Tournament: UMKC | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
Incentive Spec
Interp: The affirmative must specify solvency regulation of incentive they provide
They defend a generic increase and/or decrease.
Limits – Makes the state action bidirectional causing the aff to be a moving target.
Solvency – Makes it probabilistic their evidence will not assume an increase in incentive or decrease in regulation.
Voter for fairness. 

Tournament: Kentucky | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
Financial Incentives are incentives to offer funding for investors.
Czinkota et al 2009—Associate Professor at the McDonough School of Business at Georgetown University, Michael, Fundamentals of International Business, p. 69 – google books
Incentives offered by policymakers to facilitate foreign investments are mainly of three types: fiscal
AND
import quotas, and local content requirements, and investments in infrastructure facilities.
Violation the affirmative is a fiscal incentive by affecting taxes which is distinct.
Reasons to prefer:
1) Limits – the affirmative allows for an unpredictable decrease in regulation as long as it involves an increase in production at some point.
2) Extra-T – The affirmative claims solvency from an untopical part of the resolution making it unpredictable to debate and impossible to predict.
Voter for fairness and education. As always T should be evaluated through a lens of competing interpretations to avoid judge intervention.  

Tournament: UMKC | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
The Russian economy is on the brink of collapse due to decreasing price of oil—aff pushes them over the edge
Pronina 9/20 (Lyubov; Ruble Weakens Most in Two Months as Oil Declines a Fourth Day; www.businessweek.com/news/2012-09-20/ruble-drops-the-most-since-july-23-on-falling-oil-prices; kdf)
The ruble dropped the most in almost two months as crude oil, Russia’s main
AND
Plc. Oil and gas contribute about 50 percent of Russia’s state revenue.
Empirically proven renewables drive down the price of oil
Jaffe 2008 (Amy Myers Wallace S. Wilson Fellow for Energy Studies at the James A. Baker III Institute for Public Policy at Rice University; The Impending Oil Shock: An Exchange; Survival; vol. 50 no. 4; pp. 61–82; kdf)
Moreover, the United States’ experience, while perhaps lacking in comparison to that of
AND
energy systems that could have better applicability in the less-developed world.
Market signal is key—-changing government signal causes prices to crash
Munro 12 Neil, Daily Caller, "Oil prices fall on rumor, but Obama insists nothing can be done" 3/17 dailycaller.com/2012/03/17/oil-prices-fall-on-rumor-but-obama-insists-nothing-can-be-done/2/
President Barack Obama repeatedly says there’s no magic wand to force down gas prices and
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, by state officials and by oil companies during the last several years.¶ 

Nuclear war
Sheldon Filger, 2009 [Author for the Huffington Post, “Russian Economy Faces Disastrous Free Fall Contraction” http://www.globaleconomiccrisis.com/blog/archives/356]
In Russia, historically, economic health and political stability.... Economic Crisis is its least dangerous consequence.

Tournament: UMKC | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
Obama can win now, but base turnout strategy is vulnerable
Gerson 9/10 Michael Gerson Opinion Writer Mitt Romney’s uphill challengehttp://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/michael-gerson-mitt-romneys-uphill-challenge/2012/09/10/61c5eac6-fb7f-11e1-b153-218509a954e1_story.html
The presidential race has been stable for months but not in a way favorable to
AND
, as in courtship, organization is usually a poor substitute for passion.

Bringing energy into the spotlight only hurts Obama- it unifies the republican base and splits the dems
Kemp 12 COLUMN-Romney, Obama both evade key energy issues: Kemp Fri Aug 24, 2012 6:44pm IST (John Kemp is a Reuters market analyst. The views expressed are his own) http://in.reuters.com/article/2012/08/24/column-kemp-energy-us-vote-idINL6E8JO9SC20120824
Both campaigns are keen to highlight their energy policies (though Republicans seem markedly more
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and conservative-leaning districts rebelled against the president's decision to block Keystone.

Romney win crushes US-Russian relations leading to prolif and extinction
Felton 12 Emmanuel FeltoninWorld,Russia 03/12 Mitt Romney Russia Quotes Signal Big Problems For Future US-Russian Relations http://www.policymic.com/articles/6202/mitt-romney-russia-quotes-signal-big-problems-for-future-us-russian-relations
The importance of America’s alliance with Russia is highlighted by the very context of Obama
AND
, global security will continue to be undermined by an increasingly hostile Kremlin. 

Tournament: Kentucky | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge: 

The Defense Department should use a 30 year Power Purchase Agreement to implement and develop solar for military facilities. 

The DoD use of a 30 year power purchase agreement makes creates a financial incentive to create solar energy.
Stoltenberg April 2012 (Blaise Sr Engineer at National Renewable Energy Laboratory, “Funding Solar Projects at Federal Agencies: Mechanisms and Selection Criteria”, https://financere.nrel.gov/finance/content/funding-solar-projects-federal-agencies-power-purchase-agreements-energy-service-contracts-utility-enhanced-use-leases, Vance)
Federal on-site renewable power purchase agreements (PPAs) are contracts for energy
AND
in the first year and confirm form of payment is within agency's authority.

Solar saves the military grid
Castillo 2012 (Ariel, Ph.D., School of Engineering and Applied Science of The George Washington University, “Determination of Solar Energy Transition Potential of Large Organizations: An Application to Department of Defense Facilities and Non-Tactical Vehicles”, (http://gradworks.umi.com/3481180.pdf)CD)
2. Critical missions at military installations are vulnerable to loss from commercial power outage and inadequate backup power supplies” (DSB, 2008)39
Providing for distributed energy operations on DoD bases could help meet electric grid vulnerability challenges
AND
times and maintenance necessary for current base generators is provided at Figure 8.

Tournament: Emporia | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
Transition to renewables coming now
Bowen ’12
Currently a businessman, Robert Bowen served in the Colorado legislature in the 1980s as a moderate Democrat. He was also appointed by three different governors to serve on various boards and commissions. He has followed political news, national news headlines and international news closely for almost five decades.
8-22-12, Examiner, US carbon emissions are declining due to clean energy http://www.examiner.com/article/us-carbon-emissions-are-declining-due-to-clean-energy
A new report that studied 2,500 electrical power plants owned by 100 utilities
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the trend to clean energy that is showing results in our air quality.

Nuclear will crowd out
Toke 2010 (David U of Birmingham, Emeritus prof Davide Elliot Open U; Wrong Policy on Renewable Energy; Dec 27; GUARDIAN LEADER PAGES; Pg. 31; kdf)
We need a German-style system which offers open-ended opportunities to developers
AND
its electricity payments to be reserved for renewable energy, not nuclear power.

Renewables are key to sop extinction
Jagger 2008 (Bianca Chair of World Future Council; CQ Congressional Testimony; CAPITOL HILL HEARING TESTIMONY; Mar 6; kdf)
Jagger ’08 (Bianca, Chair, World Future Council, CQ Congressional Testimony, "RENEWABLE ENERGY," 3/6, lexis)
"If we go beyond the point where human intervention can no longer stabilise the
AND
precipitate cataclysmic changes in the earth system that could obliterate life on earth.

Tournament: KCKCC | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
Peak uranium will happen by 2070, much faster if the US builds more reactors
Burke et al 2012 (Tom; Tony Juniper; Jonathon Porritt; and Charles Secrett; Climate Change and Energy Security; Apr 27; www.jonathonporritt.com/sites/default/files/users/BRIEFING%205%20-%20Climate_and%20energy%20security_27_April%202012.pdf; kdf)
However, neither the IAEA nor the OECDNEA reports address the problem of ore ¶
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¶ of these countries has the potential to ¶ cause serious price fluctuations. 

This means a switch to more dangerous fuels and reprocessing
WSJ 2008 (Peak Uranium: What's Goining to Fuel all those nuclear plants?; Dec 19; blogs.wsj.com/environmentalcapital/2008/12/19/peak-uranium-whats-going-to-fuel-all-those-nuclear-plants/; kdf)
How’s that? Recent years have seen an explosion in uranium exploration after two quiet
AND
-term availability of nuclear energy from a century to thousands of years.”

Reprocessing causes prolif
Union of Concerned Scientists 2011 (Nuclear Reprocessing: Dangerous, Dirty, and Expensive; www.ucsusa.org/nuclear_power/nuclear_power_risk/nuclear_proliferation_and_terrorism/nuclear-reprocessing.html; kdf)
Reprocessing would increase the ease of nuclear proliferation.
U.S. reprocessing would undermine the U.S. goal of halting
AND
, all reprocessing technologies are far more proliferation-prone than direct disposal.

Nuclear proliferation risks extinction
Krieger, 2009 Pres. Nuclear Age Peace Foundation and Councilor – World Future Council, (David, “Still Loving the Bomb After All These Years”, 9-4, https://www.wagingpeace.org/articles/2009/09/04_krieger_newsweek_response.php?krieger)//AA
Jonathan Tepperman’s article in the September 7, 2009 issue of Newsweek, “Why
AND
Jong-Il and his successors are more rational than Mr. Tepperman?

Tournament: Emporia | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
Private sector making massive investments in the energy sector now- market solutions key to competitive energy industries
Nelson 12 James B. Nelson President, Solar 3D INC Testimony, 5/16/2012 Subcommittee on Regulatory Affairs, Stimulus Oversight, and Government Spending http://oversight.house.gov/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/5-16-12-RegAffairs-Nelson.pdf-http://oversight.house.gov/wp-content/uploads/2012/05/5-16-12-RegAffairs-Nelson.pdf
U.S. adoption of solar energy currently lags behind several nations, including
AND
can only be achieved by innovation, not by having government fund commercialization.

Financial incentives undermine innovation
Shah 11 It’s Time to Kill Permanent Energy Subsidies¶ BY JIGAR SHAH CEO of the Carbon War Room, a nonprofit that harnesses the power of entrepreneurs to implement market-driven solutions to climate change and create a post-carbon economy | MAY 4, 2011 http://www.fastcompany.com/1751390/its-time-kill-permanent-energy-subsidies-http://www.fastcompany.com/1751390/its-time-kill-permanent-energy-subsidies
Permanent subsidies don’t create jobs and sharpen the competitive edges of new companies. Instead
AND
to big problems that are bad for business have no hope of success.

Innovation key to the economy-turns the aff
Edwards and DeHaven 12 Corporate Welfare Spending vs. the Entrepreneurial Economy by Chris Edwards and Tad DeHaven House Budget Committee This testimony was delivered on June 1, 2012. Fellows at the CATO Institutehttp://www.cato.org/publications/congressional-testimony/corporate-welfare-spending-vs-entrepreneurial-economy-http://www.cato.org/publications/congressional-testimony/corporate-welfare-spending-vs-entrepreneurial-economy
Most of America’s technological and industrial advances have come from innovative private businesses in competitive
AND
are usually quickly exposed and businesses cut their losses short and change direction.

Tournament: UMKC | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge: 

The United States federal government will open up the Waste Isolation Pilot Plant for the storage of commercial nuclear waste.

WIPP is safe for long term storage- solves all of the advantage
Miller 9/23/12 New Mexico holds nuclear waste key Consent-based storage model a proven success. By WILLIAM H. MILLER professor emeritus at the Missouri University Research Reactor and the Nuclear Science and Engineering Institute Sunday, September 23, 2012 http://www.columbiatribune.com/news/2012/sep/23/new-mexico-holds-nuclear-waste-key/-http://www.columbiatribune.com/news/2012/sep/23/new-mexico-holds-nuclear-waste-key/
As a way to dispose of the nation’s high-level nuclear waste, it
AND
and the defense program, the place to begin is southeastern New Mexico.

Tournament: Kentucky | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
The AFF’s approach to reduction of the natural world to a means of securing energy enframes existence, stripping beings of their very essence.
Beckman 0
Tad, Harvey Mudd College, "Martin Heidegger and Environmental Ethics,"http://www2.hmc.edu/~tbeckman/personal/Heidart.html -http://www2.hmc.edu/tbeckman/personal/Heidart.html  myost
To uncover the essence of modern technology is to discover why technology stands today as
AND
their subjective status of standing-ready for human design. (8)

The AFF’s ontology reduces the world to "Standing Reserve" to be called upon as it benefits the Self and refuses to value the world as anything else. This renders all beings objects—setting the tone for global warfare.
Zimmerman 81
Michael E. Zimmerman, Tulane University. Eclipse of the Self: The Development of Heidegger’s Concept of Authenticity. 220-224.  myost
In 1951 Heidegger noted that Spengler’s idea of the "decline of the West"
AND
is merely a capitalist gone mad, the capitalist is a rational miser.

The alternative is to do nothing.
This isn’t a question of passivity but of a releasement from the Will to Technology and an openness to the mystery of Being which transcends activity. Only such an ontological disarmament inaugurates new modes of revealing that don’t depend on the world’s subordination to human motivations.====
McWhorter 92
Ladelle McWhorter, University of Richmond. Heidegger and the Earth: Issues in Environmental Philosophy. Kirksville, MO: Truman State University Press, 1992. 3-7.  myost
Heidegger’s work is a call to reflect to think in some way other than calculatively
AND
threatens our very being, the configurations of subjective existence in our age.

Tournament: UMKC | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
The affirmative only makes energy production easier and thus cheaper, the logic of capitalism dictates that this only increases consumption resulting in extinction of the planet
Foster et al 2010 (John Bellamy prof of sociology @ U of Oregon, Brett Clark Assistant prof of sociology @ NC State U and Richard York assoc. prof of sociology @ U of Oregon; Capitalism and the Curse of Energy Efficiency; Nov 1;http://monthlyreview.org/2010/11/01/capitalism-and-the-curse-of-energy-efficiency; kdf)
The Jevons Paradox was forgotten in the heyday of the age of petroleum during the
AND
equality, human development, community, and sustainability are the explicit goals.

Capitalism’s naturalization of the process of subjugation creates social exclusion on a global scale – the ultimate ethico-political responsibility is to challenge the foundations of this system’s organization principles. This makes reaching the Universal impossible.
Zizek and Daly 2004 (Slavoj and Glyn, Conversations with Zizek, 14-6)
For Zizek it is imperative that we cut through this Gord¬ian knot of
AND
the abject Other to that of a 'glitch' in an otherwise sound matrix.

Thus the Alternative: Vote negative to do nothing

Doing nothing is not just sitting and waiting for the moment to attack—it is the only genuine political actit is an act of abstaining from the depoliticized gameboard of capitalism by refusing to play their game—ultimately withdrawing past the point of commodification
Zizek 2008 (Slavoj, Senior researcher at the Institute of Sociology, University of Ljubljana, Violence: Big Ideas small books. Picador, pg(s) 213-7, kdf)
Last but not least, the lesson of the intricate rela¬tionship between subjective and systemic
AND
political act: it forcefully confronts us with the vacuity of today's democracies.

Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
The focus on oppression for closes the possibility of emancipation of humanity as a whole. 

Badiou 2001 (Alain, Former Chair of philosophy @ Eco Nomale, Ethics: An Essay on Understanding Evil, p. 107-
109, kdf) 

When I hear people say 'We are oppressed….which touches on a transformation of that order as a whole.

The 1AC is built upon the language and imagery of victimization. This is not a neutral process but rather an insidious means by which today’s prevailing ethical consensus reduces the subjects of its interventions to mere biological existence. The rights that the affirmative grants are purely conservative and prevent from achieving a truly political subjectivity.

Badiou 2001 (Alain, Ethics: An Essay on the Understanding of Evil, p. 8-10, kdf)

The heart of the question concerns the ….incompetence, its own inanity — in short, of its subhumanity.
Humanitarian intervention must be rejected because it drains situations of their potentially radical political content, divides the world into heroic saviors and barbaric victims, and defines good only in opposition to evil, which is a conservative notion that resists positive projections of alternative futures.

Brown 2004 (Nicholas, University of Illinois at Chicago, Or, Alain Badiou and Slavoj Žižek, Waiting for Something to Happen, CR: The New Centennial Review 4.3 (2004) 289-319). 

Ethics—cogently translated by Peter Hallward, who also provides a pertinent …." (Ethics, 13), and the second half of the book is an attempt to think through an ethics that would begin from the good.

The Politics of human rights justifies large scale violence—those with power can wage wars against the masses outside the circle of those who don’t have rights

Meister 2002 (Robert Prof of Philosophy @ UC Santa Cruz, Ethics and International Affairs, Vol. 16, Iss. 2, pg 91, kdf)

The anti-messianic message of the Human Rights Discourse …. and a war can thereby be driven to the most extreme inhumanity."35 

Prescribed legislative ethics destroys personal responsibility making maintaining fidelity impossible. 

Diprose 2008 (Rosalyn, Professor UNSW,  Arendt and Nietzsche on responsibility and futurity)

With regard to this overarching concern for the body’s futurity, … He would have the ‘conscience’ of a machine.

Ethics feeds off of the proximity of the suffering Other and secretly relies on the continuation of that suffering to justify furthering ethical ideology. The impact is that ethics entails the power to decide who lives and who dies, ensuring massive violence in the name of ethics.

Badiou 2001(Alain, Ethics: An Essay on the Understanding of Evil, p. 34-5, kdf)

We should be more struck …. the courage of truths from nihilism.

The Ethics the affirmative represent are a reconstruction of the status quo as we engage in seeking the helping the Other and never analyze the truth of our situation, this creates a death drive to achieve something that can never be obtained.  

Badiou 1998 (Alain, Professor of Philosophy at the European Graduate School in Saas-Fee, Switzerland, Ethics: An Essay on the Understanding of Evil, 30-34)

The very idea of a consensual 'ethics', …. is shaped by a will to nothingness, whose other name is: death drive. 

Thus the alternative: Vote negative to maintain unconditional fidelity to the communist event

Fidelity is the only response to the affirmatives naturalization of capitalist ethics- only the alternative maintains the ability for the revolution to come into existence

Zizek 2009 (Slavoj; First as tragedy, then as farce; p. 87-94; kdf)
In Kierkegaardian terms, a revolutionary process involves …. conceiving the threat of annihilation as the chance for a radical emancipatory renewal.

Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
The asymmetry between pleasure and pain means we a have duty not to bring new people into the world- the pleasures of existence cannot outweigh the suffering that occurs
Benatar 6 professor of philosophy and head of the Department of Philosophy at the University of Cape Town in Cape Town, South Africa.  Better to Have Never Been. Oxford: Claredon Press p. 29-32
Optimists will be quick to note that I have not told the whole¶ story
AND
(given that there would be nobody who would be deptived of it).

Extinction  is inevitable- delaying it only makes suffering worse
Benatar 6 professor of philosophy and head of the Department of Philosophy at the University of Cape Town in Cape Town, South Africa.  Better to Have Never Been. Oxford: Claredon Press p. 163-164
Trillions of conscious beings inhabit our planet. Exponentially¶ more have already lived.
AND
equal, if¶ humans continued to exist for as long as possible.

Tournament: Wake | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge: 

New mines will be able to meet long-term demand for Rare Earth resources, but supply is vulnerable in the short-term- plan uses these metals

Cho 12 (Renee, 9/19, Earth Institute and a freelance environmental writer, “Rare Earth Metals: Will We Have Enough?” (http://blogs.ei.columbia.edu/2012/09/19/rare-earth-metals-will-we-have-enough/)CD)

 According to a recent Congressional Research Service pdf(% style="font-size:12.0pt;mso-fareast-font-family:"Times New Roman"" %), world demand for rare earth

AND

reopened and expects to be operating at full capacity this year.¶ ¶ ¶

Nuclear uses key RER’s

DOE 11 (Department of Energy, dec, “CRITICAL MATERIALS STRATEGY”, (http://energy.gov/sites/prod/files/DOE_CMS2011_FINAL_Full.pdf)CD)

  Nuclear power technologies use some of the key materials analyzed. Gadolinium, an

AND

, which currently   provides roughly 20% of domestic electricity (Elliot 2011).

A Rapid demand increase means China cuts us off from RERs

Moss et al 11 (R.L.Moss1, E.Tzimas1, H.Kara2, P.Willis2 and J.Kooroshy3, Institute for Energy and Transport The Hague Centre for Strategic Studies, “Critical Metals in Strategic Energy Technologies”, (http://www.google.com/url?sa=tandrct=jandq=andesrc=sandsource=webandcd=1andved=0CCIQFjAAandurl=http%3A%2F%2Fsetis.ec.europa.eu%2Fnewsroom-items-folder%2Fjrc-report-on-criticalmetals-in-strategic-energy-technologies%2Fat_download%2FDocumentandei=9pJLUJivPILjrAH-0YGIAQandusg=AFQjCNFBM7mcUSAU32qKzIavrlOX_oPQegandsig2=s95qFovTbsP8mTqkFiAPqw)CD)

Such bottlenecks could disrupt a timely and affordable supply of these metals to Europe in

AND

some rare earth oxides  (especially dysprosium oxide) in 2011 alone.d  

RERs are key to heg- the impact is extinction

Trigaux 12 (David, University Honors Program University of South Florida St. Petersburg, “The U.S., China and Rare Earth Metals” The Future Of Green Technology, Military Tech, and a Potential Achilles‟ Heel to  American Hegemony.”,(http://dspace.nelson.usf.edu/xmlui/bitstream/handle/10806/4632/David%20Trigaux%20Honors%20Thesis%5B1%5D.pdf?sequence=1)CD)

The implications of a rare earth shortage aren‟t strictly related to the   environment

AND

challenges to US primacy, both terrorism and nuclear proliferation can kill thousands. 

Tournament: Wake | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge: 

The United States Federal Government will announce plans and begin to develop the Hall Weather Machine version 2 to limit the negative effects of global warming.

The HWM version 2 would solve global warming and create planetary defense against aliens and asteroids

DVORSKY 2012 (GEORGE, is a org/wiki/Bioethicist||title="Bioethicist", org/wiki/Transhumanist||title="Transhumanist", org/wiki/Futurist||title="Futurist", and producer of the Sentient Developments blog and podcast. Dvorsky is a co-founder and president of the Toronto Transhumanist Association, and currently serves as Chair of the Board for the Institute for Ethics and Emerging org/wiki/Institute_for_Ethics_and_Emerging_Technologies||title="Institute for Ethics and Emerging Technologies" (IEET). “Could we build a weather machine to stop climate change?”, http:~/~/io9.com/5915251/com/5915251/could-we-build-a-weather-machine-to-stop-climate-change, Vance)

Hall has also devised a second version of this machine that would still utilize balloons

AND

hell of a planetary defense against anything from wayward asteroids to invading aliens."

The counterplan solves- unilateral geoengineering projects lead to global CO2 abatement

Millard-Ball 12 professor of geography at McGill CLIMATIC CHANGE¶ Volume 110, Numbers 3-4 (2012), 1047-1066, DOI: 10.1007/s10584-011-0102-0¶ The Tuvalu Syndrome¶ Can geoengineering solve climate’s collective action problem?¶ Adam Millard-Ball http:~/~/papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2028166url:http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=2028166

In practice, however, neither geoengineering nor substantial abatement has been¶ undertaken in

AND

for nations to¶ reduce emissions to the level that avoids that threat.

Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
A. Interp – the AFF must defend a USFG policy that either reduces restrictions on or provides financial incentives for energy production.
“Resolved” means the framework for the resolution is to enact a policy.
Words and Phrases 64
(Permanent Edition)
Definition of the word “resolve,” given by Webster is “to express an opinion or determination by resolution or vote; as ‘it was resolved by the legislature;” It is of similar force to the word “enact,” which is defined by Bouvier as meaning “to establish by law”. 

The USFG is the government in Washington D.C.
Encarta 0
(http://encarta.msn.com)
 “The federal government of the United States is centered in Washington DC”
B. Violation— 1) the AFF does not defend the literal USFG implementation of a policy rather gain solvency form the in round advocacy.
2) Plan in a vacuum – certain energy is not exclusive to the topical forms of energy – includes hydro and geo thermal – extra-topical which ensures the neg can never outweigh the affirmative.
C. Reasons to prefer—
1) Competition – without a stable resolutional advocacy, the AFF can sever all links and moot pre-round prep; competitive equity is valuable and necessary for self-growth. We must have a basis to challenge the AFF and engage in struggle.

Yovel 5
Jonathan, Faculty of Law at University of Haifa in Israel, “Gay Science as Law: An Outline for a Nietzschean Jurisprudence,” Nietzsche and Legal Theory: Half-Written Laws, 2005, rehosted at http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=950742  myost

While reactive forces respond to their context and in this way are dictated by them
AND
did not compromise me: that is my criterion of doing right.”42
2) Creation – creativity is only possible within a system of rules. We cannot speak from nowhere, so we must locate ourselves within morality in order to grow or create.

Ramaekers 1
Stefan, assistant professor at the Laboratory for Education and Society at KU Leuven in Belgium, “Teaching to Lie and Obey: Nietzsche on Education,” Journal of Philosophy of Education 35.2 (2001): 255-264  myost

Much as one values Nietzsche for his cultural criticism and for his culturally innovative ideas
AND
a system of morals inevitably means judging from a particular point of view.
3) Education – we must learn to lie and exploit systems of rules. This is necessary to function in society, where we have to work with others and obey the rules.

Ramaekers 1
Stefan, assistant professor at the Laboratory for Education and Society at KU Leuven in Belgium, “Teaching to Lie and Obey: Nietzsche on Education,” Journal of Philosophy of Education 35.2 (2001): 255-264  myost

In view of the importance Nietzsche attaches to obedience, to being embedded, one
AND
nature of experience, warrants the child giving meaning to her own life.
4) Purposelessness – the ballot cannot be based on self-affirmation. Such affirmation can have no higher purpose; it cannot require the judge’s authority nor can it be premised on success. Like Sisyphus, only when we persist with no hope of overcoming this world by achieving some metaphysical victory does it become possible to celebrate life. For their 1AC to be meaningful, you should vote for us. Vote NEG to recognize the AFF’s ability to be self-affirming, requiring the anxiety the ballot represents.

Lane 96
Bob Lane, Instructor at Malaspina University-College in British Columbia, Canada, “The Absurd Hero,” 1996, http://www.levity.com/corduroy/camusabs.htm  myost

Sisyphus is the absurd hero. This man, sentenced to ceaselessly rolling a rock
AND
they testify to man's allegiance to man and not to abstractions or 'absolutes'.
D. This is a voter for competition and education. We should fashion the rules of debate to make ourselves more excellent individuals.

Yovel 5
Jonathan, Faculty of Law at University of Haifa in Israel, “Gay Science as Law: An Outline for a Nietzschean Jurisprudence,” Nietzsche and Legal Theory: Half-Written Laws, 2005, rehosted at http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=950742  myost

In society, the law that best serves the Person of Power is that which
AND
the will to cast itself in the world, both natural and social.

Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
Speaking for others invokes the same power structure that silences those they try to help in the first place. They can’t control meaning and interpretation unless they acknowledge that social location is more important than content
Alcoff in 1991 (Linda Martin Dept of Philosophy @ Syracuse; The Problem of Speaking For Other www.alcoff.com/content/speaothers.html; kdf)

Let me return now to the formulation of the problem of speaking for others.
AND
the choice here as one between no accountability or complete causal power.

Their mode of advocacy should be rejected – it only results in ideological fantasies
Welsh 12 Coming to Terms with the Antagonism between Rhetorical Reflection and Political Agency Scott Welsh Department of Communication Appalachian State University Philosophy and Rhetoric  Volume 45, Number 1, 2012
In light of Žižek’s account of antagonism, one should not be surprised, however
AND
of what Žižek calls supplemental ideological fantasies or ready explanations for the gap.

Their notion of debate produces antagonisms between becoming complicit with the status quo and being producers of expert knowledge causing their calls for openness to fail

Welsh 12 Coming to Terms with the Antagonism between Rhetorical Reflection and Political Agency Scott Welsh Department of Communication Appalachian State University Philosophy and Rhetoric  Volume 45, Number 1, 2012
I argue that the ongoing debate in rhetorical studies about the relationship between scholarly reflection
AND
like hypocrisy or, even worse, complicity in the perpetuation of brokenness.
The subject position inhabited by many rhetoric scholars is not only structured by a fundamental
AND
work, neither of which is well suited to scholar-citizen engagement.

There are structural issues with Bearing Witness- it is impossible to truly convey the trauma of a type of violence
Baum in 2010 (Erica;  Celan, Derrida and bearing witness; http://bebrowed.wordpress.com/2010/04/05/celan-derrida-and-bearing-witness/; kdf)

This might take some time as I have a number of things that I
AND
as a theoretical proof , a testimony can no longer be guaranteed astestimony.”

The witnessing of the 1ac will always be incomplete and risk violence, psychological and physical, to those who do Bear Witness
Baum in 2010 (Erica;  Celan, Derrida and bearing witness; http://bebrowed.wordpress.com/2010/04/05/celan-derrida-and-bearing-witness/; kdf)

We now come to Bloody Sunday and I’m aware that I’m writing this prior
AND
correct about the damage that is done once witnesses encounter an official domain.

You must be present to bear witness
Oliver 2K
(Kelly is W. Alton Jones Professor of Philosophy at Vanderbilt
AND
witnessing such a powerful alternative to recognition in formulating identity and ethical relations.

Speaking for others perpetuates a discursive hierarchy and oppression. Narratives fail at true inclusion or explanation
Alcoff in 1991 (Linda Martin Dept of Philosophy @ Syracuse; The Problem of Speaking For Other www.alcoff.com/content/speaothers.html; kdf)

In rejecting a general retreat from speaking for, I am not advocating a return
AND
any of these elements is changed, a new evaluation is called for.

The affirmative fetishizes the narrative – prevents true change
Brown 96 (Wendy is Professor of Women's Studies and Legal Studies, and is Co-Director of the Center for Cultural Studies at the University of California, Santa Cruz.  The University of Chicago Law School Roundtable)
But if the silences in discourses of domination are a site for insurrectionary noise,
AND
regulation of those lives, all the while depoliti- cizing their conditions. 

Tournament: Shirley | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge: 

FW

A. Interp – the AFF must defend a USFG policy that either reduces restrictions on or provides financial incentives for energy production.

“Resolved” means the framework for the resolution is to enact a policy.

Words and Phrases 64

(Permanent Edition)

Definition of the word “resolve… establish by law”.

The USFG is the government in Washington D.C.

Encarta 0

(http://encarta.msn.com)

 “The federal government of the United States is centered in Washington DC”

B. Violation— 1) the AFF does not defend the literal USFG implementation of a policy rather gain solvency form the in round advocacy.

C. Reasons to prefer—

1) Competition – without a stable resolutional advocacy, the AFF can sever all links and moot pre-round prep; competitive equity is valuable and necessary for self-growth. We must have a basis to challenge the AFF and engage in struggle.

Yovel 5

Jonathan, Faculty of Law at University of Haifa in Israel, “Gay Science as Law: An Outline for a Nietzschean Jurisprudence,” Nietzsche and Legal Theory: Half-Written Laws, 2005, rehosted at http:~/~/papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=950742url:http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=950742 // myost

While reactive forces respond to their context and in this way are dictated by them

AND

did not compromise me: that is my criterion of doing right.”42

2) Creation – creativity is only possible within a system of rules. We cannot speak from nowhere, so we must locate ourselves within morality in order to grow or create.

Ramaekers 1

Stefan, assistant professor at the Laboratory for Education and Society at KU Leuven in Belgium, “Teaching to Lie and Obey: Nietzsche on Education,” Journal of Philosophy of Education 35.2 (2001): 255-264 // myost

Much as one values Nietzsche for his cultural criticism and for his culturally innovative ideas

AND

a system of morals inevitably means judging from a particular point of view.

3) Education – we must learn to lie and exploit systems of rules. This is necessary to function in society, where we have to work with others and obey the rules.

Ramaekers 1

Stefan, assistant professor at the Laboratory for Education and Society at KU Leuven in Belgium, “Teaching to Lie and Obey: Nietzsche on Education,” Journal of Philosophy of Education 35.2 (2001): 255-264 // myost

In view of the importance Nietzsche attaches to obedience, to being embedded, one

AND

nature of experience, warrants the child giving meaning to her own life.

4) Purposelessness – the ballot cannot be based on self-affirmation. Such affirmation can have no higher purpose; it cannot require the judge’s authority nor can it be premised on success. Like Sisyphus, only when we persist with no hope of overcoming this world by achieving some metaphysical victory does it become possible to celebrate life. For their 1AC to be meaningful, you should vote for us. Vote NEG to recognize the AFF’s ability to be self-affirming, requiring the anxiety the ballot represents.

Lane 96

Bob Lane, Instructor at Malaspina University-College in British Columbia, Canada, “The Absurd Hero,” 1996, http:~/~/www.levity.com/corduroy/htm // myost

Sisyphus is the absurd hero. This man, sentenced to ceaselessly rolling a rock

AND

they testify to man's allegiance to man and not to abstractions or 'absolutes'.

D. This is a voter for competition and education. We should fashion the rules of debate to make ourselves more excellent individuals.

Yovel 5

Jonathan, Faculty of Law at University of Haifa in Israel, “Gay Science as Law: An Outline for a Nietzschean Jurisprudence,” Nietzsche and Legal Theory: Half-Written Laws, 2005, rehosted at http:~/~/papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=950742url:http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=950742 // myost

In society, the law that best serves the Person of Power is that which

AND

the will to cast itself in the world, both natural and social.

Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge: 

Case

Speaking for others invokes the same power structure that silences those they try to help in the first place. They can’t control meaning and interpretation unless they acknowledge that social location is more important than content

Alcoff in 1991 (Linda Martin Dept of Philosophy @ Syracuse; The Problem of Speaking For Other www.alcoff.com/content/speaothers.html; kdf)

Let me return now 

AND

 accountability or complete causal power.

Their mode of advocacy should be rejected – it only results in ideological fantasies

Welsh 12 Coming to Terms with the Antagonism between Rhetorical Reflection and Political Agency Scott Welsh Department of Communication Appalachian State University Philosophy and Rhetoric  Volume 45, Number 1, 2012

In light of Žižek’s account of antagonism, one should not be surprised, however

AND

of what Žižek calls supplemental ideological fantasies or ready explanations for the gap.

Their notion of debate produces antagonisms between becoming complicit with the status quo and being producers of expert knowledge causing their calls for openness to fail

Welsh 12 Coming to Terms with the Antagonism between Rhetorical Reflection and Political Agency Scott Welsh Department of Communication Appalachian State University Philosophy and Rhetoric  Volume 45, Number 1, 2012

I argue that …

scholar-citizen engagement.

There are structural issues with Bearing Witness- it is impossible to truly convey the trauma of a type of violence 

Baum in 2010 (Erica;  Celan, Derrida and bearing witness; http:~/~/bebrowed.wordpress.com/2010/04/05/celan-derrida-and-bearing-witness/http://bebrowed.wordpress.com/2010/04/05/celan-derrida-and-bearing-witness/(% style="font-family:"Calibri","sans-serif";mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin; mso-hansi-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-bidi-theme-font:minor-latin;background: white" %); kdf)

This might …

guaranteed astestimony.”

The witnessing of the 1ac will always be incomplete and risk violence, psychological and physical, to those who do Bear Witness
 Baum in 2010 (Erica;  Celan, Derrida and bearing witness; http:~/~/bebrowed.wordpress.com/2010/04/05/celan-derrida-and-bearing-witness/http://bebrowed.wordpress.com/2010/04/05/celan-derrida-and-bearing-witness/(% style

"font-size:10.0pt;mso-bidi-font-size:11.0pt;background:white" %); kdf) ====

We now come to …

encounter an official domain.

You must be present to bear witness

Oliver 2K
 (Kelly is W. Alton Jones Professor of Philosophy at Vanderbilt

AND

 formulating identity and ethical relations.

Speaking for others perpetuates a discursive hierarchy and oppression. Narratives fail at true inclusion or explanation

Alcoff in 1991 (Linda Martin Dept of Philosophy @ Syracuse; The Problem of Speaking For Other www.alcoff.com/content/speaothers.html; kdf)

In rejecting a general …

evaluation is called for.

The affirmative fetishizes the narrative – prevents true change

Brown 96 (Wendy is Professor of Women's Studies and Legal Studies, and is Co-Director of the Center for Cultural Studies at the University of California, Santa Cruz.  The University of Chicago Law School Roundtable)

But if the …

their conditions. 

Tournament:  | Round:  | Opponent:  | Judge:
Representing nature as a wholistic and balanced entity is a depoliticizing act – rather than contest systems of knowledge which drive environmental domination and consumption we outsource responsibility for environmental solution onto experts and the state.
Swyngedouw, 2011 Erik – Professor of Geography @ the University of Manchester, “Whose Environment? The End of Nature, Climate Change, and the Process of Post-Politicization”, Ambiente and Sociedade Volume 14 number 2
In Ecology without Nature, ….. concern for a Nature that seems to veer off-balance.

Belief in a stable and ordered Nature that we can calculate and manage is ideological mystification – any action threatens unpredictable catastrophe.
Zizek, 2008 Slavoj, “Nature and its Discontents”, SubStance issue 117 vol 37 number 3
This reference to Darwin is deeply misleading: …. of activity can trigger an even greater catastrophe. End Page 56 

This attempt to contain the chaos of nature leads to militarism makes the entire planet a gameboard for military elites to extend their control over; the ballot maps you as a human commodity on this gameboard – the impact is a global system of control that replicates the impacts it tries to avoid at all levels of society

Virilio 1990 (Paul, Director of the Ecole Speciale d´Architecture in Paris since 1975, writer and cultural theorist Paul Virilio has written sixteen books, Popular Defense and Ecological Struggles, Semiotext, p. 64-67)

But this social treatment corresponds to …. popular resistance once and for all?

Thus the alternative is to do nothing.
Doing nothing is an investigation of how environmental education circulates how we view nature.

Luke 2001 (Timothy Department of Political Science, Virginia Polytechnic;Education, Environment and Sustainability: what are the issues, where to intervene, what must be done?; Educational Philosophy and Theory, Vol. 33, No. 2; kdf)
To create a truly more sustainable society…. in many corners of today’ s global economy

1nc
T, Renewables, Cap K, Econ D/Growth bad (warming, collapse inevitable), Heg Bad, Images of famine bad