| 10/06/2012 | Tournament: Kentucky | Round: 1 | Opponent: Kentucky GR | Judge: Blumenthal Financial incentives must be targeted at energy production
O’Brien, Minister of State, Department for Energy and Climate Change, UK Parliament, 11/18/’8
(Mike, “Clause 20 — Terms and conditions,” http://www.theyworkforyou.com/debate/?id=2008-11-18b.159.3)
“I have quite a lot still to say” and “feed-in tariff scheme.” For means direct relationship to the object
Words and Phrases 4 (Permanent Edition, “For,” Volume 17, p. 338-343, November, Thomson West)
“W.D.Tenn. 1942. The Fair” and “indirect relation.” |
| 10/06/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: The aff lowers the expected future demand for oil—that causes an immediate decline in price and increase in consumption
Feldstein, 08 – George F. Baker Professor of Economics at Harvard University and Economic Advisor to Mitt Romney (Martin, 7/1/08, “We Can Lower Oil Prices Now”, http://online.wsj.com/article/SB121486800837317581.html?mod=opinion_main_commentaries, KONTOPOULOS)
“Unlike perishable agricultural products” and “and increased consumption today.” The shock in pricing will cause extinction
Riddoch, 04 – Faculty Member of Communications and Creative Industries at Edith Cowan University (Malcolm, 6/19/04, “Peak Oil is Here”, http://www.melbourne.indymedia.org/news/2004/06/72000_comment.php, KONTOPOULOS)
“There are lots of recent 2004” and “companions famine and pestilence.” |
| 10/06/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: Obama will win the election—he’s leading in all polls, swing states and the debate won’t swing enough voters
Zengerle, 10-4-12, Team Obama fights to keep lead after Romney shines in debate, Reuters, Patricia, p. http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/10/04/usa-campaign-idUSL1E8L45RX20121004?type=marketsNews
“Romney's confident, rigorous debating” and “steady since mid-September.” Link: The public would hate letting China own our companies
Griffiths, 9/21 - Contributor to the Shanghaiist (James, 9/21/12, "China becoming key issue in US election", http://shanghaiist.com/2012/09/21/china_becoming_key_issue_in_us_elec.php, KONTOPOULOS)
“This month has shown that if” and “human-rights issues.” Romney will destroy relations with Russia and increase the risk of a Russian-Georgia war
Bandow, 4/23/2012 (Doug – senior fellow at the Cato Institute, Romney and Russia: Complicating American Relations, National Interest, p. http://nationalinterest.org/blog/the-skeptics/romney-russia-complicating-american-relationships-6836)
“Mitt Romney has become the inevitable” and “indulge its paranoia.” US-Russian relations are critical for global security, preventing proliferation, sustaining US leadership and averting nuclear war
Allison and Blackwill, 2011, "10 Reasons Why Russia Still Matters, 10-30-11 Graham Allison, Director, Belfer Center for Science and International Affairs; Douglas Dillon Professor of Government; Faculty Chair, Dubai Initiative, Harvard Kennedy School, Robert D. Blackwill, International Council Member, Belfer Center for Science and International "http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/publication/21469/10_reasons_why_russia_still_matters.html
“That central point is that Russia” and “advancing our national interests.” |
| 10/06/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: Discourses of danger reproduces an American identity that posits the US as a the defender of global freedom and liberty
Campbell, 98 – Professor of International Politics at the University of Newcastle (David, 1998, Writing Security: United States Foreign Policy and the Politics of Identity, Google Books, p.180, KONTOPOULOS)
“The crisis of representation the” and “constitutive of political identity.” That makes extinction inevitable
Willson, 02 – Ph.D in Humanities from New College San Francisco, JD from American University (Brian, 12/1/02, “Armageddon or Quantum Leap? U.S. Imperialism and
Human Consciousness from
an Evolutionary Perspective”, http://www.brianwillson.com/quantum.html, KONTOPOULOS)
“Awaiting the impending U.S.” and “our evolutionary branch” Alternative text—reject the affirmative to desecuritize the Political. The role of the ballot is to interrogate methodologies—to weigh their case the Aff has to legitimize securitization first
Williams, 03 – Professor of International Relations at the University of Ottawa (Michael, December 2003, “Words, Images, Enemies: Securitization and International Politics”, International Studies Quarterly, Vol. 47, No. 4, JSTOR, KONTOPOULOS) PDF
“A second major criticism of the” and “the threat, or both.36” |
| 10/07/2012 | Tournament: Kentucky | Round: 4 | Opponent: Northwestern LV | Judge: Glinecki Interp—substantial increase is at least 30%
Bryson, 2001, Circuit Judge, US Court of Appeals Federal Circuit
265 F.3d 1371; 2001 U.S. App. LEXIS 20590; 60 U.S.P.Q.2D (BNA) 1272, 9/19, lexis)
“The term "to increase” and “used in the claim.” Investment in SMR now
Harrington 12 Kent, ChEnected, March 22, "Small Modular Reactors Closer to Reality", chenected.aiche.org/energy/small-modular-reactors-closer-to-reality/
“This is still a protracted” and “enhanced safety design.” |
| 10/07/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: A. Uniqueness - The IAEA continues to walk on a budget tight-rope, the 2012 budget barely saw any increases, while its investment fund keeps it afloat
Pomper , senior research associate @ James Martin Center for Nonproliferation Studies, and Dover, research assistant @ CNS, September, 2011 World Politics Review - Michelle and Miles, “The IAEA's Political Balancing Act,” nhttp://www.worldpoliticsreview.com/articles/10145/the-iaeas-political-balancing-act?page=3 SM
“Although the IAEA has been” and “zero-growth policy.” B. Link – SMR expansion collapses the IAEA by straining critical resources
Lyman, Dr., Senior Scientist @ Global Security Union of Concerned Scientists, July 14, 2011 Hearing Before a Subcommittee of the Committee on Appropriations United States Senate, “An Examination of the Safety and Economics of Light Water Small Modular Reactors,” One Hundred Twelfth Congress, 1st Session, pg. 27, accessed on 8-30-12 SM¶
“The distributed deployment” and “if feasible at all.” C. Internal Link - fragile safeguard budget of the IAEA prevents nuclear terrorism
Allison, Director of Center for Science and International Affairs @ Harvard, and Sreenivasan et al, former ambassador of India, May 2008 “Reinforcing the Global Nuclear Order for Peace and Prosperity - The Role of the IAEA to 2020 and Beyond,”- Report prepared by an independent Commission at the request of the Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency SM
“Seen against the immense” and “urgent priorities unfunded.” D. Impact - nuclear terrorism sparks global nuclear war and extinction.
Ayson, Professor of Strategic Studies and Director of the Centre for Strategic Studies: New Zealand – Victoria University of Wellington 2010
(Robert, “After a Terrorist Nuclear Attack: Envisaging Catalytic Effects”, Studies in Conflict and Terrorism, 33(7), July)
“A terrorist nuclear attack,” and “of nuclear restraint.” |
| 10/07/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: A. Net growth rate for future nuclear power is zero – it also offers no realistic solution to climate change
Tickell, environmental researcher @ the Guardian, August 20, 2012 The Guardian, Oliver, “Does the world need nuclear power to solve the climate crisis?, accessed on 9/23/21 SM
“Let's look at the figures.” And “close to zero.” B. Link - Development of nuclear power trades off with critical RandD funding towards renewable energy
Verbruggen, University of Antwerp, Belgium, 2008 Energy Policy - Aviel, Renewable and nuclear power: A common future? http://dx.doi.org.proxy.bc.edu/10.1016/j.enpol.2008.06.024, Energy Policy, Volume 36, Issue 11, accessed on 9/23/12 SM
“The critics on the limited” and “allocation of RDandD funds.” C. Internal Link - Renewables key to reduce Co2 emissions and curb climate change
Raghuvanshi et al, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi, India, November 6, 2006 S.P., RENEWABLE ENERGY RESOURCES FOR CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION SM
“Climate change has been” and “climate change mitigation.” D. Impact - Unabated climate change collapses civilization
Figueres, Executive Secretary of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, February 15, 2011 Christiana, Security Address to the Congress of Deputies of Spain at the Centro Superior de Estudios de la Defensa Nacional in Madrid,” http://climateprogress.org/2011/02/15/food-crisis-climate-change-figueres/ SM
“In its context, it is alarming to admit” and “pay the cost to do so.” |
| 10/07/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: A. Text – The United States Congress should pass the plan and the President should not sign or veto the bill. B. Solvency – The Counterplan solves the whole case because the lack of Presidential action results in pocket passage
The Constitution – Article 1 Section 7 http://www.house.gov/Constitution/Constitution.html
"If any Bill shall" and "shall not be a Law." |
| 11/07/2012 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: |
| 11/10/2012 | Tournament: Shirley | Round: | Opponent: | Judge: Fiscal cliff deal will be reached in lame duck
Bendavid et al., 11-8-12, Wall Street Journal, Focus Shifts to 'Fiscal Cliff'; After Obama Victory, Political Leaders Strike Conciliatory Tone Naftali, pfactiva
The day after a hard-… until the last moment. Bipartisan support for enforcing CFIUS against China
Baker-Botts, 2012, President Obama Blocks Chinese-Owned Wind-Farm Development, October 1, p. http://www.bakerbotts.com/file_upload/Update201210IntlTrade-PresidentObamaBlocksChinese-OwnedWind-FarmDevelopment2.htm
CFIUS’ response …state and local level. Political capital is key to reaching fiscal cliff deal
Luce, 11-7-12, Financial Times, Obama must renew bipartisan effort, Edward, p. http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/3ef414fa-28b1-11e2-9591-00144feabdc0.html#axzz2BYx8WODU
There were two …knowledge can be a great liberation. Collapses the U.S. economy and kills heg
Hartcher, 11-8-12, The Sydney Morning Herald, Superman has just 54 days to save the world, Peter,pfactiva
When Barack Obama was still campaigning for the presidency first time around, he was unsettled to receive his first top-secret security briefing from US intelligence chiefs. "You know, I've been worried about losing this election," he told his briefers after learning of the crises waiting on …back to work, Mr President.
Decline of US hegemony risks great power wars
Zhang and Shi, 2011, East Asia Forum, America’s decline: A harbinger of conflict and rivalry, January 22, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace,Yuhan; Columbia University, Lin, p. http://www.eastasiaforum.org/2011/01/22/americas-decline-a-harbinger-of-conflict-and-rivalry/ (accessed: 9-6-2011)
Over the past two …of unrivalled US primacy. Heg solves nuclear war
Nye, ‘90, former assistant secretary of defense and president of Harvard's Kennedy school of government
Joseph, Bound To Lead: The Changing Nature Of American Power 1990, p. 16-17
Some suggest that the …as we know it may end. |
| 11/10/2012 | Tournament: Shirley | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Weakening Solar intensity will lead to a new Maunder minimum Little Ice Age soon
Guimaraes, 2012, We could be at the doorsteps of another Ice Age, May 17, professor at Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, UFMG; Frederico, p. http://iceagenow.info/2012/05/doorsteps-ice-age/
Recent studies and …worldwide, not hotter. Global warming is vital to offset the ice age
Gunter, 2012, National Post, For climate cues, look to the sun, March 7, Lorne, pA14factiva
Scientists who have …global warming it can get. Global cooling will cause Asian monsoon failure and mega-droughts—killing billions and destabilizing India and China
Idso, Carter and Singer, 2011, Climate Change Reconsidered: 2011 Interim Report, Nongovernmental International Panel on Climate Change, Ph.D Chairman for the Center for the Study of Carbon Dioxide and Global Change; Ph.D Adjunct Research Fellow James Cook University; President of Science and Environmental Policy Project, and Professor Emeritus of Environmental Science, University of Virginia, p.;http://nipccreport.org/reports/2011/pdf/2011NIPCCinterimreport.pdf
Moving next to Asia… Little Ice Age. Monsoon failure and drought will cause a China-Russia nuclear war
Cribb, 2010, The Coming Famine: The Global Food Crisis and What We Can Do to Avoid It, Adjunct Professor in Science Communication at the University of Technology Sydney and a fellow of the Australian Academy of Technological Sciences and Engineering; Julian, p.139
In China, where the grain …climate change for humanity. Extinction
Sharavin, 01 (Alexander, Director of the Institute for Military and Political Analysis, What the Papers Say, Oct 3)
Now, a few words about …possible nuclear winter. |
| 11/10/2012 | Tournament: Shirley | Round: | Opponent: Houston AR | Judge:
CFIUS recently rejected a Chinese investment in U.S. wind in Oregon on the ground the aff shifts towards
---this shouldn't collapsed relations and sent the signal of protectionism abroad
---prefer this--most recent ev--proves no unraveling of trade, leadership, or relations
Stoel Rives, 9/24 - LLP (9/24/12, Energy Law Alert: CFIUS Intervenes in Chinese-Owned Wind Project, http://www.stoel.com/showalert.aspx?Show=9813, KONTOPOULOS)
On September 12 …substantial investment by foreign investors. Massive alt causes - Many other things the US is hypocritical on that the plan doesn’t solve—proves they don’t solve trade, the economy, Chinese war or relations
Laundry list of things they don’t solve for—tarriffs on Chinese solar panels, Chinese government protectionism against American wind and solar exports—that’s Neeley
Neeley, Policy Analyst at Armstrong Center for Energy and the Environment, 2012
(Josiah, “Environmentalism’s Sword: Protectionism”, MasterResource, August 30, p.http://www.masterresource.org/2012/08/environmentalism-sword-protectionism/)
Environmentalist …of taking on a life of its own. CFIUS may upset Chinese companies but the Chinese government won’t support overt trade war measures for fear of hypocrisy
Parker, The Diplomat, 2012
(James, “Playing the Protectionism Game”, The Diplomat, October 22, p. http://thediplomat.com/pacific-money/2012/10/22/chinas-protectionism-hypocrisy/)
Recent weeks have …a comparison with its own policies. Current trade disputes won’t undermine the relationship- empirics and compartmentalized relations
Fung, associate editor @ The Atlantic, 2012
10-16, Brian Fung is an associate editor at The Atlantic. He has written previously for Foreign Policy, The Washington Post, and Talking Points Memo. “Don't Panic: U.S.-Chinese Economic Cooperation Isn't About to Break Down,” http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2012/10/dont-panic-us-chinese-economic-cooperation-isnt-about-to-break-down/263652/ It's best not to read …thing or two about each other. No trade war between China and the U.S.
Qingfen, 09
Ding, “China-US trade war unlikely”, http://www.chinadaily.com.cn/china/obamavisitchina/2009-11/14/content_8971627.htm Although trade friction …strains on their relationship. Trade does not solve war—there’s no correlation between trade and peace
Martin, Mayer and Thoenig, 08 (Phillipe, University of Paris 1 Pantheon—Sorbonne, Paris School of Economics, and Centre for Economic Policy Research; Thierry MAYER, University of Paris 1 Pantheon—Sorbonne, Paris School of Economics, CEPII, and Centre for Economic Policy Research, Mathias THOENIG, University of Geneva and Paris School of Economics, The Review of Economic Studies 75)
Does globalization pacify …the number of sovereign states. There’s also no impact to decline
The Seattle Times, 08
Economists disagree …free-trade deal earlier this year. |
| 11/10/2012 | Tournament: Shirley | Round: | Opponent: Houston AR | Judge: No consensus—Over 30,000 scientists reject the IPCC
Curry, 2012, No consensus on consensus: Part II, July 13,Professor and Chair of the School of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences at the Georgia Institute of Technology; Judith, p. http://judithcurry.com/2012/07/13/no-consensus-on-consensus-part-ii/#more-9130
The idea of a scientific …translated as ‘take nobody’s word for it’. Decreasing clouds offset warming—New NASA satellite data proves
Science Daily, February 22, 2012, Earth's Clouds Are Getting Lower, NASA Satellite Finds, p. http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2012/02/120222114358.htm
Earth's clouds got ..closely to see if this trend continues. Schmittner study says IPCC warming projections are too high and no risk of catastrophic warming—new evidence says highest warming possible is only 2.4 degrees
Greenwire News Agency, December 1, 2011, pfactiva
The rate of ..is about 2.4 degrees. Models exaggerate warming—assume higher feedbacks from water vapor and clouds
Istvan, 2012, What climate sensitivity says about the IPCC assessment process, July 22, Chairman and CEO of Third Stream Bioscience, Inc; founder of NanoCarbons LLC, which invented the world’s best capacitive energy storage material; Rud, p. http://judithcurry.com/2012/07/22/what-climate-sensitivity-says-about-the-ipcc-assessment-process/#more-9163
GCMs are ..data. Fix the models. Collapse empirically denied - relations fluctuate
Relations fluctuated over: human rights, trade, proliferation, Taiwan, missile defense, and regional security in East Asia
Slambaugh, ‘5
David Slambaugh, Professor of Political Science and Director of the China Program at George Washington University, Brookings Institution Fellow, The Washington Quarterly, Summer, “The New Strategic Triangle: U.S. and European Reactions to China’s Rise”, 2005, Online
Third, significant divergences …converge against European interests. TURN
A)Water and land constraints will cause Chinese food insecurity and domestic instability—long term yield boosts are key
Romann, 2012, China Daily, Asia Pacific, July 13, hinging on water, business and politics reporter; Alfred, p. http://www.chinadailyapac.com/article/hinging-water
Once chronically short of food, …economic security,” he said.
B)Warming and C02 will boost wheat yields in China—early maturation avoids temperature stress and C02 fertilization increases yields by 37 to 87%
Tao and Zhang, 2011, Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, Climate change, wheat productivity and water use in the North China Plain: A new super-ensemble-based probabilistic projection, Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, doi:10.1016/j.agrformet.2011.10.003 (article in press)
Ensemble-based probabilistic …change in the NCP. |
| 01/05/2013 | Tournament: | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Obama will win on the debt ceiling
Klein, 1-2-13, The Lessons of the fiscal Cliff, Washington Post columnist; Ezra, p. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/wonkblog/wp/2013/01/02/the-lessons-of-the-fiscal-cliff/
“The question of who” and “bit of compromising, too.” Obama needs to use political capital to gain a deal on raising the debt limit
Feehery, 1-2-13, The Clock, President of Communications and Director of Government Affairs for Quinn Gillespie and Associates and former staffer for three prominent members of the United States House of Representatives Republican leadership, John, p. http://www.thefeeherytheory.com/2013/01/02/the-clock/
“The President has already” and “out-of-control spending.” Debt ceiling impasse collapses the US economy
Millhiser, 12-30-12, Lindsay Graham: I Will Destroy America’s Solvency Unless The Social Security Retirement Age Is Raised, Senior Constitutional Policy Analyst at the Center for American Progress Action Fund; Ian, p. http://thinkprogress.org/economy/2012/12/30/1379681/lindsay-graham-i-will-destroy-americas-solvency-unless-the-social-security-retirement-age-is-raised/
“Although official Washington” and “Great Recession of 2008.”” Economic decline causes nuclear war, prolif, terrorism
Kemp, 2010, The East Moves West: India, China, and Asia’s Growing Presence in the Middle East, Director of Regional Strategic Programs at The Nixon Center; Geoffrey, p. 233-4
“The second scenario,” and “the planet’s population.” |
| 02/09/2013 | Tournament: Northwestern | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Obama political capital is key to striking deal with the GOP to delay sequestration cuts
Fournier, 2-6-13, National Journal, Spending Cut Shenanigans: Why Washington Will Fail America Again, Editorial Director of National Journal; Ron, p. http://www.nationaljournal.com/politics/spending-cut-shenanigans-why-washington-will-fail-america-again-20130206
“If "Sequester" was a board game” and “gamesmanship might prevail.” Pushing for another extension of the PTC will drain Obama’s political capital
Kessler, 1-9-13, Recharge News, ANALYSIS: Obama sticks by clean power, Richard, p. http://www.rechargenews.com/wind/article1313384.ece
“The President is signaling” and “later this year.” Obama needs political capital to win sequestration and budget fights with the GOP
Carswell, 1-22-13, The Irish Times, Clock starts to tick for vital second term tasks, Simon, pfactiva
“The president acknowledged the” and “reform of healthcare insurance.” Sequestration cuts and lack of a budget deal from PC causes a US recession
KNOE 8 News, 1-21-13, Fix the Debt announces new state chapter in Louisiana, p. http://www.knoe.com/story/20640016/fix-the-debt-org-announces-new-state-chapter-in-louisiana
“Fix the Debt—Louisiana steering” and “States back into a recession.” |
| 03/10/2013 | Tournament: ADA Nationals | Round: | Opponent: | Judge:
Obama political capital is key to negotiating a grand bargain to rollback sequestration cuts and replace them with long-term cuts in entitlements and higher revenue
Helderman and Rucker, 3-7-13, Washington Post, House votes to avert shutdown as Obama looks for big deal; Rosalind; Philip, pfactiva
“The House took its first” and “potato chips and blueberry pie.” Impact:
Grand Bargain is key to replacing the sequestration cuts and moving the economy on a long-term sustainable growth path
Simpson, 2-20-13, US News and World Report, The Country Must Act to Address the Debt, Former Senators from Wyoming; Alan, p. http://crfb.org/category/issue-area/deficits-and-debt
“My old pal Erskine Bowles” and “growth and a brighter future.” Slow US growth collapses hegemony and competiveness—causing great power wars
Khalilzad, 2011, National Review Online, “The Economy and National Security,” United States ambassador to Afghanistan, Iraq, and the United Nations during the presidency of George W. Bush and the director of policy planning at the Defense Department from 1990 to 1992; Zalmay, p. http://www.nationalreview.com/articles/259024/economy-and-national-security-zalmay-khalilzad
“Today, economic and fiscal trends” and “dangerous era of multi-polarity.” |
| 03/29/2013 | Tournament: NDT | Round: 1 | Opponent: Wake LM | Judge:
1NC CIR will pass —Momentum, Obama’s pushing and the Senate and House are close to a deal
Mali, 3-25-13, The Hill, Obama to host new citizens, push for action on immigration reform, ~Meghashyam~, p. http://thehill.com/blogs/blog-briefing-room/news/290053-obama-to-host-new-citizens-press-congress-on-immigration-reform**
President Obama will host a naturalization ceremony on Monday for 28 new citizens, including
AND
the United States as children to remain in the country and avoid deportation. Political capital is key—-Obama’s leading negotiations with the GOP
AFP 2-19-13, "Obama courts key Republicans on immigration reform," 2013, Factiva
US President Barack Obama on Tuesday called key Senate Republicans, with whom he is
AND
certified as secure.¶ Obama has so far declined to make that linkage. Plan drains Obama’s PC
Nuclear incentives are unpopular
CTL, 12
(Clean Tech Law, 7/28, "No More Solyndras Bill" is back, http://www.cleantechlaw.org/2012/07/no-more-solyndras-bill-is-back.html~~%23more**
It appears that the rebellion by some Republican Congressmen last week against the "No
AND
Eric Cantor (RTP-VA) has received %24176,250. CIR is key to US hegemony
Nye, 2012, "Immigration and American Power," December 10, Project Syndicate, ~a former US assistant secretary of defense and chairman of the US National Intelligence Council, is University Professor at Harvard University; Joseph~, p.http://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/obama-needs-immigration-reform-to-maintain-america-s-strength-by-joseph-s—nye
CAMBRIDGE – The United States is a nation of immigrants. Except for a small
AND
long way toward fulfilling his promise to maintain the strength of the US. Electricity prices low now—-that’s key to the economy
Here’s the tie-breaker—-predictive ev—-prices will remain low—-this also solves for the economy—-"reshoring" of jobs and foreign capital influx
von Schirach, 2/16 - International Economic Development Consultant and International Affairs Commentator and Writer for Avanz International (Paolo, 2/16/13, "America Has Close To The Lowest Electricity Prices In The Developed World – This Is A Huge Comparative Advantage – Energy Intensive Industries Will Relocate Where Electricity Is Most Affordable", http://schirachreport.com/index.php/2013/02/16/america-has-close-to-the-lowest-electricity-prices-in-the-developed-world-this-is-a-huge-comparative-advantage-energy-intensive-industries-will-relocate-where-electricity-is-most-affordable/, KONTOPOULOS)
WASHINGTON – With all its problems, due to the discovery and exploitation of new
AND
rock bottom electricity cost may be the deciding factor in luring new investors. New nuclear reactors drive up electricity prices
Cooper 2009 (Mark, SENIOR FELLOW FOR ECONOMIC ANALYSIS INSTITUTE FOR ENERGY AND THE ENVIRONMENT VERMONT LAW SCHOOL, "THE ECONOMICS OF NUCLEAR REACTORS: RENAISSANCE OR RELAPSE?," http://www.vermontlaw.edu/Documents/Cooper%20Report%20on%20Nuclear%20Economics%20FINAL%5B1%5D.pdf-http://www.vermontlaw.edu/Documents/Cooper Report on Nuclear Economics FINAL%5B1%5D.pdf)
Within the past year, estimates of the cost of nuclear power from a new
AND
immensely to the cost of electricity and the cost of reducing carbon emissions. The impact is global war
Harris and Burrows, 9 – *counselor in the National Intelligence Council, the principal drafter of Global Trends 2025, member of the NIC’s Long Range Analysis Unit "Revisiting the Future: Geopolitical Effects of the Financial Crisis", Washington Quarterly, http://www.twq.com/09april/docs/09apr_burrows.pdf)
Increased Potential for Global Conflict¶ Of course, the report encompasses more than economics
AND
within and between states in a more dog-eat-dog world. Economy fragile now and will overcome budget cuts—-small issues could derail
The Guardian, 3/28 (3/28/13, "US economy growing at faster rate than estimated but recovery is still sluggish", http://www.guardian.co.uk/business/2013/mar/28/us-economy-grows-faster-rate, KONTOPOULOS)
The US economy grew at a moderately faster rate at the end of last year
AND
lead to more spending. Consumer spending drives 70% of economic activity. Discourses of danger reproduces an American identity that posits the US as a the defender of global freedom and liberty
Campbell, 98 – Professor of International Politics at the University of Newcastle (David, 1998, Writing Security: United States Foreign Policy and the Politics of Identity, Google Books, p.180, KONTOPOULOS)
The crisis of representation the United States faces is unique only in the particularities of
AND
the idea that foreign policy/Foreign Policy is constitutive of political identity. That makes extinction inevitable
Willson, 02 – Ph.D in Humanities from New College San Francisco, JD from American University (Brian, 12/1/02, "Armageddon or Quantum Leap? U.S. Imperialism and
Human Consciousness from
an Evolutionary Perspective", http://www.brianwillson.com/quantum.html-http://www.brianwillson.com/quantum.html, KONTOPOULOS)
Awaiting the impending U.S. government’s concocted "preventive" war against Iraq
AND
cyclical, indicate that we are dangerously near the end of our evolutionary branch C. Alternative text—reject the affirmative to desecuritize the Political. D. The role of the ballot is to interrogate methodologies—to weigh their case the Aff has to legitimize securitization first
Williams, 03 – Professor of International Relations at the University of Ottawa (Michael, December 2003, "Words, Images, Enemies: Securitization and International Politics", International Studies Quarterly, Vol. 47, No. 4, JSTOR, KONTOPOULOS) PDF
A second major criticism of the Copenhagen School concerns the ethics of securitization. Simply
AND
questioning the policies, or by disputing the threat, or both.36 Most qualified experts say Chinese aggression doesn’t mean anything
Stratfor 2k1
~2001 annual forecast, January 1, http://www.stratfor.com/products/premium/read_article.php?selected=%26id=101197%26showForecasts=1%26forecas
ts=1~ It is impossible to understate the positions of relative weakness of the Russian and Chinese
AND
control the regions and competing domestic interests that threaten to tear China apart. Deterrence prevents India/Pakistan conflict.
Tepperman ’9
Jonathan Tepperman, Deputy Editor at Newsweek Magazine and former Deputy Managing Editor of Foreign Affairs, September 14, 2009, Newsweek, September 14, 2009, Lexis Academic The record since then shows the same pattern repeating: nuclear-armed enemies slide
AND
leaders on each side did what they had to do to avoid it. No indo pak war
Mutti 9 – over a decade of expertise covering on South Asia geopolitics, Contributing Editor to Demockracy journal (James, 1/5, Mumbai Misperceptions: War is Not Imminent, http://demockracy.com/four-reasons-why-the-mumbai-attacks-wont-result-in-a-nuclear-war/) Writer Amitav Ghosh divined a crucial connection between the two messages. "When commentators
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and is using its regional influence to bring more diplomatic pressure on Pakistan. Russia is winning nuclear contracts in India now but the plan pushes them out—the impact is Russia-India cooperation and successful Indian rise
Bhadrakumar, 12-25-2012 "Wanted: An Ambassador to Russia," Russia %26 India Report, ~Former Ambassador, MK~, http://indrus.in/articles/2012/12/25/wanted_an_ambassador_to_russia_21271.html** A tripod becomes unstable if one leg gives way. India’s foreign policy can be
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a strong pivotal relationship with Russia, Indian diplomacy becomes poorer, suboptimal. Russia-India relations key to prevent India-Pakistan war
Mahapatra, 12-24-12, A time-tested partnership," Russia %26 India Report,~Indian commentator with areas of interests include India-Russia relations, conflict and peace, and strategic aspects of Eurasian politics; Dr. Debidatta Aurobinda~, p. http://indrus.in/articles/2012/12/24/a_time-tested_partnership_21235.html-http://indrus.in/articles/2012/12/24/a_time-tested_partnership_21235.html** Russia may be interested to play a friendly role in developing trust between India and
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world, including Afghanistan and South Asia, a peaceful and stable place. US has already lost the free trade battle to China – market dominance exists now
Auslin, Resident Scholar at the American Enterprise Institute, August 15, 2011, ~Michael, "Build, Hold, and Clear: An American Strategy for Asia ," online: http://www.aei.org/print?pub=articleandpubId=103997andauthors=%3Ca%20href=scholar/127%3EMichael%20Auslin%3C/a%3E~~ SM The Indo-Pacific’s great economic dynamism makes it especially unfortunate that, under the
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to the growth of India, Vietnam, Indonesia, and other countries. Squo solves
Domenici, Former U.S. Senator and Bipartisan Policy Senior Fellow, and Miller, Ph.D, Former Department of energy Assistant September 2012 ~Senator Pete V., and Dr. Warren F. "Pete" "Maintaining U.S. ¶ Leadership in ¶ Global Nuclear ¶ Energy Markets," ¶ A Report of the Bipartisan ¶ Policy Center’s Nuclear Initiative, Energy and Infrastructure Program~ SM
COMMERCIAL NUCLEAR OPERATIONS ¶ As the world’s largest commercial nuclear operator and ¶ dominant weapons
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domestic nuclear energy activities ¶ could erode U.S. international standing. —- NO PROLIF – 5 reasons
Evans and Kawaguchi – co-chairs of the International Nuclear Non-Proliferation Disarmament Commission which includes 27 distinguished nuclear experts from around the globe – 12-16-09
~Gareth Evans, currently an Honorary Professorial Fellow at the University of Melbourne,
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NUCLEAR THREATS Report of the A Practical Agenda for Global Policymakers", online~ 3.18 It is important to keep all these concerns in perspective, and
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in later sections of this report as policy options are more specifically addressed. Doesn’t cause war
Waltz, 07 – Professor of Political Science at UC Berkeley (Kenneth, 3/22/07, "A Nuclear Iran", Journal of International Affairs, Lexis Nexis, KONTOPOULOS)
First, nuclear proliferation is not a problem because nuclear weapons have not proliferated.
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exception, over a period of more than fifty years. Pretty impressive. No solvency—Russian scientists won’t cooperate on nuclear energy—fear prosecution under treason law
Berls, 2012, The Future of U.S. Russia Relations: Beyond 2012, PANEL TWO
INTERESTS AND VALUES, November 28, ~Senior Advisor, Nuclear Materials Security Program and Director, Moscow Office; Robert~, p. http://carnegieendowment.org/files/112812_REBeyond2012_Panel_2_transcript.pdf**
There is some – right now, an ongoing negotiation between the Department of Energy
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, but it’s going to be a tough slug forward making that happen. Self-interest ensures Russian cooperation on terrorism and proliferation
Kramer %26 Shevtsova, 2-21-13, The American Interest, Here We Go Again: Falling for the Russian Trap ~former Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights and Labor, is president of Freedom House; senior fellow at the Carnegie Moscow Center; David; Lilia~, p. http://www.the-american-interest.com/article.cfm?piece=1391**
America, after all, remains focused on dealing with threats from Iran, North
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real problems in Russian-American relations and the actual situation in Russia. No solvency—Lack of agreement on BMD, conventional weapons and troops, and TNWs block further arms reductions by the US and Russia
Hahn, 2013, US and Russian Bilateral Agenda: Preventing a full meltdown in relations, March 5, ~Adjunct Professor and Researcher of Monterey Terrorism Research and Education Program %26 Senior Associate (Non-Resident) at the Center for Strategic and International Studies; Gordon~, p. http://www.bsr-russia.com/en/economy/item/3302-us-and-russian-bilateral-agenda-preventing-a-full-meltdown-in-relations.html**
The larger issue in U.S./Russia relations is nuclear arms and missile
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scale and tactical nuclear missiles in any talks on strategic intercontinental ballistic missiles. Plan causes US-Russia coop—enables reductions of 1000, beyond New START levels
Rybachenkov ’12 (A RUSSIAN PERSPECTIVE ON THE FUTURE OF ARMS CONTROL AND MUTUAL DETERRENCE1 Vladimir Rybachenkov2 1 Text of presentation at the Fourth Annual Nuclear Deterrence Summit, Arlington, VA, USA, February 14-17, 2012. 2 Senior Research Scientist, Center for Arms Control, Energy and Environment Studies
Though the Military doctrine of Russia and the US Nuclear Posture Review (both documents
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1000 deployed warheads but evidently this would require involvement of other nuclear states. New START didn’t lead to Russian TNW reductions—further reductions would
Miles Pomper, Center for Nonproliferation Studies Senior Research Associate, William Potter, Center for Nonproliferation Studies Director, and Professor, Nikolai Sokov, Center for Nonproliferation Studies Senior Research Associate, 12/4/2009, Breaking the U.S.-Russian deadlock on nonstrategic nuclear weapons,’ http://thebulletin.org/web-edition/op-eds/breaking-the-us-russian-deadlock-nonstrategic-nuclear-weapons
As U.S. and Russian negotiators hammer out a replacement to the 1991
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talks that is expected to commence after the START replacement treaty is ratified. Russia-China war is coming – Russian TNWs deter it
Saaradzhyan, Harvard Kennedy School’s Belfer Center Research Fellow, January 2010
Simon, "Russia’s NoN-stRategic NucleaR WeapoNs iN theiR cuRReNt coNfiguRatioN aNd postuRe: a stRategic asset oR liability?," http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/files/russian-position-NSNWs.pdf
Serving as a equalizer vis-a-vis China whose conventional forces in the
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that PRC is our potential enemy," Khramchikhin wrote of Skokov’s statement.39 No nuclear terrorism
—-no desire –—can’t obtain: states deterred, no "loose nukes", safeties check theft
—-technical and financial hurdles
Mueller ’9
~John, Department of Political Science, Ohio State University, "THE ATOMIC TERRORIST?", April 30, http://www.icnnd.org/research/Mueller_Terrorism.pdf~~
Thus far terrorist groups seem to have exhibited only limited desire and even less progress
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-effective and accompanied with only tolerable side effects, are generally desirable. 2NC Haynes ev concedes plan won’t come online until 2025 at best—-happens after the DA AND it says China is UNCERTAIN about HTGR
Haynes ’12 (Mark Haynes President, Concordia Power On Behalf Of The NGNP Industry Alliance Testimony On "Helium: Supply Shortages Impacting our Economy, National Defense and Manufacturing" July 20, 2012 Opportunity for U.S. Leadership in HTGR Technology Deployment Currently, Japan,
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facilities first. Either way, this export pathway seems unique to HTGRs. The elements of China’s nuclear policy now and the future excludes HTGR—-prefer it because it cites a Chinese white paper
WNA, 12 - World Nuclear Association (July 2012, "Nuclear Power in China", http://www.world-nuclear.org/info/inf63.html, KONTOPOULOS)
Reactor technology
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International cooperation is nevertheless encouraged. Specifically, decline magnifies existing impacts—this proves the DA turns the aff 1st
Miller, 08 – Journalist for Digital Journal (G. Robert M., 10/25/08, "Guns vs. Shovels – The Central Question Behind Our Next Economy", http://www.digitaljournal.com/article/261595-http://www.digitaljournal.com/article/261595, KONTOPOULOS)
But before we look at the modern ’Guns versus Butter’ model, it first
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the economy was considerably improved; this was true for many western nations. Most recent ev
Electricity prices at historic lows now – shale gas, utility actions prove
Reuters 3/6/13 "US utilities seen burning more coal as prices decline," http://www.miningweekly.com/article/us-utilities-seen-burning-more-coal-as-prices-decline-2013-03-06**
In 2012, the price of gas, which has historically been more expensive than
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equipment needed to keep the older coal plants compliant with stricter environmental rules. New nuclear reactors drive up electricity costs—studies predict a doubling or tripling of current electricity rates due to energy efficiency and building costs—that’s Cooper.
Nuclear power triples the cost that consumers pay
Madsen et al 2009 (Travis, Analyst @ Frontier Group and Maryland PIRG Foundation, Johanna Neumann @ Maryland PIRG Foundation, and Emily Rusch @ CalPIRG Education Fund, "The High Cost of Nuclear Power," http://www.nirs.org/nukerelapse/calvert/highcostnpower_mdpirg.pdf-http://www.nirs.org/nukerelapse/calvert/highcostnpower_mdpirg.pdf)**
Compounding the problem are the high cost estimates for new nuclear reactors. Some estimates
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reactors were cancelled, and billions of dollars in unnecessary investment were lost. Nuclear power displaces the low prices of natural gas—-causes spikes in consumers rate
Niemeyer 3/6/12 (Kyle, science writer for Ars Technica. He has B.S. and M.S. degrees in Aerospace Engineering from Case Western Reserve University, and is currently a Ph.D. candidate focusing on combustion modeling, "Chain reaction: the (slow) revival of US nuclear power," http://arstechnica.com/science/2012/03/chain-reaction-the-slow-revival-of-us-nuclear-power/)
Proponents for greater use of nuclear power often tout its low cost and zero emissions
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, oil, or natural gas, due to the massive upfront cost. U.S. key to world economy
U.S. key to the world economy—there’s no uniqueness for their defense—every major world economy from Europe to Japan to China are either slowing down or in recession, the U.S. is the determinant whether the global economy will enter a recession or not—that’s World Crunch.
World Crunch, 10-30-12, Facing The Fiscal Cliff, Obama Is Best Hope For Global Economy, p. http://www.worldcrunch.com/eyes-on-the-u.s./facing-the-fiscal-cliff-obama-is-best-hope-for-global-economy/us-elections-obama-romney-fiscal-cliff/c5s10001/~~%23.UJPZJWcsH-s**
The fiscal cliff would include both the expiration of the Bush tax cuts and the
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of a global depression, just as we nearly experienced four years ago. It’s a ripple effect—U.S. is key
Daily Yomiuri, 09 (1/3/09, "Global Economic Revival Hinges on U.S. Recovery", Lexis Nexis, KONTOPOULOS)
As if rolling down a steep hill, the global economy has deteriorated rapidly since
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be tested on whether he can revive the U.S. economy. Global econ not resilient
Kern, 3/27 - Chief Economist at the British Chambers of Commerce (David, 3/27/13, "Markets cannot defy the economic realities indefinitely", http://www.financialdirector.co.uk/financial-director/opinion/2253942/markets-cannot-defy-the-economic-realities-indefinitely, KONTOPOULOS)
THE UPBEAT MOOD of the financial markets, reinforced by strong US job figures,
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will squeeze businesses and individuals, and cause serious damage to the economy.
1NR Immigration reform generates an effective base of IT experts.
McLarty 2009 (Thomas F. III, President – McLarty Associates and Former White House Chief of Staff and Task Force Co-Chair, "U.S. Immigration Policy: Report of a CFR-Sponsored Independent Task Force", 7-8, http://www.cfr.org/ publication/19759/us_immigration_policy.html)
We have seen, when you look at the table of the top 20 firms
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going to strengthen, I think, our system, our security needs. That deters and solves the impact to cyberattacks
Saydjari 2008 (O. Sami, Cyber Defense Agency, LLC, "Structuring for Strategic Cyber Defense: A Cyber Manhattan Project Blueprint", 2008 Annual Computer Security Applications Conference, http://www.acsac.org/2008/program /keynotes/saydjari.pdf)
As a step toward a security research plan that includes such capabilities, we should
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infrastructures. Currently, adversaries can attack critical systems without investing substantial resources. Cyberterrorism will cause accidental launch that triggers the Dead Hand and nuclear war
Fritz 2009 (Jason, BS – St. Cloud, "Hacking Nuclear Command
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of mass DDoS attacks, real world protests, and accusations between governments. 2aC evidence says House GOP oppose but they are close to reaching a deal with Boehner’s backing
Afzali, 3-20-13, Newsmax, Momentum Builds Among Republicans for Immigration Reform, ~Cyrus~, p. http://www.newsmax.com/Newsfront/rubio-paul-immigration-reform/2013/03/20/id/495549**
Republican Sens. Rand Paul and Marco Rubio are among an emerging group of Republicans
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told Boehner for the first time last week that a deal was close. Immigration is the top agenda item and Obama is lobbying Congress for passage
Fifield, 3-20-13, Financial Times, Immigration: Pressure mounts on Obama to overhaul citizenship requirements, ~Anna~, p. http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/9235c2aa-8ad4-11e2-b1a4-00144feabdc0.html~~%23axzz2OUBxAATN**
With every attempt of the past decade ending in failure, is there any reason
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put back in the too-hard basket for a few more years. Obama political capital is key to forging a compromise
Kaplan, 3-21-13, National Journal, How the Tea Party Came Around on Immigration, ~Rebecca~, p. factiva
In the other chamber, Sen. Marco Rubio, R-Fla., has
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are at work, including the Obama administration’s efforts to reach a compromise. Yes vote switching—even due to unrelated legislation
Simes and Saunders ’10 – *publisher of the National Interest, Executive Director of The Nixon Center and Associate Publisher of The National Interest, served in the State Department from 2003 to 2005 ~12/23, Dimitri and Paul, National Interest, "START of a Pyrrhic Victory?", http://nationalinterest.org/commentary/start-pyrrhic-victory-4626, CMR~
Had the lame-duck session not already been so contentious, this need not
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and attempts to shift the blame for the low vote count onto Republicans. Default to contextual ev—Obana can’t win on energy
Eisler 12 "Science, Silver Buckshot, and ’All of The Above’" April 2, ~Researcher @ the Chemical Heritage Foundation; Matthew~, http://scienceprogress.org/2012/04/science-silver-buckshot-and-%E2%80%9Call-of-the-above%E2%80%9D/**
Conservatives take President Obama’s rhetoric at face value. Progressives see the president as disingenuous
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will probably mean four more years of inaction and increased resort to cant. Winners-win is empirically denied with Obama—each win eroded his political capital
Eberly, 1-21-13, Baltimore Sun, The presidential power trap ~Assistant Professor of Political Science and Public Policy, St. Mary’s College of Maryland; Todd~,p. http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2013-01-21/news/bs-ed-political-capital-20130121_1_political-system-party-support-public-opinion-http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2013-01-21/news/bs-ed-political-capital-20130121_1_political-system-party-support-public-opinion**
Barack Obama’s election in 2008 seemed to signal a change. Mr. Obama’s popular
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gains in the 2010 elections, which brought a return to divided government. Nuclear guarantees are unpopular with Republicans—they tried ending federal incentives earlier this year, top GOP leaders bashed the DOE, and they will paint the plan as a handout in times of deficit reduction—that’s CTL. Independently, CTL says the plan will be attacked by GOP deficit hawks—that kills the agenda
Blame shifting/partisanship, Capital, Leaks
The Hill, 7-11 – "Debt-ceiling talks hit brick wall as President Obama, GOP trade jabs," The Hill, http://thehill.com/homenews/administration/170841-debt-talks-hit-brick-wall-obama-gop-trade-jabs.
President Obama and GOP leaders traded accusations Monday over who was to blame as talks
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deficits be cut by a higher amount than the borrowing limit is raised. Government backing nuclear power requires political capital to restore confidence—prefer this over the link turn because it’s contextual to the plan’s solvency mechanism of using government action to promote confidence in the private sector
Rosenbaum, 2000, Public-Private Policy Partnerships, ed. by Pauline Vaillancourt Rosenau, ~Director Emeritus of the Bob Graham Center for Public Service and Professor Emeritus of Political Science at the University of Florida; Walter~, p. 65
The future domestic redevelopment of commercial nuclear power has been debated for the last decade
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the technology as it does upon proof of its technical or economic viability. Debates on expanding nuclear power will spark controversy—environmental lobbys hard against the plan
Ackley, 2008, Roll Call, June 9, "Nuclear Energy Poisons Legislative Environment" ~Kate~, p. http://www.rollcall.com/issues/53_148/-25723-1.html**
But many key environmental lobbyists say that tax subsidies for nuclear power could become a
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use it as a poison pill" to nuke any climate change measures. Promoting nuclear energy will drain political capital
Stagliano, 2001, A Policy of Discontent: The Making of a National Energy Strategy, ~former deputy assistant secretary for policy analysis in the DOE and Resources for the Future visitng scholar; Vito~, p. 79
Had the legislators queried the senior ranks of Bush’s White House, however, they
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say ’yes` ~to energy policy initiatives~ without political cost." |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: NDT | Round: 4 | Opponent: | Judge:
1NC – Topicality The aff must remove a restriction on energy production
Anell 89
Chairman, WTO panel
"To examine, in the light of the relevant GATT provisions, the matter referred to the
CONTRACTING PARTIES by the United States in document L/6445 and to make such
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PARTIES on 5 December 1989 (L/6568 - 36S/68)
http://www.wto.org/english/tratop_e/dispu_e/88icecrm.pdf
The United States argued that Canada had failed to demonstrate that it effectively restricted domestic
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to what the situation would be in the absence of all government measures. Violation: the plan removes restrictions for titles to Native lands---not on energy production---their Unger and Green ev proves. That’s bad and a voting issue---overstretches our research burden, skews ground to the aff, and makes being neg impossible. |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: NDT | Round: 4 | Opponent: | Judge:
1nC Politics – Immigration CIR will pass —Momentum, Obama’s pushing and the Senate and House are close to a deal
Mali, 3-25-13, The Hill, Obama to host new citizens, push for action on immigration reform, Meghashyam, p. http://thehill.com/blogs/blog-briefing-room/news/290053-obama-to-host-new-citizens-press-congress-on-immigration-reform
President Obama will host a naturalization ceremony on Monday for 28 new citizens, including
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the United States as children to remain in the country and avoid deportation. Political capital is key---Obama’s leading negotiations with the GOP
AFP 2-19-13, “Obama courts key Republicans on immigration reform,” 2013, Factiva
US President Barack Obama on Tuesday called key Senate Republicans, with whom he is
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certified as secure.¶ Obama has so far declined to make that linkage. Republicans oppose expanding self-determination
Cornell and Kalt, 2010, American Indian Self-Determination: The Political Economy of a Policy that Works, November, HKS Faculty Research Working Paper Series University of Arizona; Harvard Kennedy School; Stephen; Joseph, p. 27
As we look to the future, there are signs of instability in the support
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S. Congress will signal an end to policies of self-determination. CIR is key to US hegemony
Nye, 2012, “Immigration and American Power,” December 10, Project Syndicate, a former US assistant secretary of defense and chairman of the US National Intelligence Council, is University Professor at Harvard University; Joseph, p.http://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/obama-needs-immigration-reform-to-maintain-america-s-strength-by-joseph-s~-~-nye
CAMBRIDGE – The United States is a nation of immigrants. Except for a small
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long way toward fulfilling his promise to maintain the strength of the US. Decline of US hegemony risks great power wars and trade wars
Zhang and Shi, 2011, East Asia Forum, America’s decline: A harbinger of conflict and rivalry, January 22, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace,Yuhan; Columbia University, Lin, p. http://www.eastasiaforum.org/2011/01/22/americas-decline-a-harbinger-of-conflict-and-rivalry/ (accessed: 9-6-2011)
Over the past two decades, no other state has had the ability to seriously
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forecast in a future that will inevitably be devoid of unrivalled US primacy. |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: NDT | Round: 4 | Opponent: | Judge:
1NC---NEPA DA Affirmative plan guts NEPA review—TERAs require NEPA review now
Lite and Ochoa, 2008, Requirements for Tribal Energy Resource Agreements Are Finalized By BIA, Jeremy; Luis, p. http://www.martindale.com/indians-native-populations-law/article_Quarles-Brady-LLP_415558.htmtttjjjj
The process for applying for a TERA is lengthy and complex, and approval of
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, according to BIA, actually "goes beyond the requirements of NEPA."
Weakening NEPA will undermine US environmental leadership and support for NEPA abroad
Schiffer 2004, Duke Environmental Law and Policy Forum, vol. 14, 325, Spring, 2004, partner at Baach Robinson and Lewis PLLC in Washington, D.C., was Assistant Attorney General for the Environment and Natural Resources Division at the U.S. Department of Justice from 1994-2001, adjunct professor of environmental law at Georgetown University Law Center, and for Spring 2004 was a Lecturer for an environmental policy course at Harvard Law School; Lois, p.
So what is happening to NEPA as middle age wears on? This article will
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backed by a strong body, as a role model throughout the world. US environmental leadership checks extinction by solving warming, biodiversity, oceans, soil, and the atmosphere
Khosla, 2009, “A new President for the United States: We have a dream” , January 27, International Union for Conservation of Nature President; Khosla, p. http://www.iucn.org/news_homepage/news_by_date/2009_news/january_2009/?2595/new-President-for-the-United-States-We-have-a-dream
A rejuvenated America, with a renewed purpose, commitment and energy to make its
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of pollutants from our wasteful industries, construction, agriculture and transport systems. |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: NDT | Round: 4 | Opponent: | Judge:
1NC---Solvency Deregulating TERAs allows corporate exploitation of indigenous peoples—worse for sovereignty
Reese, 2003, “Plains tribe harnesses the wind,” reporter – High Country News (Colorado) and Energy and Environment, April, p. http://www.hcn.org/issues/255/14139
The legislation would also waive Interior’s trust responsibility to the tribes in energy dealings.
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laying out requirements that tribes would have to follow when conducting environmental reviews. Corporate exploitation of renewable energy is inevitable---turns the affirmative, recreating neo-colonial structures
Mills 11 (Andrew D, Energy and Resources Group at UC Berkeley, Wind Energy in Indian Country: Turning to Wind for the Seventh Generation,")
Broadly, the idea of dependency is summarized in the common phrase “the development
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on their land, wind development is still subject to the dependency critique. The trust doctrine is not colonialism---key to preventing exploitation of indigenous peoples
Clinton, 1993, 46 Ark. L. Rev. 77, Redressing the Legacy of Conquest:
A Vision Quest for a Decolonized Federal Indian Law, former Iowa law professor; Robert, p. 133-4
Given the chameleon-like nature of and complex roles played by the federal
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Indian affairs, should escape the scalpel of decolonization of federal Indian law. Reducing federal oversight does not solve—lack of federal tax incentives and unfavorable case law governing tribal civil jurisdiction block renewable energy development
Sullivan 10—J.D. Candidate, University of Arizona James E. Rogers College of Law (Bethany, CHANGING WINDS: RECONFIGURING THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR RENEWABLE-ENERGY DEVELOPMENT IN INDIAN COUNTRY, http://www.tribesandclimatechange.org/docs/tribes_25.pdf)
Unfortunately, the IEED's TERA program has produced unsatisfactory results. Not a single tribe
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energy industry and (2) unfavorable case law concerning tribal civil jurisdiction. Can’t solve self-determination without allowing indigenous peoples exclusive power to tax
Hall, 2012, Hearing on S. 1684, Indian Tribal Energy and Self-Determination Act Amendments, April 19, Chairman, Mandan, Hidatsa and Arikara Nation of the Fort Berthold Reservation; Tex, p. http://www.indian.senate.gov/hearings/upload/Tex-Hall-testimony041912.pdf
Fourth, as described above, S. 1684 should affirm that tribes have exclusive
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. This authority is essential for tribal governments to exercise self-determination. No solvency unless funding is provided
Cuch, 2012, Hearing on S. 1684, Indian Tribal Energy and Self-Determination Act Amendments, April 19, Chairwoman, Ute Tribal Business Committee; Irene, p. http://www.indian.senate.gov/hearings/upload/Irene-Cuch-Testimony041912.pdf
The Tribe also strongly supports changes proposed in Section 103 that would require the Secretary
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for , any new opportunity for funding energy activities is a significant change. No solvency—Lack of federal loan guarantees inhibits energy projects
Cuch, 2012, Hearing on S. 1684, Indian Tribal Energy and Self-Determination Act Amendments, April 19, Chairwoman, Ute Tribal Business Committee; Irene, p. http://www.indian.senate.gov/hearings/upload/Irene-Cuch-Testimony041912.pdf
17) Indian Tribal Energy Loan Guarantee Program. Problem: Despite the success of
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was established, then appropriations were provided by Congress to fund the program. No solvency—lack of federal tax credits inhibits renewable energy
Cuch, 2012, Hearing on S. 1684, Indian Tribal Energy and Self-Determination Act Amendments, April 19, Chairwoman, Ute Tribal Business Committee; Irene, p. http://www.indian.senate.gov/hearings/upload/Irene-Cuch-Testimony041912.pdf
23)Renewable Energy Production Tax Credit Transferability Problem: The economic viability of renewable
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other benefits from their partner for their share of the renewable energy produced. No solvency—lack of DOE support for energy projects
Cuch, 2012, Hearing on S. 1684, Indian Tribal Energy and Self-Determination Act Amendments, April 19, Chairwoman, Ute Tribal Business Committee; Irene, p. http://www.indian.senate.gov/hearings/upload/Irene-Cuch-Testimony041912.pdf
The Tribe also asks that Committee not overlook the important role DOE could be playing
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, energy efficiency, weatherization assistance, and renewable energy research and development. Self-determination doesn’t build accountability—they take cash instead
Wood 95
Mary Christina Wood, Oregon Law Professor, 1995, Utah L. Rev. 109, Lexis
Some have persuasively argued that many modern Indian development schemes are designed to enrich non
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than stifle, tribal economies in light of the troubling context described above. 1NC--- Advantage Status quo solves---tons of federal policies and resources are used to spur Indigenous renewable energy development now
LeBeau, 12
(Senate Indian Affairs Committee Hearing, "Energy Development in Indian Country." 2/16, Director of the Office of Indian Energy Policy and Programs at DOE, Lexis)
To accomplish these goals, Title V of the Energy Policy Act of 2005 ("
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Energy Program. Below are important lessons learned we would like to highlight:
Conditions for Indigenous persons improving—Obama has committed significant funding for the economy and health care
Vitale, 10/24
(Freelance Columnist focusing on Native American Issues, “Obama has worked for Native Americans,” http://theonefeather.com/2012/10/obama-has-worked-for-native-americans/)
Native Americans have had few friends in the White House, but in recent history
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has appointed a Native American as Senior Policy Advisor for Native American Affairs. Neither do they—they are an INSTANCE of self-D, they don’t create complete self-determination
Bradford, 2005, Beyond Reparations: An American Indian Theory of Justice, OHIO STATE LAW JOURNAL, VOLUME 66, NUMBER 1, 2005, Chiricahua Apache and Associate Professor of Law, Indiana University School of Law; William, Lexis Law Reviews
Although Indian tribes are separate sovereigns in retention of all rights and powers not explicitly
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broadened, aggrieved Indian beneficiaries still lack effective legal recourse for its breach. The logic of their solvency deficits is wrong—they don’t remove multiple obstacles to siting
Royster, 2008, 12 Lewis and Clark L. Rev. 1065, Co-Director – Native American Law Center @ University of Tulsa; Judith, p. 1082-3
The first concern is the limitation on the resources to which ITEDSA applies. Enacted
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ensure that tribes could address all their mineral resources in the same manner. Aff doesn’t solve self-determination
Porter,1998, 31 U. Mich. J.L. Reform 899, Director – Tribal Law and Government Center @ U Kansas; Robert, p.
Nevertheless, no matter how much responsibility we assume for the redevelopment of our sovereignty
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continue to erode, and with it, the existence of our nations. a) Solar industry expansion will lead to massive export of waste to developing countries
Craig, 2012, Recycling Solar Panels A Big Money Maker?, January 12, M.S. in International Development from Tulane University, and is co-founder of Sustainable Systems Integrators; Lauren, p. http://www.earthtechling.com/2012/01/recycling-solar-panels-a-big-money-maker/
As the industry continues to grow over the coming decades, and today’s solar modules
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, where it is processed with little consideration for human or environmental health.
b) Poor developing countries and Native American lands will be targeted—contaminating their environment
Hull, 2010, DUKE ENVIRONMENTAL LAW and POLICY FORUM, vol. 21, Visiting Assistant Professor, Barry University School of Law; Eric, p. 35
The exportation of electronic waste to developing countries represents an extension of the forms of
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The impact can be catastrophic, particularly for subsistence farmers and agrarian economies. Turn - a) Landfill disposal of solar waste will leach Cadmium—contaminating water and food supplies
Coyle, 2011, Golden Gate University Environmental Law Journal, THE NOT-SO-GREEN RENEWABLE ENERGY, vol. 4, Genevieve, p. 338
However, if PV products are disposed of on or in land, they can
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materials in landfills, the threat of leachate migration should be taken seriously.
b) Low level exposure of Cadmium causes genetic mutations and endocrine disruption
Environment News Service, 2003, June 9, p. http://ens-newswire.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/2003-06-09-10.html
Cadmium, a naturally occurring metal found in food, water and cigarette smoke,
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a similar mechanism to the one found in the study of yeast cells. C) Endoctrine disruption leads to human extinction
Colborn, et al., 1997, Our Stolen Future: Are We Threatening Our Fertility, Intelligence, and Survival?, PhD in Zoology and senior scientist at the World Wildlife Fund; Theo, p.
For a long time now we have been aware that the toxic chemicals which pervade
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of an entire species - perhaps in the long run, even humans. 1NC—Decision Calculus Evaluate consequences---allowing violence for the sake of moral purity is evil
Isaac, 02 (Jeffrey C., Professor of Political Science – Indiana-Bloomington, Director – Center for the Study of Democracy and Public Life, Ph.D. – Yale, Dissent Magazine, 49(2), “Ends, Means, and Politics”, Spring, Proquest)
As writers such as Niccolo Machiavelli, Max Weber, Reinhold Niebuhr, and Hannah
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not true believers. It promotes arrogance. And it undermines political effectiveness. war is at its lowest level in history because of U.S. hegemony—best statistical studies prove heg solves war because it makes democratic peace resilient and globalization sustainable—these are the deeper cause of proximate checks against war
Owen 11 - Professor of Politics at University of Virginia and PhD from Harvard (John M., 2/11/11, "DON’T DISCOUNT HEGEMONY", http://www.cato-unbound.org/2011/02/11/john-owen/dont-discount-hegemony/, KONTOPOULOS)
Andrew Mack and his colleagues at the Human Security Report Project are to be congratulated
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U.S. material and moral support for liberal democracy remains strong. The ballot should prefer the advocacy that avoids the fastest and most probable internal link to extinction
Bostrom Prof at Oxford, 02
Nick Bostrom, PhD and Professor at Oxford University, March, 2002 Journal of Evolution and Technology, vol 9 http://www.nickbostrom.com/existential/risks.html
Previous sections have argued that the combined probability of the existential risks is very substantial
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just might be a tomorrow, especially if we play our cards right. Multiple statistical measures prove a trend towards equality---this isn’t to say that everything is OK, but that falsifiable claims matter for assessing impacts AND that engagement can be effective
Currie, 08 http://www.american.com/archive/2008/november-11-08/the-long-march-of-racial-progress/ Duncan Currie is managing editor of THE AMERICAN. Speechwriter and Policy Advisor in U.S. Senate Washington D.C. Metro Area | Government Administration Current: Speechwriter and Policy Advisor, Office of Senator John Cornyn at United States Senate Past: Editorial Director at The George W. Bush Institute, Deputy Managing Editor at National Review, Managing Editor at The American Enterprise Institu... Education: Harvard University
Measuring racial progress is all about perspective. Since Appomattox, the struggle for racial
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, about 14 percent of young black husbands were married to white women.” |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: NDT | Round: 4 | Opponent: | Judge:
Decision Calculus Images of catastrophe cause an empathic shift---this is crucial in policy debate
Recuber 11 Timothy Recuber is a doctoral candidate in sociology at the Graduate Center of the City. University of New York. He has taught at Hunter College in Manhattan "CONSUMING CATASTROPHE: AUTHENTICITY AND EMOTION IN MASS-MEDIATED DISASTER" gradworks.umi.com/3477831.pdf Perhaps, then, what distant consumers express when they sit glued to the television
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and compassion that is woefully unfulfilled by American life under normal conditions today.
In the end, the consumption of disaster doesn’t make us unable or unwilling
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we must advocate on a daily basis, not only when disaster strikes. Solvency 2NC---Overview Corporate exploitation of renewables are inevitable---it's only a question of whether the federal
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peoples by powerful private economic actors---that’s Reese, Mills, Clinton. Indigenous persons require private investors to provide capital for constructing wind plants
Masterson, 2010, American Indian Law Review, vol. 34, WIND-ENERGY VENTURES IN INDIAN COUNTRY: FASHIONING A FUNCTIONAL PARADIGM, Third-year student, University of Oklahoma College of Law; Crystal, p. 330-31
The typical cost of installing one megawatt of turbine capacity requires approximately $2 million
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tribes desiring more managerial control than financing sponsors might be willing to allow. Indigenous persons lack expertise to pursue renewable energy—private partners are vital
Sullivan, 2010, Arizona Law Review, vol. 52, CHANGING WINDS: RECONFIGURING THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR RENEWABLE-ENERGY DEVELOPMENT IN INDIAN COUNTRY, J.D. Candidate, University of Arizona; Bethany, p. 832-33
While some tribes are fortunate enough to have investment capital readily available, most tribes are not capable of financing large-scale renewable-energy projects on their own. Furthermore, most tribes do not have the requisite expertise and experience in the field of renewable energy to complete these projects independently. For these reasons, it is imperative for tribes to have the ability to form mutually beneficial partnerships with outside business interests. Lack of capacity ensures no accountability
Sislin, 2010, Sovereignty versus stewardship, April 28, Esq., Advocacy Director for Women's Earth Alliance http://www.hcn.org/hcn/greenjustice/blog/sovereignty-versus-stewardship
Last month, Sen. Byron Dorgan (D-N.D.) released
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economies – may rush to approve environmentally-harmful projects on tribal lands. Using renewable energy as a front for economic sovereignty merely opens the land to further exploitation big business, turning the case
Lindgren, 2006, “Native Power Struggles”, Utne Reader, 11/16/06, Suzanne, p. http://www.utne.com/2006-11-01/NativePowerStruggles.aspx
None of us seem to know where our energy fix will come from after the
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mostly at government expense - and leave us with bones and hooves.'' AT: Unger/Royster-No Link—plan empowers choice ‘Choice’ favors corporations—resource disparities and empirics
Getzan, 2004, The New Standard, 1/18, Energy Act Provision May Offer ‘False Sovereignty,’ Contributing Journalist, http://newstandardnews.net/content/?action=show_itemanditemid=110
A controversial provision of the Energy Policy Act of 2003 has Native American activists worried
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the rights of indigenous people. It is a form of environmental racism.” AT: Trust Doctrine Bad (Cornell and Kalt) The Counterplan maintains sovereignty that’s the trust doctrine argument above. If we win a risk of the net benefit it outweighs----corporate exploitation undermines successful articulation of tribal sovereignty that’s Mills. Risk is higher in the world of the plan---there is no legal barrier to coercive forces whereas the counterplan maintains statutory distinction between authorities. Trust doctrine and the federal relationship is good in the context of the environment
1.Avoids assimilation 4. Enables increased government expertise.
2. Helps nation members. 5. Solves environmental harms that threaten Indians.
3. Causes economic self-sufficiency
DuBey, '88 (Attorney -- DuBey Law Firm, 18 Envtl. L. 449)
The tribal interests favoring precluding state hazardous waste regulation in Indian country are presented throughout
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the reservation population's health and welfare and the quality of the reservation environment. 2NC---Double Taxation Go to the double taxation arguments---group it---several distinctions--- First, reducing oversight isn’t sufficient---lack of federal tax incentives and unfavorable case laws governing tribal civil jurisdiction block renewable development---that’s Sullivan. Second is a meta arg---lack of tax power for indigenous peoples undermines self-determination---they won’t be able to keep up with the burdens imposed by energy development---that’s Hall. No solvency unless double taxation is eliminated
Cuch, 2012, Hearing on S. 1684, Indian Tribal Energy and Self-Determination Act Amendments, April 19, Chairwoman, Ute Tribal Business Committee; Irene, p. http://www.indian.senate.gov/hearings/upload/Irene-Cuch-Testimony041912.pdf
In addition to any federal funding may become available, tribal self-determination in the area of energy development would be better advanced if Congress affirmed tribes’ exclusive authority to tax activities on Indian lands. Managing the permitting of energy resources, not to mention the infrastructure needs, is an expensive undertaking for any government. Tribes need the same revenues that other governments rely on to oversee and provide the needed infrastructure for energy development. No solvency—Double and triple taxation deters energy projects
Cuch, 2012, Hearing on S. 1684, Indian Tribal Energy and Self-Determination Act Amendments, April 19, Chairwoman, Ute Tribal Business Committee; Irene, p. http://www.indian.senate.gov/hearings/upload/Irene-Cuch-Testimony041912.pdf
16)Need for Tax Revenues Problem: In addition to taxes levied by Indian
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the extent needed to cover any impacts from the project on that government’s infrastructure No solvency--Double taxation over wind and solar businesses undermines sovereignty
Sullivan, 2010, Arizona Law Review, vol. 52, CHANGING WINDS: RECONFIGURING THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR RENEWABLE-ENERGY DEVELOPMENT IN INDIAN COUNTRY, J.D. Candidate, University of Arizona; Bethany, p. 838-9
Perhaps even more problematic than this legal uncertainty is Supreme Court case law that grants
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to demonstrate the pre-emptive force of federal and tribal interests."' Renewable energy project will be subject to double taxation—by the states and the Native Americans
Hamilton, 2012, Connecticut Law Review, FINDING NEW POWER IN THE WIND, THE EARTH, AND THE SUN, vol. 44, UConn., JD candidate, 2012; Jessica, p. 1411-12
While an independent developer leasing land on a Tribal Reservation will be able to take
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avoid or minimize the risk and impact of double state-tribal tax." Double taxation deters business investment in renewable energy and/or forces Indigenous persons to collect less revenue and profits
Sullivan, 2010, Arizona Law Review, vol. 52, CHANGING WINDS: RECONFIGURING THE LEGAL FRAMEWORK FOR RENEWABLE-ENERGY DEVELOPMENT IN INDIAN COUNTRY, J.D. Candidate, University of Arizona; Bethany, p. 839-40
The consequences of double taxation in tribal renewable-energy development are multifold. The
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purported goals of the Indian Tribal Energy Development and Self-Determination Act. Double taxation violates sovereignty
Taylor, 2008, Marquette Law Review, THE UNENDING ONSLAUGHT ON
TRIBAL SOVEREIGNTY: STATE INCOME TAXATION OF NON-MEMBER INDIANSProfessor of Law, University of St. Thomas School of Law; Scott, p. 976-77
Finally, the Court should concede that allowing state taxation of non-member Indians
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has never authorized it and because it would enhance tribal self-government. Removing federal and state taxation boundaries is key to generating revenue and protecting Indigenous sovereignty
EagleWoman 8
(Associate Professor of Law and James E. Rogers Fellow in American Indian Law at the University of Idaho College of Law, “Tribal Values of Taxation within the Tribalist Economic Theory”, Indigenous Nations Journal, Vol. 6, No. 1)
In conclusion, the concept of taxation fits within the values of Tribal Nations as
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to flourish and represent an oasis to the newcomers from Europe and elsewhere. 2NC---Funding Key Funding kills solvency---lack of funding undermines ability of indigenous persons to finance renewable projects---this is especially true in the context of loan guarantee programs---indigenous persons need loan guarantees or else any risk of power failure will cause massive capital loss---that’s Cuch. No solvency—TERA will fail without funding
Cuch, 2012, Hearing on S. 1684, Indian Tribal Energy and Self-Determination Act Amendments, April 19, Chairwoman, Ute Tribal Business Committee; Irene, p. http://www.indian.senate.gov/hearings/upload/Irene-Cuch-Testimony041912.pdf
13) Tribal Energy Resource Agreements Problem: The Tribal Energy Resource Agreement (TERA
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and funding is needed to support tribal activities conducted pursuant to a TERA. |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: NDT | Round: 4 | Opponent: | Judge:
2NC---Turns Structural Violence 2NC---Key to Heg CIR prevents decline in heg---three internals---first---economic power---immigrants prevent demographic decline from aging population, increases number of patents and creates sustainable growth---second---soft power---immigrant upward mobility makes the U.S. attractive---third---hard power---immigrants innovate tech that sustains primacy---that’s Nye---evaluate magnitude of internals through lens of qualifications---key to judge accuracy of implications---Nye is a prof at Harvard. war is at its lowest level in history because of U.S. hegemony—best statistical studies prove heg solves war because it makes democratic peace resilient and globalization sustainable—these are the deeper cause of proximate checks against war – none of your impact indicts are assumptive of a complete collapse of US hegemony – hegemony is the reason conflict never escalates
Owen 11 The DA turns structural violence
Goldstein, 01 PROF OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS @ AMERICAN UNIV (JOSHUA, WAR AND GENDER, P. 412)
First, peace activists face a dilemma in thinking about causes of war and working
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on injustice as the main cause of war seems to be empirically inadequate. The anti-immigrant sentiment over the economy culminates in ethnic violence that mirrors the logic of the Nazis Kohn 9 Sally Kohn, Senior strategist with the Center for Community Change, “The Bloody Truth Behind Anti-Immigrant Rhetoric”, The Huffington Post, June 16, 2009, p. http://www.huffingtonpost.com/sally-kohn/the-bloody-truth-behind-a_b_216488.html A week after a white supremacist attacked the Holocaust Museum in Washington, DC,
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for an anti-immigrant bloodbath. On which side will you stand? 2NC---UQ CIR will pass---momentum from support from leaders in both parties and Obama’s push for Senate-House deal---that’s Mali. Key distinction for UQ---momentum assumes current obstructions to passage. Lens for UQ---who supports the bill---determines which side Congressional members take. Experts predict CIR passage before August
Sheets, 3-22-13, International Business Times, Immigration Reform Bill Suddenly Close: What Made Republicans Change Their Minds?, Connor Adams, p. http://www.ibtimes.com/immigration-reform-bill-suddenly-close-what-made-republicans-change-their-minds-1145763#
When President Barack Obama called on Congress to send him an immigration bill “in
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and a consensus about what to include in the bill is taking shape.
AT: Guest Worker Dispute Talks back on track—deal will be reached
Brown, 3-27-13, Politico, Immigration talks back on track, union says Carrie Budoff, p. http://www.politico.com/story/2013/03/immigration-talks-back-on-track-union-says-89398.html
Talks on a new visa program for low-skilled workers are “back on
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“continue to talk and we remain hopeful a deal will be reached.” Guest worker dispute won’t derail immigration
Llorente, 3-27-13, Fox News Latino, Elizabeth, p. http://latino.foxnews.com/latino/politics/2013/03/27/union-and-business-group-argue-over-guest-workers-key-part-immigration-reform/
“It’s one of the big issues right now,” said Naomi Tsu
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Republicans need it, the president is committed to it," she said. 2NC---PC Key PC key to immigration---necessary to bridge the differences among house and senate bills AND---Obama leads negotiations with GOP---absent him they won’t get on board---that’s AFP and Mali. Obama political capital is key to forging a compromise
Kaplan, 3-21-13, National Journal, How the Tea Party Came Around on Immigration, Rebecca, p. factiva
In the other chamber, Sen. Marco Rubio, R-Fla., has
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are at work, including the Obama administration’s efforts to reach a compromise. Obama is key to keeping Democrats on board due to dissatisfaction with guest-worker provisions
Davis and Hunter, 3-22-13, Bloomberg, Guest-Worker Visas Sticking Point on Immigration Rewrite, Hirschfield Julie; Kathleen, p. http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-03-21/guest-worker-visas-sticking-point-on-immigration-rewrite.html
Former Pennsylvania Governor Ed Rendell, a Democrat co- chairing an immigration task force
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labor, but in the end you can’t always get what you want.” PC key – bridges perception differences
South Chicagoan 2-21 (Will Obama be trashed for cooperation?, Lexis)
So will the Republican leadership now demonize the president for trying to go around their
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we do, the quicker we will reach the long-term solution. Yes vote switching—even due to unrelated legislation
Simes and Saunders ‘10 – *publisher of the National Interest, Executive Director of The Nixon Center and Associate Publisher of The National Interest, served in the State Department from 2003 to 2005 12/23, Dimitri and Paul, National Interest, “START of a Pyrrhic Victory?”, http://nationalinterest.org/commentary/start-pyrrhic-victory-4626, CMR
Had the lame-duck session not already been so contentious, this need not
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and attempts to shift the blame for the low vote count onto Republicans. Our studies are better
- president is key
- polarization ideology
- PC K vote-buying
- studies confirm PC theory
- direct correlation w/agenda
Beckman and McGann ‘8 – *Assistant Professor of Political Science at the University of California, Irvine, Associate Professor of Political Science at the University of California, Irvine and Reader in Government at the University of Essex (Matthew N. Beckmann and Anthony J. McGann, Journal of Theoretical Politics, “Navigating the Legislative Divide: Polarization, Presidents, and Policymaking in the United States”)
A second question focuses on presidents’ role in polarized politics. Even as empiricists have
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member increases, thereby granting presidents a positive role in the policymaking process. 2NC---Top Shelf Non-responsive—even if other issues are on the agenda, immigration is on top, and there’s no evidence Obama will invest capital on their bill—that’s Mali. Immigration is the top agenda item and Obama is lobbying Congress for passage
Fifield, 3-20-13, Financial Times, Immigration: Pressure mounts on Obama to overhaul citizenship requirements, Anna, p. http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/9235c2aa-8ad4-11e2-b1a4-00144feabdc0.html#axzz2OUBxAATN
With every attempt of the past decade ending in failure, is there any reason
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put back in the too-hard basket for a few more years. Framing issue---other issues won’t cost PC until they’re at the finish line
Drum, 10 (Kevin, Political Blogger, Mother Jones, http://motherjones.com/kevin-drum/2010/03/immigration-coming-back-burner)
Not to pick on Ezra or anything, but this attitude betrays a surprisingly common
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forefront of people's minds." Maybe not. But they will be soon. AT: Budget Fights Congress will pivot toward immigration when they return from the spring recess
Favole, 3-25-13, Dow Jones News Service, Obama Pushes Immigration Overhaul at Naturalization Ceremony Jared, pfactiva
President Barack Obama said he expects Congress to begin debating ways to overhaul the immigration
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the estimated 11 million people now in the U.S. illegally. AT: Gun Control Obama will not spend PC pushing gun bills—he’s saving PC for immigration
Barrett, 3-20-13, Bloomberg Business Week, Five Hard Realities for Gun-Control Proponents Paul, p. http://www.businessweek.com/articles/2013-03-20/five-hard-realities-for-gun-control-proponents
President Barack Obama isn’t serious about pushing gun control. Yes, he has given
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is that he’s keeping his social-reform powder dry for immigration reform. Obama is saving PC for immigration—won’t spend it pushing for gun control
Cillizza, 3-22-13, Newtown didn’t change the politics of guns, Washington Post; Chris, p. http://www.washingtonpost.com/blogs/the-fix/wp/2013/03/22/newtown-didnt-change-the-politics-of-guns/
And, the White House, perhaps sensing that it would need to spend its
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your Administration behind convincing wavering Members of your party to vote for it.) AT: Intrinsic (Short) - They say intrinsicness – that’s a voting issue –
a. Moving target – the aff gets infinite prep – allowing revisions is unfair
b. Ground – most disads can be resolved through US action – there’s no logical limit
2. Counter-interp – they get topical intrinsicness arguments – that provides the best middle ground while maintaining a resolutional focus 3. It IS intrinsic – that’s proven by our 1nc link evidence AT: Winners Win Default to contextual ev—Obana can’t win on energy
Eisler 12 “Science, Silver Buckshot, and ‘All of The Above’” April 2, Researcher @ the Chemical Heritage Foundation; Matthew, http://scienceprogress.org/2012/04/science-silver-buckshot-and-%E2%80%9Call-of-the-above%E2%80%9D/
Conservatives take President Obama’s rhetoric at face value. Progressives see the president as disingenuous
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will probably mean four more years of inaction and increased resort to cant. Winners-win is empirically denied with Obama—each win eroded his political capital
Eberly, 1-21-13, Baltimore Sun, The presidential power trap Assistant Professor of Political Science and Public Policy, St. Mary’s College of Maryland; Todd,p. http://articles.baltimoresun.com/2013-01-21/news/bs-ed-political-capital-20130121_1_political-system-party-support-public-opinion
Barack Obama's election in 2008 seemed to signal a change. Mr. Obama's popular
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gains in the 2010 elections, which brought a return to divided government. The link only goes one way—capital is finite and *wins* don’t spillover—defer to empirics
Harwood, ’11 – John, “Obama Can't Depend On New Poll Numbers,” The Caucus Blog – NYT, 5-8, Lexis.
Recent history suggests two truths about the "political capital" that presidents reap from
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fight against Al Qaeda, said the presidential scholar Charles O. Jones. Illogical—if winners win were true, Bush wouldn’t have lost after his first win Legislative success depletes capital – doesn’t increase it
Purdum 10—Todd S. Purdum 10 is a correspondent in the Washington bureau of The New York Times "Obama Is Suffering Because of His Achievements, Not Despite Them" 12/20 www.vanityfair.com/online/daily/2010/12/obama-is-suffering-because-of-his-achievements-not-despite-them.html
With this weekend’s decisive Senate repeal of the military’s “Don’t Ask, Don’t Tell
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has remained outspokenly critical of business as usual by both parties in Washington). Our link assumes this—previous, calculated wins will allow Obama to compromise on Fiscal Cliff now, but missteps like the plan drain capital
The Hill 9 “Analysis: July has been disaster for Obama, Hill Dems,” 7-27, http://thehill.com/leading-the-news/analysis-july-has-been-disaster-for-obama-hill-dems-2009-07-27.html.
Despite a number of former Democratic members and aides working in the Obama administration,
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"broker," spending his political capital but not always to his benefit. Obama can’t control the spin – the plan creates rising expectations he’ll fail to meet
Ornstein 9 Norm is a politics guru and Political Analyst, American Enterprise Institute. Mara Liasson is an analyst at National Public Radio (NPR). NPR – Morning Edition, 5-1, Lexis.
Mr. NORM ORNSTEIN (Political Analyst, American Enterprise Institute): Let's face it
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changing how Washington works, President Obama gives himself a grade of incomplete. Political capital is finite – focus is key
Francis, 10 – a Washington, DC-based public affairs and political consultant. He once served as chief of staff to then Representative Norman Y. Mineta (D-CA) and as Deputy Assistant and Deputy White House Chief of Staff to President Jimmy Carter (12/16/10, Les, “Top Dem: White House Needs Fresh Blood,” http://www.frumforum.com/top-dem-white-house-needs-fresh-blood)
Next, the President and his advisers should wake up to an underappreciated reality:
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presidential agenda. So narrow it. And focus, focus, focus! AT: Fiat Solves Link They say fiat takes out the link – we should assume the plan passes with the least necessary change from the status quo – that’s best because it allows us to consider relevant political consequences Obama takes the lead on policy—congress defers
Hamilton, 11- Lee is director of the Center on Congress at Indiana University, “Lee Hamilton: Congress cannot lead by avoiding tough decisions”, 8-30-11, http://www.thetimesherald.com/article/20110830/OPINION02/108300312, CMR
If you paid attention to the end game of the debt-ceiling negotiations,
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saved from its inability to govern by being cut out of the process." Counter-interpretation – we should assume passes but the process should involve the least necessary change from the status quo - Not real world – unanimous resolutions are rare to non-existent when it comes to controversial policies like the plan – if a theory interpretation isn’t real world, it’s neither predicable nor researchable
2. Kills ground – allows the aff to disregard a whole disad that is key to topic literature because the political ramifications of the resolution must be considered to gauge its desirability 3. This is a voting issue – they have to defend their ability to make a no risk argument that skews the block because we can instantly lose on it AT: Vote No They say vote no – Our interpretation is if the judge votes neg, the plan was never introduced – that’s key to neg ground they could claim advantages off rejection of the plan AND all disad uniqueness is based off the status quo The current economic decline is causing xenophobic anti-immigrant sentiment across the US – growth is a prerequisite to inclusion
Yglesias 10 Matthew Yglesias, fellow at the Center for American Progress Action Fund, “Anchor babies, the Ground Zero mosque and other scapegoats”, The Washington Post, August 8, 2010, p. Lexis
The past two summers have been filled with vitriol. Last year we had town
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therefore unlikely, the shouting matches still stand to scar our national identity. |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: NDT | Round: 5 | Opponent: Missouri State GN | Judge: Uranium mining is key to Niger’s economy
Reuters, 5-12-12, p. http://www.reuters.com/article/2012/06/12/britain-niger-growth-idUSL5E8HCGC120120612**
Niger expects its resource-rich economy to grow 15 percent in 2012, boosted
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, and late last year also joined the ranks of Africa’s oil producers. Plan reduces uranium demand
PRISM reactor eliminates uranium mining
Archambeau, et al., 2011, The Integral Fast Reactor (IFR): An Optimized Source for Global Energy Needs, February, ~Science Council for Global Initiatives; Charles~, p. 4
The G.E. estimated building cost of the S-Prism reactor (
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Uranium fuel. Therefore, no Uranium mining and associated pollution will occur. Decline in Uranium prices will collapse Niger’s economy
Campbell %26 Sheerin, Niger, ~University of Pennsylvania - The Wharton School; Jennifer; Alannah~, p. http://fic.wharton.upenn.edu/fic/africa/Niger%20Final.pdf**
Niger’s longest, sustained economic boom dates back to the 1970’s and was largely attributable to a furtive uranium market and rises in foreign aid. In 1978, GDP growth reached 14 percent. However, declines in global uranium prices coupled with severe drought, poor public finance and economic instability in Nigeria, Niger’s main trading partner, resulted in severe economic conditions throughout the 80’s and 90’s. Economic instability from Niger will spillover and destabilize the entire Sahel
International Institute for Strategic Studies, 2012, Extremism Spreads Throughout West Africa, November 2, p. http://www.realclearworld.com/articles/2012/11/02/extremism_spreads_throughout_west_africa_100320.html**
In Mali, Mauritania, Niger and Nigeria, Islamist militants have filled power vacuums created by ineffectual national governments, and have tapped into religious and socio-economic grievances. Militants’ activities that begin in one country spill over into neighbouring states, destabilising the entire Sahel. Instability in West African and Nigeria increases risk of al Qaeda and nuclear terrorism
Raghavan, 2012, Washington Post, Niger struggles against Islamist militants, August 16, ~Sudarsan~, p. http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2012-08-16/world/35490742_1_boko-haram-nigeria-islamists-in-northern-mali**
DIFFA, Niger This West African desert town hardly seems like the front line of
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Danny, who did not provide his last name as required by protocol. Global nuclear war
Ayson, 2010, Studies in Conflict %26 Terrorism, After a Terrorist Nuclear Attack: Envisaging Catalytic Effects, Volume 33, Issue 7, July, ~Professor of Strategic Studies and Director of the Centre for Strategic Studies: New Zealand at the Victoria University of Wellington; Robert~, p. 583-5
A terrorist nuclear attack, and even the use of nuclear weapons in response by
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for the terrorists. This might not help the chances of nuclear restraint. |
| 03/30/2013 | Tournament: NDT | Round: 5 | Opponent: Missouri State GN | Judge: Immigration is a prerequisite—-worker shortage now means ZERO solvency—-immigration high skilled visas are key to nuclear expansion
Johnsson 11 Julie is a writer for Bloomberg Businessweek. "A Labor Shortage for U.S. Nuclear Plants," July 7, http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/a-labor-shortage-for-us-nuclear-plants-07072011.html-http://www.businessweek.com/magazine/a-labor-shortage-for-us-nuclear-plants-07072011.html
Whether Fukushima, where the world watched three nuclear reactors begin to melt down following
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and director of the Nuclear Power Institute at Texas A%26M University. Lack of visas will drive away STEM workers and undermine US dominance in biotechnology
McQuaid, et al., 2010, American Behavioral Scientist, Expanding Entrepreneurship:
Female and Foreign-Born Founders of New England Biotechnology Firms, March, ~University of Massachusetts, Boston lecturer; Jim~, p. 1059
Our research implies that highly educated immigrants should be welcomed as long term and probably
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U.S. population (National Foundation for American Policy, 2008). US biotech is key to the expansion of GM crops
Juma, 2011, Des Moines Register, February 19, Technological Intolerance Threatens Global Food Security, ~Harvard professor of international development; Calestous~, p.http://belfercenter.ksg.harvard.edu/publication/20753/technological_intolerance_threatens_global_food_security.html**
Modern biotechnology is an important force in global agriculture. But it continues to be
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U.S. leadership in agricultural innovation and undermine global food security. GM crop expansion saves biodiversity
Trewavas, 2000, GM is the Best Option We Have? AgBioWorld, June 5, ~Institute of Cell and Molecular Biology; Anthony~, p. http://www.agbioworld.org/biotech-info/articles/biotech-art/best_option.html-http://www.agbioworld.org/biotech-info/articles/biotech-art/best_option.html**
Our current numbers of some six billion have already placed dangerous burdens on the ecosystems
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future. Currently GM is our best option to achieve this difficult task. The impact is linear—-triggers a domino effect—-extinction
Diner, 1994, Military Law Review, ~US Army Major; David~, Winter, Lexis
4. Biological Diversity. — The main premise of species preservation is better than
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from an aircraft’s wing, mankind may be edging closer to the abyss. Experts predict CIR passage before August
Sheets, 3-22-13, International Business Times, Immigration Reform Bill Suddenly Close: What Made Republicans Change Their Minds?, ~Connor Adams~, p. http://www.ibtimes.com/immigration-reform-bill-suddenly-close-what-made-republicans-change-their-minds-1145763~~%23**
When President Barack Obama called on Congress to send him an immigration bill "in
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and a consensus about what to include in the bill is taking shape. Immigration reform will pass—GOP are coming around
Martin, 3-22-13, San Antonio Express, GOP developments on immigration reform give hope of eventual legislative action, ~Gary~, p. http://www.mysanantonio.com/opinion/columnists/gary_martin/article/GOP-developments-on-immigration-reform-give-hope-4377241.php**
Several developments on Capitol Hill this week led many to believe Congress will pass a
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system." That sounds like incentive enough for both parties to reach agreement. Concedes in un-underlined part that as long as the bill is proposed in April that solves—-also, Nakamura doesn’t say how long delay happens
Ted Hesson, 3-28-2013, Reasons Why an Immigration Reform Timeline Matters" (ABC News), http://abcnews.go.com/ABC_Univision/Politics/reasons-immigration-reform-timeline-matters/story?id=18822563~~%23.UVPrYleVjIs
A group of Democrats and Republicans working on an immigration reform bill in the
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to be unwilling to take a tough vote after that," Fitz said. Senate will have a bipart bill by April
Gaynor, 3-27-13, Reuters, U.S. Senators say they expect to deliver immigration bill, ~Tim~, pfactiva
Members of a bipartisan group of eight U.S. Senators took their quest
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agreed to and done .. the day we come back," he said. Immigration is the top agenda item and Obama is lobbying Congress for passage
Fifield, 3-20-13, Financial Times, Immigration: Pressure mounts on Obama to overhaul citizenship requirements, ~Anna~, p. http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/9235c2aa-8ad4-11e2-b1a4-00144feabdc0.html~~%23axzz2OUBxAATN**
With every attempt of the past decade ending in failure, is there any reason
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put back in the too-hard basket for a few more years. No GOP opposition to Energy Trust Fund
The Oil Daily, March 18, 2013, Obama Talks up ’Energy Trust’ Proposal, pfactiva
An energy trust — which would require congressional approval before it is enacted — was
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Slocum, director of the energy program at Washington-based Public Citizen-javascript:void(0);. Altman just cites "a house republican" —- no reason this member is key and it’s talking about Obama’s proposal, not the gang of eight’s—-they also left this in the un-underlined part
Alex Altman, 3-20-2013, "Four Hurdles That Could Block Immigration Reform," Washington correspondent for TIME, http://swampland.time.com/2013/03/20/four-hurdles-that-could-block-immigration-reform/
Little discussed but also looming is the possibility that Democrats drag their feet on reform
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negotiations in Congress bog down, he may not be so hands off. Independently, that’s a bigger internal to partisanship
Blame shifting/partisanship, Capital, Leaks
The Hill, 7-11 – "Debt-ceiling talks hit brick wall as President Obama, GOP trade jabs," The Hill, http://thehill.com/homenews/administration/170841-debt-talks-hit-brick-wall-obama-gop-trade-jabs.
President Obama and GOP leaders traded accusations Monday over who was to blame as talks
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deficits be cut by a higher amount than the borrowing limit is raised. AT: Brooks and BleesThis card is about popular support for nuclear power in other countries—-not Congress—-doesn’t access the internal to the DA
Barry Brook %26 Tom Blees, 10-23-2012, a leading environmental scientist, holding the Sir Hubert Wilkins Chair of Climate Change at the School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, and is also Director of Climate Science at the University of Adelaide’s Environment Institute, published three books, over 200 refereed scientific papers, is a highly cited researcher, received a number of distinguished awards for his research excellence including the Australian Academy of Science Fenner Medal, is an International Award Committee member for the Global Energy Prize, Australian Research Council Future Fellow, ISI Researcher, Ph.D., Macquarie University in Environmental Engineering, Science Council for Global Initiatives, Edgeworth David Medal Royal Society of NSW, Cosmos Bright Sparks Award, Tom Blees is the author of Prescription for the Planet, the president of the Science Council for Global Initiatives, member of the selection committee for the Global Energy Prize, BraveNewClimate, "The Case for Near-term Commercial Demonstration of the Integral Fast Reactor," http://bravenewclimate.com/2012/10/23/the-case-for-near-term-commercial-demonstration-of-the-integral-fast-reactor/-http://bravenewclimate.com/2012/10/23/the-case-for-near-term-commercial-demonstration-of-the-integral-fast-reactor/
Light-water reactors (LWR) of any stripe, however, produce only
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a technical advancement and a political enabler for nuclear power of all kinds. Blake is about democrats using the plan as a bargaining chip to overcome opposition to federal loan guarantees—-this proves they can’t benefit other issues and the plan can only be a loss
Mariah Blake, January/February 2010, is an editor at the Washington Monthly; her work has also appeared in Christian Science Monitor and Foreign Policy, Mother Jones, "The Bailout Goes Nuclear," http://www.motherjones.com/environment/2010/01/bailout-nuclear-http://www.motherjones.com/environment/2010/01/bailout-nuclear
Key Senate Democrats have signaled that they are willing to use nuclear subsidies as a
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aisle that I think they will get all the loan guarantees they need." Synder proves the link—-the House ended loan guarantee programs because of a Republican effort—-the last part doesn’t say republicans like the plan too
Jim Snyder, 9-14-2012, Bloomberg, "Republican-Led House Passes Bill to Block Energy Loans," http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-09-14/republican-led-house-passes-bill-to-block-energy-loans.html-http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2012-09-14/republican-led-house-passes-bill-to-block-energy-loans.html
The U.S. House passed legislation to end an energy loan-guarantee
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the bill would let nuclear- power projects favored by Republicans go forward. Hirsh concedes PC is real and deals with momentum
Hirsh, 2-7-13, National Journal, There’s No Such Thing as Political Capital, ~Michael~, p. www.nationaljournal.com/magazine/there-s-no-such-thing-as-political-capital-20130207
The point is not that "political capital" is a meaningless term. Often
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that matters, if you have popularity and some momentum on your side." |
