUV or an economical hybrid car. what major to select, what to have for dinner, what candidate CO vote for. paper or plastic, all present lis with choices. Should the president deal with an international crisis through military invasion or diplomacy? How should the U.S. Congress act to address illegal immigration?
Is the defendant guilty as accused? Tlie Daily Show or the ball game?
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do we sort through it and select the best information for our needs?
The ability of every decision maker to make good, reasoned, and ethical decisions relies heavily upon their ability to think critically. Critical thinking enables one to break argumentation down to its component parts in order to evaluate its relative validity and strength. Critical thinkers are better users of information, as well as better advocates.
Colleges and universities expect their students to develop their critical thinking skills and may require students to take designated courses to that end. The importance and value of such study is widely recognized.
Much of the most significant communication of our lives is conducted in the form of debates. These may take place in intrapersonal communications, in which we weigh the pros and cons of an important decision in our own minds, or they may take place in interpersonal communications, in which we listen to arguments intended to influence our decision or participate in exchanges to influence the decisions of others.
Our success or failure in life is largely determined by our ability to make wise
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customer for out product, or a vote for our favored political candidate. Decisionmaking skills and engagement with the state energy apparatus prevents energy technocracy and actualizes radical politics
Hager, professor of political science – Bryn Mawr College, ‘92
(Carol J., “Democratizing Technology: Citizen and State in West German Energy Politics, 1974-1990” Polity, Vol. 25, No. 1, p. 45-70) During this phase, the citizen initiative attempted to overcome its defensive posture and implement
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. Thus, local activists met to discuss forming their own voting list.
These discussions provoked internal dissent. Many citizen initiative members objected to the idea of
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politics themselves; self-determination was the aim of their activity.48
Once in parliament, the AL proposed establishment of a temporary parliamentary commission to study
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forum they sought to push for modernization and technical innovation in energy policy.
Although it had scaled down the proposed new plant, the utility had produced no
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policy motivated policy makers to take stronger positions in favor of environmental protection.
III. Conclusion
The West Berlin energy project eventually cleared all planning hurdles, and construction began in
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particular projects was a reaction against the administrative-economic system in general.
One author, for example, describes the emergence of two-dimensional protest against
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as the more important and in many ways the more prob-lematic.
Parliamentary Politics
In the 1970s, energy politics began to develop in the direction Offe de-
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and fundamentally change it, to restore the link between bureaucracy and citizenry.
Parliamentary politics was partially revived in the eyes of West German grassroots groups as a
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they have a chance to implement at least some parts of their program.
This internal debate, which has never been resolved, can be interpreted in different
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by grassroots groups and parties keeps questions of democracy on the public agenda.
Technical Debate
In West Berlin, the two-dimensionality of the energy issue forced citizen activists to become both participants in and critics of the policy process. In order to defeat the plant, activists engaged in technical debate. They won several decisions in favor of environmental protection, often proving to be more informed than bureaucratic experts themselves. The case study demonstrates that grassroots groups, far from impeding techno-logical advancement, can actually serve as technological innovators.
The activists' role as technical experts, while it helped them achieve some success on
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much influenced by the choices of policy makers as by independent technical criteria.
Submission to the form and language of technical debate, however, weakened activists' attempts
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raised the possibility of a dialogue that is both technically sophisticated and democratic.
In sum, although the legitimation problems which gave rise to grass-roots protest have not been resolved, citizen action has worked to counter the marginalization of parliamentary politics and the technocratic character of policy debate that Offe and Habermas identify. The West Berlin case suggests that the solutions to current legitimation problems may not require total repudiation of those things previously associated with technocracy.56
In Berlin, the citizen initiative and AL continue to search for new, more
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a space for a delibera-tive politics in modern technological society.61 And, Dialogue. Debate’s critical axis is a form of dialogic communication within a confined game space. Unbridled affirmation makes research impossible and destroys dialogue in debate
Hanghoj 8
http://static.sdu.dk/mediafiles/Files/Information_til/Studerende_ved_SDU/Din_uddannelse/phd_hum/afhandlinger/2009/ThorkilHanghoej.pdf
Thorkild Hanghøj, Copenhagen, 2008
Since this PhD project began in 2004, the present author has been affiliated with DREAM (Danish
Research Centre on Education and Advanced Media Materials), which is located at the Institute of
Literature, Media and Cultural Studies at the University of Southern Denmark. Research visits have
taken place at the Centre for Learning, Knowledge, and Interactive Technologies (L-KIT), the
Institute of Education at the University of Bristol and the institute formerly known as Learning Lab
Denmark at the School of Education, University of Aarhus, where I currently work as an assistant
professor. Debate games are often based on pre-designed scenarios that include descriptions of issues
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dialogue as an end in itself” (Wegerif, 2006: 61). Dialogue is critical to affirming any value—shutting down deliberation devolves into totalitarianism and reinscribes oppression
Morson 4
http://www.flt.uae.ac.ma/elhirech/baktine/0521831059.pdf#page=331
Northwestern Professor, Prof. Morson's work ranges over a variety of areas: literary theory (especially narrative); the history of ideas, both Russian and European; a variety of literary genres (especially satire, utopia, and the novel); and his favorite writers -- Chekhov, Gogol, and, above all, Dostoevsky and Tolstoy. He is especially interested in the relation of literature to philosophy. Bakhtin viewed the whole process of “ideological” (in the sense of
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proceed in much the same way, in an ongoing spiral of intolerance. Third, predictable limits are good.
a. Switch side debate over environmental issues is critical to effective deliberation
Mitchell 10
(Gordon R., Associate Professor, Director of Graduate Studies, and Director of the William Pitt Debating Union at the University of Pittsburgh; Spring, “Switch-Side Debating Meets Demand-Driven Rhetoric of Science,” Rhetoric and Public Affairs, Vol. 13, No. 1 – Kurr)
The preceding analysis of U.S. intelligence community debating initiatives highlighted how analysts
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paradigms of policy planning with situated, contingent judgments informed by reflective deliberation. b. Effective deliberation requires predictable points of stasis – its key to overcome politically debilitating self-obsession and key to decision making
Roberts-Miller 03
(Patricia Roberts-Miller is Associate Professor of Rhetoric at the University of Texas "Fighting Without Hatred: Hannah Arendt’s Agonistic Rhetoric" JAC 22.2 2003)
Totalitarianism and the Competitive Space of Agonism Arendt is probably most famous for her analysis
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not relativist, adversarial but not violent, independent but not expressivist rhetoric. |
| 03/04/2013 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Natural gas causes reshoring
IER 12
(Institute of Energy Research, “Abundant Natural Gas Means Low Prices, Increased Trade Potential Natural Gas” April 19, 2012, http://www.instituteforenergyresearch.org/2012/04/19/abundant-natural-gas-means-low-prices-trade-potential/) The United States ranks number one in the world in natural gas production, out
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cents on average for that month between 2006 and 2011. ix Offshoring key to chinese econ
El-Shenawi 11
(Eman, “India and China are reaping the financial benefits produced by wealthy remitters” October 30, 2011, AlArabiya.net) China, a holder of the world's largest foreign exchange reserves, at $3
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the wake of the 2008 global recession and amid the continuing fiscal crises. Chinese economic decline causes Asian instability and nuclear war
Tom Plate, East Asia Expert, Adjunct. Prof. Communications @ UCLA, 6/28/’3
(Neo-cons a bigger risk to Bush than China, Strait Times, l/n)
But imagine a China disintegrating- on its own, without neo-conservative or
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economic growth – the very direction the White House now seems to prefer. |
